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Module 6 Unexplained Mysteries of the Natural World一积词汇见多识广课内单词回扣(一)阅读词汇写其义1footprint n脚印；足迹2creature n动物；生物3grey adj. 灰色的 4claw n. 爪 5nail n. (手、脚的)指甲；爪 6journal n. 杂志；学报；期刊7border n. 边境；国界 8volcanic adj. 火山的9evolve vi. 进化；演变 10emperor n. 皇帝11sighting n. (珍奇动物等的)目击；发现(二)表达词汇写其形1attack vt. 袭击；攻击 2sharp adj. 锋利的；尖的3claim vt. 声称 4calm adj. 平静的5sceptical adj. 怀疑的；不相信的 6cover vt. 占地(多大面积)7reputation n. 名誉；名声 8positive adj. 正面的9generous adj. 有雅量的；大方的；心地高尚的(三)拓展词汇灵活用*1.frightening adj.吓人的frightened adj.害怕的frighten vt.使害怕fright n害怕*2.exist vi.存在existence n存在*3.mysterious adj.神秘的mystery n神秘的人(或事物)；奥秘4.unlikely adj.不可能的(反义词)likely adj.可能的5.disappear vi.不见；消失(反义词)appear vi.出现6.destruction n毁坏destroy vt.毁坏；摧毁destructive adj.破坏性的7.unpredictable adj.变化莫测的(反义词)predictable adj.可预测的；不出所料的predict vt.预测；预言8.indicate vt.象征；暗示indication n象征；迹象9.identity n身份；特性identify vt.辨别；确认*10.fortune n运气；命运；财富fortunate adj.幸运的fortunately adv.幸运地用上面标注*的单词的正确形式填空1Some natural mysteries of the ancient times are still mysterious to people today.(mysterious)2To his fright,_the frightening scene frightened the other frightened children into crying.(fright)3Fortunately,_he came to the new island safely. It is also fortunate for him to make his fortune here.(fortune)4There exists an old hospital at the corner, but no one knows when it came into existence.(exist)话题单词积累1depth/dep/ n 深(度); 深处2scare/ske/ v. 恐吓；受惊吓3awesome/s()m/ adj. 使人敬畏的；令人畏惧的4suck/sk/ v. 吮吸5flee/fli/ v. 逃避；逃跑；逃离6powerful/pafl/ adj. 强有力的7spirit/spIrIt/ n. 精神8tail/teIl/ n. 尾巴9wild/waIld/ adj. 野生的10fur/f/ n. 毛皮11thick/Ik/ adj. 浓密的12track/trk/ n. 踪迹，足迹13length/le/ n. 长度14shoulder/ld/ n. 肩膀15evidence/evId()ns/ n. 证据16convinced/knvInst/ adj. 确信的，深信的17ancestor/nsest/ n. 祖先18solve/slv/ v. 解决19survive/svaIv/ v. 幸存20unsolved/nslvd/ adj. 未解决的，未解答的21manlike/mnlaIk/ adj. 像人的22enormous/Inms/ adj. 巨大的23prove/pruv/ v. 证明24confirm/knfm/ vt. 确认25false/fls/ adj. 伪造的26firmly/fmli/ adv. 坚定地27current/kr()nt/ adj. 当前的28swallow/swl/ v. 吞下；咽下二积短语顿挫抑扬课内短语回扣(一)根据汉语写出下列短语*1.close_to接近；靠近2.stick_out伸出3.be_sceptical_about 对怀疑 4.be_related_to 与有关5.die_out 灭绝 6.go_for 选择；喜欢*7.due_to 由于；因造成*8.e_straight_to_the_point 谈正题；开门见山*9.cut_off 切断；使隔绝*10.throw_light_on/upon 阐明某事；帮助弄清楚(二)用上面标注*的短语完成下列句子1In the north of India, the population is booming due_to high birth rates.(2017江苏高考)2Id feel cut_off if I didnt know what was happening in the world.3Although regular exercise is very important, its never a good idea to exercise too close_to bedtime.4Dont waste time! Lets e_straight_to_the_point.5Your statement doesnt throw_light_on/upon the subject.话题短语积累1(be) scared to death吓死了2dozens of 许多3run after 追逐4belong to 属于5be linked to 与有联系6make ones way 前进7be similar to 与相似8search for 寻找9over the past several decades 在过去的几十年里10a great deal of 许多11take place 发生12a chain of 一串13in shape 在外形上14range from . to . 从到不等15be bound to 必然，一定要三积句式写作扮靓课内句式仿写1动词不定式的完成式to have done例句He claims to have seen a round black creature moving quickly through the water.仿写科学家们声称在攻克癌症方面取得了重大突破。Scientists claimed to_have_made_a_major_breakthrough in the fight against cancer.2There be结构的现在完成式例句There have been reports of monsters in Lake Tianchi since the beginning of the last century, although no one has seen one close up.仿写从那时起，我们的国家发生了巨大的变化。There_have_been great changes in our country since then.3be unlikely to do sth.“不可能做某事”例句They say that the lowtemperature lake is unlikely to be able to support such large living creatures. 仿写史蒂芬霍金认为，地球可能不是唯一有生命进化的行星。Stephen Hawking believes that the earth is_unlikely_to_be the only planet where life has developed gradually.4“beof名词”结构，表示主语的类属或属性例句Other members of the royal family were allowed to wear dragon symbols, too, but with fewer claws and of a different colour. 仿写一个和谐的家庭对于孩子的个人成长是有益的。A harmonious family is of_benefit_to a childs personal development.话题佳句背诵1The Yeti is said to be a large, hairy animal that walks on two feet like a human being.据说雪人是体形很大、多毛的动物，像人一样直立行走。2If such creatures really exist, we might have the chance to see one with our own eyes.如果这样的动物确实存在的话，我们可能会有机会亲眼看到。3Well try to get as close as possible to the animals, even though they are dangerous, so that we can take some really good photographs.尽管这些动物很危险，我们将尽可能靠近它们以便我们能拍些很好的照片。4Bigfoot is described as a large apelike creature, 23 meter tall, weighing over 500 pounds and covered in a dark brown, or dark reddish hair. 大脚怪被描述为一个巨大的毛猿型生物，23米高，重量超过500英镑，覆盖着黑棕色或黑红色的头发。5Although we cant solve these mysteries, I believe that, in the future, they will eventually be conquered by human beings.尽管我们不能解决这些神秘之事，我相信，将来它们最终会被人类攻克。四背语段语感流畅There are many unsolved mysteries of the natural world, of which the Bermuda Triangle is a frightening one. This area is roughly triangular in shape. Over the past several decades, at least hundreds of ships and planes and over a thousand people have disappeared. Some people think the incidents were due to aliens. Some believe they might be related to special weather there. But no one can give a powerful evidence to throw light on the incidents. It is predictable that in the future we are bound to solve the mysterious phenomenon with the development of science and technology.自然界中有许多未解之谜，其中百慕大三角就是令人害怕的一个谜。这个地区在外形上大约是个三角形。在过去几十年里，至少有好几百艘船、飞机、1 000多人已经消失了。一些人认为这些事件是由于外星人，一些人认为它们可能与那儿特殊的天气有关，但是没有人能给出强有力的证据来阐明这些事件。可以预料的是，随着科技的发展，我们将来一定会解决这个神秘的现象。 第一板块重点词汇突破师生共研词汇1exist vi.存在；生存；生活；继续存在教材原句Spirit is something that continues to exist after death.灵魂是人死后继续存在的东西。(1)exist in存在于之中exist on live on 靠生存；靠生活There exist(s) . 有(存在)(2)existence n. 存在；生存；生活in existence 现存的；存在的e into existence/being 产生；存在There_existed an obvious conflict between the accounts of the witnesses, so a judgment was not announced in court.目击证人的证词存在明显的分歧，所以判决没有被当庭宣判。You cant imagine what difficulty they have existing on the money hes earning.你无法想象他们靠他挣的那点钱维持生活是多么的困难。Scientists have many theories about how the universe first came into existence (exist)关于宇宙的起源，科学家有许多种理论。名师指津exist是不及物动词，不能用于被动语态和进行时。2claim vt.& n声称；主张；认领；索赔；夺去(生命)教材原句Although no one really got a clear look at the mysterious creature，Xue Junlin，a local photographer，claimed that its head looked like a horse.尽管没有人真正看清楚过这个神秘怪物，但当地的一位摄影师薛俊林声称它的头看起来像马头。一词多义写出下列句中claim的含义Two young girls claim to have seen the fairies.声称The police said that if no one claims the watch, you can keep it.认领Because the accident had not been her fault, Barbara was able to claim damages. 索赔The car crash claimed three lives. 夺去(生命)(1)claim to do sth./that . 声称/主张做It is claimed that . 有人主张；据说claim sth.from sb. 向某人索要某物(2)make a claim for . 要求make a claim to sth. 认领某物；提出要得到某物I think you can claim money from the insurance.我认为你可以向保险公司索取赔款。He entered the managers office and made_a_claim_for higher pay.他走进经理的办公室，提出更高报酬的要求。3calm adj.平静的；镇静的；沉着的v.(使)平静；镇定下来n.平静，宁静教材原句Mr Li Xiaohe said that he and his family were able to see the monster clearly because the weather was fine and the lake was calm.李晓和先生说他和他的家人清楚地看见了怪物，因为当时天气好，湖水平静。(1)calm oneself(使)自己平静下来calm (sb.) down (使某人)平静下来，镇静下来(2)keep/stay/remain calm 保持镇静Deeply moved by what she said, he could hardly calm_down.被她说的话深深地感动，他几乎无法平静下来。It is important to_keep/stay/remain_calm in an emergency.情况紧急的时候，保持镇静是重要的。He took a deep breath and calmed himself.他深呼吸使自己平静下来。4adapt v(使)适应；(使)适合；改编；改写教材原句If you can adapt to something，you can change in order to make the situation better.如果你能适应某事，你就能为了情况变得更好而改变。(1)adapt oneself to使自己适应adapt to 适应be adapted from 根据改写/改编be adapted for 为改编/改写(2)adaptable adj. 能适应的；可修改的adaptation n. 适应；改编；改写本Ben, as a new immigrant from China, found it hard to adapt to the American life.本，作为一名来自中国的新移民，发现很难适应美国的生活。This machine has been specially adapted (adapt) for use underwater.这种机器是为水下使用特别改装的。Have you watched the TV series adapted from his novel of the same name?你看过由他的同名小说改编的电视剧吗？名师指津adopt与adapt词形相近，但adopt意为“采纳；采用；收养”。5fortune n运气；命运；财富教材原句So the Chinese dragon was a bringer of good fortune.因此，中国龙是带来好运的使者。(1)try ones fortune碰运气bring good fortune 带来好运seek ones fortune 寻找出路；寻找发财的机会make a fortune 发财(2)fortunate adj. 运气好的；幸运的fortunately adv. 幸运地unfortunately adv. 不幸地；遗憾地In China, children are given money in a red envelope to bring_good_fortune in the New Year.在中国，给孩子们压岁钱时把钱装在红色信封里，以祈求在新的一年带来好运。It is said that the old man made_a_fortune abroad by collecting old things.据说这位老人在国外靠收废旧物品发了财。The fact is that nowadays many young people are seeking_their_fortune in big cities.事实是现在很多年轻人正在大城市寻找发财的机会。词汇过关练.单句语法填空1Since Mr Evans took over the firm last month, he has adapted to the busy schedule.2There are a lot of signs indicating (indicate) men are more likely to have heart attacks than women.3He said they did not want war, but if attacked (attack) they would fight to the death.4He claimed to_have_done (do) the work without help.5I was fortunate (fortune) to catch todays last bus at the last minute.6It was said that this was the only copy of the book in existence.7Jeremy Lin has earned a good reputation at home and abroad for his excellent basketball skills and has won over thousands of fans.8There is worldwide concern about the destruction (destroy) of the rain forests.9Calm down! I have something important to announce.10She hid her thoughts behind a mysterious (mystery) smile.单句改错1There exists many factors influencing the childrens future success.existsexist2Mother was worried about whether she could adapt to live in the mountainous village alone.liveliving3One thousand dollars a month is not fortune but would help cover my living expenses.not后加a4No one knows for sure when such a custom first came to existence.tointo5At last the tourists managed to escape from the dangerous place, hungry and frightening. frighteningfrightened.单句写作(同义替换/一句多译)1The young scientist doesnt believe (is_sceptical_about) the theory raised by the authority.2她声称曾经被总统接见过。She claimed_to_have_ever_been_met by the president. (claim to do sth.)She claimed_that_she_had_ever_been_met by the president. (claim that .)3在这种状态下，婴儿很难安静下来。In this state, it_is_difficult_to_make_the_baby_calm.(calm adj.)In this state, the_baby_is_difficult_to_calm_down.(calm v)第二板块短语、句式突破1die out灭绝；(习俗、习惯等)消失教材原句Perhaps too much fighting caused the dinosaurs to die out.或许是太多的争斗使得恐龙灭绝了。die away(声音或感情等)慢慢变弱，渐渐消失die down (风或噪音等)渐弱；逐渐平息die off 相继死去；一一死去die of/from . 死于die for 为而死；渴望Although the wind has died_down,_the rain remains steady, so you still need a raincoat.尽管风小了，但是雨仍然不停，因此你仍需要一件雨衣。The sheep the old man raised died off one by one.老人饲养的绵羊一只只相继死去。2due to由于；因造成；应支付；应归于教材原句Some experts believe it is due to the animals the myths grew out of.一些专家认为这是由于那些神话传说中的动物引起的。due adj.欠款的；预定的；到期的be due to do sth. 预期做某事，预定要做某事be due to sth./sb. 归因于某事/某人；欠某人be due for sth. 应得到；应有It is wellknown that the global water shortage is being increasingly severe due_to_global_warming.众所周知，由于全球变暖，全球水资源短缺(问题)正变得日益严重。The bus was due_to_arrive at 5：00 pm, but it arrived one hour late due_to_the_heavy_fog.公共汽车本应下午五点钟到达的，但由于大雾它晚了一个小时。She is due_for_the_money,_but she havent got it yet.她应得到那笔钱的，但是她至今还未拿到。名师指津due to意为“由于；因造成”时to为介词；当due to意为“即将/预期做”时to为不定式符号。3He claims to_have_seen a round black creature moving quickly through the water.他声称看见一个黑黑的、圆圆的动物在水中快速游动。本句中的to have seen是动词不定式的完成式，表示动作发生在主句谓语动作claim之前。动词不定式的三种形式：一般式to do; to be done表示不定式的动作与谓语动词表示的动作同一时间发生或发生在其后进行式to be doing表示不定式的动作与谓语动词表示的动作同一时间发生，并且动作正在进行完成式to have done; to have been done表示不定式的动作发生在主句谓语动词表示的动作之前In order not_to_be_deserted (desert) by the society, no matter who we are, we must relate to the call of the times.为了不被社会淘汰，无论我们是谁，都应该响应时代的号召。Im terribly sorry to have_put (put) you through so much trouble.我非常抱歉，让你经受了这么多的麻烦。The boy pretended to_be_concentrating (concentrate) on his lesson, but in fact his mind was wandering.男孩假装正在专注于功课，但事实上他的思想在开小差。短语、句式过关练.die短语介、副词填空1Let us remember the brave who died for the peace of the world.2Some traditional skills are dying out because they fail to appeal to the younger generation.3The strange noise died away and an absolute silence closed in upon us.写出下列句中due to的含义1The teams success was largely due to her efforts.归功于2The project had to be abandoned due to a lack of money.由于3I received nothing except what was due to me.应归于4His new book is due to be published next month._预期，预计5You have not given what is due to me.应支付；欠.运用所学短语完成下面语段Why did so many species 1.die_out (灭绝)? Some scientists think it is 2.due_to (由于) climate changes, while others 3.are_sceptical_about (对怀疑) it. Both sides still cant 4.throw_light_on (阐明) the real reason. But they all believe they are 5.close_to (接近) the truth.句型转换1Whether wildlife can be well protected is very important.Whether wildlife can be well protected is_of_great_importance.2If a nuclear war ever breaks out, it is unlikely that many people will survive.If a nuclear war ever breaks out, many people will be_unlikely_to_survive.3He claims that he has written the article in two days.He claims to_have_written the article in two days.提能一用课文词汇写高分作文exist， indicate， disappear， extinct， adapt， destroy， fortune， claim， die out， due to1补全要点句(“黑体”部分选用上面方框中的单词或短语)人们相信稀有动物的存在使我们的世界丰富多彩，充满生机。It is believed that the existence of rare animals has made our world lively and colorful.研究表明一些动物正在灭绝。Some research indicates that some animals are dying_out.一旦从世界上消失，它们不可能复活。Once disappearing from the world, it is impossible for them to e back to life.它们濒临灭绝的原因是它们不能适应环境，部分原因是由于人类活动。They go extinct because they cant adapt to the environment, partly due_to human activities.许多猎人靠打猎生存。他们为了发财破坏它们的栖息地。Many hunters exist on hunting animals. They destroy their habitats to make a fortune.许多人主张政府应该采取措施来保护动物。A lot of people claim that the government should take measures to protect the animals.2升级平淡句(1)用动词不定式的完成式改写句The_existence_of_rare_animals_is_believed_to_have_made_our_world_lively_and_colorful.(2)用be unlikely to do sth.改写句Once_disappearing_from_the_world,_they_are_unlikely_to_e_back_to_life.3衔接成语篇(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇：however, in my opinion, as we all know, even, to our relief)The existence of rare animals is believed to have made our world lively and colorful. However, some research indicates that some animals are dying out. Once disappearing from the world, they are unlikely to e back to life. In my opinion, they go extinct because they cant adapt to the environment, partly due to human activities. As we all know, many hunters exist on hunting animals. They even destroy their habitats to make a fortune. However, to our relief, a lot of people claim that the government should take measures to protect the animals.提能二用课文句型解构高考长难句本单元突破点同位语中包含定语从句经典例句比较分析真题尝试翻译课文长难句In the west, the idea of the dragon probably came from the snake an animal which people hated and were afraid of.本句中“an animal”作“the snake”的同位语，同位语中包含了一个由which引导的定语从句。在Winnipeg这个地方有个叫Hannahs Place的应急庇护所，这是汉纳为之感到自豪的地方。真题长难句There is an emergency shelter in Winnipeg called “Hannahs Place”， something that Hannah is very proud of.(2017北京高考完形填空)本句中something是名词shelter的同位语；其后跟定语从句“that Hannah is very proud of”。“自然界的未解之谜”是高考阅读理解中的常考话题。常常停止匆匆的步伐驻足仰望，在静谧的夜空下苦思冥想，头顶的那一方无垠苍穹，究竟隐藏了多少奥秘？当遍布天体的宇宙不再只是孤独相望，当静悄悄的星体上升开始活跃生灵的迹象，对未知及自身生存的探讨似乎渐渐成了一份永恒的追问和不懈的探索。回顾历年高考试题，有关此话题的题目通常在阅读理解中考查。话题与语篇考题示例(2015四川高考阅读E)1No one is sure how the ancient Egyptians built the pyramids near Cairo. But a new study suggests they used a little rock n roll. Longago builders could have attached wooden poles to the stones and rolled them across the sand, the scientists say.2“Technically, I think what theyre proposing is possible，” physicist Daniel Bonn said.3People have long puzzled over how the Egyptians moved such huge rocks. And theres no obvious answer. On average，each of the two million big stones weighed about as much as a large pickup truck. The Egyptians somehow moved the stone blocks to the pyramid site from about one kilometer away.4The most popular view is that Egyptian workers slid the blocks along smooth paths. Many scientists suspect workers first would have put the blocks on sleds (滑板). Then they would have dragged them along paths. To make the work easier, workers may have lubricated_the_paths either with wet clay or with the fat from cattle. Bonn has now tested this idea by building small sleds and dragging heavy objects over sand.5Evidence from the sand supports this idea. Researchers found small amounts of fat, as well as a large amount of stone and the remains of paths.6However, physicist Joseph West thinks there might have been a simpler way, who led the new study. West said, “I was inspired while watching a television program showing how sleds might have helped with pyramid construction. I thought, Why dont they just try rolling the things？” A square could be turned into a rough sort of wheel by attaching wooden poles to its sides, he realized. That, he notes, should make a block of stone “a lot easier to roll than a square”7So he tried it.8He and his students tied some poles to each of four sides of a 30kilogram stone block. That action turned the block into somewhat a wheel. Then they placed the block on the ground.9They wrapped one end of a rope around the block and pulled. The researchers found they could easily roll the block along different kinds of paths. They calculated that rolling the block required about as much force as moving it along a slippery (滑的) path.10West hasnt tested his idea on larger blocks, but he thinks rolling has clear advantages over sliding. At least, workers wouldnt have needed to carry cattle fat or water to smooth the paths.1Its widely believed that the stone blocks were moved to the pyramid site by_.Arolling them on roadsBpushing them over the sandCsliding them on smooth pathsDdragging them on some poles2The underlined part “lubricated the paths” in Paragraph 4 means_.Amade the paths wetBmade the paths hardCmade the paths wideDmade the paths slippery3What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 7 refer to?ARolling the blocks with poles attached.BRolling the blocks on wooden wheels.CRolling poles to move the blocks.DRolling the blocks with fat.4Why is rolling better than sliding according to West?ABecause more force is needed for sliding.BBecause rolling work can be done by fewer cattle.CBecause sliding on smooth roads is more dangerous.DBecause less preparation on paths is needed for rolling.5What is the text mainly about?AAn experiment on ways of moving blocks to the pyramid site.BAn application of the method of moving blocks to the pyramid site.CAn argument about different methods of moving blocks to the pyramid site.DAn introduction to a possible new way of moving blocks to the pyramid site.策略指导(一)这样读
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