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Unit 3A healthy life【短文语法填空】How would you use a radio or a telephone 1. you had no electricity or batteries?These problems bothered British inventor Trevor Baylis.So in 1996 he 2.(invent) a wind-up(装有发条的) radio which doesnt need electricity or batteries.You wind it up 3. hand.It plays for about an hour.Then you wind it up again.After three years,Baylis invented a mobile phone 4. is powered by shoes.The shoes contain a small battery that 5.(power) when you walk.This battery is connected to a mobile phone.These two simple inventions can bring modern 6.(municate) to all parts of the world.Baylis doesnt have 7. university degree in engineering.In fact,he left high school before 8.(graduate).He just loves making things 9.(help) people.He never knows when ideas will e to him.The idea for the mobile phone 10.(sudden) came to him in a dream.答案1.if2.invented3.by4.that/which5.is powered6.munications7.a8.graduating/graduation9.to help10.suddenly(对应学生用书P143)一高考单词识记思考运用1核心词汇_abuse_ n& vt.滥用；虐待stress n压力；重音 vt.加压力于；使紧张 _stressful_ adj.产生压力的；紧张的 _stressed_ adj.焦虑不安的_ban_ vt.& n禁止；取缔；禁令；谴责automatic adj.无意识的；自动的 _automatically_ adv.无意识地；自动地mental adj.精神的；智力的_mentally_ adv.精神上；智力上 _physical_ (反义词)身体的；肉体的effect n结果；效力 _effective_ adj.有效的strong adj.强壮的 _strength_ n力量 _strengthen_ vt.加强；变强_desperate_ adj.绝望的；拼命的disappointed adj.失望的；沮丧的_disappointing_ adj.令人失望的 _disappoint_ vt.使失望；使扫兴 _disappointment_ n失望；沮丧2常考词汇tough adj._困难的，强硬的_abnormal adj._畸形的，异常的_addicted adj._入了迷的；上了瘾的_addiction n_沉溺；嗜好_addictive adj._使人上瘾的_addict vt._使上瘾_n_有瘾的人_accustom vt._使习惯于_accustomed adj._惯常的；习惯了的_survival n_幸存_prejudice n_偏见；成见_用所给单词的适当形式填空1The proposal put forward by Dobrindt aims to help promote fully _automatic_ (automatically) driving.(2017天津卷)2One idea is that sleep helps us _strengthen_ (strength) new memories.(2017北京卷)3In a word, the trip will be both _ relaxing_ (relax) and rewarding, which is bound to be a memorable experience for you.(2017北京卷)4The next time youre standing at the sink waiting for it to fill while cooking noodle soup that youll have to eat until a large bag of cash falls out of the sky, dont be _desperate_ (desperately)(2017天津卷)5This observation hints (暗示；线索) that _effective_ (effect) embryonic (胚胎的) learning (胎教) could signal neurological (神经系统的) strengths of children to parents.(2017江苏卷)6Other European countries laid down a similar requirement for immigrants, and some terms are even _tougher_ (tough)(2017浙江卷)7I had grown not only _physically_ (physical)，but also mentally in the past few years.(2017全国卷)8If you feel _stressed_ (stress) by responsibilities at work，you should take a step back and identify(识别)those of greater and less importance.(2016全国卷)“结果，效果”家族effect n结果；效力，影响，作用result n结果，效果oute n结果consequence n结果，后果impact n影响，作用influence n影响，作用后缀en构成的必备动词集锦brighten 使发亮deepen 使加深frighten 使惊恐loosen 放松sharpen 削尖soften 弄软shorten 缩短strengthen 加强threaten 威胁weaken 减弱以able/ible为后缀的高频单词速记acceptable adj.可接受的；受欢迎的accessible adj.容易取得的；容易接近的admirable adj.令人钦佩的；值得赞美的available adj.可利用的；可得到的fortable adj.舒适的；惬意的fashionable adj.流行的；时髦的courage 相关单词一览courage n勇气encourage vt. 鼓励encouragement n. 鼓励encouraging adj. 鼓舞人心的discourage vt. 使泄气discouragement n. 泄气；灰心“able”家族able adj.能够的ability n. 能力disabled adj. 伤残的disability n. 伤残；无力【完形填空】Mildred Webinga Freeman was an English teacher at the new middle school I attended in the ninth grade.She wasnt my _1_；she was the adviser to the safety patrol(巡逻队)on which I _2_.I loved being around her and _3_ her sense of humor and kind personality.She was _4_ a good listener.At the end of the year，she _5_ that she was moving to Florida，and I was very sad.We exchanged _6_ and became pen pals.I could tell her _7_，and she treated me _8_ respect even though I was a teenager.In Florida，Mrs.Freeman became a Realtor(房地产经纪人), _9_ she managed to find time to write letters.She wrote _10_ stories and always took my concerns _11_.She had given me a(n) _12_ invitation to visit，and I missed her so much.When I _13_ to take her up on the _14_ ，she answered，“Get your shoes on and your bags _15_ ！You are wele anytime！”I spent three weeks with her in Miami.Her _16_ of poetry，music，and creative writing _17_ me to follow these endeavors(努力)One day _18_ hanging sheets on the clothesline，she _19_ and said，“You know，the sky is fuel for the soul.”I had never looked at the _20_ before hearing those words.Two years later，I received a call that Mrs.Freeman had passed away.1A.mother BfriendCclassmate Dteacher2A.served BadvisedCexpected Dled3A.shared BenjoyedCimagined Dfound4A.never BjustCstill Dalso5A.knew BannouncedCthought Drealized6A.addresses BgiftsCviews Droles7A.many BmuchCeverything Dsomething8A.in BasCwith Dto9A.so BbutCor Dfor10A.amusing BdifferentCemotional Dordinary11A.immediately BcarefullyCseriously Dprivately12A.urgent BluckyCambiguous Dopen13A.decided BhesitatedCwrote Dhurried14A.offer BpromiseCexcuse Dmessage15A.bought BfoundCfilled Dpacked16A.love BdreamCsense Dfeeling17A.persuaded BencouragedCforced Dallowed18A.before BonceCwhile Dafter19A.looked over Blooked outClooked up Dlooked down20A.clouds BflowersCpeople Dhouses【解题导语】本文主要讲述了作者在中学期间和一名英语老师之间的故事。【核心词汇】adviser n顾问pen pal笔友concern n担心的事，关切的事1D根据上文中的“Mildred Webinga Freeman was an English teacher at the new middle school I attended in the ninth grade”和空后的“she was the adviser to the safety patrol(巡逻队)”可推知，Mildred Webinga Freeman不是作者的老师(teacher)，下文中的“and became pen pals”也是提示。2A根据语境并结合选项可知，作者当时也在巡逻队里。serve“为工作”。3B根据空前的“I loved being around her”可知，作者喜欢(enjoyed)老师的幽默感和善良的品质。4D根据上文中的“an English teacher”和“the adviser”可知，本句是对这位老师身份的补充说明。她也(also)是一个好的倾听者。5B根据语境可知，老师宣布(announced)了一个消息，她要搬到佛罗里达州了，作者感到很伤心。6A根据上文中的“At the end of the year, she _5_ that she was moving to Florida”和空后的“and became pen pals”可推知，作者和老师互换了地址(addresses)，成了笔友。7C根据上文中的“and became pen pals”与空后的“she treated me _8_ respect even though I was a teenager”可推知，作者与老师无话不谈，这与上文作者乐于和老师相处的背景呼应。故选C。8C固定搭配：treat sb.with sth.意为“以某种态度/方式对待某人”，符合语境，故选C。9B根据空后的“she managed to find time to write letters”可推知，上下文表示转折关系。故选B。10A根据上文中的“I loved being around her and _3_ her sense of humor and kind personality”可推知，老师很幽默，总是给作者讲一些好笑的(amusing)故事。11Ctake sb./sth.seriously为固定搭配，意为“认真对待某人/某事”。老师认真对待作者所关切的事情。12D根据下文中的“You are wele anytime”可推知，老师欢迎作者随时来访，an open invitation为习语，意为“随时可以来访的邀请”，符合语境，故选D。urgent“急迫的”；ambiguous“模棱两可的”。13C根据上文中的“We exchanged _6_ and became pen pals”可推知，作者写信(wrote)告诉老师，他接受她的提议(offer)。14A参见上题解析。offer“提供，提议”。15D因为作者要去看望老师，因此老师建议作者收拾行李(packed)，随时欢迎作者的到来。16A老师对诗歌、音乐和文学创作的热爱(love)激励(encouraged)着作者去努力。17B参见上题解析。18C一天，当老师正在把床单挂在晒衣绳上的时候，她抬头看(looked up)到了天空而有所感悟。while“当时”。19C参见上题解析。20A根据上文中的“You know, the sky is fuel for the soul”并结合选项可知，当时老师看了天空，此处指的应是天上的云(clouds)。二重点短语识记思考运用1动词介词/副词decide _on_ 对作出决定get _into_ 陷入；染上(坏习惯)throw _away_ 扔掉2be形容词tobe addicted _to_ 对有瘾be accustomed _to_ 习惯于be likedly _to_ 可能3介词名词_at_ risk 处境危险；遭受危险4其他形式due _to_ 由于feel _like_ (doing) 想要(做)in spite _of_ 不顾；不管用左栏所给短语的适当形式填空1For example, most of us would expect older drivers always go slower than everyone else but surprisingly, we found that in 30mph zones they struggled to keep at a constant speed and so _were_ more _likely_ to break the speed limit and be _at risk_ of getting fined.(2017全国卷)2Sharing the latest rumor can make a person feel important.Similarly，hearing the latest rumor can make a person _feel like_ part of the“in group.”(2016浙江卷)3Were _accustomed to_ having one thing in our pocket to do all these things.(2013福建卷)4He unfortunately passed away last year _due to_ his cancer.(2015江苏卷)5Some students _are addicted to_ playing puter games and some often cheat in the exams.(2015广东卷)6“Have you _decided on_ a date for your wedding？”the girls mother asked.“be过去分词to”必备短语一览be accustomed to 习惯于be devoted to 献身于，专心于be opposed to 反对，不赞成be related to 与有关be used to 习惯于be reduced to (某人)沦落为be limited to 限制于be addicted to 对有瘾get构成的必备短语荟萃get in touch with 与取得联系get into the habit of 养成/染上的习惯get into a panic 陷入恐慌get on 上车；穿上；进步get on/upon with 进步；相处；在方面获得成功get off 送走；脱下(衣服)；下车；动身“因为，由于”的多种表达due to由于；因为because of 由于；因为owing to 由于；因为thanks to 多亏；由于as a result of 由于的结果on account of 由于三佳句选粹在解读中学懂，在仿写中学通背原句学句型练仿写1.As you know，if you do the same thing over and over again，you begin to do it automatically.你知道，如果你反反复复地做同一件事，你就会自动地做它。as引导非限制性定语从句。正如我们知道的，除了美味的水饺，敬老院的老人也需要温暖和关爱。_As we know_，besides tasty dumplings，what elderly people in the nursing home also need is warmth and care.2.I do hope so because I want you to live as long and healthy a life as I have.我的确希望如此，因为我想让你和我一样活得健康长寿。(1)“do动词原形”表示强调结构。(2)“asadj.a(n)单数可数名词as.”结构。尽管戒烟对我父亲很难，但最终他确实戒掉了。It was very difficult for my father to quit smoking，but in the end he _did manage it_.事实上，戒掉一个坏习惯付出的努力与养成一个好习惯是一样的。As a matter of fact，getting rid of a bad habit is _as much an effort as_ forming a good one.3.It is only when the disease has progressed to AIDS that a person begins to look sick.只有当疾病发展成艾滋病时，他才开始看上去有病。It is.that.为强调句型。正是当我到达电影院后我才意识到我把电影票忘在家里了。_It was when I arrived at the cinema that_ I realized I had left my ticket at home.【短文改错】With the development of science and technology，intelligent robots will be wide used in the future. At home，robots will help people do some housework and taking care of the elderly，babies and patients.In addition to these task，robots will even be able to play the chess and do exercise with people.In factories，robots will be used to perform some dangerous jobs avoid accidents.Robots will change our future life by many ways，what will make it more colorful and fortable.Therefore，we shouldnt depend on intelligent robots too much，for they were made to help humans rather than replace us.As helpers of we humans，robots should be used properly.【答案】With the development of science and technology，intelligent robots will be used in the future. At home，robots will help people do some housework and care of the elderly，babies and p atients.In addition to these ，robots will even be able to play chess and do exercise with people.In factories，robots will be used to perform some dangerous jobs avoid accidents.Robots will change our future life many ways， will make it more colorful and fortable.，we shouldnt depend on intelligent robots too much，for they made to help humans rather than replace us.As helpers of humans，robots should be used properly.第一处：widewidely。考查副词。修饰动词，故用副词。wide也可作副词，意为“尽可能广地”，不符合语境。第二处：takingtake。考查固定用法。根据该句中的“help people do some housework and”可知，此处应用原形；help sb.(to) do sth.为固定用法。第三处：tasktasks。考查名词的数。task为可数名词，根据该词前的these可知，应用复数形式。第四处：删除the。考查冠词。play chess为固定用法，意为“下象棋”；棋类名词前不用冠词。第五处：jobs后加to。考查动词不定式。在工厂里，机器人将被用于执行危险任务，以避免事故。分析句子结构可知，应用动词不定式表目的。第六处：byin。考查介词。in many ways意为“在很多方面”。第七处：whatwhich。考查关系代词。分析该句结构可知，该句为非限制性定语从句，且先行词为ways，故用which引导该定语从句。第八处：ThereforeHowever。考查副词。上句说，机器人将改变我们未来的生活，使我们的生活多彩而舒适；该句说，我们不能过度依赖智能机器人；据此可知，两句间为转折关系，故用However。第九处：wereare。考查动词的时态。机器人是被用来帮助人类的，而不是来代替人类的。该句陈述的是客观事实，故用一般现在时。第十处：weus。考查代词。of后接宾语，故用宾格us。
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