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Unit 16 Stories(一)课前自主学习.阅读单词知其意1vivid adj.生动的，逼真的2dizzy adj. 头晕目眩的3princess n. 纵联1 公主，王妃4awesome adj. 令人敬畏的5authentic adj. 原作的；真正的6characteristic adj. 典型的7uncertain adj. 不确定的8precious adj. 纵联2 宝贵的，珍贵的9precise adj. 准确的，精确的10stubborn adj. 倔强的，固执的11awkward adj. 笨拙的；令人不舒服的12monument n. 纪念碑，纪念堂.重点单词写其形1tiresome adj. 纵联3 讨厌的，令人厌倦的2specific adj. 详细的；特定的3tremble vi. 颤抖，发抖4loss n. 遗失，丢失5plex adj. 复杂的6tense adj. 紧张的7breakthrough n. 纵联4 突破，重大发现8abandon vt. 放弃，遗弃 9preserve vt. 保护，保存 10witness v. 目击 11occur vi. 发生 12gather v. 聚集 13sympathy vi. & vt. 同情 14burst vi. 爆炸；冲，闯 15eager adj. 渴望的，热衷的16warmth n. 温暖17severe_adj. 严重的；严厉的18._apparent adj. 明显的，显而易见的.拓展单词通其变1musical adj.音乐的 n音乐剧，音乐片music n音乐musician n音乐家2abnormal adj.反常的，不正常的normal adj.正常的；通常的3admirable adj.令人钦佩的admire vt.尊敬；钦佩admiration n尊敬；钦佩4significance n重要性；意义significant adj.重大的；有重要意义的5origin n起源，开端；出身original adj.最初的；起先的6restriction n限制，约束restrict vt.限制，约束7particularly adv.特别地；特定地particular adj.特别的；挑剔的8unbearable adj.不能忍受的bearable adj.可忍受的bear v忍耐9. discourage vt.使泄气，使灰心discouraged adj.气馁的，泄气的courage n勇气encourage vt.鼓励10suffering n痛苦，困难suffer v遭受11imitation n模仿imitate_ v模仿，仿效12gradual adj.逐渐的gradually adv.逐渐地纵联1.后缀“ess”高频名词actress女演员 waitress女服务员governess女家庭教师 tailoress女裁缝conductress女售票员 hostess女主人princess公主，王妃纵联2.“价值”形容词知多少precious宝贵的 valuable有价值的worth有价值的 worthy有价值的priceless无价的 worthless/valueless无价值的纵联3.后缀“some”形容词集锦troublesome引起麻烦的 handsome英俊的awesome令人敬畏的 boresome烦人的fearsome可怕的 tiresome讨厌的纵联4.趣味“合成词”荟萃breakthrough n突破 pickpocket n扒手daybreak n破晓 sunrise n日出bathroom n浴室 webpage n网页单元话题历史故事子话题1历史名人Tsu ChungChi祖冲之 Marx马克思 Newton牛顿 Mark Twain马克吐温 Shakespeare莎士比亚 Clinton克林顿Zidane齐达内 Ronaldo罗纳尔多子话题2历史事件Assassination at Sarajevo 拉热窝事件Meiji Restoration 治维新French Revolution 国大革命Enclosure Movement 地运动Industrial Revolution 业革命Battle of Waterloo 铁卢战役Iron and Blood 血政策The Age of Steam 汽时代子话题3组织名称National assembly 民议会the Anglican Church 国国教mune of Paris 黎公社First International 一国际International Workingmens Association国际工人协会munist League 产主义者同盟 学考对接活学活用高考采撷(一)阅读中的词汇应用1(2017全国卷阅读C)Some of the worlds most famous musicians recently gathered in Paris and New Orleans to celebrate the first annual International Jazz Day.UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) recently set April 30 as a day to raise awareness of jazz music, its (significant), and its potential as a unifying (联合) voice across cultures.写出加黑词在本单元的同根形容词：musical，加黑词所在句子应翻译为世界上一些最著名的音乐家最近聚集在巴黎和新奥尔良来庆祝第一届国际爵士乐节。写出加黑词在此处的汉语意思：聚集用所给词的适当形式填空：significance2(2015全国卷阅读B)When we touched down to blue skies and warm air, I sent up a small prayer of gratefulness. Swimming pools, wine tasting, and pink sunsets (at normal evening hours, not 4 in the afternoon) filled the weekend, but the best part (particular) to my taste, dulled by months of coldweather root vegetables was a 7 am. adventure to the Sarasota farmers market that proved to be more than worth the early wakeup call.写出加黑词在本单元的同根名词：warmth写出加黑词在本单元的反义词：abnormal用所给词的适当形式填空：particularly，空处所在句中词汇filled可用短语were_filled_with进行升级高考采撷(二)写作中的词汇应用(根据汉语及提示词翻译句子)1(2018浙江高考书面表达)我热衷于和他人用英语交流，特别是当我向学生介绍中国的时候。(eager, particularly)Im_eager_to_municate_with_others_in_English,_particularly_when_I_introduce_China_to_students.2(2018江苏高考书面表达)每个判断来自特定的需要或独特的心理状态。很显然，盲目跟从他人的建议会影响我们自己的判断。(specific, apparent)Every_judgment_es_from_a_specific_need_or_a_unique_psychological_state._It_is_apparent_that_blindly_following_others_advice_will_affect_our_own_judgment.3(2013辽宁高考书面表达)我们最喜欢的是一起赏月。明月高悬，我们聚在 一起，吃着月饼和水果，各自说着我们的故事。(gather) What_we_love_most_is_the_time_when_we_admire_the_full_moon_together.With_the_bright_moon_up_in_the_sky,_we_gather_together_and_eat_moon_cakes_and_fruit,_sharing_our_stories. (二)课堂重点释疑1abandon vt.放弃，遗弃；沉湎于(某种情感)n.U放任，放纵记牢(1)abandon oneself to溺于，纵情于abandon doing sth. 弃做某事(2)with abandon 情地，放任地(3)abandoned adj. 遗弃的，废弃的；无约束的练通单句语法填空Many young people decided to abandon buying (buy) houses in big cities because of the high price.They saw the abandoned (abandon) vehicle and knew he had managed to flee on foot.完成句子Those who abandon_themselves_to despair can not succeed.那些自暴自弃的人无法成功。写美(2018天津高考书面表达)我知道你对设计机器人很投入，并且你曾获得机器人大赛一等奖。因此，你是最合适的人。I_know_you_abandon_yourself_to_designing_robots_and_have_won_first_prize_in_the_Robotics_petition._Therefore,_you_are_the_most_suitable_person.2occur (occurred, occurred) vi.发生；出现；被想起记牢sth. occurs/occurred to sb.事被某人想起It occurs/occurred to sb. that . 人想起It occurs/occurred to sb. to do sth. 人想起做某事练通完成句子Suddenly a_good_idea_occurred_to_her,_but she didnt know how to speak it out.她突然想到了一个好主意，但是她不知道如何说出来。I suppose_it_didnt_occur_to_you_to_phone the police.我想你根本就没想到打电话报警吧。It_had_never_occurred_to_him_that he might be falling in love with Mary.他从来没想到他会和玛丽谈恋爱。写美(2016全国卷书面表达)我本来打算去的，但我突然想起我还有一些作业要做。I_had_meant_to_go,_but_it_occurred_to_me_that_I_had_some_homework_to_do.联想表示“某人突然想到”还可用“It hit(s)/strikes (struck) sb.从句”结构，it在句中作形式主语。3burst vi.爆炸；冲，闯；突然发生n.爆发，突发辨清写出下列句中burst的含义That balloon will burst if you blow it up any more. 爆炸The police burst in and arrested the thief. 冲，闯The door burst open and Tom ran into the room.突然发生记牢(1)burst into/in突然闯进；破门而入burst out 突然迸发；爆发burst into tears/laughterburst out crying/laughing 突然大哭/大笑burst with anger/joy/grief 勃然大怒/乐不可支/悲痛欲绝(2)a burst of 一阵练通单句语法填空To our relief, the disease didnt burst out as expected.His partner meanwhile, burst into the room, gun in hand.His appearance on the platform was greeted with a burst of applause.When she heard the news that her son won the game, she burst with joy.句型转换Hearing this, the whole class burst out laughing, and my deskmates face turned red. Hearing this, the whole class burst into laughter,_and my deskmates face turned red.写美(2014安徽高考书面表达)首先，无需生气；其次，和你信任的朋友谈谈你的感受，这是发泄愤怒又不伤害他人或自己的好方式。First,_it_is_not_necessary_to_burst_with_anger._Second,_talk_to_someone_you_trust_about_how_you_feel,_which_is_a_good_way_of_letting_your_anger_out_without_hurting_others_or_yourself.4discourage vt.使泄气，使灰心；阻止，劝阻记牢(1)discourage sb. from doing sth.阻止某人做某事(2)discouragement n. 阻止；泄气；挫折(3)discouraged adj. 泄气的；气馁的be/get discouraged 变得灰心，泄气discouraging adj. 令人泄气的练通单句语法填空He persevered despite discouragement (discourage) from those around him.Do not let any failures discourage (courage) you, for you can never tell how close you may be to victory.The failure was a big blow to him, but he wasnt discouraged (discourage) and soon got as enthusiastic as ever. 单句改错It was discouraged that he recognized the dangers the pany was facing. discourageddiscouragingAll her strength drained out when she was discouraging in what she was doing. discouragingdiscouraged完成句子My father is a lawyer, and he discourages_me_from_entering_the_field.我父亲是一位律师，他不让我从事这个行业。写美(2015福建高考书面表达)这个故事的寓意是：不遗余力地获取知识，不管情况多么困难都不要轻易气馁。The_moral_of_the_story_is:_spare_no_effort_to_acquire_knowledge_and_never_get_discouraged_easily_no_matter_how_difficult_the_situation_may_be.5witness vt.目击；见证vi.为作证n.目击者；证人记牢(1) witness for为作证witness to (doing) sth. 证明/作证(做)某事(2)be a witness to 目击，看见；为提供证据give/bear witness to 为作证，证明练通单句语法填空His good health is a witness to the success of the treatment.The driver witnessed to having_seen (see) the man enter the building.完成句子Police have appealed to anyone who_witnessed_the_incident_to_contact_them.警方呼吁凡是目击这一事件的人与他们联系。Her latest book bears_witness_to her talent as a writer.她最近出版的书证明她是位很有才华的作家。用准witness作动词时，常用拟人化的方式陈述事实，即用事物名词直接作主语，表述既简洁又形象。有类似用法的动词还有see, find等。写美(2014天津高考书面表达)我们的城市四季分明、阳光充足、雨量充沛，但在冬天，你可能会觉得有点冷。Our_city_witnesses_four_different_seasons,_plenty_of_sunshine_and_good_rainfall,_but_in_winter_you_may_feel_a_little_cold.6significance n意义；意思；重要性；重要意义记牢(1)be of (great/no/little) significance to .对(很/不)重要attach (great) significance to 认为(很)重要(2)significant adj. 重要的；明显的练通单句语法填空/单句改错(2014江西高考)Last but not least, health is also very significant (significance) for us students.At present, for the young, economic conditions are of great significance (significant) in many ways.Putting ourselves in their shoes is of great significant when we have conflicts with friends.significantsignificance句型转换/完成句子As we all know, water is very significant to human being.As we all know, water is of great significance to human being.To be honest, a lot of people attach_great_significance_to being famous and rich.坦白的说，许多人把名和利看得很重。写美(2015江苏高考书面表达)重要的是人们要遵守交通规则，这是每个人的责任。It_is_significant_for_people_to_obey_the_traffic_rules,_which_is_everybodys_duty.联想常见“beof抽象名词”的短语：be of significancebe significantbe of importancebe importantbe of valuebe valuablebe of helpbe helpfulbe of usebe useful7preserve vt.保护，保存；维护 n动植物保护区记牢 (1)preserve sb./sth. from sth.保护免受preserve sth.adj. 把某物保存得(2)preservation n. 保护，保存练通单句语法填空The house buried underground for over 1,000 years is part of local history and should be preserved (preserve)The paintings were in an excellent state of preservation (preserve), which are of great value to our study.They were determined to preserve their students from harm.用准preserve与reserve词形相似，但reserve 意为“保留；预订”。写美(2010全国卷书面表达)十名学生将以“人与自然”为题发言，目的是尽力做一切事情来维护人与自然的和谐。Ten_students_will_deliver_their_speeches_on_the_given_topic“Man_and_Nature”_so_that_we_will_do_everything_to_preserve_harmony_with_man_and_nature.词汇过关综合训练.单词拼写1The witness (目击者) was telling about the whole accident.2Frightened by the sudden thunder and lightning, the dog sat trembling (颤抖) in a corner.3Its the duty of the police to preserve (维护) the public order.4The little girl is extremely eager (渴望的) to know the result of the exam.5It occurred (想起) to him that he should go to see a dentist.6On hearing their teacher calling them, they all gathered (聚集) around him quickly.7The schemes investors, fearful of bankruptcy, decided to abandon (放弃) the project.8The book assesses the significance (意义) of Stalins policies between 1927 and 1939.9I had no_sympathy (同情) for students who got caught cheating in exams.10A water pipe burst (爆裂) and the entire apartment was flooded.单句语法填空1If you meet with any difficulty in your study, dont be discouraged (discourage)2She shut the door heavily and burst out crying (cry)3It suddenly occurred to him that they should take some measures to preserve the old tree standing alongside the street.4The following months was a witness to my efforts, and I finally made great progress in another important exam.5Social activities usually preserve old people from the loneliness of old age.6When he turned around the street corner, the pet dog abandoned (abandon) by its owner came into view.7Few people realized the significance (significant) of the discovery.8After moving to the new town, I gradually (gradual) accustomed myself to the surroundings.单句改错1The reference book I bought yesterday is of great significant to your history.significantsignificance2They abandoned carry out the plan because of the lack of money.carrycarrying3Always keep in mind that dont get discouraging easily because of any failure.discouragingdiscouraged4They burst into laughing seeing him fall down the stairs.intoout或laughinglaughter 5It suddenly occurred him that he had left his keys in the office.occurred后加_to.完成句子1His parents are trying to discourage_him_from_being_an_actor.他的父母竭力阻止他当演员。2Hearing the song Where is all the time, she abandoned_herself_to_sadness.听着歌曲时间都去哪儿了，她沉浸于悲伤之中。3The factory set up the year before is_of_great_significance to this areas economy.前年建立的这个工厂对这一地区的经济非常重要。4The ancient Egyptians knew ways to_preserve_dead_bodies_from decay.古埃及人懂得保护尸体免受腐烂的方法。5The Sichuan earthquake_gave_witness_to_the_kindness_of_strangers in an emergency.四川地震见证了危难中的那些素不相识者的善举。(一)课前自主学习1._e_into_view 出现2._knock_sb._over 撞倒某人3once_upon_a_time 从前4._block_out 堵住5in_a_way 串记1 从某种程度上说6on_ones_side_ 侧身，在某人一边7split_up 使解散；决裂8name_.after_ 以命名9e_across 偶然遇见；被理解10hold_up 支撑起；延误，推迟11count_on_ 串记2 依靠；指望；确信12._figure_out_ 理解13end_up 以结束14put_up_with 容忍，忍受15in_particular串记3 特别，尤其16refer_to 查阅；提到；涉及；提交17on_the_way_to 在去的路上18now_that 既然，由于同根短语串记串记1.“way”短语全接触in a way在某种程度上 in the way挡道；碍事all the way一路上；自始至终 on the way在途中by the way顺便说一下 No way！俚没门！in no way一点也不；决不 by way of路经；经过across the way在对面 in this way用这种方法串记2.“指望，依靠”短语万花筒count on depend onrely on figure onlean on calculate on串记3.“inn.”短语联想in particular尤其，特别 in turn依次，反过来in mon共同，共用 in detail详细地in general普遍地，一般地 in use在使用中1preserve a frozen moment 保存了一个被封存了的瞬间2leave a deep impression on Pliny给普林尼留下了深刻印象3a_superb teacher 一位出色的老师4a burst of_understanding 突然明白5in_a flash 一会儿，马上6admire the ancient architecture 欣赏古老建筑7in their last hours of life 在他们生命的最后时刻8give Helen a big hug 紧紧拥抱了海伦一下9point to my heart 指着我的心1Now_that Helen understood the key to language, she was very eager to learn more and use it as much as she could.既然海伦理解了语言之谜，她非常渴望学习更多的词语并且尽可能多地使用它们。2Her words puzzled me very much because I did not then understand anything unless_I_touched_it.她的话使我感到非常困惑，因为那时我若不用手去摸，我就什么都不理解。3It_was_the_first_time Helen had_understood such a plex word a word for something she couldnt touch.这是海伦第一次理解这么复杂的单词一个代表她触碰不到的东西的单词。4And so the day went on, until finally I climbed, tired_and_ashamed,_into bed.于是那天就这样继续下去，直到最后我爬上床，既疲惫又羞愧。学考对接活学活用高考采撷(一)阅读中的词块与句式1(2015陕西高考阅读C)The shade of the forest trees provides a home for birds and other species (物种) that depend on the trees flowers and fruits. (用本单元短语替换加黑词汇)count_on2(2015湖北高考阅读E)David Brooks, author of The Social Animal: The Hidden Sources of Love, Character, and Achievement, appears to be the latest in a long line of writers who have failed to resist the temptation.(用本单元短语升级加黑词汇)es_into_view高考采撷(二)写作中的词式与句式(根据汉语及提示翻译句子)1(2018全国卷书面表达)从某种程度上说，很值得提及的是我们的棒球队在全国中学生棒球锦标赛中两次获奖。(in a way)In_a_way,_it_is_worth_mentioning_that_our_volleyball_team_won_the_championship_twice_in_national_middle_school_volleyball_matches.2(2013湖南高考书面表达)一方面，我们认为友谊第一，比赛第二。另一方面，既然我们尽力了，我们就没有什么遗憾。(now that)On_the_one_hand,_we_think_that_friendship_es_first,_and_a_match_es_second._On_the_other_hand,_now_that_we_all_tried_our_best,_we_had_no_regret. (二)课堂重点释疑 短语集释1e across 偶然遇见；被理解记牢e out出现；出版；(花)开放；结果是e about 发生e up 发生，出现，走近；被提出e up with 提出；想出e to 总计；达到(某状况)；苏醒when it es to (doing) sth.当谈及(做)某事练通完成句子(2014湖北高考)Is this your necklace, Mary? I came_across it when I was cleaning the bathroom this morning.玛丽，这是你的项链吗？今天早上我打扫浴室时偶然发现的。I can use the puter. When_it_es_to_repairing_it,_I know nothing.我会使用电脑，但谈到修电脑，我一无所知。Tom is the only one of the engineers who has e_up_with the solution.汤姆就是唯一提出解决方案的工程师。How did it e_about that he knew where we were?他是怎么知道我们在什么地方的呢？写美(2013浙江高考书面表达)当我遇见我有不同意见这种情况时，我或许选择放弃自己的意见而尊重大多数人的意见。When_I_e_across_the_case_where_I_have_a_different_opinion,_I_may_choose_to_give_it_up_and_respect_the_opinion_of_the_majority.2put up with 容忍，忍受记牢put away放好；收起来 put aside 储蓄；储存；留出；不考虑put up 举起；张贴；建造put forward 推荐；提出；拨快(钟表等)put back 放回；拖延；拨慢(钟表等)put on 穿上；上演；增加体重put off 推迟，延期put down 写下；记下练通完成句子Its likely that the conference will_be_put_off because of the weather.这次会议有可能会因天气而被推迟。These were the arguments which Carson put_forward.这些就是卡森提出的论点。She_put_aside a small sum every week to pay for her annual holiday.她每周都存一小笔钱，留着每年度假时用。写美(2015广东高考书面表达)当谈到我的班级时，我不得不说我不能忍受一些同学的自私。When_it_es_to_my_class,_I_have_to_say_that_I_cant_put_up_with_some_classmates_selfishness.联想表示“容忍，忍受”之意的除了put up with以外，还有stand, bear, tolerate, live with等。3hold up 支撑起；延误，延迟，耽搁；举起，抬起辨清写出下列句中hold up的含义It is too low.Hold it up so that we can see it. 举起Have your passport ready so you dont hold everyone up. 耽搁，延误Women are playing a more and more important part in society they hold up half the sky.支撑起记牢hold back阻挡，抑制，控制hold on 别挂断；坚持住，挺住hold on to 抓住不放；坚持；保留hold off 拖延，不接近hold out (在困境中)坚持；伸出；维持练通完成句子No one can hold_back the wheel of history.谁也无法阻止历史前进的车轮。Can you hold_on? Ill see if he is here.你能等一下吗？我去看一看他在不在这儿。Id thought I could hold_out till my dentist came back from holiday, but the pain was really unbearable.我原想我能坚持到我的牙医度假回来，但疼痛的确让我难以忍受。写美(2015北京高考书面表达)我打算参加艰苦的龙舟训练营。如果你能坚持，我希望你也去。I_intend_to_join_a_Dragon_Boat_Training_Camp,_which_is_tough.If_you_hold_on,_Id_like_you_to_go_with_me.4count on依靠，指望；期望，料想记牢count on sth./sb.指望/依靠某事/某人count on doing sth. 指望做某事count on sb.to do/doing sth. 指望/依靠某人做某事count . in/out 把算入/不算入count down 倒计时，倒数count sb./sth. as/to be . 认为某人/某物是练通单句语法填空We are counting down the days to the end of this summer holiday.Our parents are always the people that we can really count on.Few people can count on having (have) a job for life.完成句子She counts_herself_as/to_be one of the lucky ones.她认为自己是一个幸运者。If you are going out tonight, youll have to count_me_out.假如你们今晚要出去，别把我算在内。一句多译我们只能依靠他来营救我们。We can only count on him to_rescue_us/rescuing_us.We can only count_on_it_that he will rescue us.写美(2015陕西高考书面表达)我真的想指望这次珍贵的机会，因为通过提供服务，我将会提高我的组织能力、交流技能以及在公共场合下我的自信。I_really_want_to_count_on_this_precious_opportunity,_because_by_offering_my_service,_I_will_be_able_to_improve_my_organisational_ability,_munication_skills_as_well_as_my_confidence_in_public.联想表示“指望，依靠”的短语还有depend on, rely on, figure on以及reckon on，它们后跟宾语从句时一般要用it作形式宾语，然后再接that从句。句式集释1形容词(短语)作状语教材原句And so the day went on, until finally I climbed, tired_and_ashamed,_into bed. 悟拓展例句(1)After a hard day at work, Mr. Black came back home, tired_and_hungry.一天辛苦工作后，布莱克先生回到家，又累又饿。(2)Eager_to_see_the_sunrise,_they got up at four.急于去看日出，他们4点就起床了。(3)One woman was lying in bed, awake,_listening to the rushing windows.一位女士躺在床上，没有睡着，听着那急促的风声。析用法规则用法归纳tired and ashamed为形容词(短语)作状语，它往往用于补充说明主语所处的状态，主要表示原因、方式或伴随等。可位于句首、句末或句中，常用逗号与句子其他成分隔开。背写作佳句(1)(2018江苏高考满分作文)These ratings, easy to access, are playing an increasingly important role in customers purchase decision.(开头句)(2)(2018江苏高考满分作文)Confused, I simply based my decision on the ratings.(要点句)(3)(2017全国卷满分作文)Delighted to know you are interested in Tang poems, Im writing to tell you the plan for the next class.(要点句)2now that引导原因状语从句教材原句Now_that Helen understood the key to language, she was very eager to learn more and use it as much as she could.悟拓展例句(1)(2016全国卷)But now_that information is being spread and monitored (监控) in different ways, researchers are discovering new rules.但是由于信息以不同方式传播和监控，所
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