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Unit 2 Cloning*阅读理解。Spider(蜘蛛) webs have something in mon with guitar strings. The long, thin strings on a guitar can vibrate(振动). They move back and forth, or from side to side. So do webs made by spiders. The lines of silk they produce can carry vibrations. This movement gives the small creature information about what landed on the web.Spiders have eight legs and usually eight eyes. The animals build webs with their own soft, naturallymade silk. And much like playing the strings of a guitar, a spider can send out vibrations across its web over many different frequencies(频率). Spiders catch their food, usually insects in their webs. They make small movements, which spread across their webs. The vibrations can give the spider details about what is caught in the webmaybe a possible mate，or something tasty to eat.Vibrations are not just used to spot what is for dinner. They are also important in courtship(求爱), so lots of males will actually create a very specific kind of musical pattern which the females can use to determine not only that theyre a male, but theyre the right species, and whether they might want to mate with them as well.Spiders make their own vibrations to find out the condition of the webs. By controlling the tightness of the material, they can effectively control how information is getting to them when they hang out in the middle of the web.Spiders have a special ability to shape the physical nature of their selfmade materials and creations. Scientists think that spider silk may have changed over time for this purpose.【解题导语】本文介绍了蜘蛛吐出的蛛丝可以传播不同频率的振动，这些振动让它们知道蜘蛛网上落下了什么东西并且这些振动在求爱中也非常重要。1How does a spider feel that an insect is caught in the web?AThrough its sense of sight.BThrough vibrations of its web.CThrough different frequencies.DThrough a musical pattern.B解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的“The vibrations can give the spider details about what is caught in the web”可知，蜘蛛可以通过蛛网的振动知道有东西落到蛛网上了。故选B项。2What does the underlined word “They” in Paragraph 2 probably refer to?AInsects. BStrings.CSpiders. DVibrations.A解析：代词指代题。根据第二段的“Spiders catch their food. across their webs.”可知，蜘蛛在它们的蛛网上捕食，一般捕到的都是昆虫。它们制造出传遍整张蛛网的小振动。所以They指代的是昆虫。3Which of the following statements is TRUE?ASilk produces vibrations as the strings of a guitar do.BFemale spiders make special sounds to attract a partner.CHunting will be hard for spiders if the silk is loose.DThe tightness of silk cant be adjusted once its made.C解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段的“By controlling the tightness of the material, they can effectively control how information is getting to them”可知，蛛网的紧密度对蜘蛛捕猎至关重要，故选C项。4The text mainly tells readers _ Aguitars and spider webs are similarBspider webs have various functionsCspiders are skillful in hunting insectsDvibrations are vital in a spiders lifeD解析：主旨大意题。根据整篇文章的叙述，尤其是第二段中的最后一句可知，D项正确。*语法填空。The truth_1_trees are vital to our life is not a secret. They provide us with food, wood and most _2_(important), oxygen. Now there is one more thing we can add to this listblocking out harmful bacteria from water.The discovery _3_(make) by a team consisting of scientists from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and high school students_4_were seeking a natural water filterone that would help munities in developing countries that do not have _5_(accessible) to modern water filter systems.The _6_(research), led by Professor Rohit Karnik, decided to turn to trees for help because they could allow liquid to flow through, while blocking out air bubbles.They began by cutting 1.5inchwide sections of tree bark from the branches of a white pine tree. The people related then tested the woods filtering ability by _7_(pour) water containing red dye particles of different sizes through. To their _8_(amaze), they found that it was effective in trapping all the articles. _9_(encourage), the team conducted _10_experiment, this time with water that contained bacteria. Sure enough, the sapwood held back 99% of the bacteria, allowing only 1% to flow through.1_2._3._4._5._ 6._7._ 8._ 9._10._ 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。树木对人类至关重要，本文通过两个实验证明了树木除了能够提供食物、木材、氧气等作用外，还能够隔离细菌。1that 考查同位语从句的连接词。第1空后的内容解释说明名词truth的内容，因此设空处引导同位语从句，只起连接作用，不作成分。故填that。2Importantly 考查词性转换。此处表示“最重要的是”，应用副词形式，构成固定短语most importantly，故填importantly。3was made 考查动词的时态和语态。分析句子结构可知，此处动词在句中作谓语。根据全文主体时态为一般过去时可知，该句也应用一般过去时；make与discovery之间为动宾关系，故应用被动语态。4who/that 考查定语从句的引导词。设空处引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，先行词是scientists and high school students，指人，故用who或that引导。5access 考查词性转换。have access to为固定短语，意为“有使用的机会”。6researchers 考查词性转换及名词的数。根据本句中的decided to可知，设空处应填名词作句子主语，指“研究人员”，且由从句中的they可知，故应用复数形式researchers。7pouring 考查非谓语动词。提示词为动词pour，空前为介词by，其后应用动名词。故填pouring。8amazement 考查固定用法。“to ones名词”为固定用法，意为“令某人的是”，故填amazement。9Encouraged 考查非谓语动词。encourage与主语the team之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故应用过去分词形式，在句中作原因状语。10another 考查限定词。根据第10空后的内容可知，这个小组又做了另外一个实验，故填another，意为“另一个”。*完形填空。We rarely get a chance to see pure care and love for those who need it most. And this story will 1 serve to remind us there is still lots of good in the world and that we are responsible for 2 that goodness. Ms Noriza, 49 years old, was walking in the street when she smelt a(an) 3 smell. She noticed many people were holding their 4 and hurried by. Looking around she found an old man in a wheelchair vomiting (呕吐)and his clothes were made 5. “Nobody was helping him even though he looked so 6, ” Ms Noriza explained. She found some people were not only not doing something about it, but were plaining. The 7 was more than she could bear. 8, she went up to help. She went and bought a pair of shorts and a T-shirt in a nearby store and helped the old man get 9. After that, she acpanied him back to his flat 10 she went to work. There was kindness shown by some other 11, including Mr Goh. He was so 12 by what Ms Noriza had done that he got his friend to 13 the press of this story. “Her 14 towards a stranger moved me. It was 15 and plete kindness, ” said Mr Goh. Sometimes we are so focused on conflicts, arguments and all sorts of 16 things that we forget that the world is what it is because of us. If we want to see a society full of love, we should deliver that 17 through our actions and our lives. So next time we are given this priceless 18 to touch someone elses life, let us 19 the moment and do something good, not just for the society, but for our 20 as well. 【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文, 介绍了Ms Noriza在大街上帮助素不相识的老人的事情。通过本文作者呼吁人们要相信善良, 秉承善良, 传播善良, 让社会变得更加美好。1. A. approximatelyB. hopefullyC. finally D. merely【解析】选B。approximately大约; hopefully有希望地; finally最后; merely仅仅。在文章末段作者发表了自己的感慨, 由此判断作者讲述这个故事的目的是希望人们能够把善良的美德传播开来, 故选B。2. A. spreadingB. praisingC. searching D. discovering【解析】选A。spread 传播; praise表扬; search搜寻; discover发现。从文章最后两段内容可知作者希望人们用善良来驱逐冷漠, 用道德来传递温暖, 鼓励人们亲身去做, 而不局限于仅仅去发现或者表扬善良的行为, 故选A。3. A. strongB. fragrantC. sweet D. unpleasant【解析】选D。strong 强壮的; fragrant芳香的; sweet 甜的; unpleasant不愉快的。根据下文内容可知Ms Noriza闻到的是老人的呕吐物的味道, 当然不会好闻, 故选D。4. A. earsB. eyesC. noses D. mouths【解析】选C。从当时的情景可知老人的呕吐物发出难闻的味道, 路过的人都捏着鼻子, hold ones nose“捏紧鼻子”。故选C。5. A. wetB. dirtyC. wrinkled D. broken【解析】选B。wet潮湿的; dirty脏的; wrinkled有褶皱的; broken破损的。根据语境可知坐在轮椅上的老人呕吐时把衣服弄脏了, 故选B。6. A. pitifulB. desperate C. hopelessD. merciful【解析】选A。pitiful可怜的; desperate绝望的; hopeless 没希望的; merciful仁慈的。在此Ms Noriza指老人的状况很可怜, 令人同情, 故选A。7. A. actionB. smellC. wordD. sight【解析】选D。上文Ms Noriza描述了当时的情景, 她对没人帮助老人的这种情形看不下去, 故选D。8. A. HoweverB. BesidesC. ThereforeD. Otherwise【解析】选C。however然而; besides 此外; therefore因此; otherwise否则。从语境可知此处表示因果关系, 故选C。9. A. cleanedB. dressedC. changedD. shaved【解析】选C。clean 清洁; dress打扮; change换; shave剃。根据上文可知老人把衣服弄脏了, 而且Ms Noriza给他买了新衣服, 由此判断她帮他换上干净的衣服, get changed “换衣服”, 故选C。10. A. beforeB. untilC. afterD. when【解析】选A。从常识和语境可知善良的Ms Noriza先送老人回家, 然后去上班, 故选A。11. A. customersB. passers-byC. women D. salesmen【解析】选B。从上文中的 “She noticed many people were holding their and hurried by”. 可知Ms Noriza只是在大街上路过, 所以选B。12. A. attractedB. encouragedC. inspiredD. touched【解析】选D。attract吸引; encourage鼓励; inspire激励; touch触动。根据下文Mr Goh说的话 “. . . towards a stranger moved me. ”可知他被Ms Noriza的行为感动了, 故选D。13. A. warnB. convinceC. remindD. inform【解析】选D。warn 警告; convince使人信服; remind 提醒; inform通知。从语境可知Mr Goh让他的朋友把Ms Noriza的善良行为告诉了媒体, 故选D。14. A. politenessB. honestyC. selflessnessD. carefulness【解析】选C。politeness礼貌; honesty诚实; selflessness无私; carefulness认真。根据故事内容以及后句中的plete kindness可知此处Mr Goh指Ms Noriza对待一个素不相识的人的那份善良和无私, 故选C。15. A. pureB. simpleC. monD. unusual【解析】选A。pure纯的; simple 简单的; mon常见的; unusual不同寻常的。根据and连接并列成分前后一致的原则可以判断填pure, 表示不带有其他目的、纯粹的, 故选A。16. A. mentalB. negativeC. positiveD. practical【解析】选B。mental精神的; negative消极的; positive 积极的; practical实际的。根据前面列举的名词conflicts, arguments可知此处指一些消极、负面的事情, 故选B。17. A. mottoB. messageC. speech D. solution【解析】选B。motto 箴言; message信息; speech 演讲; solution解决方法。从if从句的内容可知如果人们想要一个充满爱的社会, 那么就需要通过我们的行为来传递这种信息, 故选B。18. A. gift B. situation C. experienceD. opportunity【解析】选D。gift礼物, 天赋; situation 情形; experience经历, 经验; opportunity机会。在文中作者呼吁人们要在别人需要帮助的时候, 伸出援助之手, 由此可知此处指当人们遇到这样的事情, 即有机会去传递爱心的时候, 不要错过这个机会, 故选D。19. A. seize B. findC. celebrate D. seek【解析】选A。seize 抓住; find 发现; celebrate 庆祝; seek寻求。从上文可知作者希望人们遇到此事时, 把美好、善良传递下去, 希望人们抓住机会。故选A。20. A. memoriesB. parentsC. souls D. future【解析】选C。memory 记忆; parent 父母; soul 灵魂; future将来。俗话说: 赠人玫瑰, 手留余香。善意的行为不仅传播善良和美好, 也给自己带来快乐, 让心灵得到洗礼和升华。故选C。*短文改错。This is my fifth day at the summer camp. Life isnt exact what I expected. We have to get up early to make our beds before our teacher Miss Li e to inspect. After breakfast, we have some of free time. Yesterday morning I went fishing, but the only thing I catch was a tree branch. In the afternoon, there are different activity like horseback riding and hiking. Theyre fun, so nothing new for me. In the evening, everyone is assigned a different task to get dinner ready. Yesterday, I was in charge of prepare the hot dogs, but I accidentally dropped it in the fire. The best part of camp is at night, where we sit around a campfire and tell stories.答案：This is my fifth day at the summer camp. Life isnt what I expected. We have to get up early to make our beds before our teacher Miss Li to inspect. After breakfast, we have some free time. Yesterday morning I went fishing, but the only thing I was a tree branch. In the afternoon, there are different like horseback riding and hiking. Theyre fun, nothing new for me. In the evening, everyone is assigned a different task to get dinner ready. Yesterday, I was in charge of the hot dogs, but I accidentally dropped in the fire. The best part of camp is at night, we sit around a campfire and tell stories.难项分析：第一处：exactexactly考查副词。此处修饰谓语动词应用副词。第六处：sobut考查连词。前后两分句之间为转折关系，故用but。第十处：wherewhen考查定语从句的引导词。此处先行词为at night，关系词指代先行词且在从句中作时间状语，故应用when引导。*
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