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Unit 12 Culture Shock一、课前基础自查 (一)分类记单词省时高效.阅读单词(知其意)1soccer n(英式)足球2eastern adj. 东方国家的；东部的3flashlight n. 手电筒4novel n. (长篇)小说5schoolmate n. 同学6headmaster n. 校长7handkerchief n. 手帕，纸巾8canteen n. 食堂，餐厅9appetite n. 食欲，胃口10yummy adj. 美味的11erupt vi. 爆发，喷发12parcel n. 邮包，包裹 13earthquake n. 地震14literature n. 文学15welloff adj. 富有的.重点单词(写其形)1absorb_ vt. 吸收；理解，掌握2bear_ vt. 携带；容忍3.familiar adj.熟悉的，常见的4indicate_ vt. 表明；表示5laughter n. 笑；笑声6brief_ adj. 短暂的，简短的7exchange vt. 兑换，交换8request n. 请求9attach vt. 喜欢，依恋；系，固定10owe vt. 欠(情、债等)11modest adj. 谦虚的；适度的12aspect_ n. 方面13export vt. 出口，输出14whisper vi. 低语，耳语15custom_ n. 习俗，风俗16outdoors_ adv. 在户外，在野外17manners_ n. 礼貌18stare vi. 凝视，盯着看19broad adj. 各种各样的；广阔的20outgoing adj. 友好的，乐于交友的21book_ vt. 预约，预订.拓展单词(通其变)1addition n相加；增加物additional adj.补充的，额外的，附加的2apology n道歉，认错apologize v道歉，谢罪3expectation n期待的事物；预期expect vt.期待，预料；指望expected adj.预期的，预料的4majority n大半，大多数major adj.主要的 vi.主修5reasonable adj.合理的，正当的reason n理由v.推论；劝说；理解reasonably adv.合理地；相当地6movement n动作；活动move v移动；感动movable adj.可移动的moving adj.令人感动的7curiously adv.好奇地；奇怪地curious adj.好奇的curiosity n好奇心8informal adj.非正式的formal adj.正式的9injure vt.伤害injury n伤害，损害injured adj.受伤的10educator n教育者education n教育educated adj.有教养的educate vt.教育语境活用1His generous donation filled our need for additional funds, and in addition,_it encouraged more and more people to give a hand.(addition)2His explanation was not reasonable,_so all of us didnt accept his reason for being absence. He should apologize to us reasonably.(reason)3He expected that everyone would burst out laughing when he finished his joke, but beyond his expectation nobody laughed.(expect)4The boy is always curious about the world outside and shows great curiosity about what is going on in nature.(curious)5Three people were killed and five were injured in the crash.The doctor said two of the injured had serious injuries.(injure)6Many students who were educated by the famous educator received further education.(educate) (二)练中记短语记牢用活写准记牢语境活用(选用左栏短语填空)1.get_used_to习惯于2give_._a_lift 让搭车，搭便车3see_.off 给(某人)送行4belong_to 属于5insist_on 坚持，坚决要求6stare_at 盯着看；凝视7be_attached_to 附属于8sound_like 听起来像9in_poor_condition 状况不好10be_sensitive_to 对敏感11at_least 至少12contrary_to 与相反13put/bring_an_end_to 结束14loads_of 许多，大量1.The foreign student could not get_used_to eating the strange food.2After Tom_saw Frank off at the bus station, he went to the school office to work.3A final battle put/brought_an_end_to the war, and then the country had been in peace for many years.4The young man insisted_on being sent to where he was most needed.5The fresh air belongs_equally_to us all; we should protect it from being polluted.6I made everything perfectly clear or at_least I thought I did.7Dont be_sensitive_to what I said I wasnt criticizing you.8They stared_at the strange sight in silent wonder.(三)仿写明句式以用为本教材原句句式解读句式仿写1.Id rather stay cosy and read my novel.我宁可舒服地待着，看看小说。would rather do .“宁愿做”。如果你撒谎或者不遵守诺言，没有人会相信你。因此我宁愿受到责备也不会去欺骗他人。If you tell lies or dont keep your words, no one will trust you.So I would_rather_be_scolded than cheat others.2.Would you mind giving me and my schoolmate a lift to school?你能让我和我的同学搭上你的车去上学吗？Would you mind doing .？“请你做好吗？”(2018全国卷书面表达)看完短片后，请给我们提一些建议好吗？After seeing the short film，would_you_mind_giving us some advice, please？3.Decide where to go on holiday with a friend.定好和朋友到哪里去度假。“特殊疑问词不定式”结构。(2014重庆高考书面表达)我很珍惜这本书，因为它告诉我如何用一种积极的方式保持平衡的友谊。I value this book because it tells me how_to_keep the balance of friendship in a positive way.4.When I first arrived in San Francisco, I had a difficult time understanding certain aspects of the American way of doing things.刚到旧金山的时候，有段时间我感到很难理解某些美国人的处事方式。have a difficult time (in) doing sth.“有一段较为困难的时光”。(2013江西高考书面表达)爬山有点困难，但到达山顶后，我们高兴地又跳又叫。We have_a_difficult_time_(in)_climbing_the_hill,_but we jumped and cheered with joy after we got to the top.5.I had a similar experience the last time I visited China.上次我到中国参观时也有同样的经历。the last time“上次的时候”，用作连词引导时间状语从句。(2016全国卷书面表达)我仍然记着上次你来我们学校参观的时候给我展示了关于那个主题的照片。I remember you showed me some photos on that theme the_last_time_you_visited_our_school.二、课堂重点深化1owe vt.欠(情、债等)；归功于自主体验单句语法填空These early settlers owed their survival_to hard work and determination to succeed.I owe it to you that I finished my work ahead of time.Owing to the bad weather, the flight was delayed for a couple of hours.句型转换The country owes foreign countries billions of dollars because of the financial crisis.The country owes billions of dollars to foreign countries because of the financial crisis.系统归纳owe sb.sth.owe sth.to sb.欠某人某物owe . to . 把归功于；归因于owing to 因为；由于owe it to sb. that . 多亏了某人重点强化易错处处防He owes this to his doctors care that he is quite well again.thisit佳句时时写(2018江苏高考书面表达)我们把排名的提高归功于产品和服务上。We_owe_it_to_the_products_or_services_that_good_ratings_increase.名师指津如果owe的宾语是动词不定式或名词性从句，可使用it作形式宾语，将充当真正宾语的动词不定式或名词性从句放在句尾。2absorb vt.吸收；理解；使专心；使全神贯注；掌握自主体验单句语法填空Certain chemicals are easily absorbed into the bloodstream, while others are not.Absorbed (absorb) in painting, Mary didnt notice evening approaching.Most little shops have been absorbed by/into big businesses.完成句子He is_absorbed_in_the_sports_news on the back page of his newspaper.他在全神贯注地阅读报纸末版上的体育新闻。The first Chinese woman astronaut Liu Yang absorbed_the_whole_worlds_attention.第一位中国女宇航员刘洋吸引了全世界的注意力。系统归纳(1)absorb sb.s attention to (doing) sth.吸引某人对(做)某事的注意力 absorb . into . 把吸收到/并入(2)be absorbed by/into .被吞并；为所吸收be absorbed in (doing) sth. 全神贯注于/热衷于/一心从事某事重点强化易错处处防Absorbed with his work, he simply forgot to have supper and sleep.within佳句时时写(2015福建高考书面表达)一缕光线从墙上的一个小孔穿过，他(借助灯光)全神贯注地读书。A_weak_ray_of_light_came_in_through_a_small_hole_in_the_wall_and_he_was_absorbed_in_his_reading.联想发散(1)表示“吸引某人注意(力)”的短语还有：draw/attract ones attentioncatch ones attention/eyes(2)表示“专心于”的短语还有：be lost/buried inbe devoted to3familiar adj.熟悉的，常见的 自主体验单句语法填空Ive just e here. Im still not familiar with the work.This old song is familiar to those Chinese people who lived in the 1960s.完成句子I was_so_familiar_with_him that I recognized his voice instantly I picked up the phone.我对他是如此的熟悉以至于我一拿起电话就听出了他的声音。系统归纳sb.be familiar with sth.某人对某物熟悉sth.be familiar to sb.sth.be known to sb. 某物为某人所熟悉重点强化易错处处防He is quite familiar to the city because he is a native of it.towith佳句时时写(2018北京高考书面表达)你最好提前学习基础汉语。只有用这种方式，你才能熟悉北京的生活。Youd_better_learn_some_basic_Chinese_ahead_of_time._Only_in_this_way_can_you_get_familiar_with_the_life_in_Beijing.名师指津be familiar with主语一般是有生命的人，意为“某人对某人/某事熟悉”；be familiar to主语一般是无生命的事物，意为“某事为某人所熟悉”。4attach vt.系，固定；附上，贴上；喜欢，依恋自主体验单句语法填空It is high time that the country should attach importance to energy saving and environment protection.A young man attached himself (he) to me at the party and I couldnt get rid of him.Father asked me to attach a stamp to the envelope and mail it.完成句子Dont attach_too_much_importance_to this report.不要过于看重这份报告。The research unit is_attached_to_the university.这个研究机构附属于这所大学。系统归纳(1)attach . to .把固定到/附/贴在上attach importance/significance/value to 认为重要/有意义/有价值attach oneself to sb. 与某人在一起；缠着某人(2)attached adj. 依恋的；附加的(be) attached to 附属于；依恋重点强化易错处处防In many countries, packets of cigarettes e with a government health warning attached on them.onto佳句时时写(2017天津高考书面表达)为了成为第十三届全运会的志愿者，我提前做了很多我认为重要的准备。To_get_admitted_as_a_volunteer_for_the_13th_National_Games,_I_have_made_many_preparations_I_attach_importance_to_in_advance.5request n& vt.请求，要求自主体验单句语法填空At_the request of mayor, he made a speech on the square.You can talk to the robot, ask it questions, and request it to_perform (perform) different tasks.The Police mittee requested a grant from the Government to cover the extra expense.一句多译老板要求我们不要在办公室里吸烟。The_boss_requested_us_not_to_smoke_in_the_office.(request sb. not to do)The_boss_requested_that_we_(should)_not_smoke_in_the_office. (request that)It_was_requested_that_we_(should)_not_smoke_in_the_office.(It is/was requested that)系统归纳(1)make a request for .请求，要求at sb.s requestat the request of sb.应某人的要求(2)request sb.(not) to do sth. 请求某人(不)做某事request sth.from/of sb. 向某人请求某物request (that) . 请求It is/was requested that . 据要求重点强化易错处处防My father requested that I arrived home at dusk.arrivedarrive佳句时时写(2018全国卷书面表达)要求两个队每天训练两个小时并且定期参加比赛。It_is_requested_that_both_teams_train_for_two_hours_a_day_and_participate_in_petitions_regularly.名师指津在与request相关的名词性从句或“It is/was requested that .”句型中，从句谓语动词用“shoulddo”表示虚拟语气，should可以省略。6exchange vt.&n.兑换，交换自主体验单句语法填空I will make the best of the opportunity to exchange ideas with them.I am going to travel abroad, so I go to exchange some RMB for dollars in the bank.Ill type your report if youll babysit to make an exchange.一句多译他用一个苹果换我一块蛋糕。He gave me an apple in_exchange_for a piece of cake.He exchanged_an_apple_with_me_for a piece of cake.系统归纳(1)exchange sth.for sth.以某物交换某物exchange sth.with sb. 与某人交换某物(2)make an exchange 交换in exchange for sth. 交换某物重点强化易错处处防It is illegal for public officials to solicit (索要) gifts or money in exchange with favours.withfor佳句时时写(2014天津高考书面表达)得知你下学期将作为一名交流生来我们学校我非常高兴。Im_very_happy_to_learn_that_you_will_e_to_our_school_next_term_as_an_exchange_student._7majority n大半，大多数自主体验单句语法填空At present, in the teaching profession, women are in a/the majority.The majority is/are (be) in favour of the proposal that we should save water in our daily life.The majority of astronauts from America have_been (be)men in the last few years. 完成句子The white are_in_the_majority in Australia while the native people in_the_minority.在澳大利亚，白人占多数而原住民反而占少数。The_majority_of_the_damage is easy to repair.大部分的损失很容易补救。系统归纳(1)a/the majority of的大多数in a/the majority 占大多数by/with a majority of 以多数票(2)minority n. 少数in the minority 占少数(3)“a/the majority of名词”作主语时，其后谓语动词的单复数取决于of后名词的数。the majority作主语时，谓语动词既可以用复数，也可以用单数。重点强化易错处处防The majority of the land have been destroyed so far. havehas佳句时时写(2016四川高考书面表达)正像我一样，大部分人认为夏天比其他三个季节有趣。Just_like_me,_the_majority_think_summer_is_certainly_more_interesting_than_the_other_three_seasons.8bear vi.& vt.(bore, borne/born)容忍，忍受；承担(责任)；支撑；承受；生育；出生；结(果实)；携带自主体验写出下列句中bear的含义I cant bear sharing the same room with him.容忍，忍受John was bitten by a dog, and he bears the scars to this day.携带I think the ice on the lake is too thin to bear your weight.支撑She has borne a son and two daughters.生育Why do I have to bear all the costs of repair？承担完成句子You shouldnt have to bear_the_blame_for other peoples mistakes.你不应该非得代人受过。We must bear_it_in_mind_that wasting time is equal to wasting our life.我们必须牢记浪费时间等于浪费生命。系统归纳bear the blame/responsibility受责备/承担责任cant bear doing/to do sth. 不能忍受做某事bear sb./sb.s doing sth. 忍受某人做某事bear sth.in mind 牢记某事bear (it) in mind that . 牢记重点强化易错处处防He couldnt bear be made fun of like that before the whole class.bebeing佳句时时写(2016全国卷书面表达)请记住我们上午8：30在学校外会面。Please_bear_it_in_mind_that_well_meet_at_8：30_am_outside_the_school_gate.1see . off 给(某人)送行 自主体验单句语法填空John is leaving for London tomorrow and Ill see him off at the airport.Can you see to it that the fax goes this afternoon?完成句子Im so glad youve e here to_see_to_the_matter in person.我很高兴你能亲自来处理这件事情。You were very clever_to_see_through_him. He had deceived the rest of us.你能看穿他真是聪明，他把我们其余的人都蒙蔽了。系统归纳see through .看透，识破；把做完see to sb./sth. 照料；注意；处理see to it that . 确保/保证重点强化易错处处防You will have to see to that all the windows are shut when you leave.that前加it佳句时时写(2013江西高考书面表达)上午八点，我们在学校门口集合，校长给我们送行，然后我们朝着大青山出发。At_8_am,_we_gathered_at_the_gate_of_the_school._The_headmaster_saw_us_off_and_then_we_set_out_for_Daqing_Mountain._2get used to习惯于 自主体验完成句子He gets_used_to_getting_up_early and he can enjoy the fresh air in the morning.他习惯早起来呼吸早上新鲜的空气。Smartphones are_used_to_do many things for people now.现在手机被用来为人们做很多事情。We used_to_sit in the yard every evening, listening to stories told by my grandpa.过去我们常常每天晚上坐在院子里，听爷爷讲故事。 When he was young, he used_to go there on foot. Now he has got_used_to going there by bike, though his bike is_used_to pick up his grandson sometimes.他年轻的时候常步行去那里。现在他习惯于骑自行车去那里，虽然有时候他的自行车被用来接孙子。系统归纳(1)be/bee/grow/get used to (doing) sth.be/bee/grow/get accustomed to (doing) sth.习惯于(做)某事(2)be used to do sth. 被用来做某事(3)used to do sth. 过去常常做某事(暗示现在已经不做了)重点强化易错处处防I used to get up late in the morning, but now I am used to get up early.第二个getgetting佳句时时写(2012四川高考书面表达)我习惯了在同学的帮助下背单词。我真的希望你能给我一些如何记忆新单词的建议。I_am_used_to_learning_words_by_heart_with_the_help_of_classmates._I_really_hope_that_you_can_give_me_some_advice_on_how_to_memorize_new_words.3“特殊疑问词不定式”结构 教材原句Decide where_to_go_on_holiday with a friend.自主体验When and where to_discuss the issue hasnt been decided yet.何时何地讨论这个问题还没有确定。Why not discover what you enjoy and do that?为什么不去发现你喜欢做的然后去做呢？I dont know whether to_accept it or not.我不知道是否接受它。归纳点拨用法规则(1)在“疑问词不定式”结构中，不定式必须用主动式而不能用被动式。(2)why后加不定式时，省略不定式符号to。(3)whether后可接不定式，而if不可以。注意事项“特殊疑问词不定式”结构，在句中作宾语、主语、表语等。佳句背诵(增分要点句)(2018全国卷满分作文)Speaking of table manners, I think it is important for you to know how to use chopsticks.(增分要点句)(2015浙江高考满分作文)Once we were left to decide whether to have a picnic in a park or go to a museum. I would love to go to a museum.(增分要点句)The question many students are puzzled about is how to study English well.4the last time引导时间状语从句 教材原句I had a similar experience the_last_time I visited China.自主体验The_last_time I saw him, he was in hospital.上次我见到他时，他住院了。He left me a good impression the_first_time I met him.我第一次见到他时，他给我留下了好印象。The_moment he got out of the airport, the famous pop star was surrounded by his fans.这位著名歌星一出飞机场，就被歌迷围了起来。I came to see you instantly (instant) I heard the news.我一听到这个消息，就马上来看你了。归纳点拨the last time作连词，引导时间状语从句。类似的还有：the moment， the minute， the second， the instant， the day， the week， the month， the year， each/every/next/any/last time， immediately， instantly， directly， by the time等。佳句背诵(增分要点句)(2015安徽高考满分作文)The first time I interviewed him, he looked a bit nervous.(增分要点句)(2013湖南高考满分作文)The first time we lost the match, we all felt very depressed, because we had all been devoted to making full preparations for it.单词拼写1It seems reasonable (合理的) to expect rapid urban growth.2Adler was an outgoing (外向的), sociable kind of man.3I was in the canteen (食堂) of a local school when the fire alarm went off. 4Its traditional for the two teams to exchange (交换) shirts after the game.5The research indicates (表明) that eating habits is changing fast.6Last but not least, you can plant a tree, because trees_absorb (吸收) carbon dioxide in the air to produce oxygen. 7They were so popular that their fans formed clubs in order to get more_familiar (熟悉的) with them.8Theyve been too badly hurt and they couldnt bear (容忍) to let it happen again.9A guide gave a brief (简短的) introduction about the history of the site.10Attach (贴上) a recent photograph to your application form.单句语法填空1It is reported that the majority of the young, with their parents working in distant cities, have_been_suffering (suffer) from a sense of loneliness for years. 2He owes his good health to plenty of exercise and a regular life.3No wonder his wife plains about him. No one can bear him staying (stay) at home, doing nothing day after day. 4It is requested that each of the teachers invited (should)_give (give) a performance at the party. 5Curiously (curious) enough, that very same thought occurred to me when I heard about the incident.6Educators (educate) are seriously concerned about the high rate of dropouts among the poor students.7What is being pulled down is the only theme park that is familiar to children.8With the development of science and technology, the surrounding villages have been absorbed by/into the growing city.9The majority (major) of the young people in the village have visited the Summer Palace.10Whoever he marries, shell have to get used to getting (get) along with his friends.单句改错1Dont respond to any emails requested personal information, no matter how official they look. requestedrequesting2She said she was familiar to Makciks daily routine and was certain she would still be sleeping. towith3We have no vacancies now, but well certainly bear your application on mind. onin4In the long run, Urmson sees a future of safer roads the majority of auto accidents is caused by human error and fewer traffic jams. isare5I owed to you that I made such rapid progress in my spoken English. owed后加it6I get so absorbing in doing something that I am unaware of things happening round me. absorbingabsorbed7He also said that they were determined to bring end to terrorism. end前加an8Only if you attach importance on your work can you make it well. onto9Youd better get used to do as youre told. dodoing10Both of my parents insist about buying a puter for me, but I dont think it is necessary. abouton.完成句子1This kind of cancer is_attached_to_smoking_and_drinking.这种癌症与吸烟、喝酒有联系。2He was_absorbed_in_the books after borrowing them from a bookshop.从书店借来书之后，他便沉浸在这些书中。3Thousands of people were at the airport to_see_them_off.数千人在机场为他们送行。4The_last_time_I_wrote_you_a_letter,_it was the fourth year after I graduated.我上一次给你写信，那是在我毕业后的第四年。5He has never considered how_to_solve_the_problem.他从未考虑过如何解决这个问题。本单元语篇话题与新课程主题语境“人与社会”中的“文化影响”子话题相对应一、话题语素积累多一点子话题文化影响 (一)浅易词汇温一 温wele greet praisetalkdrink follow enjoy differentdecision rude offer understandingshare traditional bow behaviorsocial polite respond(二)生疏词汇记一记custom n风俗culture n文化mention vt. 提到 helpful adj. 有帮助的emphasize vt. 强调 cultural adj. 文化的relationship n. 关系 unfortable adj. 不舒服的unnecessary adj. 不必要的 similar adj. 相似的experience n. 经历 value n. 价值conversation n. 谈话 represent v. 代表symbol n. 象征 g
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