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必修1Unit 2 English around the world一、阅读理解AThe old Chinese saying “as happy as spending the New Year” might be outdated now in the busy modern world. The Spring Festival is regarded as the most important festival for Chinese people and an occasion for all family members to get together, like Christmas in the West. But many traditional customs acpanying the Spring Festival, however, have weakened in practice. Setting off fireworks was once the most typical custom of the Spring Festival. People thought the sputtering (爆裂) sound could help drive away evil spirits. However, the activity has been pletely or partially forbidden in big cities for years as the government has taken security, noise and pollution factors into consideration. “In recent years, some cities have begun to allow people to light fireworks during limited hours at the Spring Festival, surrendering to (屈从于) public demand. Respecting folk traditions is a gesture of respect toward public opinion，” said Zhou Xing, a folklore researcher. “As people gain more ine and it bees easier to buy daily goods, the New Year holiday is just like any other. After long workdays, many people use the New Year holiday to take a rest, rather than visiting friends and neighbors. The process of making and enjoying the family dinner on Spring Festival Eve is the most important thing. However, many families would like to eat out to save time and energy，” said Li Shunzhi, a resident of Harbin, Heilongjiang. “I enjoy the holidays very much in the countryside. My family has been preparing for the Spring Festival more than two weeks before the holiday, cleaning the house, buying holiday goods and decorating the house with paper cuttings. On New Years Eve, the whole family stays up to see the New Year in, and in the days to follow, a series of activities such as lion dancing, dragon lantern dancing, lantern festivals and temple fairs will be held. Without the ancient traditions, the holiday is nothing to us，” said Zhang Hui, from Hebei.【文章大意】本文主要介绍了中国春节的传统习俗在逐渐消失的现象以及人们的不同观点。【难句分析】However, the activity has been pletely or partially forbidden in big cities for years as the government has taken security, noise and pollution factors into consideration.(第二段第三句) 分析：本句是一个复合句。as引导状语从句。 译文：然而，由于政府考虑到安全、噪音和污染因素，放鞭炮这一活动在大城市被完全或部分禁止了很多年。1. Which of the following is WRONG according to the passage?ASetting off fireworks has been forbidden in some big cities for years.BNowadays, people can light fireworks in some cities at the Spring Festival.CPeople believe that the sound of fireworks can drive away evil spirits.DIn the past, setting off fireworks couldnt be seen almost anywhere.答案与解析：D考查细节理解。根据第二段的第一句“Setting off fireworks was once the most typical custom of the Spring Festival.”可知，过去放鞭炮是过春节最典型的传统习俗，应该到处可见，故选D。2What Li Shunzhi said implies _.Awhat people do during the festival now is different from the pastBpeople would like to have the family dinner on Spring Festival EveCpeople prefer to visit friends and neighbors rather than take a restDthe New Year holiday is just like any other day答案与解析：A考查细节理解。根据第四段的整体内容可推知，哈尔滨的一位居民所说的这段话是在感慨今昔过年的差异，故选A。3What can we learn from the last paragraph?AZhang Hui often spends two weeks preparing for the Spring Festival.BZhang Hui is used to spending the Spring Festival with his family.CZhang Hui always takes part in a series of activities after the Spring Festival.DZhang Hui lives in the urban area.答案与解析：B考查推理判断。根据最后一段的“I enjoy the holidays very much in the countryside.”和“Without the ancient traditions, the holiday is nothing to us”以及本段的整体内容可推知，张惠习惯和家人一起过春节，故选B。A项错在张惠经常花两个星期为春节做准备，这与最后一段的“My family has been preparing for the Spring Festival more than two weeks before the holiday, cleaning the house, buying holiday goods and decorating the house with paper cuttings”不符；C项错在张惠总是在春节后参加一系列的活动，这与最后一段的“On New Years Eve, the whole family stays up to see the New Year in, and in the days to follow, a series of activities such as lion dancing, dragon lantern dancing, lantern festivals and temple fairs will be held.”不符；D项错在张惠住在城市，文章中并没有提到这一点。4What does the whole passage show?AThe Spring Festival is as lively as before.BThe Spring Festival is outdated now.CThe Spring Festival is losing its qualities.DThe Spring Festival in China is more important than Christmas in the West.答案与解析：C考查推理判断。根据第一段的最后一句“But many traditional customs acpanying the Spring Festival, however, have weakened in practice.”，并结合全文的整体内容可推知，本文主要讲述了中国春节逐渐失去年味这一现象，故选C。BPersuasion is to convince someone to agree with you, just like art which also calls for special techniques to acplish. According to the ancient Greeks, there are three basic tools of persuasion: ethos, pathos and logos.Ethos is a speakers way of convincing the audience that he is trustworthy, honest and reliable. One mon way a speaker can develop ethos is by explaining how much experience or education he has in the field. After all, youre more likely to listen to advice about how to take care of your teeth from a dentist than a fireman.Pathos is a speakers way of connecting with an audiences emotions. For example, a politician who is trying to convince an audience to vote for him might say that he alone can save the country from a terrible war. These words are intended to fill the audience with fear, thus making them want to vote for him. Similarly, an animal charity might show an audience pictures of injured dogs and cats to make the viewers feel pity, so they will be more likely to donate money.Logos is the use of facts, statistics or other evidence to support your argument. An audience will believe you if you have convincing data to back up your claims. Presenting this evidence is much more persuasive than simply saying “believe me”.Although ethos, pathos and logos all have their strengths, they are often most effective when used together. So, the next time you listen to a speech, watch a mercial or listen to a friend try to convince you to lend him some money, be on the lookout for these ancient Greek tools of persuasion.1.What is the purpose of persuasion?A. To advise somebody to support you.B. To help someone have special skillC. To convince somebody to realize his aim.D. To talk someone into being honest.2.What is a speakers way of convincing the audience to trust him?A. Pathos.B. Ethos.C. Logos.D. Education.3.What do a politician and an animal charity have in mon?A. Both prevent themselves from being hurt.B. Both save people from terrible wars.C. Both make the audience support them.D. Both persuade people to donate money.4.Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A. Convince the AudienceB. Three Basic Tools of PersuasionC. Believe MeD. Strength of Persuasion【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了源自于古希腊且一直沿用至今的说服他人的艺术，其中包括ethos、pathos、logos三种方式以及用这三种方式说服他人在各个领域应用的可能性。1.A 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段第一句话“Persuasion is to convince someone to agree with you, just like art which also calls for special techniques to acplish.”可知，说服是为了建议人们支持你。故选A。3.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“For example, a politician who is trying to convince an audience to vote for him might say that he alone can save the country from aterrible war.”和最后一句“Similarly, an animal charity might show an audience pictures of injured dogs and cats to make the viewers feel pity, so they will be more likely to donate money.”可知，政治家可能会说他会独自一人从可拍的战争中挽救一个国家为了说服观众为他投票，动物慈善机构向观众展示受伤的猫或者狗的图片是为了让观众感到可怜，更可能捐款。因此可知，政治家和慈善机构的共同之处是他们都想让听众支持他们。故选C。4.B 【解析】标题判断题。纵观全文可知，文章主要介绍了说服人的艺术，包括ethos、pathos、logos三中不同的方式，以及这三种方式在各个领域应用的可能性。因此推断B项“说服的三种基本方式”为最佳标题，概况了文章中心主旨。故选B。二、七选五(2018福建泉州质量检测)Reasons to Take Part in Student Clubs and OrganizationsMany college students dont know what theyre missing by not taking part in the student clubs and organizations that are offered at most colleges and universities. Taking part in one can be a rich and rewarding experience. _1_ Check them out and see whats available. Here are a few reasons why you should take part in student clubs and organizations.1. Meet new people.It can be hard to meet new people in college, especially in your first year. _2_ However, in a club, youll find yourself in a smaller group of people who likely share your interest. 2. Help your major.There are many student clubs and organizations for different majors and departments. Such clubs can be a lot of fun as well as a great academic resource for you. By joining an academic club you will probably have an easier time to know professors in your departments. _3_ 3. Learn important leadership skills.Student clubs and organizations can be a good way to learn important leadership skills that would look great on job applications. _4_ These skills could be event planning, finance management, and so on. Find a club that you love being a part of and if you work hard you might be able to gain such a position.4. _5_ Lastly, student clubs and organizations can simply be a lot of fun. Make sure to take advantage of student clubs and organizations to make the most of your time in college!AHave fun.BNever waste energy.CClass sizes can be big.DTake advantage of your major.ESo dont just walk past those tables during clubs week.FIn a club, you will be able to gain other important skills.GAnd you might even get access to study skills and other academic advice.【文章大意】文章主要介绍了大学生在大学期间参加俱乐部和组织的益处。1答案与解析：E根据空后的“Check them out and see whats available.”(去看一看有没有合适的)，再结合下文提供的要参加学生俱乐部的理由可知，设空处应是表述不要错过俱乐部纳新的机会。故选E项。2答案与解析：C根据设空后的“. youll find yourself in a smaller group of people who likely share your interest.”可知，俱乐部圈子小，而且大家志趣相投，因此设空处很可能说的是大学的班级一般人员很多。故选C项。3答案与解析：G根据设空前的“By joining an academic club you will probably have an easier time to know professors in your departments.”可知，加入俱乐部有助于学术成长。故选G项，该项中的academic与上文的academic club相照应。4答案与解析：F根据设空后的“These skills could be event planning, finance management”可知，设空处应是指除学会领导技能以外的其他技能，关键词skills与F项中的skills相呼应。故选F项。5答案与解析：A根据下文“.simply be a lot of fun.”可知，本段的主题是：加入俱乐部或组织给大学生带来很多乐趣。故选A项。三、短文改错It is easy to overlook 1. role that your body plays in 2.(influence) your mood.When you are ill,you may find 3. blaming work pressures or an unknown future.However,it could just be that you have been sitting behind your desk too long.One way 4.(improve) your mood is exercise.Psychologically,it provides you 5. a break from the stresses in your life.Also,in the process,you may aim for clear goals,like a new 6.(person) running record or a better body shape.The achievement of a particular goal 7.(make) you feel good and contributes to your 8.(confident).That is why exercise has been shown to build up your self-respect.You do not have to train yourself hard to feel the psychological benefits of exercise.What 9.(real) matters is frequency,not intensity of your exercise.You can try walking for 30 minutes five times per week or 10.(simple) gardening on weekends.答案1.the2.influencing3.yourself4.to improve5.with6.personal7.makes8.confidence9.really10.simply四、语法填空(2018河北衡水中学模拟)Zoos are some of the most _1_ (delight) places children, and even adults _2_ all ages love to visit. Zoos are more than just a place of entertainment and education for people, but also a place _3_ animals are kept in safe enclosures. Zoos allow us to enjoy _4_ (view) animals _5_ we would have to make a trip to Africa to view them.My first trip to the zoo _6_ (be) years ago during an elementary school trip. That was the first time I had found myself close to wild animals like tigers, lions, giraffes and zebras. The last time I visited the zoo was about a year back when I took my kids there. Children especially are _7_ (interest) in such animals on display and in terms of _8_ (education) value. I would say that the trip was worth every minute _9_ (spend). However, there are some of us who feel that animals shouldnt be kept in enclosures, but should rather be let out in the wild. Some feel that keeping animals in enclosures is a form of cruelty. But looking at it from another perspective, the same animals may not survive this far had they been left on their own in the wilderness because of the _10_ (present) of their enemies.【文章大意】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要介绍了在运物园里看动物的意义并讨论了动物是否应该被关在动物园。【长难句分析】But looking at it from another perspective, the same animals may not survive this far had they been left on their own in the wilderness because of the presence of their enemies.(第二段最后一句)分析：这是一个复合句。looking at it.为现在分词作状语；had they been left on their own in the wilderness是省略了if的虚拟条件句，从句补充完整是：if they had been left on their own in the wilderness; because of.作原因状语。译文：但是从另一个角度来看，如果这些动物被独自留在野外它们也许不会活这么长，因为有它们的敌人存在。1答案与解析：delightful考查形容词。根据空格前面的“the most”和空格后的名词“places”可知，此处应用delight的形容词形式，意为“令人愉快的”。故用delightful。2答案与解析：of考查介词。of all ages意为“各个年龄段的”，符合语境。故用of。3答案与解析：where考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词为“place”，在从句中作地点状语，所以用where引导该从句。故用where。4答案与解析：viewing考查非谓语动词。enjoy doing sth.为固定用法，意为“喜欢做某事”。故用viewing。5答案与解析：otherwise/or 考查副词/连词。句意为：动物园可以让我们尽情地观赏动物，不然我们就得去非洲观看它们了。此处意为“否则，要不然”。故用otherwise/or。6答案与解析：was考查主谓一致和动词的时态。分析句子结构可知，本句的主语是“trip”，为单数概念；根据本句中的时间状语“during an elementary school trip”可知，此处叙述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故用was。7答案与解析：interested考查形容词。根据本句的主语“Children”可知，此处应用过去分词形式的形容词。sb. be interested in sth.为固定用法，意为“某人对某物感兴趣”。故用interested。8答案与解析：educational考查形容词。此处应用形容词修饰名词“value”，表示“有教育意义的价值”。故用educational。9答案与解析：spent考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，动词spend与被修饰词“every minute”之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语，表示被动与完成。故用spent。10答案与解析：presence考查名词。根据空格前的定冠词“the”和后面的“of”可知，此处应用present的名词形式，意为“存在”。故用presence。
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