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形容词和副词第五讲形容词和副词第一课时知识过关课1.朗读下列句子，看看形容词可作哪些成分。(1)Abraham Lincoln was a selfmade man.林肯是一个自学成才的人。(2)He was so tired that he fell asleep sitting in his chair.他太累了，坐在椅子上睡着了。(3)Martin found the work slightly dull.马丁发现这工作稍稍有点枯燥。(4)I have something important to tell you.我有重要的事情要告诉你。2.看看副词在句中作状语，可修饰哪些词。(1)He said quite_positively that he would e.他很肯定地说他会来。(2)Its simply wonderful to see you！看到你太好了！(3)I heard pretty clearly then.我当时听得相当清楚。(4)Your coat is just behind the door.你的上衣正好在门后面。(5)Frankly，I am not satisfied with your work.坦白说，我对你的工作不满意。1.(1)定语(2)表语(3)宾补(4)后置定语2.(1)修饰动词(2)修饰形容词(3)修饰另一副词(4)修饰介词短语(5)修饰句子.单句填空(用所给单词的正确形式填空)1.You are driving too fast. Can you drive a bit more_slowly(slowly)?2.Those who have more(much) money than sense may sometimes act foolishly.3.Ten years ago the population of our village was twice as large(large) as that of theirs.4.The new group of students is betterbehaved than the other group who stayed here earlier(early).5.The melon the Smiths served at dinner would have tasted better(good) if it had been put in the fridge for a little while.6.Speaking of all the songs he has written, I think this is probably his bestknown(wellknow) one.7.Of the two coats, Id choose the cheaper(cheap) one to spare some money for a book.8.Work gets done more_easily(easily) when people do it together, and the rewards are higher too.9.This washing machine is environmentally friendly because it uses less(little) water and electricity than older(old) models.10.I dont think this film is by far the most boring. I have seen worse(bad).单句改错(下列每句中有一处错误，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改，请指出并改正。)1.Different people have different attitudes to the value of honesty. In my opinion, nothing could be important.在be后加more2.Although he was seriously injured in the devastating earthquake, he recovered more faster than anyone else in Wenchuan Red Cross Hospital.去掉faster前的more3.My beloved mother bought some articles of furniture in the secondhand market at an extremely low price, but they all look well.wellgood4.Fast & Furious 7 is by far the exciting film that I have ever seen.在the后加most5.In spite of the fact that he got the task in the last minute, he acplished it as better as others.betterwell6.The number of tourists paying a visit to Tai Mountain was small last year, but there seems to be even few tourists around this year.fewfewer7.In the distance appeared a figure who I thought was professor Wang. However, when he came close to me, I found he was professor Li.closecloser8.If they had got to the station five minutes early, they would have caught the first train bound for Panyu Square.earlyearlier9.I cant understand what you said just now. Can you speak a bit slowly？在slowly前加more10.Of all the participants, Martha Berry works hard.hardhardest11.He is a heavily smoker.heavilyheavy12.She looks happily.happilyhappy13.I find it easily to get on with her.easilyeasy14.You must work much more careful.carefulcarefully15.Being a student, he was natural interested in museums.naturalnaturally16.All of them are working extreme well.extremeextremely17.Hopeful, well meet again on Thursday.HopefulHopefully18.He is bad in need of money.badbadly.语篇填空(在空格处填入一个适当的词或用所给词的正确形式填空，可根据汉语提示完成英语短文。)I dont think it 1._ (difficulty) to learn English well, because as long as you work hard, you can learn it well. I believe that the 2._ (hard) you work at your study, the better you can learn it. For example，Li Ping, a friend of 3._， is the 4._ hardworking student in our class, and he gets 5._ (high) marks than any other student in our class in every English test.6._ (lead) by him, all the students in our class are studying English 7._ (越来越努力). As a result, in the latest English test, our class was the 8._ (good) of the two key classes in our school，and the number of students who got excellent marks is 9._ (两倍大) that of the other. Therefore，10._ of us should study hard no matter what we learn.【语篇导读】本文论述了只要努力学习就能学好的观点。1.difficult作宾补要用形容词。2.harder是“the比较级，the比较级”句型，表示“越就越”。3.mine指my friends。4.mostin our class表示范围，故要用最高级。5.higher由than可知要用比较级，本句是用比较级表示最高级的句型。6.Led“在他的带领下”，用ed形式作状语，表示原因。7.harder and harder表示“越来越”，用“比较级比较级”。8.better表示“两者中较的那一个”，用the比较级of the two。9.twice as large as/twice larger than倍数表达法。10.all指“我们所有的人”都应努力学习。第二课时高考研究课形容词和副词在语法填空中的考查点规律方法1.根据形容词和副词的句法功能填出所给词的正确词性。2.根据以下信息正确写出形容词和副词的比较级和最高级根据比较级的关键词than确定使用比较级；句中虽然没有“than.”结构，但暗含比较的意味，也用比较级；有些句型结构，如“the比较级.，the比较级.”中使用比较级。真题验证11.Steam engines were used to pull the carriages and it must have been _(fair) unpleasant for the passengers，with all the smoke and noise.(2017全国卷)答案fairly此处需要用副词来修饰形容词unpleasant。2.The Central London Railway was one of the most _(success) of these new lines，and was opened in 1900.(2017全国卷)答案successful句意：伦敦中央地铁是这些新地铁线中最成功的线路之一。根据句意以及空格前的the most可知，此处是the most多音节形容词构成最高级，故填successful。3.As a result，people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing.Even _(bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up.(2017全国卷)答案worseeven修饰比较级，even worse表示“更糟糕的是”。4.However, be _(care) not to go to extremes.Like anything，it is possible to have too much of both, which is not good for the health.(2017全国卷)答案careful此处表示“小心不要走极端”。根据句意和be可知后面用形容词careful。5.It is _(certain)fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal.(2017全国卷)答案certainly此处应该使用副词形式作状语，修饰谓语动词is。6.If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify (识别) those of _(great) and less importance.(2016全国卷)答案greater由后面less可知此处应该填入great的比较级。7.Finally, that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is _(clean) than ever.(全国卷)答案cleaner句中than为比较级的标志词。8.The _(hard) you try to beat him, the more likely you will get hit.He controls you！(辽宁卷)答案harderthe more.the more.意为：越，越。形容词和副词在短文改错中的考查点规律方法 比较等级的错用1.表示二者比较用比较级；表示三者或三者以上比较用最高级；2.充分利用语境所提供的信息，如上下文中的比较等级，语境中所做比较的范围；不该使用比较级等；3.牢记常见没有比较等级的形容词和副词。词性错用混淆形容词和副词的句法功能意近引起的错用有些形容词或副词意思相近但不能混用。赘词受汉语的影响在某些结构中增加了不必要的形容词或副词真题验证21.In their spare time, they are interesting in planting vegetables in their garden, which is on the rooftop of their house.(2017全国卷)_答案interestinginterestedinteresting有趣的；interested对感兴趣的，修饰人。be interested in对感兴趣。2.They often get up earlier and water the vegetables together.(2017全国卷)_答案earlierearly此处没有比较的意思，所以不用比较级。3.Beside, they often get some useful information from the Internet.(2017全国卷)_答案BesideBesides句意：此外，他们还经常从网上获取一些有用的信息。介词beside意为：在旁边；副词besides意为：此外。4.I was so much nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left.(2017全国卷)_答案去掉muchso.that.，表示“如此以至于”。so修饰后面的形容词nervous，所以much多余。5.A few minutes late, the instructor asked me to stop the car.(2017全国卷)_答案latelater时间段late表示“迟到多长时间”；时间段later表示“多久之后”。此处表示“几分钟后，教练让我把车停下来”。6.It was a relief and I came to a suddenly stop just in the middle of the road.(2017全国卷)_答案suddenlysudden此处需要形容词修饰后面的名词stop，表示“突然停止”。7. I enjoyed studying different kinds of cars and planes, playing pop music, and collecting the late music albums.(2017全国卷)_答案latelatest根据句意可知，此处应该表示“最近的，最新的”，故使用形容词latest。8.The teenage years from 13 to 19 were the most difficult time for me.They were also the best and worse years in my life.(2016全国卷)_答案worseworst由前面the best可知，此处应该使用最高级。第三课时写作增分课形容词和副词在写作中的增分点一、正确使用形容词和副词写对句子1.那天我病得很厉害，不幸的是，爸爸也不在家。(seriously, ill, unfortunately)I_was_seriously_ill_that_day,_but_unfortunately,_Dad_wasnt_at_home.2.又惊又怕，他不知道该怎么办。(frightened, surprised, at a loss, what to do)Frightened_and_surprised,_he_was_at_a_loss_what_to_do.3.终于，我们到家了，又累又饿。(hungry, tired)At_last,_we_arrived_home,_hungry_and_tired.4.唱歌可以使人放松，帮助减轻压力。(sing songs, relaxing, reduce stress)Singing_songs_is_relaxing,_which_can_help_reduce_stress.5.他是一个如此害羞的男孩以至于他不能忍受在全班同学面前说话。(so shy, boy, that, cant stand doing, in front of the class)He_is_so_shy_a_boy_that_he_cant_stand_speaking_in_front_of_the_class.二、利用靓点词汇增加句子魅力1.形容词：enoughadequate; usefulavailable; difficultchallenging; properappropriate; importantvital/significant; interestingabsorbing/striking/appealing2.副词：finallyeventually; hardlybarely; immediatelyin a flash; nowadayscurrently1.在随后的三年里，我们的学校生活将会是具有挑战性的。In the ing three years，our_school_life_will_be_challenging.2.这种现象会引发对环境保护问题看法的重大改变。This phenomenon may lead to significant_changes_towards_environmentalprotection.3.最终，你的孩子会离开家，作为一个完全独立的成年人过她自己的生活。Eventually_your_child_will_leave_home to lead her own life as a fully independent adult.三、遣词造句中巧用形容词和副词1.利用likely表示“可能性”：be likely to do; It is likely that.2.利用beneficial表示有“好处”：be beneficial to3.利用particularly，especially表示强调1.如果你们来到我们学校，很可能会遇到生活中的一些难题。If you e to our school, you are_likely_to_meet_some_difficult_problems in your life.2.按照我的观点，我们的图书馆应该购置一些科普类和文学类图书，因为它们对我们大有益处。From my point of view, our library should buy some popular science books and literary books because_they_are_beneficial_to_us.3.现在你如果问我长大想干什么，我会毫不犹豫地回答：我想当一名老师，尤其是当一名英语老师！Now if you ask me what I want to be when I grow up, I will say without hesitation that I_want_to_be_a_teacher,_particularly_an_English_teacher!四、正确使用比较级、最高级写句子1.说起来容易做起来难。(than, carry out)Its_easier_said_than_carried_out.2.现在，学好英语是你们最重要的事情。(at the moment, learn English well, by far, for you)At_the_moment,_learning_English_well_is_by_far_the_most_important_thing_for_you.3.我听说你上周病了。你现在好一点了吗？(be ill, any better)I_hear_that_you_were_ill_last_week.Are_you_any_better_now?4.去北京的这次旅行真是妙极了。我从来没有经历过比这更有趣、更令人兴奋的旅行。(the tour to, was fantastic, experience)The_tour_to_Beijing_was_fantastic.I_had_never_experienced_a_more_interesting_and_exciting_one.5.在全身心投入之后，他发现学英语越来越有趣，他的英语成绩也越来越好。(put ones heart into, find, get better)After_putting_his_heart_into_it,_he_finds_learning_English_more_and_more_interesting_and_his_English_is_getting_better_and_better.五、正确使用倍数表达法写句子1.现在这个城市的人口是十年前的十倍。(the population, as large as)Now,_the_population_of_the_city_is_ten_times_as_large_as_it_was_ten_years_ago.2.这种车的速度将比现在最快的车快两倍。(kind, fast)This_kind_of_car_will_be_twice_faster_than_the_fastest_car_now.3.新机场将是现在机场的三倍大。(airport, the size of, present)The_new_airport_will_be_three_times_the_size_of_the_present_one.4.我们学校的校园是十年前的两倍大。(the size of, the schoolyard, twice, what it was)The_size_of_the_schoolyard_of_our_school_is_twice_what_it_was_ten_years_ago.
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