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Unit 3 A taste of English humour一、阅读理解Whenever we see a button，we want to press it because we know that something will happen.This is true in most cases，for example，on a doorbell.But some buttons are actually fake(假的)，like the “close”button on a lift.Many people are in the habit of pressing the“close”button because they dont have the patience to wait.But lifts“close” buttons are a plete trick，at least in the USthe doors will not close any faster no matter how hard you press.It started in the 1990s when the Americans with Disabilities Act was passed in the US，making sure that all lifts stayed open long enough so that people with disabilities could enter safely.Only repair workers can use the buttons to speed up the doorclosing process if they have special keys.But to normal lift riders，the buttons arent pletely useless.According to psychologists，fake buttons can actually make you feel better by offering you a sense of control.“A sense of control is very important.It reduces stress and increases wellbeing，”said Ellen JLanger，a psychology professor at Harvard University.Experts also added that a lot of buttons that dont do anything exist in our lives for this same purpose.For example，pedestrian crosswalk buttons dont live up to their names either.Pressing them used to help make the traffic signals change faster，but that was before putercontrolled traffic signals were introduced.But psychologists found it interesting that even when people are aware of these little“white lies”，they still continue to push fake buttons because as long as the doors eventually close，it is considered to be worth the effort.1What is the authors purpose in writing the text?ATo describe different fake buttons.BTo explore the functions of fake buttons.CTo analyze various habits of pushing buttons.DTo explain the disadvantages of fake buttons.2What can we learn about the“close”buttons on a lift in America?AThey work when people press them hard.BThey were designed for a sense of control.CThey never speed up the doorclosing process.DThey take the safety of the disabled into account.3What can we infer about pedestrian crosswalk buttons?AThey can make people feel better.BThey help puters work faster.CThey can control the traffic signals.DThey help pedestrians cross safely.4Which may be the best title for the passage?AButtons in the USABButtons Always LieCButtons May Not WorkD“Close”Buttons on Lifts【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了我们平时生活中所见到的按钮可能是不起作用的。【难句分析】Put psychologists found it interesting that even when people are aware of these little “white lies”， they still continue to push fake buttons because as long as the doors eventually close, it is considered to be worth the effort.分析：这是一个复合句。句子主干为psychologists found it interesting。it为形式宾语，真正的宾语为that引导的宾语从句；when 引导时间状语从句；because引导原因状语从句。译文：但是心理学家发现，有趣的是，甚至当人们意识到这些“善意的谎言”时，他们仍然继续按那些虚假按钮，因为只要最终门关了，那就被认为是值得努力的。1B考查推理判断。通读整篇文章可知，作者通过举例子介绍了不同地点的虚假按钮，其目的是探求这些虚假按钮的功能。故选B。A项“描述不同的虚假按钮”，C项“分析按按钮的不同习惯”，D项“解释虚假按钮的弊端”。A、C、D三项在文中均有提及但不是整篇文章的目的，故排除。2D考查细节理解。根据第三段第一句中的“making sure that all lifts stayed open long enough so that people with disabilities could enter safely”可知，美国电梯里的“关闭”按钮是为了确保残疾人能安全地通过。故选D。3A考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“fake buttons can actually make you feel better by offering you a sense of control”和第六段中的“For example，pedestrian crosswalk buttons dont live up to their names either”可知，人行横道按钮也没有实现其功能，但可以让人们感觉好一点，故选A。4C考查标题判断。通读全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了有些按钮只是形式上的，而不具备真正的实际功能。故C项“按钮可能不起作用”最符合文章主旨。故选C。二、单句语法填空1(2017北京高考)The national park has a large collection of wildlife，_ (range) from butterflies to elephants.答案：ranginga large collection of wildlife与range之间是主动关系，故用动词ing形式作后置定语。2Shopping is no longer just a necessity; it has bee a form of _(entertain)答案：entertainment介词of后接名词，故填entertainment “娱乐；娱乐活动”。3The news said that the schools in that southwestern area are _(bad) off for teaching equipment, and even teachers.答案：badlybe badly off for sth.“缺乏某物”。4To everyones _(astonish), he has won the game.答案：astonishmentto ones astonishment “使某人吃惊的是”。5The villager doesnt want more moneyhe is content _what he has.答案：withbe content with .“对感到满足”。6Sam _(convince) that his girlfriend loves him.答案：is convincedbe convinced that . “确信；相信”。7They were _(wear) out after working in the fields the whole day long.答案：wornbe worn out “筋疲力尽的”。8Up to now, I _(read) as far as the fifth chapter, the second volume of The War and Peace.答案：have readup to now “直到现在”，常与现在完成时连用。9The number of senior high school students is increasing, _is mentioned above.答案：as本句中，as引导非限制性定语从句。as is mentioned above “正如上边所提到的”。10The season runs June through August, with additional _(perform) in March and September.答案：performances形容词additional后应接名词，performance在本句中意为“表演”，是可数名词，由空后的介词短语可知表示多场表演，故填performances。三、完形填空。After 21 years of marriage, my wife wanted me to take another woman out to dinner and a movie. That Friday after work, I drove over to pick her up.We went to a restaurant that, although not 1 , was very nice and cozy. My mother took my arm2 she were the First Lady. During the dinner, we had an agreeable conversation nothing 3 butcatching up on recent 4 of each others life. We talked so much that we missed the 5 . As we arrived at her house later, she said, “Ill go out with you again, but only if you let me 6 you.” I agreed.“How was your 7 ?” asked my wife when I got home. “Very nice. Far 8 my wildest imagination” I answered.A few days later, my mother died of a heart attack. It happened so 9 that I didnt have a chance to do anything for her . Some time 10 , I received an envelope with a copy of a restaurant 11 from the same place where mother and I had dined. An 12 note said: “I paid this bill 13 . I wasnt sure that I 14 be there; but I still paid for two plates one for you and the other for your 15 .You will never know what that night 16 for me. I love you, son.”At that moment, I 17 the importance of saying in time: “I LOVE YOU” and to give time to our family. 18 in life is more important than your family. Give them the time they 19 , because these things cannot be 20 till “some other time.”语篇解读：本文通过讲述作者和母亲去吃饭的一次经历，和母亲的突然离世来告诉人们要多花些时间和亲人在一起，这比什么都重要。而不要等到子欲养而亲不待，让人抱憾终身。所以，无论多么忙，我们都应当和家人经常交流、共处，千万不要以各种理由把和家人交流、共处的时间一次次地推迟，因为生活中有些事情是不能往后推的，否则，有可能会留下终生的遗憾！1. A. grand B. fortable C. adaptable D. assistant【答案】A【解析】grand 宏伟的，豪华的；fortable 舒服的；adaptable adj.能适应的，可修改的；assistant 有帮助的。上下文存在让步关系，根据空后 nice 和 cozy 以及前面的否定意义可以判断前面指饭店不是很豪华，选 A。我们去了一家虽不豪华却很优雅舒适的饭店。2. A. even if B. as though C. so that D. in case【答案】B【解析】even if 即使；as though 仿佛，好像；so that 为了；in case 万一。母亲和儿子在一起感觉非常骄傲，就仿佛和第一夫人一般，此处是一种假设语气，选 B。妈妈挽着我的手臂，宛如第一夫人。3. A. unbelievable B. attractive C. adequate D. extraordinary【答案】D【解析】unbelievable 让人难以置信的；attractive 迷人的；adequate 足够的，合乎需要的，胜任的，令人满意的；extraordinary 非凡的。儿子和母亲的聊天没有什么大事，只是很随意，根据 but 的转折可知选 D。4. A. accidents B. events C. coincidences D. conditions【答案】B【解析】accidents 事故；events 事件；coincidences 巧合；conditions 条件，状况。母子的谈话只是涉及到彼此生活中发生的事情，选 B。吃饭的时候，我们谈得很愉快也没什么特别的事只是简单描述一下彼此生活中最近发生的事。5. A. bus B. appointment C. movie D. time【答案】C【解析】bus 汽车；appointment 约会；movie 电影；time 时间。从第一段 After 21 years of marriage, my wifewanted me to take another woman out to dinner and a movie.可知儿子带母亲去看电影，故选 C。我们谈得太尽兴以至错过了看电影。6. A. acpany B. order C. satisfy D. invite【答案】D【解析】acpany 陪同；order 命令，订购；satisfy 使人满意，满足；invite 邀请。从下文内容可知母亲打算准备请儿子吃饭看电影，选 D。当我送她回到家时，她说： “我会再跟你出去约会，但只要你让我陪着你。 ”我同意了。7. A. date B. dinner C. film D. mother【答案】A【解析】date 日期，约会；dinner 晚餐；film 电影；mother 母亲。根据首段可知妻子让作者约母亲吃饭看电影，由此判断妻子问丈夫约会的情况，选 A。8. A. from B. beyond C. beneath D. out of【答案】B【解析】from 从；beyond 超过，越过，那一边；beneath 在下面；out of 出于。固定短语：beyond imagination“难以想象，超出想象” ，选 B。 “你们的约会怎么样啊？”回到家时我妻子问。 “非常好。比我想象中要好得多。 ”我回答。9. A. instantly B. abruptly C. absolutely D. awfully【答案】B【解析】instantly 立即，马上；abruptly 突然；absolutely 绝对地；awfully 可怕地，十分。根据空后内容可知事情发生得非常突然，作者都没来得及做些什么，选 B。几天后，妈妈由于严重的心脏病发作去世了。发生得如此突然以至我没有机会为她做任何事。10. A. before B. ago C. later D. after【答案】C【解析】before 在之前；ago 在某段时间前；later 后来；after 在之后。从事情的发展可知此处指过了一段时间以后，选 C。11. A. receipt B. bill C. reception D. notice【答案】A【解析】receipt 收据；bill 账单；reception 接待；notice 注意。根据后句内容可知母亲已经提前支付了费用，由此判断信封里面装的是收据，选 A。12. A. predicted B. adapted C. attached D. approved【答案】C【解析】predicted 被预测到的；adapted 适应的；attached 附着的；approved 被认可的，经过检验的。在收据上附带着一张便条来说明情况，选 C。13. A. by chance B. on purpose C. for myself D. in advance【答案】D【解析】 by chance 偶然； on purpose 故意； for myself 为自己； in advance 提前。 根据后句内容 I wasnt surethat I 14 be there; but I still paid for two plates 可知母亲没等到和作者一起去吃饭， 是提前支付了费用，选 D。14. A. might B. should C. could D. would【答案】C【解析】母亲不确定自己是否能够再次和儿子一起吃饭，此处表示一种能能力，选 C。15. A. son B. wife C. friend D. colleague【答案】B【解析】son 儿子；wife 妻子；friend 朋友；colleague 同事。从上句内容可知母亲不确定自己是否能够到场，但还是付了两个人的钱，由此判断她计划给作者和他的妻子预定的，选 B。16. A. meant B. paid C. provided D. allocated【答案】A【解析】meant 意味着，意思是；paid 付款；provided 提供；allocated 分配。从上文第二段内容可知母亲对上次和儿子在一起吃饭感到特别开心，感觉那顿饭对她意味着很多，选 A。一段时间过后，我收到一个信封，里面有我和我母亲一起吃晚饭的地方的收据。收据附着一张便条上面写道：“我提前付了款。我不确定我是否还能去哪儿，我付了两份，一份为你，一份为你的妻子。你不知道那晚对我来说意味着什么。我爱你，儿子。”17. A. advocated B. appreciated C. admired D. applauded【答案】B【解析】advocated 提倡；appreciated 感激，领悟；admired 羨慕；applauded 鼓掌。从母亲的话和母亲的去世作者应该珍惜和家人在一起的重要性，选 B。18. A. Something B. Anything C. Everything D. Nothing【答案】D【解析】Something 某事；Anything 任何事；Everything 一切；Nothing 没什么。此处表达了作者清楚地认识到：没有什么会比你的家人更重要的啦，选 D。19. A. demand B. need C. deserve D. desire【答案】C【解析】demand 要求；need 需要；deserve 值得；desire 渴望。家人是最重要的人，他们应该得到我们更多的关注，得到更多的时间，选 D。20. A. put off B. called off C. taken off D. turned off【答案】A【解析】put off 推迟；called off 职消；taken off 起飞，脱掉；turned off 关掉。根据上文可知作者懂得了及时说“我爱你”的重要性，他也提醒读者“设有比你的家人更重要的了”所以不要把与他们共度的时光推迟到其某个时刻。 那一刻， 我明白了及时说出“我爱你”以及给予我们所爱的人他们应该得到的时间的重要性。生命中没有什么比你的家庭更重要。多花些时间陪陪你的家人，因为这些事情不能被推迟到“改天”。四、单句改错1Perhaps you can help me pick up a pair of jeans now, since you are an expert._答案：upoutpick out “挑选”。2She stood outside the station, looking at all directions, but apparently no one had e to meet her._答案：atinin all directions “朝/向四面八方”。3With the electricity being cut off, all the machines had to stop working._答案：去掉beingcut off与electricity存在逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词短语作宾语补足语，表示动作已完成。4Occasions are quite rare that I have time to spend a day with my kids._答案：thatwhen此处occasions意为“时机；时候”，在本句中为先行词，引导词在定语从句中作状语，表时间。故用when引导该定语从句。5Being too particular with what you wear is not a good habit._答案：withabout/overbe particular about/over “对挑剔/讲究”。五、七选五Want to live in a perfectly clean environment and make it shine brightly？ 1 Then you will not need to purchase expensive cleaning products.Clean the toilet with Coke.Its amazing how powerful Coke might be as a toilet cleaner. 2 Youll save your health by not consuming chemicals that Coke contains and save money by not purchasing professional cleaners.Pour some cola over the stains and leave it all for a few hours.Then let water wash the toilet!Remove water stains with orange peels.Youve just eaten an orange. 3 Do not throw away those orange peels. You can use the skins to clean stainless steel.Your appliances will shine again after you rub(擦)them with the skins.The peels can easily make those stubborn stains disappear in a second.Use banana peels to polish leather furniture.Experts claim that banana peels are great for polishing leather sofas and armchairs.Banana skins are rich in oils and have the right texture to do the task. 4 Afterwards，remove the leftover with a cloth.This trick is simple and cheap.Use it if you want your leather furniture to look brand new again. 5 Why would you want to buy one when you can make your own product that is cheap and nontoxic(无毒的)? Just pour 2 liters of slightly warm water into a deep bowl.Then add 50ml white vinegar and half a teaspoon of dishwashing liquid.Shake the bowl and then fill up a plastic spray with the mixture.Use it to clean windows and mirrors.Make your glass surfaces clean and shiny.AWait a minute!BMake your own glass cleaner.CFollow the steps given below.DOf course your answer is“yes”EThey leave no marks or scratches.FInstead of drinking it，use it to clean the toilet bowl.GThey are economical and safe to use on all of furniture.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。想生活在一个干净的生活环境中，让一切光洁发亮吗？那就按照以下步骤来做吧。无需购买昂贵的清洁用品，只需要一些小妙招。1C根据空前的“Want to live in a perfectly clean environment and make it shine brightly？”和空后的“Then you will not need to purchase expensive cleaning products.”以及接下来列举的几条小妙招可知，C项“跟着以下步骤做”能起到承上启下的作用。2F本段讲的是用可乐清理厕所，故F项“你可以不喝可乐，而是用它清洁马桶”符合语境。3A根据下文中的“Do not throw away those orange peels.”可知，吃了橘子后，稍待片刻，不要扔掉橘子皮，你可以用之清理不锈钢。所以选A。4E根据上文中的“Banana skins are rich in oils and have the right texture to do the task.”可知香蕉皮富含油脂，材质也非常适合擦拭皮质，使污痕或划痕统统不见。所以选E。5B根据下文中的“you can make your own product that is cheap and nontoxic(无毒的).”及“Use it to clean windows and mirrors.Make your glass surfaces clean and shiny.”可知，本段讲的是如何自制玻璃清洁剂，故B项符合语境。
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