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The Olympic Games*阅读理解Have you heard of the following people？Maybe yes，maybe no.But they may be an inspiration for you.The Tree LadyKate Sessions was an American botanist and landscape architect closely associated with San Diego，California.After being the first woman to graduate from the University of California，Berkeley，she took a job as a teacher far south in the dry desert town of San Diego.Kate decided that San Diego needed trees more than anything else.Therefore this young woman singlehandedly started a movement transforming the town into the leafy，gardenfilled place as it is today.The Snowflake（雪花） ManWilson Bentley is one of the first known photographers of snowflakes.His enthusiasm for taking photos of snowflakes began from his boyhood and was often misunderstood in his time，but his determination revealed two important truths：no two snowflakes are alike；and each one is surprisingly beautiful.In 1931，he worked with William J.Humphreys of the U.S.Weather Bureau to publish Snow Crystals，a book containing 2，500 photographs.The Father of His CountryBy the late 1760s，George Washington had experienced firsthand the effects of rising taxes imposed（征收） on American colonists by the British，and came to believe that it was in the best interests of the colonists to declare independence from England.During the American War of Independence，he led the colonial forces to victory.In 1787，he was elected president of the Convention that wrote the U.S.Constitution.Two years later，Washington became Americas first president.His retirement from office after two terms established a tradition that lasted until 1940，when Franklin Delano Roosevelt won a third term.The 22nd Amendment（1951） now limits the president to two elected terms.【解题导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了三位鼓舞人心的名人。1.Who made a great contribution to beautifying an area？A.George Washington.B.Wilson Bentley.C.Kate Sessions.D.William J.Humphreys.C解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“this young woman singlehandedly started a movement transforming the town into the leafy，gardenfilled place as it is today”可知，Kate Sessions在将圣地亚哥的一个荒漠小镇变成宜人的地方方面做出了巨大贡献。故选C。2.What is Wilson Bentley famous for？A.His creative ideas to publish books.B.His persistence in photographing snowflakes.C.His courage to fight against prejudice.D.His devotion to teaching kids scientific truths.B解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的内容尤其是“Wilson Bentley is one of the first known photographers of snowflakes.His enthusiasm for taking photos of snowflakes.”可知，Wilson Bentley以坚持拍摄雪花而出名。故选B。3.What does the author say about George Washington？A.He was a national hero.B.He was born into a poor family.C.He became Americas president in 1787.D.He served three terms as the President of America.A解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“.came to believe that it was in the best interests of the colonists to declare independence from England.During the American War of Independence，he led the colonial forces to victory.”可知，他开始意识到宣布从英国独立对殖民地定居者最有利。美国独立战争期间，他带领殖民地的武装力量获得了胜利，即美国获得了独立，由此可推知，他是美国的民族英雄。*语法填空Do you make friends _1_(easy)? Do a wallsit test and youll find out.Researchers at the University of Oxford did _2_study with 101 participants aged between 18 and 34. Participants first _3_(fill) out questionnaires about their social lives, and they were then asked _4_ (press) against a wall with their _5_(knee) at right angles (直角) for as long as they could, _6_can be really painful.The results showed that the longer the participants held the position, the bigger _7_(they) outer networkor distant friends they contacted once or twice a monthwas. That was_8_the brains painkilling system is associated_9_both pain tolerance and social bonding, which means that the more active this system is, the _10_(good) you are at both.1_ 2._ 3._ 4._ 5._ 6._ 7._ 8._ 9._ 10._ 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项和交友有关的调查，具体方法如下：身体贴墙，膝盖弯曲成直角，根据保持这个姿势的时间长短可以推断出你的社交能力。1easily考查词性转换。此处修饰动词短语make friends，所以要用副词，故填easily。2a考查冠词。句意：牛津大学的研究者们做了一项调查，该调查由18岁到34岁之间的101个人参加。study “调查”，是可数名词，此处泛指“一项调查”，所以用不定冠词a。3filled考查动词的时态。句意：参与者首先填写了关于他们的社交生活的问卷，然后他们被要求尽可能长时间地身体贴墙，膝盖弯曲成直角，这可能很痛苦。分析句子结构可知，该空应填谓语动词，而且是描述过去的事情，所以用一般过去时，故填filled。4to press考查非谓语动词。ask sb. to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“要求某人做某事”，此处是其被动结构形式be asked to do sth.。故填to press。5knees考查名词的复数。knee “膝盖”，是可数名词，其前有their修饰，所以要用复数形式，故填knees。6which考查定语从句的引导词。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，引导词指代整个主句的内容，并且在从句中作主语，故填which。7their考查代词。该空代替的是participants，而且后面有名词network，所以要用复数形式的形容词性物主代词，故填their。8because考查表语从句的连接词。句意：这是因为大脑的镇痛系统与疼痛的耐受性和社会关系都有关，这意味着这个系统越活跃，你在这两个方面表现得越好。此处表原因，故填because。9with考查介词。be associated with为固定搭配，意为“与有联系”，故填with。10better考查形容词的比较级。“the比较级，the比较级”为常用句式，意为“越，越”，故填better。*完形填空。From an early age, Parker always said that he would be an astronaut when he grew up. But no matter how much he studied and took tests, he was never 1 to fly in space. 2 ， he grew over the maximum age for taking the selection tests. In other words, he would never be able to fulfill his 3 Thinking about all the time and 4 Parker had put into trying to be an astronaut, people felt 5 for him. Despite what he was told about having to 6 his ambition, Parker continued training and studying， 7 he was going to have the tests the next month.He 8 as he got older, and when he was a very old man he heard that they were doing some very important 9 experiments. For those experiments they needed a very 10 astronaut. Parker, who walked with a 11 ， was the only old man in the whole world who was 12 to fly in a rocket. Therefore, Parker found himself flying in 13 ， all with the help of science. It was clear that the 14 gained during those missions helped to cure one of the worst sicknesses for old people, and Parker was 15 as a hero.Photos of the astronaut with a walking stick and no teeth 16 all over the world, and became a 17 of how you can never train or learn too much. It showed that 18 effort always brings 19 even though it may not be in the form we had first 20 【解题导语】Parker从小立志做一名宇航员，却一直未实现自己的梦想。但他从未放弃希望，一如既往地进行飞行训练。终于在年老时实现了自己的愿望。1A.noticedBselectedCinvitedDpermittedB解析：根据下文中的“he grew over the maximum age for taking the selection tests”可知，此处指他从来没有被选(selected)去太空飞行。2A.SecretlyBSuddenlyCLuckilyDFinallyD解析：最后，Parker已经超过了选拔考试的最大年龄。finally “最终，终于”。3A.dreamBtaskCneedDbeliefA解析：文章开头谈及Parker的梦想，因为他已经超过了选拔考试的最大年龄，所以他永远也无法实现他的梦想(dream)。4A.reputationBpowerCeffortDpracticeC解析：根据第一段中的“But no matter how much he studied and took tests”可知，Parker付出了很多时间和努力(effort)。人们一想到Parker为成为宇航员所付出的时间和努力就为他感到遗憾(sorry)。5A.happyBsorryCnervousDcalmB解析：参见上题解析。6A.ignoreBforgetCdevelopDabandonD解析：尽管有人告诉Parker，他不得不放弃(abandon) 他的目标，但他还是继续训练和学习，好像(as if)下个月他要参加测试似的。7A.so thatBnow thatCas ifDeven thoughC解析：参见上题解析。8A.carried onBtook onCturned offDgot offA解析：Parker继续(学习和训练)。carry on“继续做，坚持干”，符合语境。9A.electricalBphysicalCmedicalDpoliticalC解析：根据下文中的“during those missions helped to cure one of the worst sicknesses for old people”可知，Parker得知他们在太空做医学实验。medical“医疗的”，符合语境。electrical“用电的”；physical“物理学的”；political“政治的”。10A.sickBexperiencedCactiveDoldD解析：根据语境可知，他们需要一位年纪大的(old) 宇航员。11A.mapBstickCguideDcandleB解析：根据下文中的“Photos of the astronaut with a walking stick”可知，当时Parker走路需要拐杖。a walking stick“拐杖”。12A.plannedBtrainedCforcedDallowedB解析：根据上文内容可知，Parker参加训练就是为了能够在太空飞行。故B项符合语境。13A.silenceBdangerCactionDspaceD解析：根据语境可知，此处指Parker参加实验后，发现自己在太空(space)飞行。14A.knowledgeBexperienceCmoneyDopportunityA解析：在那些任务中所获得的知识(knowledge)有助于治愈老人们最严重的疾病之一。15A.replacedBeducatedCpraisedDaffectedC解析：Parker被人们称赞(praised)为一位英雄。replace“代替”；educate“教育”；affect“影响”。16A.movedBflewCspreadDtookC解析：这位拄着拐杖且没有牙齿的宇航员的照片在全世界传播(spread) 开来。17A.symbolBmarkCcaseDdoubtA解析：Parker的照片成了一种象征(symbol)你再怎么多得去学习和训练都不为过。18A.desperateBpersistentCcautiousDapparentB解析：这表明坚持不懈的(persistent) 努力总会带来回报(reward)。 desperate“绝望的”；cautious“小心的”，apparent“显而易见的”。19A.awardBprizeCresultDrewardD解析：参见上题解析。20A.expectedBguessedCsuggestedDprovedA解析：坚持不懈的努力总会带来回报，尽管它不是我们最初所期待(expected)的那种形式。*短文改错。Dear Lisa，Im glad to receive your letter asked about the present holiday life of Chinese students. Learning together with entertainment still take up most of our time. Besides, we often help our parents with the housework or farm work, that makes us realize how hard we work every day and develop a great love for work. Meanwhile, we take active part in social activities, such as voluntary work. We went out to the streets to collect rubbishes or to the hospitals to cheer up the sick children. We try our best to help those who are in need or make our hometown a lot of more beautiful. We find greatly pleasure in these activities.Yours，Li Ming答案：Dear Lisa，Im glad to receive your letter about the present holiday life of Chinese students. Learning together with entertainment still up most of our time. Besides, we often help our parents with the housework or farm work, makes us realize how hard work every day and develop a great love for work. Meanwhile, we take active part in social activities, such as voluntary work. We out to the streets to collect or to the hospitals to cheer up the sick children. We try our best to help those who are in need make our hometown a lot more beautiful. We find pleasure in these activities.Yours，Li Ming难项分析：第二处：taketakes此处together with后的名词不影响谓语动词的数，句子的主语是learning，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故改为takes。第七处：rubbishesrubbishrubbish表示“垃圾”，是不可数名词，没有复数形式，故改为rubbish。第九处：去掉of此处指使我们的家乡变得更加美丽。根据句中的“more”可知，此处修饰比较级，表示程度，故应用a lot。a lot of表示“许多”，修饰名词。
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