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选修7 Unit 4 课下作业（一三）课下作业（一） 考点过关针对练.单词拼写1After the terrible earthquake, the government conveyed (运送) people to safer places.2I thought it would be easy, but a lot of problems have arisen (出现)3Once you have undertaken (承诺) it, you should do it.4Do you mind if I postpone (推迟) that appointment until next week?5The truck was carrying a load (大量) of sand.6You can enlarge (扩大) your knowledge and learn some English at the same time.7The performance runs two hours thirty minutes including an interval (间隔)8Would you please make my reservation (预订) to Chicago for tomorrow? 9World Health Day is celebrated every year on 7 April, which marks the anniversary (周年纪念日) of WHO.10I felt as if there was a weight on my chest, choking (使窒息) me.11A dozen ideas were considered before the architect (建筑师) decided on the design of the building.12The scientists are still working on inventing methods of reaching outer (外部的) space.13He divided the field into different sections (部分), where different vegetables were grown.14The Oxford English Dictionary is the best authority (权威) on English words.单句语法填空1Unfortunately(unfortunate), due to unforeseen circumstances, this years show has been cancelled.2Cyclists (cycle) are advised to wear helmets to reduce the risk of head injury.3I just want you to answer the question in a concrete and believable (unbelievable) phrase.4Weve seen an enormous growth (grow) in the number of businesses using the Web.5A major enquiry (enquire) is underway after the death of a union official.6He put through an important business deal over the weekend.7A large reception (receptionist) was held in honor of the brave explorers.8The research shows that puter games may cause aggression (aggressive)9I reserve my favorable ments for my former monitor.10The expert talked about how to make our statistical system link up with the international standards.单句改错1Owing to the bad weather, we decided to postpone leave.leaveleaving2I have taught some foreigners Mandarin for two years, which can help to take a load from your mind. fromoff3The manager undertook to improving the working arrangements in six months. improvingimprove4Its getting dark.I must be off now.OK, please take care and convey my best wishes with your family.withto5These changes arose differences in climate and nature.arose后加from6Why not to write to her? She needs your advice.去掉第一个to7On the chairs sitting three graduates, who came here for this job interview.sittingsat8His breaking the rules resulted from his being fined.fromin.完成句子1The countrys present difficulties arise_from/out_of the shortage of petroleum.这个国家当前的困境是由石油短缺造成的。2They undertook_to_finish_the_task by Monday.他们答应在星期一之前完成任务。3Id like to make_a_reservation of the ticket flying to London for July 5.我想预订7月5日飞往伦敦的机票。4How long will it take to load_the_coal_onto_the_truck?装一卡车煤需要多少时间？5I find it hard to convey_my_feelings in words at the moment.我发现此刻难以用言语表达我的感情。6Its_up_to_you_to_decide whether to carry out this plan or not.应该由你来决定是否实施这一计划。7My work is_linked_with/to previous research.我的工作和以前的研究相联系。8Why_dont_you_give_him_another_chance? After all, everybody makes mistakes.为什么不再给他一次机会呢？毕竟，每个人都会犯错。课下作业（二） 话题阅读培优练.根据提示填空The amount of time that people spend on travel is 1.1 hours per person per day in all societies. The average distance (distant) traveled is 7,400 miles (12,000 km) per year. In total, the world population travels more than 16.6 trillion miles (23 trillion km) per year, 53% of which is by car, 26% by bus, 9% by rail, 9% by highspeed_transport (高速运输) such as airplanes, and 3% by bicycle, boat and other means.It is estimated (估计) that, due to developments in highspeed public transport, travel time will drop to only 12 minutes per person per day by 2050. Of the_global_traffic_volume (全球交通流量), 35% will be by car, 20% by bus, 41% by highspeed transport, and 4% by rail.At present, traffic_congestion (交通拥堵) has a huge negative economic and environmental impact (影响) across the world. Road congestion in the UK costs the UK economy 15 billion a year. It costs the US D|S100 billion a year. In Seattle, Washington for instance, a driver (司机) spends an average (平均) of 59 hours caught in traffic each year. In the greater Seattle area there are more cars than people; each household makes an average of 10 motorcar trips a day. According to Sierra Club，“American cars and trucks account_for (占) 20 percent of the worlds petroleum consumption (consume)”The US has the most highways (highway), but European roads are busier. In Europe, cars travel more than 600 miles (1,000 km) per road per year, pared to an average of 500 km per road in the US. The worlds worst traffic_jam (交通堵塞) usually occurs during the summer on the road from Paris to Toulouse, France.片段选词填空popularity， benefit， monthly， service， available， make a reservation， pay for， car sharing， make a big trip to， have access toCar sharing is another way to drive green thats gaining in popularity,_especially in urban areas. People who may not drive every day but still want a car to run errands (差事) or drive on weekends benefit most from car_sharing. Car sharing is usually run by a service like Zipcar, though there are nonprofit and informal car sharing services. Members pay a monthly fee and have_access_to an entire fleet of cars when they need one. The cars are parked in fixed spots around the city, so members only need to make_a_reservation,_and then go to the pickup spot.Car sharing has major environmental benefits because it lessens the number of cars on the road. Members dont drive just because they have a car. They plan trips, and if they dont need a car, they dont use one. Still, a car is available to them if they need to make_a_big_trip_to the grocery store, pick someone up at the airport or if they want to go to the beach for the day. Members also benefit by having access to a car without any of the headaches of ownership. They usually dont have to pay_for gas, insurance or maintenance (保养)，and the monthly membership fee is less than a typical car payment. So if you really want to go green but arent ready to totally give up a car yet, car sharing may be the way to go.课下作业（三） 高考语篇提能练.阅读理解A(2019湖北七市联考)Real literary travelers often travel to the birthplace or residence of a writer, or to the setting of a famous scene. Weve prepared a small list of literary travel destinations.London, EnglandIn London, literary landmarks are so mon that “blue plaques” are often found on the homes or schools of famous writers. They have been introduced to show wellknown literary sites. One can be found at 221B Baker Street the apartment of famous fictional detective Sherlock Holmes. But watch out for false plaques, such as the Jacob Von Hogflumes, where the inventor of time travel would live in 2189.To truly experience literature in person, you can also visit StratforduponAvon, the birthplace of William Shakespeare, and watch nightly performances of his plays.Rome, Italy“Go to Rome at once the Paradise，The grave, the city, and the wilderness .”This is from an elegy (挽歌) to John Keats, who traveled to Rome in the hope that the air would cure his illness but died within three months. Despite the fact that Keats visit was a quick one, Rome has a reminder of it the KeatsShelley House.Just across the street is the Antico Caff Greco, a cafe frequented by famous authors like Dickens, Byron, Shelley ., but you probably get the idea that this is somewhere any literary traveler has to go.语篇解读：本文是一篇旅游指南，向文学旅行者介绍了伦敦和罗马的几个文学旅行景点。1According to the passage, true literary travelers are less likely to visit _.A221B Baker StreetBthe Jacob Von HogflumesCStratforduponAvonDthe KeatsShelley House解析：选B细节理解题。根据London, England部分中的“But watch out for false plaques, such as the Jacob Von Hogflumes”中的关键词“watch out for”(留意)和“false”(假的)可知，B项正确。2Whats the function of “blue plaques” in London?ATo confuse literary travelers.BTo introduce famous English writers.CTo show nightly performances.DTo represent famous literary landmarks.解析：选D细节理解题。根据London, England部分中的“They have been introduced to show wellknown literary sites”可知，蓝牌代表著名的文学地标，故D项正确。3Why is the Antico Caff Greco favored by literary travelers?AIt is famous for offering coffee of high quality.BIt was regularly visited by many famous writers.CIt is located opposite the KeatsShelley House.DIt is regarded as a reminder of Rome.解析：选B细节理解题。根据Rome, Italy部分中的“a cafe frequented by famous authors”可知B项正确。B(2019沈阳模拟)SYDNEY Visitors to an Australian tourist hotspot have been advised to use umbrellas to protect themselves against dingo attacks, according to research.Fraser Island, off the coast of Queensland, offers a rare opportunity to observe the native wild dogs, but people can occasionally meet dingoes acting in a threatening or aggressive manner toward them, resulting in human injury and, in one tragic case, death, according to a research paper published on Thursday in the Pacific Conservation Biology scientific journal.Reviewing a wide range of measures to help manage wild animals, the researchers said moves to minimize harm from dingoes have included electric fencing and warning signs.However, “strong umbrellas” and “mild chemical irritant (刺激性的) sprays” could also offer personal protection.Australian dingoes, which feature remarkably in native culture but are also viewed as a threat to livestock in some areas, are listed as an endangered species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature.The mediumsized dogs have broad heads, pointed muzzles, and red or yellow coats, and are found across the country except Tasmania, according to government agency Tourism Australia.Fraser Island stretches over 123 kilometres in length and 22 kilometres at its widest point.With an area of 184,000 hectares, it is the largest sand island in the world.The island prides attractions such as its superb scenery and humpback whales, and is also home to the most pure strain of dingoes remaining in eastern Australia.By bringing up instances of how an umbrella “rapidly opened in front of charging bears was enough to cause them to stop or move back”， the researchers said “an open, strong umbrella may also serve as useful protection against a dingo making a very close approach.”语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了澳洲野犬会对人类造成伤害，建议来澳大利亚的游客用雨伞来保护自己，不被澳洲野犬伤害。4Which of the following is TRUE about Australian dingoes?AThey are fierce and big.BThey are native and famous in Australia.CThey can be found in every island of Australia.DThey often cause harm to humans and livestock.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第二段第一句中的“the native wild dogs”和第四段第一句中的“which feature remarkably in native culture”可知，本题答案选B。5They are all attractions of Fraser Island EXCEPT _.AbearsBdingoesCsceneryDhumpback whales解析：选A细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句可知， 弗雷泽岛上的看点有优美的景色、座头鲸和澳洲野犬，不包括熊，故选A项。6We can learn from the last paragraph that _.Adingoes are as dangerous as bears in AustraliaBpeople always use umbrellas to frighten away bearsCif umbrellas work on bears, so do they on dingoesDthe umbrellas are specially designed against bears and dingoes解析：选C推理判断题。根据最后一段可推断，如果雨伞对熊起作用的话，那么对澳洲野犬也会起作用，故本题选C。C(2019兰州诊断)In the last few years, you may have noticed the term “microplastics” in the news. Microplastics are tiny pieces of plastic from discarded (丢弃的) plastic bottles, bags and containers that end up in rivers, lakes and oceans. Because they are so tiny and hard to see, researchers set sail to collect water samples and estimate the amount of plastic in the ocean. The 5 Gyres Institute, an organization aimed at reducing plastic pollution in our oceans, estimates that 296,000 tons of plastic is floating in the worlds oceans. But, if you think that oceans are the only water bodies with a microplastics problem, think again the problem is also reported in the Chesapeake Bay, in our own backyard.In a partnership with the 5 Gyres Institute, Trash Free Maryland took to the Chesapeake Bay in November to study the presence of microplastics in the water. Setting out from Deale, Maryland, the research team collected seven samples by dragging a trawl (拖网) for an hour at a time. The trawl was fitted with a coneshaped (锥形的) net, whose holes measure 330 microns (微米) wide, about the width of two to three strands of human hair. Water flows through the main opening and the fine mesh (网眼) of the net ensures anything suspended in the water is trapped behind.In seven samples, the net picked up algae (海藻), trash, foam and plastic. According to the 5 Gyres Institute representative, the first sample collected contained almost 10 times the amount of plastic than would be collected in a typical ocean sample. The plastic found in the Chesapeake Bay samples included bits of bags, sheeting, fishing lines and microbeads, which are small plastic scrubbers (磨砂) found in the face wash, toothpaste and cleaning products. Microbeads in particular are a major source of microplastics pollution worldwide. They are small enough to bypass water treatment systems filters (过滤器) and end up in waterways. Scientists warn that chemicals and toxins (毒素) absorbed by microbeads and other microplastics could be passed on to organisms who mistake them for food and eat them, and could then be passed up higher and higher on the food chain, eventually reaching humans.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。通过介绍塑料微粒，人们能更多地了解塑料带给环境的污染。7What is the second paragraph mainly about?AThe description of the trawl.BThe basic data of the water samples.CThe process of collecting water samples.DThe introduction of Trash Free Maryland.解析：选C段落大意题。根据第二段第二句中的“the research team collected seven samples by dragging a trawl (拖网) for an hour at a time”可知，第二段主要介绍收集水样的过程。8What does the underlined word “They” in the last paragraph refer to?ABits of bags.BChemicals.CMicrobeads.DMicroplastics.解析：选C代词指代题。根据画线词前一句的“Microbeads in particular are a major source of microplastics pollution worldwide”可知，They在此处指前文提到的Microbeads。9How does the author prove plastic pollution can be harmful to peoples health?ABy analyzing the data.BBy making parisons.CBy giving some examples.DBy referring to scientists views.解析：选D推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Scientists warn that chemicals and toxins (毒素) absorbed by microbeads . eventually reaching humans”可知，通过参考科学家的观点作者证明了塑料污染对人体健康有害。10Whats the authors purpose in writing this passage?ATo explain some new scientific terms to people.BTo let people learn more about plastic pollution.CTo urge governments to make environmental laws.DTo tell people some new findings in scientific research.解析：选B写作目的题。根据文章的描述可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是让人们更多地了解塑料污染。.阅读七选五(2019广州综合测试)Imagine that you are in a remote village somewhere with no medical clinic. _1_ Once the doctors get to you, they examine you and take blood samples, but they wont be able to help you until they take the samples back to the hospital to find out what is wrong. _2_ Thanks to engineer Andy Ozcan, many people may never be in this situation. He has invented an app that turns your mobile phone into a diagnostic (诊断的) tool.Ozcans invention is important because it is very accurate and easy to use. In many remote places, even if doctors have microscopes and other instruments to help them make diagnoses, there may still be other problems. Many doctors, for example, dont have enough training to correctly interpret what they see. _3_ With Ozcans mobile phone app, health workers can take a special photo of a blood sample and send it to a central puter at a hospital. The puter will then automatically interpret the photo and send a diagnosis back in a few minutes._4_ His technology only requires a mobile phone and an Internet connection. As more than four billion people already have cell phones, the cost of establishing the diagnostic system is fairly low.By inventing a medical tool that uses existing technology mobile phones, Ozcan has developed a medical tool that is both practical and economical. Therefore, it can be effective almost anywhere. _5_AAnother reason why Ozcans invention is important is that it is inexpensive.BEven though you may only have a simple infection (感染), you might die because of the delay.CPeople are trying to reduce the cost of this new medical tool.DOzcans simple, costeffective tool might just save millions of lives around the world.EThis tool has bee much more popular all around the world.FYou bee very sick and must wait days until a mobile medical unit arrives to help.GAs a result, they may diagnose illnesses incorrectly.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。在偏远地区，医生救助病人比较困难，工程师Andy Ozcan发明的诊断疾病的工具一种手机软件解决了这一难题。该工具仅需手机和网络连接，成本低廉，使用简单。1解析：选F根据空前一句并结合常识可知，假如你在一个没有医疗诊所的偏远村庄并且病得很重，你也必须等待数天才能得到帮助，故F项与上文衔接紧密。2解析：选B根据空前的“Once the doctors get to you . to find out what is wrong”可知，医生到达后检查你的身体并采集血样，但是他们无法立即帮助你，直到他们把血样带回医院去检测哪儿出了问题；据此可知，即便你只是患有普通的感染，你也可能会因为延误而死，故B项正确。3解析：选G根据空前一句可知，例如，许多医生因训练有限而无法正确诊断他们所看到的病情；因此，他们诊断出的疾病可能会不准确，故G项与此处匹配。4解析：选A根据空处所在的位置可知，空处为该段的主题句；由该段内容及第二段第一句可知，该段主要说明这个发明很重要的另一个原因，故A项正确。5解析：选D根据该段内容尤其是“Therefore, it can be effective almost anywhere”可知，由于经济实用，这个发明几乎可以在任何地方使用；据此可知，这种简单且合算的产品将可能挽救全世界数百万人的生命，故D项正确。
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