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Unit 1 Art一、阅读理解。Flaubert had it that “one way of tolerating existence is to lose oneself in literature as in an unending party”It turns out that reading doesnt only help us to tolerate existence，but actually lengthens it.A recent study by Yale University researchers，published online in the journal Social Science & Medicine，concluded that “book readers experienced a 20 percent reduction in the risk of death over the 12 years of followup pared to nonreaders”The data was obtained from the study sponsored by the National Institute on Aging.The study looked at 3,635 subjects，all older than 50，whom the researchers divided into three groups：those who didnt read books，those who read up to 3.5 hours a week and those who read more than 3.5 hours a week.The findings were remarkable：on average，book readers survived almost two years longer than those who didnt crack open a book.The more the subjects read，the longer they lived，but as little as 30 minutes a day was still beneficial in terms of survival.Accounting for factors such as education level，ine and health status，the study found that those who read more than 3.5 hours weekly were 23 percent less likely to die during that 12year period.Those who read up to 3.5 hoursan average of a half hour a daywere 17 percent less likely.“In other words，just like a healthy diet and exercise，books appear to promote a significant survival advantage，” the authors concluded.Why or how thats_the_case remains unclear；the research showed only an association between book reading and longevity，not a causal relationship.But the findings are not so surprising.Other recent research showed that reading novels appears to increase both brain connectivity and sympathy.1Why does the author mention Flauberts words in the first paragraph?ATo stress the value of reading.BTo pare reading with a party.CTo introduce the study on reading.DTo support the findings of the study.2From the text，what can we learn about the study?ANo similar study on reading has been carried out.BThe process of the study lasted more than ten years.CIt shows readers live two years longer than nonreaders.DIt shows time spent on reading increases ones love for it.3What do the underlined words“thats the case”probably mean?AReading books enables people to live longer.BReading is similar to a healthy diet and exercise.CReading books is closely associated with longevity.DReading increases brain connectivity and sympathy.4Where can we most probably read this text?As：/.theguardian./lifeandstyle/family.Bs：/.barnesandnoble./b/books/ingsoon.Cs：/.washingtonpost./news/toyourhealth.D：/.thebookbag.co.uk/Book_Remendations.【解题导语】研究发现，阅读和长寿有一定的联系，阅读者的平均寿命比不读书的人长将近两岁。【难句分析】The study looked at 3 , 635 subjects，all older than 50，whom the researchers divided into three groups：those who didnt read books，those who read up to 3.5 hours a week and those who read more than 3.5 hours a week.分析：该句为主从复合句。句中whom the researchers divided into three groups为whom引导的非限制性定语从句；who didnt read books以及who read up to 3.5 hours a week和who read more than 3.5 hours a week都为who引导的定语从句，修饰先行词those。译文：这项研究调查了3 635名年龄超过50岁的实验对象，研究人员将他们分为三组：从来不读书的人，每周阅读3.5小时的人，每周阅读超过3.5小时的人。1C考查推理判断。文章第一段引用福楼拜的名言说明读书的作用，接着第二段介绍了耶鲁大学关于读书与死亡风险之间关系的研究。据此可以判断，引用福楼拜的名言旨在介绍对阅读的作用的研究，故C项正确。2B考查细节理解。根据第二段最后一句中的“book readers experienced a 20 percent reduction in the risk of death over the 12 years of followup pared to nonreaders”可知，在12年的跟踪调查中发现，与不读书的人相比，阅读者的死亡风险降低了20%。据此可知，该项调查持续了十多年，故B项正确。A项文中没有提及；C项错在two years longer than nonreaders，与第四段的第一句“The findings were remarkable：on average，book readers survived almost two years longer than those who didnt crack open a book”中的almost表述不符；D项文中没有提及。3A考查词义猜测。根据上文中的“books appear to promote a significant survival advantage”及上文所述的研究结论“读书可以延长寿命”和该句“Why or how thats_the_case remains unclear；the research showed only an association between book reading and longevity，not a causal relationship”可知，阅读为什么以及以什么方式延长读者寿命，人们仍然不清楚。据此可知，画线词指代研究表明的“读书可以延长寿命”，故A项正确。4C考查文章出处。通读全文可知，本文主要说明了阅读和长寿有一定的联系，阅读者的平均寿命比不读书的人长将近两岁，阅读能增强大脑的功能。据此可以判断，本文属于健康话题，因此最可能摘自健康网站，故C项正确。根据A项s：/.theguardian./lifeandstyle/family可知，该网站介绍家庭生活方式；根据B项s：/.barnesandnoble. /b/books/ingsoon可知，该网站介绍即将出版的新书；根据D项：/.thebookbag.co.uk/Book_Remendations可知，该网站主要推荐书籍。二、语法填空。Has anyone ever thrown a party for you? Those parties _1_ birthday parties and wedding ceremonies are usually fun, and encountering friends we arent expecting _2_ be a wonderful treat as well. People are often surprised by new mails, or _3_ (see) an old friend at a grocery store. There are many kinds of ways that joy unexpectedly es into our life.Perhaps even better is a blessing in disguise. Assume that you are walking in the rain to a bookstore because your _4_ (favor) author is going to hold a meeting for her new book. You walk for an hour, and arrive pletely wet. _5_ you walk into the bookstore, you are told that the author is sick and wont be there. _6_ a disappointment!_7_ when you look across the room, you may see a friend with whom you havent talked in a year. Then you two agree to cross the street together to _8_ coffee shop, and talk for hours. The authors _9_ (sick) is unfortunate for you, but if she _10_ (be) not sick, you might not have coffee with your old friend. It is a blessing in disguise.1_ 2._ 3._ 4._ 5._ 6._ 7._ 8._ 9._ 10._ 篇章导读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。生活总会给我们许多惊喜。你冒着雨去与自己最喜欢的作者见面，却被告知作者生病不能前来，但你却无意中遇到了自己多日不见的朋友，这就是我们生活中的惊喜。1like考查介词。由设空前的parties和设空后表示举例的名词可知，应填like “例如；像”。2can考查情态动词。由设空前的“arent expecting”和空后的“as well”可知，应填表示理论上的可能性的can。3seeing考查非谓语动词。此处表示收到邮件或在杂货店见到老朋友都会让人感到意外。空处作介词by的宾语，故应使用see的动名词形式seeing。4favorite考查词性转换。此处应用形容词修饰名词author，指最喜欢的作家，故用favorite。5When/After考查状语从句的连接词。此处指当/在你走进书店时/之后，故填When/After。6What考查感叹句的引导词。“Whata/an形容词单数名词主语谓语”为固定句型，在表意清楚的情况下，主语和谓语常常被省略，故此处用What。7But考查连词。根据上下文语境可知，此处表示转折，故用But。8a考查冠词。此处指“一个咖啡店”，表泛指，故用不定冠词a。9sickness考查词性转换。由上文中的“the author is sick”可知此处表示作者生病了，再由空前的“authors”可知此处应用名词。10were考查虚拟语气。此处表示要是你喜欢的作者现在没有生病，你可能就没有机会和老朋友喝咖啡了。表示与现在事实相反的假设，所以应用were。三、完形填空。I was looking through some old photo albums the other day.I had 1 done that many times before but I felt a sudden 2 to see them again.I found myself 3 so many beautiful memories from my childhood.There was my dear Nana giving me a thorough 4 when I was a newborn baby.There was me and my brother standing in front of the worlds ugliest 5 our favorite Christmas tree.There was my beautiful Mom 6 me on her lap.Then the pictures seemed 7 all of a sudden because my eyes were wet.I just couldnt 8 the tears.“What is going on？”I 9 I hadnt cried the last time.But what was 10 now?I soon saw that it was I who changed.I had 11 My spirit had walked a little further down the 12 of love.I realized as long as they came with a warm heart，wet eyes were 13 to be ashamed of.I smiled and I felt Mom and Nana smiling 14 on me from Heaven.Leo Buscaglia said：“Im not afraid of 15 They clean out my eyeballs.” I think they clean out our 16 as well.They help us to wash away our pain，fear and grief(悲伤)They help us to 17 our love and goodness.They help us to bee who we are 18 to be.The next time you feel your tears starting，just let them 19 Life is full of smiles and tears.Only by allowing them both can we 20 live.【解题导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。再次看老相册时，作者重温了童年的一些美好回忆，并流下了眼泪。作者从而感悟到生活中充满欢笑和眼泪，只有允许它们两者都存在，我们才能真正地生活。1A.neverBeverCalready DnearlyC解析：根据下文的“many times before”以及“I hadnt cried the last time.”可知，作者应该不止一次看过这些老相册，故此处表示作者之前已经(already)多次看过这些老相册了。2A.appeal BsadnessCfear DurgeD解析：此处表示作者突然有再次看老相册的冲动(urge)。appeal“恳求”；sadness“悲伤”；fear“害怕”。3A.shaping BrelivingCescaping DbuildingB解析：此处表示作者重温(reliving)了许多来自童年时期的美好回忆。shape“塑造”；escape“逃避”；build“建造”。4A.bath BspeechChug DsurveyA解析：根据下文的“when I was a newborn baby”可知，此处表示作者还是个新生儿时，奶奶给她彻底洗澡，故选A项。5A.and BbutCor DasB解析：空前的“the worlds ugliest”和空后的“our favorite”之间为转折关系，故用并列连词but。6A.spinning BpossessingCholding DwalkingC解析：根据下文的“on her lap”可知，此处应表示“我漂亮的妈妈把我抱着放在她的腿上”。hold意为“抱着； 托着”，符合语境。spin“快速旋转”；possess“拥有”；walk“走； 遛”。7A.beautiful BblankCabnormal DvagueD解析：上文提到了作者正在看老照片，根据下文的“because my eyes were wet.the tears”可知作者流泪了。根据常识可知，此处表示这些老照片变得模糊(vague)了。beautiful“漂亮的”；blank“空白的”；abnormal“不正常的”。8A.fight back Bfight withCfight for Dfight againstA解析：根据上文的“because my eyes were wet”和下文的“I hadnt cried the last time.But.”可知，作者这次看老照片的时候哭了，此处表示作者遏制不住眼泪。fight back“忍住；抑制住”，符合语境。fight with“与争斗”；fight for“努力争取”；fight against“对抗”。9A.found BwonderedChesitated DdiscussedB解析：作者以前看老照片没有哭，而这次看老照片却哭了。所以作者想知道(wondered)发生了什么。find“发现，找到”；hesitate“犹豫，迟疑”；discuss“讨论”。10A.heartbreaking BwrongCdifferent DdisturbingC解析：根据下文的“I soon saw that it was I who changed.”可知，作者很快明白，是她自己和以前不一样了。故之前作者想知道的问题是“现在有什么是不同的呢”。故选C项。11A.grown BmisunderstoodCinsisted DstruggledA解析：根据下文的“My spirit had walked a little further down the _ of love.”可知，此处应表示作者的心灵已经在爱的道路(path)上走得更远了一点了，即作者已经成长(grown)了。12A.feast BpathCexpectation DcircleB解析：参见上题解析。feast“宴会”；expectation“期望”；circle“圈子”。13A.everything BsomethingCanything DnothingD解析：根据上文的“as long as they came with a warm heart”以及下文的“I smiled”可知，该句表示含泪的眼睛没有什么(nothing)可羞愧的，只要它们伴随着一颗温暖的心而来。14A.forward BupwardsCdown DbehindC解析：根据下文的“on me from Heaven”可知，此处表示作者感到妈妈和奶奶从天堂向下(down)冲着自己微笑。15A.tears BfailuresCdeaths DillnessesA解析：根据语境尤其是下文的“They clean out my eyeballs.”可知，此处表示“眼泪清洗了我的眼球”，故选tears。16A.petence BinsideCidentification DdevelopmentB解析：根据下文的“They help us to wash away our pain，fear and grief(悲伤)They help us to.to be.”可知，此处表示眼泪不仅清洗了我们的眼球，也清洗了我们的内心(inside)。petence“能力”；identification“辨认”；development“发展”。17A.look through Bclean outClearn from Dreconnect toD解析：第一段提到老照片让作者的美好回忆重现，故这里应该是表示“眼泪帮助我们重新找回我们的爱和善良”。reconnect to“重新连接”，在这里引申为“重新找回”。look through“浏览”；clean out“把清洗干净”；learn from“向学习”。18A.used BremindedCforced DmeantD解析：此处表示眼泪可以帮助我们成为我们想成为的人。be meant to do“打算； 想要”。19A.separate BstayCflow DdisappearC解析：根据上文提到的眼泪的好处可知，此处表示下次你感觉到眼泪开始流的时候，那么就让它们流下来吧。故选C项。20A.truly BroughlyCgenerally DtentativelyA解析：生活中充满笑和泪，只有允许它们都存在，我们才能真正地(truly)生活。roughly“粗略地”；generally“大体上”；tentatively“试探性地”。四、短文改错。Dear Dave，Im very glad to receive your letter ask for my advice on how to learn Chinese well. Here are my advice. Firstly, as a foreigner, you need to go and join the Chinese learning activity group. And the most important thing is to remember as much Chinese words as possibly. Besides, if you really want to improve your listening ability, youd better to read Chinese books, listen to the tapes and radio programs with Chinese. You can watch the Chinese TV programs as well. Last but not least, you can make some Chinese friends. Your friends can teach you a lot Chinese songs and introduce some Chinese festival to you, too.I wish we will have a good time. I am looking forward to your early reply.Yours，Zhang Hua答案：Dear Dave，Im very glad to receive your letter for my advice on how to learn Chinese well. Here my advice. Firstly, as a foreigner, you need to go and join Chinese learning activity group. And the most important thing is to remember as Chinese words as . Besides, if you really want to improve your listening ability, youd better read Chinese books, listen to the tapes and radio programs Chinese. You can watch the Chinese TV programs as well. Last but not least, you can make some Chinese friends. Your friends can teach you a lot Chinese songs and introduce some Chinese to you, too.I wish we have a good time. I am looking forward to your early reply.Yours，Zhang Hua难项分析：第一处：askasking考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处在句中作定语，又与其逻辑主语letter之间是主谓关系，故用现在分词。第五处：possiblypossible考查固定短语。as . as possible是固定用法，意为“尽可能”。第十处：willwould考查虚拟语气。wish后接宾语从句，要用虚拟语气，且此处是表示对将来的假设，故用would。五、七选五Do you know that intelligence can be developed？Do you realize it doesnt matter how smart you are but how hard you can work to grow？1. In her book, Mindset：The New Psychology of Success, Carol Dweck shares years of research conducted to prove its not just talent that determines success but whether we approach a situation with the right mindset. Having a growth mindset has many, many benefits.2 Having a growth mindset encourages you to not look at a deficit(不足额) as a deficit in ability but one of learning and that is one which can easily be achieved. This naturally has an impact on your sense of selfworth.Enjoy the process of learning. With a growth mindset, you look forward to acquiring new skills and absorbing new knowledge. You realize that everything that you learn can help you improve and bee a better person.3. Increase your confidence. According to Dweck and her fellow researchers “.in the growth framework, having clear deficits doesnt mean you arent or wont be good at something. Its simply an occasion for learning. 4. You just need to believe in improvement over time.”Dont get confused by setbacks(挫折). When you have a growth mindset, you dont view a setback as something that sets you back.5. Dweck shares，“Despite setbacksor even because of themthey find ways to keep themselves mitted and interested.”ASeek challenges.BImprove your sense of selfworth.CSo you should never ignore the importance of learning.DIt can affect all areas of your life, from business to love.EYou view it as an opportunity to get better, and stronger.FMoreover, you dont need a full load of confidence to set about learning.GIf so, youre one of the fortunate few who are blessed with a growth mindset.【解题导语】本文是一篇议论文，论述了主题：成功不仅仅是靠天赋，而是靠后天的努力和成长的心态。1G解析：根据空处后一句可知，Carol Dweck在她的书中分享了多年的研究来证明：决定成功的不仅仅是天赋，而是我们是否用正确的心态来处理事情；该句中的“the right mindset”和G项中的“a growth mindset”相匹配，故G项正确。 2B解析：空处为第二段的主题句，根据该段尾句可知，该段主要介绍提高自我价值感的建议，故B项正确。3C解析：根据空处前一句可知，你意识到你所学到的所有东西都能帮助你进步，让你成为一个更好的人，该句说明了学习的重要性，故C项与此处匹配。4F解析：根据该段主题句“Increase your confidence.”可知，该段主要介绍提高自信心的建议，F项中的“confidence”与此处匹配，故F项正确。5E解析：根据语境可知，当你有成长的心态，就不会把挫折看成阻碍，而是看作让你变得更好、更强的机会，故E项正确。
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