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Unit 2 Growing pains一、阅读理解。It has always been thought that alcohol causes people to put on weight because it contains a lot of sugar, but new research suggests a glass a day cold form part of a diet. Looking at past studies they found that, while heavy drinkers do put on weight; those who drink in moderation can actually lose weight.A spokesman for the research team at Navarro University in Spain says, Light to moderate alcohol intake, especially of wine, may be more likely to protect against, rather than promote, weight gain. The International Scientific Forum on Alcohol research reviewed the findings and agreed with most of the conclusions, particularly that data do not clearly indicate if moderate drinking increases weight.Boston Universitys Dr. Harvey Finkel found that the biologic mechanisms(生物学机制) relating alcohol to changes in body weight are not properly understood. His team pointed out the strong protective effects of moderate drinking on the risk of getting conditions like diabetes(糖尿病), which relate to increasing obesity. Some studies suggest that even very obese people may be at lower risk of diabetes if they are moderate drinkers.The group says alcohol provides calories that are quickly absorbed into the body and are not stored in fat, and that this process could explain the differences in its effects from those of other foods. They agree that future research should be directed towards assessing the roles of different types of alcoholic drinks, taking into consideration drinking patterns and including the past tendency of participants to gain weight.For now there is little evidence that consuming small to moderate amounts of alcohol on a regular basis increases ones risk of being obese. Whats more, a study three years ago suggested that resveratrol, a pound present in grapes and red wine destroys fat cells.1.The passage is mainly for those_.A. who produce wineB. who have a drinking habitC. who go on a dietD. who are eager to lose weight2.The underlined phrase in moderation in the first paragraph means _.A. excitedlyB. carefullyC. frequentlyD. properly3.What can we learn from the passage?A. Current data clearly show that moderate drinking increases weight.B. Resveratrol is proved to increase the risk of being fat.C. The research found moderate drinking has a strong protective effect.D. The specific roles of different types of alcoholic drinks are very clear.4.What is most likely to be discussed in the paragraph that follows?A. How to do some easy experiments.B. How to reduce the calories contained in wine.C. How to prove the finding mentioned above.D. How to make wine in a healthy way.【文章大意】文章讲述了饮酒和健康的关系，告诉我们适量葡萄酒还会减肥。1.B【解析】推理判断题。文章讲述了饮酒和健康的关系，比如和肥胖、疾病等的关系。所以说是写给有喝酒习惯的人的，故选B。2.D【解析】猜测词义题。与上句形成对比，此处指适量饮酒的人事实上能减肥，moderation适度与D项同义，故选D。4.C【解析】推理判断题。文章最后讲到葡萄酒和红酒混合会破坏肥胖细胞，所以下文会证明这一观点，故选C。二、单项选择1.It angered me that a neighbour accused me _ kicking her pet. Oh, you had the right to defend yourself _ her accusation.A. of; against B. for; from C. against; for D. for; against【答案】A 2.The officer _ that Michael did not follow the correct procedure in applying for a visa. A. resisted B. insistedC. diseased D. assisted【答案】B【解析】句意：这位官员坚持认定Michael没有按照正确的程序申请签证。insisted“坚持认定/说”3.What worried the mother most was _ the Internet after class in this school.A. her sons not forbidding surfingB. her sons not being forbidden to surfC. her sons being not forbidden to surfD. her sons having not forbidden surfing【答案】B【解析】forbid常用于forbid sb.to do sth.结构。动词ing形式的否定形式是在其前加not。句意：让这位母亲最为担忧的是，在这所学校她的儿子下课后没有被禁止上网。4.And _,he must review what he has studied at least three times.A. not at all B. in allC. at the last moment D. last but not least【答案】D【解析】last but not least最后也是相当重要的就是。句意：最后也是相当重要的就是，他必须把念过的书至少复习三遍。5.If I had known my life was going to _ like this, I would have let them kill me.A. find out B. turn out C. give out D. work out【答案】B【解析】find out查明；turn out证明是；give out分发，公布，发出；work out计算出，制定，锻炼。turn out that/(to be)+名词，意为“结果是，证明是”，like前省略了to be。故选B。句意：如果我早知道我的生活会变成这样，我宁愿让他们杀了我。6.If you do fall out of the boat, your life jacket will help you to _ until we can find you out.A. stay up B. e upC. make up D. stand up【答案】A【解祈】句意：如果你从船上掉下去的话，你的救生衣会帮你不下沉，直到我们找到你。stay up不倒，不沉，熬夜；e up走过来；make up编造，组成；stand up起立。故选A。7.The man put down the phone with a long face, obviously _ about the information he received.A. content B. amazedC. happy D. upset【答案】D【解析】与with a long face照应，此处应用upset。be upset about sth.是固定搭配。句意：那个人拉下脸把电话放下，显然他对接到的消息很失望。8.Many people with lofty ideals gave their lives in _ of freedom.A. protection B. guardC. defence D. favor【答案】C【解析】in defence of为保卫，为捍卫，为而辩护。句意：许多许多仁人志士为了捍卫自由而献出了他们的生命。9.That car accident _ all his life. After that he was limited to a wheelchair.A. damagedB. destroyedC. harmedD. ruined【答案】D【解析】damage损坏(程度较轻)；destroy严重损坏(程度较重，多指事物的损坏)；harm对有害；ruin毁灭。此处应是交通事故。故选D。句意：这次交通事故毁了他的一生，在那之后，他就被限制在了轮椅上(他不得不坐着轮椅)。10.Just like a voyage at sea, our life journey, whose days are _, is full of difficulties.A. limited B. goneC. exhausted D. experienced【答案】A【解析】句意：我们生命旅程的日子是有限的，正像一次海上航行，充满了艰辛。limit“限制”，符合句意。11.Teenage is an especially important stage for us, where we are _ to go all out to improve ourselves because anything can happen.A.known B. supposed C.thought D.considered【答案】B12.As you _ this book, you will find that each of the millions of people who _ World War II had a different experience.A.look through, put throughB. see through, pushed throughC. go through, lived through D. carry through, broke through 【答案】C【解析】look through看透，仔细查看，浏览，翻阅，温习；put through完成，(电话用语)拨通，使穿过see through看透，识破，支持(某人)到底；push through促成，完成，穿过，挤过；go through通过，浏览，仔细检查，审查，履行，忍受，经历；live through度过，经历；carry through坚持到底，进行到底，贯彻，完成；break through突围，冲跨，克服，挤过去。句意：当你通读这本书的时候，你将会发现成千上万的经历过(度过)二战的每个人都有着不同的经历。13.Whom would you rather _ with you to the library?Of course, Mary. A. wentB. have goC. have goneD. go【答案】B 14.Its over three years since the release of animation Frozen, but the icy queen and her frozen empire are still staying put in the spotlight, as if the movie _ only last month.A. were releasedB. had been releasedC. was releasedD. would have been released【答案】B【解析】考查虚拟语气。与过去事实相反的虚拟。句意：冰雪奇缘上映已经三年多了，但冰雪皇后和她的冰雪王国仍然闪耀在聚光灯下，就好像这部动画上个月才上映的一样。15.The reason _ he told me _ he was late is an excuse.A. why, that B. that, whyC. which, that D. that, which【答案】B【解析】本句的主干是：the reason is an excuse。其中的he told me是定语从句，省略了在定语从句中作宾语的引导词which或that；其中的he was late也是定语从句，也修饰先行词the reason。引导词可以用that，for which，why或者不填，在定语从句中作原因状语。句意：他告诉我的为什么他会迟到的原因完全是个借口。16.China is at a stage of industrialization _ the contradiction between economic growth and environmental protection is obvious. A. thatB. whenC. whichD. where【答案】B【解析】句意：中国正处于工业化发展阶段，此时经济增长和环境保护之间的矛盾很明显。分析句子结构可知，此处应用when引导一个定语从句，从句修饰的是a stage of industrialization，且when在从句中作时间状语。17.In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of _ purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.A. which B. its C. whose D. whom 【答案】C【解析】先行词是“the World Food Programme”，“世界粮食项目”的目的之一是，whose在定语从句中作定语，这里限定purposes，故选C。句意：1963年联合国建立了世界粮食计划署，其目的之一就是为了缓解世界范围内的饥饿问题。三、完形填空Kobe Bryant, a super basketball star, announced that he would retire at the end of the 201516 season via a letter poem. In the letter, he _1_ the moment he started rolling his dads tube socks and shooting _2_ game-winning shots, indicating his deep love for basketball.“This season is all I have left to give,” the 37-year-old wrote, “My heart can take the pounding. My mind can _3_ the grind(苦差)but my _4_ knows its time to say goodbye.”As the only son of Joe Bryant, a former NBA player, Bryant was crazy about basketball and started _5_ in at 6, and his favorite team growing up was the Lakers. Bryant earned national _6_ during an amazing high school career and his basketball skills would have ensured _7_ to any college he chose, but he decided to go directly into the NBA. He finally made it and was _8_ out of high school in 1996 and was then traded to the Lakers, for which he has played his entire career._9_, Bryant played limited minutes, but as the season continued, he began to see some more playing time and in his second season, he began to show more of his abilities as a talented young guard. The 199899 season _10_ Bryants appearance as a premier guard in the league. _11_, even at an early stage of his career, sportswriters were paring his skills to those of Michael Jordan and Magic Johnson.There are always different interpretations of Bryant, making him the most _12_ figure in modern sports, a bination of hero and villain(反面人物). He received criticism for getting his _13_ in the games, pletely neglecting his teammates; he was suspended _14_ deliberately breaking rules; he was even charged by the court with sex assault. _15_, with 17 NBA All-Star selections, five NBA championships with the Lakers, two Olympic gold medals, Kobe has brought his fans _16_ memories. His best days are long _17_ him indeed, but the way he approaches the game as well as life is always glamorous.Weve always known, and _18_ are mentally prepared, that one day Kobe Bryant will not be _19_. Yet his retirement note still caught us off guard. It simply _20_ when farewell words are uttered(说出)from one of the all-time greats in basketball.语篇解读：文章主要讲述科比退役一事，并由此介绍了科比的详细情况。1.A. remembered B. recalled C. recorded D. retold【答案】B 【解析】recall意为“回忆”，符合语境，即指他回忆当年的情况。2.A. imaginary B. original C. practical D. contemporary【答案】A 【解析】imaginary想象的；original原始的，原有的；practical实际的；contemporary现代的，当代的，同一时代的。根据该空前面的“rolling his Dads tube socks and shooting”可知，他当年是用他爸爸的圆筒短袜当球打的，所以只能算是想象中的比赛。3.A. treat B. operate C. pete D. handle【答案】D【解析】handle意为“处理；应付”，符合语境，即“我”的思想上可以受得了这种苦差。4.A. coach B. soul C. body D. teammates【答案】C【解析】body与前面的mind相对应，即思想上承受得了这个苦差，但是身体上承受不了，要退役了。5.A. involving B. diving C. participating D. throwing【答案】B【解析】dive in为固定搭配，意为“开始(从事)”，符合语境，即他从6岁开始打球。6.A. confirmation B. recognition C. realization D. remendation【答案】B7.A. permission B. occupation C. admission D. submission【答案】C【解析】admission在这里意为“录取”，即凭借他篮球方面的技能，他可以被任何一所他所选择的大学录取。8.A. drafted B. removed C. substituted D. employed【答案】A【解析】draft本义为“征募”，在这里表示“被选中”，符合语境，即他被NBA选中。9.A. Previously B. Frequently C. Basically D. Initially【答案】D【解析】initially意为“开始；最初”。起初，Bryant锻炼有限的时间，后来慢慢增加练习时间。previously 先前地；frequently 频繁地，经常地；basically基本地。10.A. represented B. symbolized C. marked D. reflected【答案】C【解析】mark.as.为固定搭配，意为“把标志为”，符合语境，即19981999年是Bryant事业突飞猛进的时期。11.A. In addition B. In fact C. Therefore D. Then【答案】B【解析】根据上下文内容可知，用in fact承接。事实上，早在他的事业刚起步时，有关报道者便将他的技巧与乔丹等相提并论了。12.A. outstanding B. ridiculous C. controversial D. honourable【答案】C 【解析】outstanding杰出的；ridiculous可笑的；controversial有争议的；authentic真实的。根据后半句中的“a bination of hero and villain”可知，他是一个有争议的人物，因此选C。13.A. way B. scores C. manner D. benefit【答案】A【解析】get ones way为固定短语，意为“随心所欲”，符合语境，即批评他打球没有团队合作精神，随心所欲、单打独斗。14.A. in response to B. in terms of C. on account of D. in the absence of【答案】C【解析】on account of意为“因为”，符合语境，即他因为故意违规而被停赛。15.A. Instead B. MeanwhileC. Otherwise D. However【答案】D16.A. boring B. disappointing C. shocking D. thrilling【答案】D【解析】boring枯燥无味的；disappointing令人失望的；shocking令人震惊的；thrilling刺激的，令人激动的。根据上下文可知，D项正确，即科比总给他的粉丝激动的感觉。17.A. above B. before C. behind D. beyond【答案】C【解析】他的辉煌已成过去。18.A. more or less B. sooner or later C. now and then D. by and by【答案】A 【解析】more or less意为“或多或少地”，符合语境。我们或多或少地在思想上做好了准备。sooner or later 迟早；now and then不时地；by and by不久以后。19.A. around B. here C. there D. about【答案】A20.A. works B. hurts C. suffers D. separates【答案】B【解析】当科比说再见时，大家会感到心痛。根据句意可知，B项正确。四、七选五Think about what youve learned from a particular rumor experience，and let it help you make sure it never happens again.Here are a few tips that will help you. 1 The more private information that you make public，the more ammunition(把柄)rumors will have，so be careful who you confide in(向吐露). Try to understand where its ing from，and why.Is the rumor meant to hurt you，or is it just a case of misinformation or exaggeration？Its important to get this information before you react to the rumor. 2 Resist the urge to dish it out.Have you heard the saying “Someone can dish it out，but he or she cant take it”？ 3 If you spread gossip and rumors about others，you might bee a person who deserves a taste of his or her own medicine.Resist the urge to take revenge.If youve been the victim of gossip and rumors and you know who started spreading them，you might want to go“an eye for an eye” 4 And taking revenge in this way might make you feel good for a short time.But in the end，it will just keep the cycle of rumors going. 5 ABe cautious about making friends.BBe careful about your private information.CTry to persuade more people to be on your side.DSo if you can，figure out how the rumor occurs.EIn other words，dont be the person to spread rumors.FIts tending to make up lies or expose information that hurts others.GAnd make you as much of a bully(恃强凌弱者)as any other rumor starter.【语篇解读】本文为说明文。讲述的是如何正确应对谣言。1B根据下文的“The more private information that you make public，the more ammunition(把柄)rumors will have，so be careful who you confide in(向吐露)”可知，本段主要讲的是“对你自己的隐私要小心谨慎”，故选B项。B项中的“private information”也与文中的“private information”相匹配。2D根据本段的小标题“Try to understand where its ing from，and why.”及空前的内容可知，对谣言作出反应前，弄清楚谣言很重要。所以如果你能的话，要弄清楚谣言的来源和起因，故D项符合语境。3E根据本段的小标题“Resist the urge to dish it out.”及空处上下文的内容可知，空处讲的应是不要散播谣言相关的内容，故E项符合语境。4F根据下文的“taking revenge in this way”可知，空处的内容应是报复的方法，故F项符合语境。5G根据上文的内容可知，如果以散布谣言的方式报复别人的话，你可能会在短期内感觉良好，但是最后，这只会使得谣言继续被散布，故G项承接上文，进一步说明了这种报复方式的消极后果。
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