2019高考英语 阅读理解专题选编（1）（含解析）.doc

2019高考英语阅读理解专题选编（1）ATaylore is a kid who passes by to ride sometimes and help us with chores. Barely 15, shes never short of advice, and one of her favorite pastimes is teasing me about being afraid to go too fast on a horse.Last summer four of us rode down the trail behind our woods: my wife Karen, Taylore, Taylores friend Kendall and me. I was riding my 13-year-old, Tawny.We were two miles from home when, for some unexplainable reason,I pushed Tawny into a gallop（飞驰）. The other horses were anxious to catch up, and just like that, the race was on.Taylore brushed past my left leg and, seconds later, Kendall went by on my right. I realized Tawny was covering ground faster than Id ever seen her. She strained every muscle in her body to catch up with the girls. It was like a truck winding over a mountain road without brakes (闸). Part of me felt perfectly in control, while another part screamed that I wasnt.In half a mile I knew wed be crossing the highway, so I prayed that the girls would be fine. I gave up calculating how long it might take before my horse would be tried enough to want to slow down.I was just about out of answers when I saw the girls slowing in front of me. Their horses were relaxed and fortable, not even breathing hard. Taylores face glowed. She gave me a high five. Wow, you did well, she said. I knew youd go fast when you were ready.No one in the group had even broken a sweat, except me. I was still nervous from the crazy pace. My heart pounded too, but not from exercise. Karen claims I was showing off for the girls that day, and maybe shes right. But I think I had something to prove. Because despite my wrinkles (皱纹), glasses and gray hair, I was feeling young at heart. And, like a horse on a warm summer day, Im always ready to kick up my heels.1. How did the race between the girls and the author begin?A. His horses gallop made the other horses want to catch up.B. He wanted to show off his riding skills for the girls.C. They wanted to know whose horse could run fastest.D. They teased him about being afraid to go too fast on a horse.2. During the race, _.A. the authors horse outran the girls horses the whole timeB. the author was confident that Tawny was in controlC. the girls were so anxious to win that they sweated a lotD. the authors good performance took Taylore by surprise3. When the race ended, the authors heart pounded because _.A. he was feeling thrilled and youngB. it was really tough exercise for himC. he was worried that the girls might be in dangerD. he felt quite embarrassed that he had lost the race4. The phrase kick up my heels at the end can be replaced by _.A. devote myselfB. enjoy myselfC. accept my challengeD. take part in running petition【文章大意】文章描述作者和两个女孩骑马比赛，这让作者感到兴奋，也感到虽然自己上了年纪，但是有一颗年轻的心。1.A【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第三段的We were two miles from home when, for some unexplainable reason,I pushed Tawny into a gallop(飞驰). The other horses were anxious to catch up, and just like that, the race was on.可知，作者的马飞驰起来使得其它马想要赶上。故选A。3.A【解析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的I was still nervous from the crazy pace. My heart pounded too, but not from exercise. Because despite my wrinkles (皱纹), glasses and gray hair, I was feeling young at heart.可知，比赛结束的时候，作者的心狂跳因为他感觉兴奋而且年轻。故选A。B(2016齐鲁名校高三第一次联考)Have you ever run into a careless cell phone user on the street？Perhaps they were busy talking，texting or checking updates on WeChat without looking at what was going on around them.As the number of this new“species”of human has kept rising.they have been given a new namephubbers (低头族)Recently，a cartoon created by students from China Central Academy of Fine Arts put this group of people under the spotlight.In the short film，phubbers with various social identities bury themselves in their phones.A doctor plays with his cell phone while letting his patient die，a pretty woman takes selfie in front of a car accident site，and a father loses his child without knowing about it while using his mobile phone.A chain of similar events eventually leads to the destruction of the world.Although the ending sounds overstated the damage phubbing can bring is real.Your health is the first to bear the effect and result of it.“Constantly bending your head to check your cell phone could damage your neck，”Guangming Daily quoted doctors as saying，“the neck is like a rope that breaks after longterm stretching.”Also，staring at cell phones for long periods of time will damage your eyesight gradually，according to the report.But thats not all.Being a phubber could also damage your social skills and drive you away from your friends and family.At reunions with family or friends，many people tend to stick to their cell phones while others are chatting happily with each other and this creates a strange atmosphere，Qilu Evening News reported.It can also cost you your life.There have been lots of reports on phubbers who fell to their death，suffered accidents，and were robbed of their cell phones in broad daylight.1For what purpose does the author give the example of a cartoon in Para.2?ATo inform people of the bad effects of phubbing.BTo advertise the cartoon made by students.CTo indicate the world will finally be destroyed by phubbers.DTo warn doctors against using cell phones while treating patients.2Which of the following is NOT a risk a phubber may have?AHis social skills could be affected.BHis neck and eyesight will be gradually harmed.CHe will cause the destruction of the world.DHe might get separated from his friends and family.3Which of the following may be the authors attitude towards phubbing?ASupportive. BOpposed.COptimistic. DObjective.4What may the passage talk about next?ADefinition of phubbers.BPeople addicted to phubbing.CMeasures to reduce the risks of phubbing.DConsequences of phubbing.【解题导语】作者通过描述低头族过度使用手机所带来的危害，提醒我们应恰当使用手机。1解析：选A。推理判断题。根据第二段内容和第三段的“Although the ending sounds overstated the damage phubbing can bring is real.”可知答案应选A。2解析：选C。细节理解题。根据第四、五段可知。3解析：选B。作者态度题。从作者提供的卡通视频和后面提到的各种后果可知，作者是反对低头族的。4解析：选C。推理判断题。根据排除法，因为A、B、D在文中都已谈论过，下面应该告诉我们减少危害的措施了。CIn the more and more petitive service industry, it is no longer enough to promise customer satisfaction. Today, customer “delight” is what panies are trying to achieve in or order to keep and increase market share.It is accepted in the marketing industry, and confirmed by a number of researches, that customers receiving good service will promote business by telling up to 12 other people: those treated badly will tell their tales of woe to up to 20 people, 80 percent of people who feel their plaints are handled fairly will stay loyal New lunges for customer care have e when people can obtain goods and services through telephone call centers and the Internet. For example , many panies now have to invest(投资)a lot of money in information technology and staff training in order to cope with the “phone rage”caused by delays in answering calls ,being cut off in mid-conversation or left waiting for long periods.“Many people do not like talking to machines,” says Dr . Storey Senior Lecturer in Marketing at City University Business School. “Banks, for example, encourage staff at call centers to use customer data to establish instant and good relationship with them .The aim is to make the customer feel they know you and that you can trust the sort of fortable feelings people have during face-to-face chats with their local branch manager.” Remended ways of creating customer delight include: under-promising and over-delivering (saying that a repair will be calmed out within five hours ,but getting it done within two );replacing a faulty product immediately : throwing in a gift voucher(购物礼卷)as an unexpected “thank you” to rental customers ;and always returning calls ,even when they are plaints. Aiming for customer delight is all very well , but if services do not reach the high level promised , disappointment or worse will be the result . This can be eased by offering an apology and an explanation of why the service did not meet usual standards with empathy (for example,” I know how you must feel”), and possible solutions (replacement , pensation or whatever fames suggests best meets the case).Airlines face some of the toughest challenges over customer care. Fierce petition has convinced them that delighting passengers is an important marketing tool, while there is great potential for customer anger over delays caused by weather, unclaimed luggage and technical problems. For British Airways staff, a winning telephone style is considered vital in handling the large volume of calls about bookings and flight times. They are trained to answer quickly, with their name, job title and a “we are here to help” attitude. The pany has invested heavily in information technology to make sure that information is available instantly on screen. British Airways also says its customer care policies are applied within the pany and staff are taught to regard each other as customers requiring the highest standards of service. Customer care is obviously here to stay and it would be a foolish pany that used slogans such as we do as we please”. On the other hand, the more customers are promised, the greater the risk of disappointment.( ) 1. We can learn from Paragraph 2 that .A. plaining customers are hard to satisfyB. unsatisfied customers receive better serviceC. Satisfied customers catch more attention D. well-treated customers promote business( ) 2. The writer mentions “phone rage”(Paragraph 3) to show that .A. customers often use phones to express their angerB. people still prefer to buy goods onlineC. customer care bees more attentionD. customers rely on their phones to obtain services ( ) 3. What does the writer remend to create delight?A. Calling customers regularly B. Giving a “thank you” note.C. Delivering a quicker service D. Promising more gifts.( ) 4. If a manager should show his empathy (Paragraph6), what would he probably say?A. “I know how upset you must be.” B. “I appreciate your understanding.”C. “Im sorry for the delay.” D. “I know its our fault.”( ) 5. Customer delight is important for airlines because .A. their telephone style remains unchanged B. they are more likely to meet with plaintsC. the services cost them a lot of moneyD. the policies can be applied to their staff ( ) 6. Which of the following is conveyed in this article?A. Face-to-face service creates fortable feelings among customers.B. panies that promise more will naturally attract more customers.C. A pany should promise less but do more in a petitive market.D. Customer delight is more important for airlines than for banks.【参考答案】16、DCCABCD(2015济南3月模拟)If you think that running marathons will help you live a long and healthy life, new research may e as a shock.According to a recent scientific study, people who do a very strenuous workout are as likely to die as people who do no exercise at all.Scientists in Denmark have been studying over 1，000 joggers and nonjoggers for 12 years.The death rates from the sample group indicate that people who jog at a moderate pace two or three times a week for less than two and a half hours in total are least likely to die.The best speed to jog at was found to be about 5 miles per hour.The research suggests that people who jog more than three times a week or at higher speeds of over 7 mph die at the same rate as nonjoggers.The scientists think that this is because strenuous exercise causes structural changes to the heart and arteries(动脉)Over time, this can cause serious injuries.Peter Schnohr, a researcher in Copenhagen, said, “If your goal is to decrease risk of death and improve life expectancy, jogging a few times a week at a moderate pace is a good strategy.Anything more is not just unnecessary, and it may be harmful.”The implications of this are that moderate forms of exercise such as tai chi, yoga and brisk walking may be better for us than “iron man” events, triathlons and longdistance running and cycling.According to Jacob Louis Marott, another researcher involved in the study, “You dont actually have to do that much to have a good impact on your health.And perhaps you shouldnt actually do too much.”1The underlined word “strenuous” in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to “_”AhardBregularCpractical Dflexible2. The author presents some figures in Paragraph 2 to_.Asuggest giving up joggingBshow risks of doing sportsCprovide supportive evidenceDintroduce the research process3According to the scientists, why is too much exercise harmful?AIt may injure the heart and arteries.BIt can make the body tired out.CIt will bring much pressure.DIt consumes too much energy.4What can be inferred from the text?ANo exercise at all is the best choice.BMore exercise means a healthier life.CMarathon runners are least likely to die.DProper exercise contributes to good health.【解题导语】最新的一项科学研究显示：从事剧烈运动的人与根本不锻炼的人死亡几率是一样的，而适度的锻炼会有益于健康。1解析：选A。词义猜测题。此处指像马拉松一样的锻炼，所以strenuous应与hard意思相近，表示“艰苦的，费力的”。regular“定时的”；practical“实用的”；flexible“灵活的”。2解析：选C。写作手法题。作者在第二段中采用了列数字的方法，是为了提供支持的证据，能更有力地说明第一段的研究结论。3解析：选A。细节理解题。根据第二段的最后两句“The scientists think that this is because strenuous exercise causes structural changes. serious injuries.”可知，剧烈运动会导致心脏和动脉结构发生变化，从而有损健康。4解析：选D。推理判断题。根据最后两段可知，过度锻炼不仅没有必要，而且还可能有害，适当的锻炼会有助于健康。ECoffee is one of the most popular drinks throughout the world today. In fact, according to some estimates, over 30% of all adults in the world drink coffee at least once a day on the average. Coffee contains a kind of drug called caffeine. Caffeine is a chemical that stimulates (刺激) the nerves of the body. Drinking coffee tends to make people a little bit more awakeat least for a short timebecause of this stimulating effect on the nervous system. A cup of coffee has, on the average, about 3% caffeine in it.One story of the discovery of the coffee plant relates to this effect of caffeine. According to the story, coffee was discovered in East Africa. The story says that coffee was first found by a goat farmer named Kaldi. This was about the year 850. Kaldi was leading his animals through the mountains and the goats were stopping repeatedly to eat the plants near the path. Suddenly, some of the goats started jumping up and down in a very strange way. Kaldi figured out that the goats were acting this way because of the plants they were eating. Kaldi himself tried eating some of the green beans (豆荚) that the goats had been eating. He, too, felt the stimulating effect of the beans. Kaldi wanted to prove what had happened, so he picked some of the beans and took them back to the village, where he told his story.The green bean got the name Kaffa and later coffee because the beans were discovered in a place called Kaffa in Africa. Then for years, people used to eat a few of the green Kaffa beans when they were in the mountains and needed extra energy to do their work. It was later found that the coffee beans could be picked and then dried until they turned brown, and then they could be stored. If the beans were dried and stored, they could be used at any time.1.What is the purpose of drinking coffee?A. To bee more awake. B. To bee more healthy.C. To bee more happy. D. To bee more clever.2.How did the goats react after eating the plants?A. They fell asleep.B. They could not find their way home.C. They started jumping up and down.D. They wanted to eat more.3.Why did the green bean get the name Kaffa?A. Because Kaldi loved his home village very much.B. Because Kaldis goats loved the green bean very much.C. Because the beans were discovered in a place by this name.D. Because the beans could be picked and dried.【参考答案】1.A2.C3.C【解析】试题分析：本文为我们介绍了咖啡豆。通过一个牧羊人的故事为我们讲述了咖啡豆名字的起源及其产地和作用。1.理解题。从第一段中“Drinking coffee tends to make people a little bit more awake”中可以看出咖啡豆的作用是使人变得清醒，故选A。2.细节理解题。从文中第二段中“Suddenly, some of the goats started jumping up and down in a very strange way.”可以看出吃了这种植物后，一些羊开始以很奇怪的方式的跳上跳下，故选C。3.细节理解题。从最后一段第一句“The green bean got the name Kaffa and later coffee because the beans were discovered in a place called Kaffa in Africa.”可知，这种青豆开始叫“Kaffa”后来变为“咖啡”是因为它是在非洲一个叫Kaffa的地方被发现的，故选C。考点：事物说明类阅读