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必修4Unit 4Body language一、阅读理解AThe biggest challenge faced by travelers especially those who like to have a backpacking trip is how to ensure a steady supply of clean clothes. Now, thanks to a great invention called the Scrubba Wash Bag, that worry may be a thine of the past.The portable washing machine was invented by Ash Newland in 2010, while he was planning to climb Mt. Kilimanjaro. Struck by the limited packing space, he got inspiration from traditional washboards to create a bag that could be used to clean clothes. Then he quitted his career as a lawyer and focused on perfecting the bags design. By 2012, the bag was ready for the public. It weighed only 180 grams and required very little storage space, making it perfect for anyone wishing to travel light.Not surprisingly, the bag worth 55 dollars was an instant hit with travelers, university students and even passengers. However, Newland was not satisfied. He still saw a disadvantage with his invention dirty clothes had to be carried around in a separate bag! The recently introduced Scrubba Wash Bag solves that problem.In order to make the pack active, dirty clothes are placed inside the bag along with two or three liters of water. The bag is then shut tightly to ensure all air is squeezed out and the clothes are massaged for a few minutes. After a quick wash, they are clean and ready to be dried. According to Newland, the pack can clean anything from jeans to smelly socks! Whats even more amazing is that with a capacity to hold 13 liters of water, it can be used to wash more clothes at a time.The best part is that the 99dollar pack that will be available for sale later this year, only weighs 300 grams and is pletely foldable, making it easy to store when its not in use. With the Scrubba Wash Bag, wandering through foreign cities, searching for a laundry, or paying for washing machines may soon be a thing of the past!【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了Scrubba Wash Bag的产生背景和功能。【难句分析】The best part is that the 99dollar pack that will be available for sale later this year, only weighs 300 grams and is pletely foldable, making it easy to store when its not in use.(最后一段第一句)分析：这是一个复合句，第一个that引导表语从句，第二个that引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，非谓语动词短语“making it easy to store when its not in use”作结果状语，when在这里引导时间状语从句。译文：这款今年晚些时间将要上市的九十九美元的背包最好的地方是它的重量只有三百克，并且可以完全折叠，使它在不用时容易存放。1What led Ash Newland to create the Scrubba Wash Bag?AHis job requirements.BA traditional washboard.CHis interest in invention.DHis personal experience.答案与解析：D考查细节理解。根据文章第二段中的“The portable washing machine was invented by Ash Newland in 2010, while he was planning to climb Mt. Kilimanjaro. Struck by the limited packing space, he got inspiration from traditional washboards to create a bag that could be used to clean clothes”可知，在计划攀登乞力马扎罗山时，Ash Newland发明出了便携式洗衣机。由于苦恼于有限的背包空间，他从传统的洗衣板中得到灵感而得以创造出一个可以用来洗衣服的背包，故选D项，Ash Newland因为自己的个人经历而发明了这款背包。2Why wasnt Ash Newland satisfied with his former invention?AClothes couldnt be washed well.BThe invention was not so convenient.CThe bag couldnt contain enough water.DThe cost of the invention was very high.答案与解析：B考查细节理解。根据文章第三段中的“However, Newland was not satisfied. He still saw a disadvantage with his invention dirty clothes had to be carried around in a separate bag”可知，Newland之所以不满意，是因为他发现这个发明的一个缺点脏衣服不得不放在一个分开的包里带来带去，不方便，故B项是正确的。3It can be inferred that the improved Scrubba Wash Bag _. Aturns to be much environmentally friendlier Bwill replace the traditional washing machines Cwill be widely used by more travelers in the future Dcan encourage more people to travel a long distance答案与解析：C考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“With the Scrubba Wash Bag, wandering through foreign cities, searching for a laundry, or paying for washing machines may soon be a thing of the past！”可知，有了Scrubba Wash Bag，在国外漫游时寻找洗衣店或者为用洗衣机洗衣付费很快就会成为过去。由此可以推知，在将来Scrubba Wash Bag将会被更多的旅游者广泛使用，故选C项。4What is the best title of this passage?AA thing of the past: Travelers worry of the clothes washingBThe Scrubba Wash BagA bag free of washingCThe development of a great inventionDHow to design a new pack for travelers答案与解析：A考查主旨大意。通读全文可知，本文介绍了Scrubba Wash Bag的产生背景和功能，重点介绍这种发明对旅行者洗衣带来的方便，故选A项。B项讲的是“Scrubba Wash Bag一种免洗的包”，不符合文意；C项讲的是“一个伟大的发明的发展”，它夸大了这项发明的作用；D项讲的是“怎样为旅行者设计一个新包”，对文章内容概括不全，太片面。BAway with wordsThe telegraph, an online news service, has teamed up with Saga, which provides products and services only for the over 50s, to hold a new petition to find the best travel writer. Three lucky winners will win a master class with two top Telegraph travel writers before travelling the world with Saga on one of three holidays of great fort and pleasure. To enter, all you need to do is tell us something mysterious and wonderful about the world of travela favorite memory, a humorous tale, an unforgettable occasion or a sight worth writing about.What we are looking forYou must be able to read not only those signs that help you find your way around but the ones that tell you how the locals tick. You must, in the words of Paul Theroux, an American travel writer, “descibe exactly what you see and give it life with your imgaination”.In this petition, you can do that in anything from 150 words to 500, but they should be your words, and fresh ones. We do expect you not to hide the truth or the facts about your experience. Beyond that, you can make the most of the freedom travel writing gives you.Youll be editor as well as writer, so ensure those eyes are equally fresh when you check and recheck what youve written. We will make allowances for the occasional mistake, such as you have “fell” into a river. But we wont put up with mistakes every few lines.Terms conditionspetitors must be aged 50 years or older.The judging process is divided into two stages: entries will be hosted on the website for one month. The top 20 articles will then be selected by public vote. The top three winners will be chosen by three judges.The closing date for entries is August 15.1.What does the prize for winners include?A. a chance to learn from excellent writers.B. the publication of their works.C. three wonderful holidays.D.an opportunity to work in the Telegraph.2.Who will select the final winners?A. the public.B. Paul TherouxC. two top Telegraph travel writersD. three chosen judges.3.What type of writing is this text ?A. An essayB.A travel guideC.A writing guideD. An announcement【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了旅行作家大赛的参赛标准和奖励。1.A 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Three lucky winners will win a master class with two top Telegraph travel writers ”可知，获胜者将有机会和优秀的旅行作家学习。3.D 【解析】推理判断题。通读文章可知，文章介绍了旅行作家大赛的参赛标准和奖励，属于通知。二、七选五(2018湖北省部分重点中学高三起点考试)How to avoid a boring conversationWhat excuses should you use to avoid talking to people you dont want to talk to? Here are tips and inoffensive ways to get out of unwanted conversations.1. Go for a refill(续杯)It is natural for anyone at a party to be excused to get a refill. _1_ And once you excuse yourself, make a move fast before the person requests you to get a refill for him as well.2. Pretend bad mood.Cut off the conversation before it starts by saying something along the lines of “Im not in a good mood. Can I talk to you later if you dont mind？” _2_ Say it firmly so that people get the message loud and clear.3. Ask your friend to save you. _3_ Simply text your friend and ask him or her to e for apparently something important. You will be able to skip a boring chat with a seemingly reasonable excuse.4_4_ You are advised to look away from that person and dont make eye contact, so that you can give powerful hints (暗示) that you find the conversation extremely boring. _5_ Be sure to tune in to the conversation every now and then so you dont e across as rude.ABehave in an obviously careless way.BJust be sure that the person you are talking to does not offer to acpany you to do so.CDont act too polite in an attempt to draw sympathy.DUse body language to indicate boredom.EYour friend is bound to perform brilliantly in coping with the dull one.FLook elsewhere and pretend that something else has caught your attention.GStuck in an unwanted conversation, how do you get out of it?【文章大意】本文主要介绍了怎样避免无聊的谈话。1答案与解析：B选项B中的so就是指空前的“get a refill”这一行为；同时空后的“make a move fast.as well”与选项B的内容相呼应。2答案与解析：C空后的代词it指代空处前一句中的“Im not in a good mood. Can I talk to you later if you dont mind？”，所以空处及后一句与这一问题有关；同时后一句中的“Say it firmly”与选项C“不要为了获得同情而表现得太礼貌。”在内容和语气方面是一致的。3答案与解析：G根据该段的主题句以及空后两句可知，空后的两句话是对选项G这一疑问句的回答，选项G能够引出下文，符合语境。4答案与解析：D根据上文中的主题句都使用祈使句这一特点可知，该段也应用祈使句作主题句；同时根据该段中的第一句可知，把目光从这个人身上移开，不要有眼神交流，这样可以给对方强烈的暗示，使其发现这段谈话极其无聊，这与选项D“使用肢体语言暗示厌烦。”相吻合。5答案与解析：F空处起承上启下的作用，且根据该段主题句可知，使用肢体语言暗示厌烦，所以选项F“看向别处并假装你的注意力被其他东西吸引。”与之吻合。三、短文改错假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。(2018烟台诊断)Li Ming is a friend of mine.Im glad he changed greatly in the past two years.I clearly remember he was quite fat two years before.He got tired so easy that he couldnt take exercise，that made him very upset.Later，he realized unless he went on like that，he would end up achieve nothing.So he made up his minds to make a change.He went running every morning and played the basketball every afternoon.Besides，he followed a diet of more vegetables or less meat.Gradually he began to lose weight.He is now an energetic boy in good health.So when faced with problems，we should overe it with great determination and strong willpower.【答案】Li Ming is a friend of mine.Im glad he changed greatly in the past two years.I clearly remember he was quite fat two years .He got tired so that he couldnt take exercise， made him very upset.Later，he realized he went on like that，he would end up nothing.So he made up his to make a change.He went running every morning and played basketball every afternoon.Besides，he followed a diet of more vegetables less meat.Gradually he began to lose weight.He is now an energetic boy in good health.So when faced with problems，we should overe with great determination and strong willpower.第一处：考查动词的时态。根据本句的时间状语“in the past two years”可知，此处应用现在完成时。故加has。第二处：考查副词。根据句子所使用的一般过去时可知，此处是指两年前。ago立足现在，表示从现在起的2年前；before立足过去，表示从过去某一时刻起的2年前。此处应用ago。第三处：考查副词。easy是形容词，意为“容易的”； easily是副词，意为“容易地”。此处应用副词修饰动词词组“got tired”，意为“很容易劳累”。故用easily。第四处：考查定语从句。根据句型结构分析可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，不能用that引导，所以用which指代前面的整句话；或者在that前加and，构成and连接的两个并列句。故用which/and that。第五处：考查连词。unless意为“除非”，相当于if.not；if意为“如果”。根据句意可知，后来他意识到如果他继续那样，他将什么也不会获得。故用if。第六处：考查非谓语动词。end up doing sth.意为“以做某事而告终”，此处应用动名词。故用achieving。第七处：考查固定搭配。make up ones mind to do sth.是固定短语，意为“下定决心做某事”，mind的单复数由ones决定，因为这里是his，所以用单数。故用mind。第八处：考查冠词。球类名词前不加冠词。play basketball意为“打篮球”。故去掉the。第九处：考查连词。or意为“或者”，表示选择；and意为“和”，表示并列。此处“more vegetables”和“less meat”是并列的。故用and。第十处：考查代词。根据语境可知，此处指代上文中的“problems”，所以用them。四、短文语法填空This summer I travelled from noisy Beijing to Wuzhen, a beautiful village in Zhejiang Province.Unfolded before me was _1_ unique image of this water country the stone bridge and the water flowing, all like fairy tales to me.However, _2_ impressed me most was not the natural scenery but the scene of a grandma bathing a little baby in a wooden basin with the door open.My friends couldnt help _3_ (take) pictures of them.To my surprise, the grandma smiled and waved at us.All of a sudden, my heart was filled with _4_ (warm)I shared the photo and my _5_ (forget) experience with my friends.They were _6_ (simple) moved as I was, but at the same time they reminded me of the unpleasant experiences in big cities.We feel embarrassed to see people quarrelling in public because they _7_ (step) on accidentally by strangers.According to a recent survey _8_ (make) in November 2017: 45 percent of the residents dont know the names of their neighbors；63 percent have never devoted _9_ (they) to talking to their neighbors; 67 percent think that the relationship between them and their neighbors is just soso, or even bad.Wouldnt it be beautiful to say hello to our neighbors who just came back _10_ work and give them a smile?1aimage 是可数名词，且第一次在语境中出现，故用不定冠词修饰，且unique的读者不是以元音音素开头的，故用不定冠词a。2whatwhat引导主语从句，且在从句中作主语，表示物的概念。3taking固定搭配：cant help doing sth.意为“情不自禁做某事”，故用动名词作宾语。4warmth介词后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语，故用名词warmth作介词with的宾语。5unforgettable修饰名词一般用形容词，且此处与第二段呼应，作者和朋友们分享的是难忘的经历，故用形容词unforgettable，在句子中作定语。6simply修饰形容词应用副词，故用副词simply在句子中作状语。7are stepped根据语境中by的提示可知，此处表示被动概念，且由句中feel的时态可知，应用一般现在时的被动语态，即are stepped。8mademake 和其逻辑主语survey之间构成动宾关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。9themselves固定搭配：devote oneself to，意为“专心于；致力于”，此处用反身代词themselves作宾语。10from根据语境可知，此处表示下班后回来，故用介词from，意为“从”。
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