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Unit 3 Looking good，feeling good一、阅读理解。There are two types of people in the world.Although they have equal degree of health and wealth and other forts of life,one bees happy and the other bees unhappy.This arises from the different ways in which they consider things,persons,events and the resulting effects upon their minds. People who are to be happy fix their attention on the convenience of things: the pleasant parts of conversation,the well prepared dishes,the goodness of the wine and the fine weather.They enjoy all the cheerful things.Those who are to be unhappy think and speak only of the opposite things.Therefore,they are continually dissatisfied.By their remarks,they sour the pleasure of society,offend(hurt) many people,and make themselves disagreeable everywhere.If this turn of mind was founded in nature,such unhappy persons would be the more to be pitied.The intention of criticizing(批评) and being disliked is perhaps taken up by imitation(模仿).It grows into a habit,unknown to its possessors.The habit may be strong,but it may be cured when those who have realized its bad effects on their interests and tastes.I hope this little warning may be of service to them,and help them change this habit. Although in fact it is chiefly an act of the imagination,it has serious results in life since it brings on deep sorrow and bad luck.Those people offend many others; nobody loves them,and no one treats them with more than the most mon politeness and respect.This frequently puts them in bad temper and draws them into arguments.If they aim at getting some advantages in social position or fortune,nobody wishes them success.Nor will anyone start a step or speak a word to favor their hopes.If they bring on themselves public objections,no one will defend or excuse them,and many will join to criticize their wrongdoings.These should change this bad habit and be pleased with what is pleasing,without worrying needlessly about themselves and others.If they do not,it will be good for others to avoid any contact(接触) with them.Otherwise,it can be disagreeable and sometimes very inconvenient,especially when one bees mixed up in their quarrels.1.People who are unhappy_.A.always consider things differently from othersB.usually are affected by the results of certain thingsC.usually misunderstand what others think or sayD.always discover the unpleasant side of certain things2.The phrase “sour the pleasure of society” means “_ ”.A.have a good taste with social lifeB.make others unhappyC.tend to scold others openlyD.enjoy the pleasure of life3.In this passage,the writer mainly_.A.describes two types of peopleB.laughs at the unhappy peopleC.suggests the unhappy people should get rid of the habits of unhappinessD.tells people how to be happy in life参考答案： 1.D; 2.B; 3.C解析： 生活中有些人拥有相同的健康、财富和生活条件,但由于考虑事情、人物、事件的角度不同,一些人感到幸福,而另一些人则感到不幸福。由于这些不幸福的人处处冒犯别人,其结果只能是处于被孤立的境地。1.D 推理判断题。从第二段第三句话“Those who are to be unhappy think and speak only of the opposite things.”可以看出另一些人感到不幸福的原因。2.B 词义猜测题。从该短语后的“.offend (hurt) many people,and make themselves disagreeable everywhere”可以猜出 “sour the pleasure of society” 的正确含义。3.C 主旨大意题。本文主要讲的是那些感到不幸福的人处处冒犯别人,若长此以往,则只能处于被孤立的境地,所以他们应改变自己的习惯。二、单项选择1.To our disappointment, the school principal _ his nephew in the list of candidates who are offered an opportunity to study in Singapore. A. includesB. containsC. adoptsD. concludes【答案】A【解析】句意：令我们感到失望的是，校长把他的侄子列入有机会前往新加坡学习的候选人名单中。include在本句中意义为“把列入”。include(包括，包含)指在整体中能明确界定的几个部分。contain(包含，含有，装有)指一个较大事物中所容纳的分离部分，有封闭于一个整体的感觉。例如：The parcel included a dictionary.那包裹里也包括了一本字典。The parcel contained a dictionary.那包裹里装的是一本字典。adopt收养，采用，采取，采纳；conclude得出结论，推断出，决定。2.The brave soldier would prefer to _ rather than _ and in the end the enemy had to kill him.A. dying, giving in B. die, to give inC. dying, to giving in D. die, give in【答案】D【解析】prefer to do.rather than do.宁愿而不愿。句意：勇敢的士兵宁愿死也不愿屈服，最后敌人不得不杀了他。故选D3.After the great earthquake happened 2012，the whole society in Turkey _ on rescuing the people in ruins.A. concentratedB. insistedC. dependedD. based【答案】A【解析】concentrate on doing sth.集中精力做。insist on坚持；depend on依靠；base on以为根据。句意：2012年大地震后，土耳其整个社会集中精力营救那些被埋在废墟中的人们。4.People tend to think that if you want to achieve something big, youll have to _.A. make senseB. give wayC. take risksD. lose face【答案】C【解析】make sense有意义，理解，讲得通，是明智的；give way让路，退让；take risks冒险，冒风险，担风险；lose face丢脸，丢丑，失去面子。句意：人们往往认为，如果你想成就一番，你就得去冒险。5.If these new measures dont work, well have to _ our old system.A. make up forB. e up withC. break away fromD. fall back on【答案】D【解析】make up for补偿；e up with提出；break away from脱离；fall back on求助于，依赖，转而依靠。句意：如果这些新的措施没有效果的话，我们就不得不仍然依赖旧的体系。6.Character is, _, the decisive factor in the life of individuals and of nations alike.A. in the long term B. on the other handC. in the meanwhile D. as a result【答案】A【解析】in the long term从长远来看；on the other hand另一方面；in the meanwhile同时；as a result结果。故选A。句意：从长远来看，人格是个人生活的决定因素，对国家也是如此。7.When we heard the joke we were unable to _ our laughter.A. release B. abandon C. throwD. contain 【答案】D【解析】contain克制=control。句意：我们听到这个笑话时，忍不住笑了。8.Considering the location _ the price, many parents buy houses for their childrens education.A. in preference toB. in response toC. in addition toD. in regard to【答案】A【解析】句意：为了孩子上学，许多父母亲买房都会优先可虑(in preference to)当地的房价。in response to对做出反应；in addition to除之外；in regard to关于。9.According to the Gini Index, the degree of wealth _ in China has risen by a third in the past 35 years and now is larger than that of the US.A. affection B. concentrationC. identification D. application【答案】B【解析】concentration集中，全神贯注。句意：据基尼指数显示，过去35年来，中国的财富集中度增长了三分之一，如今比美国还高。10.Young people may risk _ deaf if they are exposed to very loud music every day. A. to goB. to have goneC. goingD. having gone【答案】C11.To keep safe in case of an earthquake, you should remain at a spot in your room where nothing may _ you.A. fall down B. fall offC. fall on D. fall out【答案】C【解析】fall on/upon 突然降临。句意：万一发生地震，为了安全起见你应呆在屋子里没有东西能砸中你的地方。12.What youre learning today seems useless, but _ it will surely have significant influence on your development. A. on averageB. in the long runC. in exchangeD. by all means【答案】B【解析】on average平均，通常；in the long run从长远来看；in exchange作为交换；by all means一定，务必，尽一切办法。句意：你们今天所学的似乎没有用处，但是从长远来看，它将一定会对你的发展有重大的影响。13.How are you getting on with your father, Lucy? Couldnt be _. However hard I try, he just isnt satisfied.A. better B. worse C. the best D. the worst【答案】B14.Lucy has a great sense of humour and always keeps her colleagues _ with her stories. A. amused B. amusing C. to amuse D. to be amused【答案】A【解析】过去分词作宾语补足语。与它所修饰的her colleagues存在被动关系。(be)amused with。考查keep+宾语+宾补结构。amused感到高兴的；amusing令人高兴的。句意：露西有很强的幽默感，总是使她的同事们对于她的故事感到高兴。所以选A。15.One of the witnesses to the accident wrote a report to the police, _ he described what had happened.A. for whomB. with whomC. to whichD. in which【答案】D【解析】in which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a report。句意：事故的其中一个目击者给警察写了一份报告，报告中描述了事故发生的经过。故选D。16.How are things going, Janet?They have set out to deal with the present situation _ they think deserves their immediate attention.A. which B. where C. when D. what【答案】A17.Im sure youd rather she went to school by bus, _?A. hadnt youB. wouldnt youC. arent ID. didnt she【答案】B【解析】句意：我肯定你宁愿她坐公交车去学校，是不是？此处考查的是Im sure引导的从句的反义疑问句，应该是与后面的从句保持一致；在从句中涉及到了would rather的虚拟语气的使用，但并不影响反义疑问句的生成，故使用wouldnt you即可。三、完形填空Every Friday I went to a senior nursing home which was the lowest ratingone star out of five. It seemed as if it needed 1, but little did I know it would help me too. During my first visit I helped to polish some female residents2. One woman asked me many questions. After she was satisfied with my 3, she started to share some of her hidden 4. By listening to her, I realized I had actually helped her: she looked relieved, 5 of some of her past pains. When she was finished, she told me something that 6 me to visit the nursing home every week. She said, “Youre the 7 person I was able to tell this to. The other ladies are too busy to listen to me, and the other 8 dont care. Youll e back next week, right? ” After 9 blowing on her newly coated nails, I smiled and 10, “Yes, Ill see you next Friday. ”That day, I was gladdened by the 11 that I had helped somebody. I realized an action as simple as 12 became something much more. During every second I spent there, I realized how much of a difference my 13 could have on the lives of others, and I also found energy in a place not 14 known for it. But the most 15 aspect of living there is that it breaks the human 16 between those in todays society and the nursing home residents. Every moment I spend chatting is an opportunity to 17 that connection again, to unwrap their troubles, and to shape someones life. In 18, that moment also shapes me. I not only learn about life and experiences outside of school, but also receive the 19 of being part of this processthis connection between humans. Those 20 of sharing and listening are magical for both the giver and the receiver. 【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文, 介绍作者在疗养院服务期间的感悟和认识。明白一个道理: 倾听和分享是一件使接受者和给予者都高兴的事。1. A. care B. help C. money D. repair【解析】选B。根据前后句的内容可知这家疗养院是等级最低的, 似乎需要帮助, 信息词help me too, 故选B。2. A. bagsB. coatsC. nailsD. shoes【解析】选C。根据第三段中的her newly coated nails 可知帮助这些人修指甲, 故选C。3. A. answersB. performancesC. appearancesD. behaviors【解析】选A。answer回答; performance表演, 表现; appearance外表, 出现; behavior行为。根据前句中的questions判断这位老人对作者的回答很满意, 故选A。4. A. secretsB. truthsC. factsD. hurt【解析】选D。根据后句中pains判断老人给作者讲述了她内心的痛苦, 故选D。5. A. uninformedB. unburdenedC. unsureD. unaware【解析】选B。uninformed无知的; unburdened 没有负担的; unsure 不确定的; unaware没意识到的。从下文可知作者认为通过倾听, 她帮助了这位老人, 由此判断老人在倾诉完后, 心里的痛苦得到了宣泄, 会感到非常轻松, 故选B。6. A. inspiredB. invitedC. allowedD. persuaded【解析】选A。inspire激励; invite邀请; allow允许; persuade说服。根据下文内容可知作者常常来疗养院, 是老人的话激励了作者, 故选A。7. A. rightB. lastC. veryD. only【解析】选D。根据下文内容可知别人没有时间或者不愿意倾听她的诉说, 换句话说作者是唯一一个愿意听她说话的人, 故选D。8. A. nursesB. femalesC. residentsD. volunteers【解析】选C。nurse护士; female 女性; resident居民; volunteer志愿者。根据上文和the other可知她认为其他在疗养院的人们不在意她, 故选C。9. A. gentlyB. hurriedlyC. simplyD. fortably【解析】选A。由语境可知作者在给老人们修剪指甲, 由此判断她是轻轻地吹新涂上的指甲, 故选A。10. A. admittedB. promisedC. shoutedD. declared【解析】选B。admit 承认; promise承诺; shout 喊; declare宣称。根据作者说话的内容可知作者答应了老人的请求, 做出了承诺, 故选B。11. A. beliefB. truthC. courageD. fact【解析】选D。belief信念; truth真相; courage勇气; fact事实。从上文可知作者帮助了这位老人, 判断她对自己能帮助别人这个事实感到高兴,故选D。12. A. polishingB. sharingC. listeningD. talking【解析】选C。根据上文可知作者仅仅是倾听老人说话就帮助了她, 故选C。13. A. actionsB. dreamsC. measuresD. hopes 【解析】选A。根据上文内容可知作者意识到自己的行为可以影响到别人, 故选A。14. A. rarelyB. typicallyC. actuallyD. entirely【解析】选B。rarely罕见地; typically典型地; actually事实上; entirely完全地。作者在这种通常不以精力和活力而闻名的地方发现了老人们仍然具有的活力, 故选B。15. A. interesting B. conflictingC. surprisingD. troubling【解析】选D。interesting 有趣的; conflicting矛盾的; surprising令人惊讶的; troubling令人困扰的。由句子内容可知与外界的隔绝是一件麻烦事, 让人烦恼的事, 故选D。16. A. memoryB. personalityC. connectionD. custom【解析】选C。memory记忆; personality 个性; connection 联系; custom习俗。从下文可知作者认为疗养院的老人们和外界隔绝, 没有了联系, 故选C。17. A. tieB. findC. continueD. break【解析】选A。从上文可知作者认为在疗养院的人和外界隔绝, 所以她认为自己和他们的交流就是重新让他们与世界建立连接, 故选A。18. A. sumB. turnC. allD. general【解析】选B。in sum总而言之; in turn反过来; in all 总共; in general一般而言。反过来, 那种时刻也帮助了作者, 强调双方的受益, 故选B。19. A. weleB. messageC. invitationD. gift【解析】选D。从上下文可知作者认为自己也从帮助别人中收获很多, 故选D。 20. A. thoughtsB. occasionsC. moments D. activities【解析】选C。thought 想法; occasion 场合; moment时刻; activity活动。从Those判断该词应该是上文提到过的名词, 根据末段首句可知选C。四、七选五Both men and women are living longer these days in industrialized countries. 1 In general, they can expect to live six or seven years more than men. One reason for this is biological.One important biological factor that helps women live longer is the difference in hormones between men and women. 2 Between the ages of about 12 and 50, women produce hormones that are involved in fertility(生育能力). These hormones also have a positive effect on the heart and blood flow. In fact, women are less likely to have high blood pressure or to die from heart attacks. 3 They help the body defend itself against some kinds of infections. This means that women generally ger sick less often and less seriously than men. The mon cold is a good example: women, on average, get fewer colds than men. 4 Scientists are still not exactly sure how influence aging, but they believe that they do. Some think that a womans body cells have a tendency(倾向) to age more slowly than a mans. Others think that a mans body cells have a tendency to age more quickly . 5 A. However,women,onaverage,livelonger.B. Thebiologicalfactorplaysanimportantpart. C.Womenarealsohelpedbytheirfemalegenes. D.Thefemalehormonesalsoprotectthebodyinanotherway. E.Recentresearchseemstosupportbothofthesepossibilities. F.Therefore,womenaremorehealthythanmenandcanliveabetterlife. G.Hormonesarechemicalswhichareproducedbythebodytocontrolcariousbodyfunctions.【语篇解读】本文介绍了女性比男性寿命长的原因。1.A 根据空格下一句 一般说，女性比男性多活6到7年可知此处的意思是：然而，女性平均比男性寿命更长。故选A。2.G 根据空格上句男性和女性之间荷尔蒙的不同帮助女性活得更久可知此空的意思是：荷尔蒙是身体分泌的控制身体各种功能的化学物质。故选G。3.D 根据下句它们帮助身体本身抵抗各种感染可知此空的意思是：女性荷尔蒙也用另一种方式保护身体。故选D。5.E 根据空格前两句一些人认为女性的身体细胞有比男性老化慢的倾向，另一些人认为男性的身体细胞有老化较快的倾向可知E项最近的研究似乎支持这两种可能符合题意。故选E。
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