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Unit 4 Wildlife Protection一、阅读理解。Its generally believed that people act the way they do because of their personalities and attitudes. They recycle their garbage because they care about the environment. They pay $5 for a caramel brule latte because they like expensive coffee drinks.Its undeniable that behavior es from our inner dispositions(性情),but in many instances we also draw inferences about who we are, as suggested by the social psychologist Daryl Bem, by observing our own behavior. We can be strangers to ourselves. If we knew our own minds, why would we need to guess what our preferences are from our behavior? If our minds were an open book, we would know exactly how much we care about the environment or like lattes. Actually, we often need to look to our behavior to figure out who we are.Moreover, we dont just use our behavior to learn about our particular types of character we infer characters that werent there before. Our behavior is often shaped by little pressures around us, which we fail to recognize.Maybe we recycle because our wives and neighbors would disapprove if we didnt.Maybe we buy lattes in order to impress the people around us. We should not mistakenly believe that we always behave as a result of some inner disposition.Whatever pressures there can be or inferences one can make, people bee what they do, though it may not be in pliance(符合) with their true desires. Therefore, we should all bear in mind Kurt Vonneguts advice: We are what we pretend to be, so we must be careful about what we pretend to be.1.According to the passage, personalities and attitudes are monly believed to.A. determine ones behaviorB. reflect ones tasteC. influence ones surroundingsD. result from ones habits2.Which of the following would Daryl Bem most probably agree with?A. The return of a wallet can indicate ones honesty.B.A kind person will offer his seat to the old.C. One recycles plastics to protect the environment.D. One buys latte out of true love of coffee.3.What can be inferred from the underlined sentence in the passage?A. We fail to realize our inner dispositions.B. We can be influenced by outside pressures.C. Our behavior is the result of our true desires.D. Our characters can shape our social relationships.4.What does the author mainly discuss in the passage?A. Personalities and attitudes.B. Preferences and habits.C. Behavior and personalities.D. Attitudes and preferences.【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文。观其行知其人，那么行为又是由什么来决定的呢?1.A 【解析】考查细节理解。根据文章第一段的第一句话可知答案。人们通常认为性格和态度决定一个人的行为。故选A。3.B 【解析】考查推理判断。画线部分实际上是一个例子，例子前面往往是观点,因此根据画线部分前一句可知答案。我们有时候会受到外界压力的影响。故选B。4.C 【解析】考查主旨大意。全文主要阐述的是人的行为和性格的关系，所以选择C项。二、单句语法填空1More attention should be paid to (improve) the safety of school buses, which has bee a big concern of the whole society.答案：improving2Around 540 million people (affect) by secondhand smoke, which causes 100, 000 deaths per year.答案：are affected3I received a letter (contain) some important information about the project.答案：containing4I got close enough to hear them speaking Chinese, and I said “Ni Hao”， just I might do in China.答案：as5So I suggest you (keep) the balance between your study and entertainment, such as doing sports, listening to music and so on.答案：(should) keep6We appreciate (participate) in this activity, which has helped to build an emotional connection between the old and the young.答案：participating7After he retired, the old man did all he could to protect the old temple from (damage)答案：being damaged8Men and women must be treated equally in education and (employ)答案：employment9I will tell you the way you can study English well, because I know the way you have accepted is not the best.答案：that; that/which10No one has e up with a convincing explanation of why dinosaurs died 答案：out三、完形填空。That was my first ballet performance and I was the lead role. A huge black curtain 1 me from the crowd. My heart raced so rapidly that it would 2 out of my chest. A rush of 3 shot through my body when the music began and I took my 4 at the center of the stage. I pushed off the floor as hard as I could and 5 into the air. Then I started to e 6 for my landing, preparing to jump again, and yet my foot 7 . I fell, facefirst. For a moment I couldnt 8 ， wondering if I should go on. 9 ， trained for thousands of hours for twelve years, my muscles ignored the 10 of my mind and I 11 myself back on my feet. I finished the part and left the stage. Bending over a table, I tried to 12 tears. I didnt want to go back to finish the last twenty minutes. I didnt 13 the lead role.Then came my teacher. “The 14 thing on stage is to fall. Youve gotten it, so whats left to 15 ？ Just go and give it all.” Her words 16 me. Minutes later, I went back onstage and pletely let go of 17 I just danced, letting the music guide me through the movement.Now, as a Principal Dancer, I often think about that performance. We fall when we try our hardest. There is no 18 ，only pride. Falling is 19 and sometimes it is easier just to stay on the 20 But if we never get up，we will never experience what it is like to fly.【解题导语】作者通过讲述自己第一次芭蕾舞演出的经历告诉我们，当我们尽了最大的努力，即使跌倒了，也不是耻辱，而是骄傲。如果我们跌倒了再也不爬起来，我们就永远不会体验到飞翔的感觉。1A.coveredBhidCprotected DdroveB解析：演出还没有开始，巨大的幕布把作者藏在后面，与观众隔开。cover 意为“覆盖”；hide 意为“隐藏”；protect 意为“保护”；drive 意为“驱赶；驾驶”。故选B项。2A.beat BdropCrun DshoutA解析：此处描写作者紧张激动的心情：作者的心跳得很快，几乎要跳出胸膛。选项中只有 beat 有表示心脏跳动的含义。故选A项。3A.amazement BexcitementCsadness DsatisfactionB解析：由上句可知，作者非常激动、紧张，所以音乐响起时内心应该是激动的。 amazement 意为“惊异”； excitement 意为“兴奋；激动”；sadness意为“悲伤”；satisfaction意为“满意”。B项符合语境。4A.time BturnCplace DorderC解析：根据常识可知，作者是领舞，所以音乐响起后会站到舞台中央。take ones time意为“不慌不忙”；take ones turn意为“轮到某人”；take ones place意为“某人就位”；take ones order意为“为某人点餐”。故选C项。5A.flew BspunCrose DlookedA解析：根据空前的pushed off the floor 可知，这是作者在努力蹬离地面跃到空中。fly意为“飞翔”，表现芭蕾舞的腾空动作，符合语境，故选A项。spin意为“旋转”；rise意为“升起”；look意为“看”。6A.out BinCdown DoffC解析：上文提到跃到空中，再根据空后的preparing to jump again可知，此处是准备落地。故选C项。7A.slipped BstoppedCstepped DadvancedA解析：根据后面的I fell，facefirst.可推测，此处指作者摔倒了，可能的原因是脚下打滑了。slip意为“打滑”；stop意为“停止”；step意为“踏步”；advance意为“前进”。故选A项。8A.think BcryCmove DbelieveC解析：根据空后的wondering if I should go on 可知，作者当时不知道是否应该继续表演，由此可以推测，作者当时摔倒后不能动弹(move)。故选C项。9A.Therefore BHoweverCOtherwise DInsteadB解析：根据上文可知，作者不知道自己是否应该继续表演，然而十二年无数小时的训练使作者的肌肉本能地忽略了内心的犹豫，作者发现自己又站了起来，上下文之间是转折关系，故选B项。10A.loss BpainCrelief DhesitationD解析：根据上文中的wondering if I should go on 以及空格后的mind可知，作者当时在犹豫。loss意为“损失”；pain意为“疼痛”；relief意为“宽慰”；hesitation意为“犹豫”。故选D项。11A.found BdraggedCaccustomed DallowedA解析：作者发现自己又站了起来。find意为“发现”；drag意为“拖动”；accustom意为“使习惯”；allow意为“允许”。故选A项。12A.dry up Bwipe outCburst into Dfight backD解析：表演告一段落之后，作者回到了后台，伏在一张桌子上努力抑制住泪水。根据空前的tried to以及当时的舞台表演场合可知，作者应该是强忍泪水。dry up意为“使干涸”；wipe out意为“彻底毁灭；抹去”；burst into意为“突然起来”；fight back意为“抗争；克制；忍住”。故选D项。13A.play BdeserveCget DfinishB解析：作者在舞台上摔倒，觉得自己没资格当领舞。play意为“玩耍；参加；演奏”；deserve意为“应得；应受”；get意为“获得”；finish意为“完成”。故选B项。14A.unexpected BawkwardCmon DworstD解析：此处是老师的鼓励：舞台上最糟糕的事就是摔倒，你已经摔倒了，还有什么可失去的？unexpected意为“出乎意料的”；awkward意为“尴尬的”；mon意为“常见的”；worst意为“最坏的”。故选D项。15A.go BdoClose DsayC解析：没有什么比舞台上摔倒更糟糕的事了，所以不用害怕再失去(lose)什么。故选C项。16A.awoke BenrichedCexcited DsurprisedA解析：根据下文Minutes later, I went back onstage and pletely let go of .可知，作者又回到舞台继续表演，因此，此处指老师的话点醒了作者。awake意为“唤醒”；enrich意为“使丰富；充实”；excite意为“使兴奋；使激动”；surprise意为“使惊讶”。故选A项。17A.the music BmyselfCthe teacher DothersB解析：根据下文I just danced, letting the music guide me through the movement.可知，作者随着音乐尽情舞蹈，释放自己。故选B项。18A.excuse Bfear Cbenefit DshameD解析：结合上文作者认为自己摔倒是一种耻辱，而本句和下文则认为摔倒是一种骄傲。excuse意为“借口”；fear意为“害怕”；benefit意为“好处”；shame意为“羞耻”。故选D项。19A.shocking Binteresting Crare DterribleD解析：根据上文作者摔倒后的想法可知，此处应为摔倒很糟糕。shocking意为“惊人的”；interesting意为“有趣的”；rare意为“稀有的”；terrible意为“糟糕的”。故选D项。20A.spot Broad Cground DstageC解析：根据下文的get up和fly可知，此处是说摔倒后待在地上不再站起来更简单。spot意为“地点”；road意为“道路”；ground意为“地面”；stage意为“舞台”。故选C项。四、单句改错1With his attention fixing on his mobile phone, he didnt notice his headteachers appearance. 答案：fixingfixed2The scientist explained in his book how the universe was came into being. 答案：去掉was3Its standard practice for a pany like this one employ a security officer. 答案：在employ前加to4She is a kindhearted woman and often has a mercy on people who are in trouble. 答案：去掉mercy前的a5He was at loss for what to say to the teachers questionobviously he was lost in thought just now. 答案：在loss前加a五、单元语法现在进行时的被动语态1(2018北京第六十六中期中)The thief was caught stealing money from the shop opposite the school and (question) by the local police at the moment.答案：is being questioned2(2018安徽合肥模拟)You look so tired and pale. Anything wrong?I hate to plain，but a new road (build) throughout the night.答案：is being built3Doug，where is your coach Chow?See，he (interview) by a group of journalists.答案：is being interviewed4Some measures have been taken to prevent the environment from being destroyed.Yes. And the wildlife in this area (protect)答案：is being protected5Whats that terrible noise，David?Oh，I forgot to tell you. The new machines in the nearby plant (test)答案：are being tested
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