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安徽合肥市2018届高三年级第一次质检试卷英语（试题卷）注意事项：1.本卷为合肥高三年级第一次质检试卷，分两卷。其中共72题，满分150分，考试时间为120分钟。2.考生领取到试卷后，应检查试卷是否有缺页漏页，重影模糊等妨碍答题现象，如有请立即向监考老师通报。开考前15分钟后，考生禁止入场，监考老师处理余卷。3.请考生将答案填写在答题卡上，选择题部分请用2B铅笔填涂，非选择题部分请用黑色0.5mm签字笔书写。考试结束后，试题卷与答题卡一并交回。预祝考生考试顺利第I卷 选择题（共100分）第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分）第一节（共5小题,每小题1.5分,满分7.5分）听下面5段对话,每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置.听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题.每段对话仅读一遍.例：1.What does the man want to do?A. Interview the manager. B. Apply for a job. C. Ask for direction.2. What does the mother want the boy to do?A. Read a book. B. Climb the mountain. C. Wait for her.3.Who broke the coffee cup?A. The man B. The woman . C. John.4.Where does this conversation probably take place?A .In a bookstore. B. In a classroom. C. At home.5.Why is the woman not sure 0f finishing the report today?A. She cant type fast. B. The puter may break down. C. The report is too long.第二节（共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话.每段对话后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳 选项,并标在试卷的相应位置.听每段对话前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟；听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间.每段对话读两遍.听第6段材料,回答第6、7题.6. What are the speakers talking about.A.Holiday plans. B. European cities. C. Health problems.7. Where will Michelle be faring the vocation ?A. In London. B. At home. C. In hospital.听第7段材料,回答第8、9题.8. Whats the hospital doing?A. Giving a hospital lesson.B. Preparing a pressentation.C. Working on a problem.9. What will the probably talk about next ?A. When Columbus discovered America.B. What the New World stands for.C.Who was the first European to discover American.听第8段材料,回答第10至12题.10. How long will the man be away?A. A month. B.Nearly a week. C. Three days.11. Who will take care of Ronger?A. His father B. His mother. C. The woman.12. What do we know about The woman ?A. She is a i teacher. B.She still works. C. She likes children.听第9段材料,回答第13至16题.13.How many people will probably go hiking?A. More than 4. B. About 5. C. Mort than 6.14. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Close friends. B.Boss and clerk. C. Husband and wife.15. Who will be likely to take charge of the autdoor activity?A. Helen B.Susan. C.John.16. What will Jane and Hellen do next weekend?A.Enjoy themselves with susan.B. Go hiking in the mountains.C. Do some holiday shopping.听第10段材料,回答第17至20题.17. How long did Miss Brown teach the students?A. Two years. B.Three years. C .Four years.18. How do the students like Miss Brown?A. Clever and thoughtful. B. Rude and strict. C.Kind and patient.19. Why do student like Miss Browns lessons?A. They are easy to follow.B. They are lively and interesting.C. She is not strict with the students .20. What do the students owe their progress to?A. Miss Browns help. B. The English exams. C. Their hard work.二.阅读理解（每题2分，共40分）第一部分 阅读下面的文章，从每题后面所给的四个选项中选出正确的一项。ACamels are large animals living in dry areas. There are two species of camels; the Arabian camel with a single hump(驼背) from the dry desert areas of West Asia, and the Bactrian camel with two humps from Central and East Asia. Camels are over 7 feet tall and weigh over 1,600 pounds. They will live up to 40 to 50 years. Most camels are domesticated(驯化) and fed by people. Camels are plant-eatersCamels are very strong animals with wide, padded feet. They have thick leathery pads on their knees and chest. Camels have nostrils(鼻孔)that can open and close, protecting them from the desert environment. Bushy eyebrows and two rows of long eyelashes protect their eyes from sand. Their mouth is extremely tough, allowing camels to eat thorny(带刺的)desert plants. Their widened feet help them move without sinking into the sand. Their thick coats reflect sunlight, and also protect them from the intense heat from desert sand. Their long legs help by keeping them further from the hot groundCamels can go without food and water for 3 to 4 days. They do not store water in their humps as is monly believedThe humps are actually a container of fat. Camels are incredibly well-adapted to their environment. When conditions heat up, camels can increase their own body temperature, which prevents sweating and therefore water loss. They may not sweat at all during the dayCamels are sometimes called“ships of the desert”because people ride them around the hot, dry deserts of the worldHowever, the number of camels is being smaller for various reasons1. According to the passage, camels usually live in _A. Asia B. AfricaC. America D. Australia2. Paragraph 2 is mainly about _A. camels are useful animals B. camels are clever animalsC. camels body structure and function D. camels characteristics and habits3. The reason why camels lose little water in deserts is that they _A. get water from green foods B. can adjust their temperatureC. store enough water in the humps D. can manage without water4. What will the author probably talk about following the last paragraph?A. Ways to protect camels B. Habitats of camelsC. Reasons for raising camels D. Functions of camels【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B 4. A【解析】试题分析：本文介绍了骆驼，包括居住的地域、种类、身体结构等。1. A 细节理解题。根据第一段的描述“There are two species of camels; the Arabian camel with a single hump(驼背) from the dry desert areas of West Asia, and the Bactrian camel with two humps from Central and East Asia.”可知，骆驼主要居住在亚洲（西亚、中亚和东亚），故选A。2. C 段落大意题。通读第二段，可看出此段阐述了骆驼的身体结构及功能。故答案C正确。3. B 细节理解题。根据第三段中Camels are incredibly well-adapted to their environment. When conditions heat up, camels can increase their own body temperature, which prevents sweating and therefore water loss. They may not sweat at all during the day.可知，骆驼在沙漠中几乎不失去水分的原因是他们能够调节自身的温度，阻止水分蒸发。故答案为B。4. A 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段最后一句However, the number of camels is being smaller for various reasons.可知，然而，骆驼的数量因为各种原因越来越少；故推断下一段最可能阐述保护骆驼的方法，故答案为A。考点：考查科普类短文阅读【名师点睛】我们在做阅读理解时，几种阅读方法（泛读，略读，查读）会交叉使用到，具体步骤为：（1）先精读问题，了解题后做到心中有数。（2）用目光略读全文，捕捉有关信息。可利用标题、主题句等。例如，读记叙文时我们要问5W，即为何(Why)、什么(What)、谁(Who)、何时(When)、何地(Where)、怎样(How)。例如要找一个人名，我们可以直接找到含有这个人名的句子。（3）停下来读这个句子。如果是答案。我们这个问题就解决了，如果不是，可以继续搜寻查找。同时注意一些关键的提示词和标点符号。BNew Zealand will create one of the largest marine protected areas in the world, spanning an area of 620,000 sq km.The Kermadec Ocean Sanctuary (保护区) will be one of the worlds most significant fully protected ecosystems, the prime minister of New Zealand, John Key, told the UN General Assembly in New York.The sanctuary is in the South Pacific Ocean, about 1,000 km north-east of New Zealand, and expands a marine reserve that surrounds some small islands. The area is considered important in terms of biodiversity, featuring nearly 35 species of whales and dolphins, 150 types of fish and three of the worlds seven sea turtle species. It is also geologically significant, including the worlds longest chain of underwater volcanoes and the second deepest ocean trench, into 10 km underwater deeper than Mount Everests height. The scale of the sanctuary will dwarf (矮化) any previous New Zealands protected area, spanning twice the size of the countrys mainland. It will cover 15% of New Zealands economic zone.mercial and recreational fishing will be pletely banned, as will oil, gas and mineral prospecting (勘探), exploration and mining. Keys government aims to pass legislation establishing the sanctuary next year.The sanctuary is a world-class, unspoiled marine environment and New Zealand is proud to protect it for future generations,Key said.New Zealanders value our coasts and oceans, which are an important part of our culture, economy and environment and we are mitted to managing them sustainably. Creating protected areas will support not only our own fisheries, but those of our Pacific neighbors, adding to New Zealands efforts to help grow Pacific economies through the responsible management of their ocean resources.Nick Smith, New Zealands environment minister, said the sanctuary might impose a cost upon the mining industry but that it is important to protect the ocean before exploration takes place.New Zealand needs to use its vast ocean resources for jobs and exports in industries like fishing, aquaculture, minerals and energy, but we also need to set aside special areas where nature es first and marine life is fully protected,Smith said.New Zealand will monitor the area via its navy and satellite technology. The Kermadec region will join three other key areas in the Pacific protected by the US, the UK and Australia.Matt Rand, director of the Pew Charitable Trusts Global Ocean Legacy (遗产) campaign, weled Keys announcement.New Zealand will create the gold standard of conservation areas in the sanctuary, preserving one of the few ly unspoiled areas of ocean on Earth,he said.This mitment is an exciting step toward meeting global goals to safeguard at least 30% of the ocean through fully protected marine reserves.5. Why is the Kermadec Ocean Sanctuary important in biodiversity?A. It has a superior geographical location.B. It has many different kinds of sea animals.C. Its environment is suitable for the growth of marine life.D. It is the only unspoiled area of ocean remained on Earth.6. Which of the following will Key probably agree on?A. People are allowed to fish for fun in the sanctuary.B. All Pacific countries should be responsible for ocean resources.C. New Zealanders attach great importance to protecting the sanctuary.D. New Zealand has made great achievement in creating protected areas.7. What can we infer from what Nick Smith said?A. New Zealand should develop its marine industry in special areas.B. The Kermadec Ocean Sanctuary may affect New Zealands mining industry.C. New Zealand hasnt figured out how to make full use of its ocean resources.D. Measures should be taken immediately to protect the ocean after explorations.【答案】5. B 6. C 7. B【解析】试题分析：本文介绍了新西兰将打造一个世界上规模最大的海洋保护区。【小题1】B 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句The area is considered important in terms of biodiversity, featuring nearly 35 species of whales and dolphins, 150 types of fish and three of the worlds seven sea turtle species.（就生物多样性而言，该地区被认为是重要的，具有近35种的鲸鱼和海豚，150种鱼和7种世界海龟中的3种）可知，这个海域有众多的海洋生物，这对生物多样性是很重要的。故选B。【小题2】C 推理判断题。根据第五段中New Zealanders value our coasts and oceans, which are an important part of our culture, economy and environment and we are mitted to managing them sustainably. 我们新西兰人民珍惜自己的海岸和海洋，这是我们文化、经济和环境的重要组成部分，我们致力于可持续管理。）可知，Key会同意C项观点。【小题3】B 推理判断题。根据倒数第三段第一句Nick Smith, New Zealands environment minister, said the sanctuary might impose a cost upon the mining industry but that it is important to protect the ocean before exploration takes place.可知，这个海洋保护区可能会对采矿业造成影响。故选B。【名师点拨】细节题的破解一般采用寻读法，即先看试题，再读文章。对有关信息进行快速定位，再将相关信息进行整合、甄别、分析、对比，有根有据地排除干扰项，选出正确答案。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率，节省了宝贵的时间。寻读法还特别适用于对图形表格类题材的理解。做此类型的题目还要特别注意句子的逻辑关系。英语中有许多功能词，如：表因果关系的because, since, as等；表转折关系的but, however ,on the contrary, on the other hand等等。25.【小题1】B细节理解题。根据第三段第二句The area is considered important in terms of biodiversity, featuring nearly 35 species of whales and dolphins, 150 types of fish and three of the worlds seven sea turtle species.（就生物多样性而言，该地区被认为是重要的，具有近35种的鲸鱼和海豚，150种鱼和7种世界海龟中的3种。）可知，这个海域有众多的海洋生物，这对生物多样性是很重要的。故选B。考点：考查环保类阅读CYoure not doomed to toss and turn every night. Although you might not be able to control all of the factors that relate to your sleep, you can adopt habits that encourage better sleep. Start with these simple sleep tips.No. 1: Stick to a sleep scheduleGo to bed and get up at the same time every day, even on weekends, holidays and days off. Being consistent reinforces （加强） your bodys sleep-wake cycle and helps promote better sleep at night. If you dont fall asleep within about 15 minutes, get up and do something relaxing. Go back to bed when youre tired.No. 2: Pay attention to what you eat and drinkDont go to bed either hungry or stuffed. Your disfort might keep you up. Also limit how much you drink before bed, to prevent disruptive middle-of-the-night trips to the toilet. Nicotine, caffeine and alcohol deserve caution, too. The stimulating effects of nicotine and caffeine which take hours to wear off can ruin quality sleep.No. 3: Create a bedtime ritualDo the same things each night to tell your body its time to wind down. This might include taking a warm bath or shower, reading a book, or listening to light music. Be careful of using the TV or other electronic devices as part of your bedtime ritual. Some research suggests that screen time or other media use before bedtime has impact on sleep.No. 4: Get fortableCreate a room thats ideal for sleeping. Often, this means cool, dark and quiet. Consider using room-darkening shades, earplugs, a fan or other devices to create an environment that suits your needs.Your mattress and pillow can contribute to better sleep, too. Since the features of good bedding are subjective, choose what feels most fortable to you. If you have children or pets, set limits on how often they sleep with you or insist on separate sleeping quarters.No. 5: Limit daytime napsLong daytime naps can affect nighttime sleep especially if youre struggling with poor sleep quality at night. If you choose to nap during the day, limit yourself to about 10 to 30 minutes and make it during the mid-afternoon.If you work nights, youll need to make an exception to the rules about daytime sleeping. In this case, keep your window coverings closed so that sunlight which adjusts your internal clock doesnt interrupt your daytime sleep.No. 6: Include physical activity in your daily routineRegular physical activity can promote better sleep, helping you to fall asleep faster and to enjoy deeper sleep. Timing is important, though. If you exercise too close to bedtime, you might be too energized to fall asleep. If this seems to be an issue for you, exercise earlier in the day.No. 7: Manage stressWhen you have too much to do and too much to think about your sleep is likely to suffer. To help restore peace to your life, consider healthy ways to manage stress. Start with the basics, such as getting organized, setting priorities and dividing tasks. Give yourself permission to take a break when you need one. Share a good laugh with an old friend.Nearly everyone has an occasional sleepless night but if you often have trouble sleeping, contact your doctor. Identifying and treating any underlying causes can help you get the better sleep you deserve.8. Which of the following is helpful to have quality sleep at night?A. listening to light music before bedB. working out in the gym only in the day timeC. using expensive pillows that sell wellD. drinking lots of water instead of coffee before bed9. Which of the following sleep tips is not mentioned in the passage?A. Control your daytime sleep time.B. Adopt healthy ways to handle stress.C. Follow a flexible sleep timetable.D. Schedule your daily physical activities.10. According to the passage, in what situation do you need to contact your doctor?A. You can not nap in the day time.B. You frequently have trouble sleeping.C. You do not fall asleep within 15 minutes.D. You have too much to think about before bed.11. Whats the purpose of this passage?A. To provide advice on promoting better sleep at night.B. To inform readers of different sleep habits before bed.C. To offer tips on various relaxing activities before bed.D. To convince readers of the importance of quality sleep at night.【答案】8. A 9. C 10. B 11. A【解析】试题分析：文章就如何拥有良好的睡眠给了几条建议。8. A 细节理解题。文章第四段Do the same things each night to tell your body its time to wind down. This might include taking a warm bath or shower, reading a book, or listening to light music.可知，A项有助于睡眠，故选A。9. C 细节理解题。A/B/D项在No. 5: Limit daytime naps No. 7: Manage stressNo. 6: Include physical activity in your daily routine均有提到，而C项与No. 3: Create a bedtime ritual相悖，故选C。10. B细节理解题。从文章最后一段Nearly everyone has an occasional sleepless night but if you often have trouble sleeping, contact your doctor.得知答案。故选B。11. A主旨大意题。通读全文，我们得知，文章主要是介绍睡眠的，并给出建议，故选A。【名师点睛】细节题是针对文中某个细节、某句话或某部分具体内容设置问题，正确答案的根据一定可以在原文中找到，即原文的改写往往成为正确选项。通常细节题的正确选项有以下特征：1、对原文句子中的关键词进行替换。把原文中的一些词换成意义相近的词，成为正确选项。2、词性或者语态的变化。把原文中的一些词变换一下词性，或者改变原文句子的语态，给考生制造障碍。3、语言简化。把原文中的复杂语言现象进行简化，成为正确答案。4、正话反说。把原文中的意思反过来表达而成为正确选项（适用于寻找错误选项的题目）。干扰项也是以文章中的某个细节设题，若不仔细辨别，很容易把它当成正确选项。干扰项有以下特征：1、将原文内容扩大或缩小。把原文中的限定词去掉或替换，使该选项看似正确，实际上却是错误选项。2、把未然当已然。改变文中某句话的时态，如把将来时变成现在时，把未发生的事情当成已发生的事情。3、无中生有。即选项内容是根据主观想象或推测得出的结论，而文中并未涉及。4、偷换概念。把原来做该事的“张三”换成“李四”，所述细节确实与原文一致，一不小心就会误选。5、文不对题。这类题最不容易辨别，选项中的描述与原文完全一致，确属原文中的一个细节，这时要回到题干，看该选项是否能回答题干所提的问题。考点：考查日常生活类阅读DGreeces finance minister says his countrys financial situation is “terribly urgent” and the crisis could e to a head in a couple of weeks. Yanis Varoufakis gave the warning after eurozone finance ministers met in Brussels to discuss the final 7.2bn tranche(援助资金) of Greeces 240bn EU/IMF bailout(紧急援助).Ministers said Greece had made “progress” but more work was needed.The Greek government is struggling to meet its payment obligations（责任）.Earlier, Greece began the transfer of 750m (544m, $834m) in debt interest to the International Monetary Fund - a day ahead of a payment deadline.“The liquidity（资产流动性） issue is a terribly urgent issue. Its mon knowledge, lets not beat around the bush,” Mr Varoufakis told reporters in Brussels. “From the perspective of timing, we are talking about the next couple of weeks.”Greece has until the end of June to reach a reform deal with its international creditors. Its finances are running so low that it has had to ask public bodies for help. The crisis has raised the prospect that Greece might default（违约） on its debts and leave the euro.In a statement, the eurozone finance ministers said they “weled the progress that has been achieved so far” in the negotiations,” but added: “We acknowledged that more time and effort are needed to bridge the gaps on the remaining open issues.” Eurogroup chairman Jeroen Dijsselbloem said there had to be a full deal on the bailout（紧急财务援助） before Greece received any further payments. “There are time constraints(限制；约束) and liquidity constraints and hopefully we will reach an agreement before time runs out and before money runs out.” he said.There had been fears that Greece would default on its IMF debt repayment due on Tuesday. However, a Greek finance ministry official was quoted as saying that the order for repayment had been executed（实施） on Monday. Almost 1bn has been handed over to the IMF in interest payments since the start of May.It is unclear how the government came up with the funds, but the mayor of Greeces second city Thessaloniki revealed last week that he had handed over cash reserves in response to an appeal for money.12. What is Yanis Varoufakis?A. He is Greeces finance minister.B. He is an expert in the eurozone.C. An official of the International Monetary Fund.D. He is Eurogroup chairman.13. Which of the following could be the worst result if Greece defaulted on its debts?A. The International Monetary Fund would cancel the debt of Greece.B. The EU would help Greece rebuild its financial system.C. Greece might have to leave the eurozone.D. The eurozone would accept Greece.14. Which of the following is the best title of the passage?A. The EU Get Challenged.B. The International Monetary Fund Reform.C. The EU Face Economic Crisis.D. Greece Two Weeks from Cash Crisis15. What can we infer from the last two paragraphs?A. People fear that the International Monetary Fund cant pay Greece for debt repayment.B. Greece succeeded in paying interest payments to the IMF.
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