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Module 6 Unexplained Mysteries of the Natural World(一)课前自主学习.阅读单词知其意1monster n怪物2footprint n. 脚印；足迹3creature n. 动物；生物4grey adj.纵联1 灰色的5claw n. 爪6nail n. (手、脚的)指甲；爪7journal n. 杂志；学报；期刊8sighting n. (珍奇动物等的)目击；发现9seal n. 海豹10volcanic adj. 火山的11extinct adj. 绝种的；消亡了的 12evolve vi. 进化；演变13fierce adj. 凶猛的；残暴的14unpredictable adj. 变化莫测的15border n. 边境；国界16myth n. 神话；神话故事.重点单词写其形1attack vt. 袭击；攻击2claim vt. 声称；认领3surface n. 表面；水面4calm adj.纵联2 平静的；镇静的5sceptical adj. 怀疑的；不相信的6unlikely adj. 纵联3 不可能的7cover vt. 占地(多大面积)8adapt vi. 适应；适合9disappear vi. 不见；消失10generous adj. 有雅量的；大方的；心地高尚的11reputation n. 名誉；名声.拓展单词通其变1frightening adj.吓人的frightened adj.害怕的frighten vt.使害怕fright n害怕2exist vi.存在existence n存在3mysterious adj.神秘的mystery n神秘之事；神秘4destruction n毁坏destroy v毁坏；摧毁destructive adj.毁灭性的；破坏性的5positive adj.正面的negative adj.负面的6indicate vt.象征；暗示indication n象征；迹象7identity n身份；特性identify vt.确定；辨别8fortune n运气；命运；财富fortunate adj.幸运的fortunately adv.幸运地纵联1.“五颜六色”形容词大世界grey灰色的red红色的green绿色的 blue蓝色的yellow黄色的 black黑色的white白色的 purple紫色的brown褐色的 pink粉色的纵联2.不一样的“静”calm adj.平静的；镇静的 quiet adj.安静的still adj.不动的 silent adj.沉默的纵联3.un否定前缀集锦unlikely adj.不可能的 unfortable adj.不舒服的unreal adj.不真实的 unlimited adj.无限的unexpected adj.没料到的 unbelievable adj.难以置信的单元话题自然世界子话题1自然地貌stream n溪流 pond n池塘bay n海湾 port n港口strait n海峡 wetland n湿地；沼泽地oasis n(沙漠中的)绿洲 jungle n丛林，密林canyon n峡谷 glacier n冰川子话题2生物保护endangered adj.濒临灭绝的 humane adj.人道的extinction n灭绝；消亡 survive v幸存coexistence n共存 wildlife nU野生动植物ecology n生态学 habitat n栖息地reserve n保护区 species n种类；物种学考对接活学活用高考采撷(一)阅读中的词汇应用1(2012山东高考阅读A) (fortune), the leaders invested the money unwisely and lost millions of dollars.In addition, they used millions more dollars for personal expenses.Soon people realized that they had a terrible problem their phosphate was running out.Ninety percent of their island was destroyed and they had nothing.用fortune的正确形式填空：Unfortunately写出destroyed在本单元中的同根名词：destruction2(2009安徽高考阅读B) Of course, the good of oxen is not limited to plowing.In fact, they are seen as “boats on land”for their ability to carry loads.Besides, the whole body of an ox is full of treasures.Their meat and milk are food full of nutrition, and their skin can be used to make clothes and shoes.With all these qualities, oxen are regarded as generous (creature)In the past, oxen played an important role in the spiritual life of the Chinese .In order to express their love for oxen, people in some other areas will run to shake off diseases on the 16th day of the first month by the lunar calendar (农历), and during their run they will take their oxen along, which indicates they regard the creature as human.写出generous在句中的含义：慷慨给予的用creature的正确形式填空：creatures。ture为名词后缀，类似的词还有adventure, agriculture, architecture, departure等写出indicate在句中的含义：象征；暗示。含有动词后缀ate的词还有violate, negotiate, separate等高考采撷(二)写作中的词汇应用(根据汉语及提示词翻译句子)1(2016江苏高考书面表达)因此，我对网络投票持积极态度。(positive)Therefore,_I_hold_a_positive_attitude_towards_online_voting.2(2014江西高考书面表达)对于你们这些新生来说，如何适应新的环境是你们要面对的第一件事。(adapt)To_all_of_you,_fresh_students,_how_to_adapt_yourself_to_the_new_environment_is_the_first_thing_that_you_have_to_face.3(2014广东高考写作)他们的职业包括政府官员、运动员、司机、教师、艺术家等等。(cover)Their_professions_cover_government_officials,_athletes,_drivers,_teachers,_artists_and_so_on.(二)课堂重点释疑1attack vt.袭击；攻击；抨击；(疾病)侵袭n.攻击；进攻；抨击；(病情)发作记牢(1)attack sb.for (doing) sth.由于(做)某事而抨击某人attack sb.with sth. 用某物攻击某人be attacked with a disease 患病(2)make an attack on/upon . 对发动进攻；抨击be/e under attack 受到攻击；遭到袭击heart attack 心脏病发作练通单句语法填空The killer insisted that she was defending herself when attacked (attack)The enemy made an attack on/upon the small town last night.The pany has e under fierce attack for its decision to close the factory.写美补全句子它帮助我们生存，让我们有力量在受到攻击或面对不公正的时候反击或逃跑。It helps us survive, giving us the strength to fight back or run away when_attacked_or_ faced_with_injustice.2exist vi.存在；生存；生活；继续存在记牢(1)exist in存在于之中exist on (live on) sth. 靠某物生存；靠某物生活There exist(s) . 有(存在)(2)existence n. 存在；生存；生活in existence 现存的；存在的e into existence/being 产生；成立；开始存在(3)existing adj. 现存的；现行的练通单句语法填空No one knows when such a custom first came into existence (exist)He finds it hard to exist on the money hes earning.There existed an obvious conflict between the accounts of the witnesses, so a judgment was not announced in court.It was said that this was the only copy of the book in existence.用准exist是不及物动词，不能用于被动语态和进行时。写美翻译句子在我们学校，自行车的存放是一个长久以来就存在的问题。The_parking_place_for_bikes_was_an_existing_problem_for_a_long_time_in_our_school.3calm adj.平静的；镇静的；沉着的v.(使)平静；(使)镇定下来n.平静；宁静记牢(1)calm oneself(使)自己平静下来calm (sb.) down (使某人)平静下来，镇静下来(2)keep/stay/remain calm 保持镇定练通单句语法填空She was breathing deeply and tried to calm herself (she)The police found that it was difficult to calm down the angry crowd.补全句子Faced with the crisis, the government stayed/kept/remained_calm and took timely measures.面对危机，政府保持镇静，及时采取了措施。写美翻译句子在我看来，这么好的事情会让你很容易平静下来并且会给你继续前进的勇气。In_my_opinion,_such_wonderful_things_will_calm_you_down_easily_and_give_you_the_courage_to_move_on.4adapt v(使)适应；(使)适合；改编；改写记牢(1)adapt oneself to使自己适应adapt to 适应；适合adapt .from . 根据改写/改编adapt .for . 改(编)为之用(2)adaptable adj. 能适应的；可修改的adaptation n. 适应；改编；改写本练通单句语法填空All in all, I hope you can adapt yourself (you) to the new environment and we can bee good friends.Adapted (adapt) from JK.Rowlings book series of the same title, the “Harry Potter” movies are universally acknowledged as classics.(2015浙江高考) Instead, we are diurnal (日间活动的) creatures, with eyes adapted to living (live) in the suns light.Mike, Mary and I had a discussion about the adaptation (adapt) of the classic literature yesterday.用准注意adapt与adopt在拼写和意思上的差别。adopt是“采用；采纳；收养”的意思。写美补全句子(2018北京高考书面表达)参加一些汉语口语的在线课程可以帮助你适应中国的语言环境。Taking some online courses of spoken Chinese can be helpful for you to_adapt_yourself _to_the_Chinese_language_environment.5fortune n运气；命运；财富记牢(1)try ones fortune碰运气bring good fortune 带来好运seek ones fortune 寻找出路；寻找发财的机会make a/ones fortune 发财(2)fortunate adj. 运气好的；幸运的fortunately adv. 幸运地unfortunately adv. 不幸地；遗憾地misfortune n. 厄运；不幸练通单句语法填空Weve all heard stories of school dropouts who have made their/a fortune.My cousin was fortunate to_find (find) a job as soon as she graduated from the university.(2017全国卷) He would laugh the loudest over fun and be the saddest over anyones misfortune (fortune)根据提示完成小片段In the 1980s, Tom went to the south to_try_his_fortune (碰运气)But he made_no_fortune (没有发财)Fortunately (幸运的是), he met with a boss who fed pigs.With his help, Tom made_his_fortune (发财) later by feeding pigs.写美翻译句子(201610月浙江高考写作)幸运的是，直升飞机从头顶飞过，注意到可怜的简。Fortunately,_the_helicopter_flew_overhead_and_noticed_poor_Jane.词汇过关综合训练.单词拼写1Jamie keeps having a positive (积极的) attitude and running after his goals.2An underground organisation has claimed (声称) for the bomb explosion.3The older a person is, the slower it will be for him to adapt (适应) to changes.4It is important to keep calm (平静的) in an emergency.5He is a wellrespected teacher and has won a good reputation (名声) for all he has done for the kids.6Ms Alice is considered a generous (心地高尚的) lady by us, for she often helps the poor people.7Every year several species of birds bee extinct (灭绝)8In China, children are given lucky money in a red envelope to bring good fortune (运气) in the New Year.单句语法填空1A huge amount of environmental damage has been brought about by the destruction (destroy) of the rainforests.2He was fortunate (fortune) in that he did not get injured in the car accident.3The government has e under attack for not doing enough to deal with terrorism.4The bell indicating (indicate) the end of the class rang, which interrupted our heated discussion.5In a beautiful and quiet village, an uninvited guest and mysterious (mystery) treasure appear, making a series of funny stories happen.6After claiming (claim) the luggage at the railway station, we left for the exhibition in a taxi.7After long and hard work, the police at last discovered the identity (identify) of the baby found by the side of a road.8Its raining heavily outside.We are unlikely (likely) to go out of for the picnic as planned.根据提示补全句子1当你去国外时，你必须使自己适应新的习俗。(adapt)When you go to a foreign country, you must adapt_yourself_to_new_customs.2你无法想象他们靠他赚的钱生活有多么困难。(exist)You cant imagine what difficulty they have existing_on_the_money hes earning.3事实是现在很多年轻人正在大城市寻找发财的机会。(fortune)The fact is that nowadays many young people are seeking_their_fortune in big cities.4他做了几次深呼吸，让自己平静下来。(calm)He took a few deep breaths to calm_himself_down.5她一直因其优秀的短篇小说享有很高的声誉。(reputation)She has always had_a_high_reputation_for her excellent short stories.(一)课前自主学习1close_to接近；靠近2stick_out 伸出3be_sceptical_about 对怀疑4be_related_to 与有关5e_straight_to_the_point 谈正题；开门见山6cut_off 切断；使隔绝7throw_light_on 串记1 帮助弄清楚；阐明某事；照亮8die_out 灭绝9go_for 串记2 选择；喜欢10due_to 由于；因造成同根短语串记串记1.light相关短语荟萃throw light on/upon 帮助弄清楚；阐明某事；照亮bring .to light 揭露；披露e to light 为人所知see the light 恍然大悟串记2.不一样的“喜欢”go for选择；喜欢 be fond of爱好；喜爱be keen on热衷于；喜爱 care for关心；喜欢go in for爱好；喜欢1get a clear look at 看清楚2claim to do sth. 声称要做某事3tell the truth 说实话4mysterious creature 神秘生物5cover an area of 占地6make up a story 编造一个故事7thats quite something 真了不起8a sense of national identity 民族认同感9according to popular belief 根据普遍的观念10bring good luck 带来好运11a symbol of 的标志/象征1He claims to_have_seen a round black creature moving quickly through the water.他声称看见一个黑黑的、圆圆的动物在水中快速游动。2They say that the lowtemperature lake is_unlikely_to_be able to support such large living creatures.他们说，水温这样低的湖泊不可能生存有体形如此巨大的动物。3Other members of the royal family were allowed to wear dragon symbols, too, but with fewer claws and of_a_different_colour.也允许皇室的其他成员穿带有龙标志的袍子，但袍子上龙的爪子少了并且颜色也不同。学考对接活学活用高考采撷(一)完形中的短语(补全句子)1(2018江苏高考完形填空) Raynor Winn and her husband Moth became homeless due_to (由于) their wrong investment.2(2016北京高考完形填空) It was a cold January in 1925 in Nome, Alaska.The town was_cut_off (隔绝) from the rest of the world due to heavy snow.高考采撷(二)写作中的短语和句式(词汇升级/补全句子)1(2015重庆高考写作) In a word, “wild release” makes it much more convenient for us to choose what books we like.(用本单元短语替换加黑词)go_for2(2014辽宁高考书面表达)我们的创意作品必须与我们的学校生活有关。Our innovation must be_related_to our school life.3(2018天津高考书面表达)据说你在你们学院举行的机器人技能竞赛中获得了一等奖。(动词不定式的完成式)You are said to_have_won_first_prize in the Robotics petition held in your institute.4(2014安徽高考书面表达)如何解决它是非常重要的，这里有一些建议。(beof抽象名词)How to solve it is of_great_importance and here is some advice.(二)课堂重点释疑短语集释1die out灭绝；(习俗、习惯等)逐渐消失记牢die away(声音或感情等)慢慢变弱，逐渐消失die down (风或噪音等)渐弱；逐渐平息die off (家族、种族等)相继死亡die of/from . 死于；因而死be dying for 很想要；渴望练通选用上述短语填空(2016四川高考)In fact, women are less likely to have high blood pressure or to die_from heart attacks.(2015全国卷) Many rare animals are dying_out.We must find ways to protect the environment.Although the wind now died_down pletely, the air was still as cold as before.As the sound of the music died_away,_the film came to an end.The sheep the old man raised died_off one by one.写美翻译句子大学毕业后，她渴望一份办公室工作。After_graduating_from_college,_she_was_dying_for_a_job_working_in_the_office.2due to由于；因造成；应支付；归因于记牢be due to do sth.预计做某事；预定要做某事be due to sth./sb. 归因于某事/某人；应付给某人be due for sth. 应得到某物练通补全句子That money is_due_to_me,_but I havent got it yet.那笔钱是应付给我的，而我至今还未拿到。The bus was due_to_arrive at 5：00 pm, but it arrived one hour late due_to_the_heavy_fog.公共汽车本应下午五点钟到达的，但由于大雾它晚了一个小时。写美翻译句子众所周知，由于全球变暖，全球水资源短缺(问题)正变得日益严重。It_is_wellknown_that_the_global_water_shortage_is_being_increasingly_severe_due_to_global_warming.联想表示原因的介词短语有：due to, because of, on account of, owing to, thanks to, as a result of等。句式集释动词不定式的完成式教材原句He claims to_have_seen a round black creature moving quickly through the water.悟拓展例句(1)In order not to_be_deserted by the society, no matter who we are, we must relate to the call of the times.为了不被社会抛弃，无论我们是谁，我们都必须与时代的召唤联系在一起。(2)The boy pretended to_be_concentrating on his lesson, but in fact his mind was wandering.那男孩假装在专心听讲，但实际上他的脑子在走神。(3)Im terribly sorry to_have_put you through so much trouble.我非常抱歉给你添了这么多麻烦。析用法规则(1)一般式“to do; to be done”表示不定式的动作与谓语动词表示的动作同一时间发生或发生在谓语动作后；(2)进行式“to be doing”表示不定式的动作与谓语动词表示的动作同一时间发生，并且动作正在进行；(3)完成式“to have done; to have been done”表示不定式的动作发生在主句谓语动词表示的动作之前。背写作佳句(1)(2017天津高考书面表达) I have successfully got admitted as a volunteer for the 13th National Games, which is scheduled to be held at the end of August in Tianjin.(要点句)(2)I felt it an honour to have been invited to your birthday party last year.(要点句)词块、句式过关综合训练.选词填空die out， be sceptical about， due to， throw light on， e straight to the point， go for， be related to， cut off1The rise in crime is likely to be_related_to an increase in unemployment.2I think Ill go_for the steak.What are you having?3Theres no point in beating around the bush.Lets e_straight_to_the_point.4The restaurants success was largely due_to its new manager.5With the living environment being worse and worse, many of the earths species are dying_out.6I believe the teachers explanation will throw_light_on this puzzling problem.7The telephone operator cut us off before we had finished our conversation.8Although Jack has made good reparations for the match, he is still sceptical_about his chance of winning.根据提示补全句子/句型转换1在炎热的阳光下工作了几个小时后，这些人都渴望喝一杯冰镇啤酒。(be dying for)After hours of working in the hot sun, the men were_dying_for_a_cold_beer.2由于对酒后驾车的严格交通规定，事故的数量大大减少。(due to)Due_to_the_strict_traffic_regulations on drunken driving, the number of accidents from it has greatly decreased.3警方似乎已经找到了他犯罪的新证据。(动词不定式的完成式)The police seem to_have_found_the_new_evidence of his crime.4Whether wildlife can be well protected is very important.Whether wildlife can be well protected is of_great_importance.(beof抽象名词)5If a nuclear war ever breaks out, it is unlikely that many people will survive.If a nuclear war ever breaks out, many people will be_unlikely_to_survive.(be unlikely to do sth.).应用文分步写作假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Peter来信和你就野生动物的保护展开讨论。请你用英语写一封回信，内容包括：1野生动物所处的现状；2保护野生动物面临的困难；3你的想法。注意：1.词数80左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Dear Peter，Im writing to discuss with you about wildlife protection. Im looking forward to your reply.Yours，Li Hua第一步：准确审题，理行文脉络，拟写作要点本文属于应用文中的普通书信，时态为一般现在时，人称为第一人称。全文共分三个层次：开头应点明写信的目的(已给出)，为下文讨论野生动物的保护做好铺垫。主体部分共3个要点，要点1为野生动物所处的现状；要点2为保护野生动物面临的困难；要点3为表述个人的想法。这3个要点要进行细化处理，如描述野生动物所处的现状可表达为“濒临灭绝”；保护野生动物面临的困难可从“缺乏保护野生动物的意识、很少有人资助等”进行表达；在表达自己的想法时，可以从政府(制定法律)、学校(加强教育)、个人(保护野生动物人人有责)的角度进行描述。结尾表达期望(已给出)。要点1：众所周知，一些野生动物正处于危险之中。As_we_know,_some_wildlife_is_in_danger.要点1：许多野生动物濒临灭绝。(on the edge of extinction)Many_wild_animals_are_on_the_edge_of_extinction.要点2：许多人缺乏保护野生动物的意识。Many_people_lack_the_awareness_of_wildlife_protection.要点2：很少有人愿意为动物保护提供资金。Few_people_are_willing_to_provide_money_for_animal_protection.要点3：政府应该制定更多的法律来保护野生动物。The_government_should_make_more_laws_to_protect_wildlife.要点3：我们学校应该教育学生注意野生动物保护。Our_schools_should_teach_students_to_pay_attention_to_wildlife_protection.要点3：我认为保护野生动物人人有责。(duty)I_think_it_is_everyones_duty_to_protect_wildlife.第二步：添加细节，文意更丰满，表达更亮眼要点1可以从原因上拓展，如添加“由于环境破坏”；要点1也可从原因上拓展，如“由于狩猎”；在要点2前要添加一个总起句“虽然有必要采取措施来帮助那些动物，但这些措施很难实施”，以使衔接自然；要点2可从结果上拓展，如“导致非法狩猎”；要点2可以从原因上拓展，如“因为他们认为这对他们毫无用处”；要点3后需要添加一句“我想知道你的想法”，以呼应开头。拓展要点1：众所周知，一些野生动物由于环境破坏正处于危险之中。(due to)As_we_know,_some_wildlife_is_in_danger_due_to_environmental_destruction.拓展要点1：由于狩猎，许多野生动物濒临灭绝。(because of)Many_wild_animals_are_on_the_edge_of_extinction_because_of_hunting.补充衔接句：虽然有必要采取措施来帮助那些动物，但这些措施很难实施。(用though引导的让步状语从句)Though_its_necessary_to_take_measures_to_help_those_animals,_the_measures_are_difficult_to_carry_out.拓展要点2：许多人缺乏野生动物保护意识，导致非法狩猎。(现在分词短语作状语)Many_people_lack_the_awareness_of_wildlife_protection,_resulting_in_hunting_the_animals_illegally.拓展要点2：很少有人愿意为动物保护提供资金，因为他们认为这对他们毫无用处。(as引导的原因状语从句， be of抽象名词)Few_people_are_willing_to_provide_money_for_animal_protection_as_they_think_it_is_of_no_use_to_them.补充衔接句：我想知道你的看法。I_want_to_know_your_opinion.第三步：连句成文，排语句顺序，重衔接过渡本文在描述野生动物现状时，可以用并列连词and来进行连接；然后用firstly， besides连接保护野生动物面临的困难的具体内容；在表述个人的想法时，则可用in my opinion， last but not least， meanwhile进行连接，以使行文连贯，文章结构紧凑。Dear Peter，Im writing to discuss with you about wildlife protection.As_we_know,_some_wildlife_is_in _danger_due_to_environmental_destruction_and_many_wild_animals_are_on_the_edge_of_extinction_because_of_hunting.Though_its_necessary_to_take_measures_to_help_those_animals,_the_measures_are_difficult_to_carry_out.Firstly,_many_people_lack_the_awareness_of_wildlife_protection,_resulting_in_hunting_the_animals_illegally.Besides,_few_people_are_willing_to_provide_money_for_animal_protection_as_they_think_it_is_of_no_use_to_them.In_my_opinion,_the_government_should_make_more_laws_to_protect_wildlife.Our_schools_should_teach_students_to_pay_attention_to_wildlife_protection.Last_but_not_least,_I_think_it_is_everyones_duty_to_protect_wildlife.Meanwhile,_I_want_to_know_your_opinion.Im looking forward to your reply.Yours，Li Hua理清句间结构之(二)并列所谓并列式结构就是句子之间是以平行的关系构成。段中几句话分别叙述几件事、几种情况，或分别论述某一事物的几个方面。常见的并列连词有：firstly, and, or, moreover, whats more, also, neither .nor ., either .or .等。利用这种并列结构可快速理解段落大意并准确解题。高考典例12014江苏卷完形填空He withdrew from many school activities 40(because) he didnt have the time or the _41_. He had only one good suit.41A.permitsBinterestCtalent Dclothes41题所在的句子和它后面的句子为并列关系；通过He had only one good suit“他只有一件好衣服”可知，他之所以退出许多学校活动是因为他没有时间或衣服(clothes)。高考典例22013全国卷阅读七选五Business management is a term used to describe the techniques of planning, direction, and control of the operations of a business. _73(G)_ One is the establishment (制定) of broad basic policies with respect to production; sales; the purchase of equipment, materials and supplies; and accounting. _74_ The third relates to the establishment of standards of work in all departments. Direction is concerned primarily with supervision (监管) and guidance by the management in authority. _75(A)_AControl includes the use of records and reports to pare actual work with the set standards for work.BIn this connection there is the difference between top management and operative management.CExamples of nonprofit businesses include such organizations as social service agencies and many hospitals.DHowever, some businesses only seek to earn enough to cover their operating costs.EThe second aspect relates t
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