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英语,1.基础语法,(五)介词,时间介词1Timisgoingtogivehisfatherasurprise_FathersDay.(2016,青岛)AinBatConDby2(导学号:05472104)Youvebeenhere_amonth.Dontyoumissyourparents?(2016,荆门)Yes,Iplantocomebackhome_amonth.Ain,inBafter,afterCfor,afterDfor,in3_theexam,wellsaygoodbyetoourdearteachers,classmatesaswellasourbeautifulschool.(2016,北海)AInBForCAfterDThrough,C,D,C,4Whenwereyouborn?Iwasborn_acoldwintermorningin1994.AinBatConDof5Whattimedoyouusuallygotoschool,Jack?_abouthalfpastseven.(2015,盐城)AOnBInCAtDFor方位介词6Couldyoutellmetheway_therailwaystation?(2016,天津)Goalongthisroadandsoonyoullfindit.AatBtoCinDbetween,C,D,C,7MariaisleavingforFrancesoonbyair.Shewillarrive_Paris_themorningofAugust8th.(2016,营口)Aat,inBin,onCin,inDat,on8WouldyoupleasetellmethewaytothePacificHotel?Go_thepostoffice,andyoullfinditontheleft.ApassBpastCtopassDpassed9Cambridgeisasmallcity_theeastofEngland.AbetweenBwithCinDunder,B,B,C,10Inthepicture,thechairis_thetable.(2016,南京)AunderBonCaboveDbeside其他介词11Agoodstudentconnectswhathereads_whatheseesaroundhim.(2016,苏州)AforBwithCinDon12Youcanbuyalmosteverything_theInternet,anditsveryeasy.(2016,天津)AintoBforCatDon13Manyyoungpeopleputmobilegames_anythingelse,thinkinglittleoftheirnormallives.(2016,广东)AalongwithBbeforeCbehindDinfrontof,D,B,D,B,14ManycitiesinChina,_Beijing,havebeendeeplyaffectedbydirtyair.AincludingBbehindCwithoutDbeyond15Howcanweprotectourselves_theearthquake?Weshouldstaycalmfirst.AwithBaboutCforDfrom16Benwashelpinghismotherwhentherainbegantobeatheavily_thewindows.(2015,杭州)AbelowBacrossCbehindDagainst17Welcometoourstore.Wehaveskirts_allcolors_$16each.(2015,烟台)Aat,inBin,forCat,atDin,in,A,D,D,B,特例清单1in通常用在世纪、年份、季节、月份、上午、下午、晚上等词前,但后面接时间段,意为“在之后”,用于将来时态;而after意为“在之后”,要用于一般过去时。如:Wellbebackintwodays.我们两天后回来。Afterheheardthat,heleftquickly.听到那后,他迅速离开了。2for和since在表示时间时,一般用于完成时,for与时间段连用,since与时间点连用。如:Shehasworkedtherefortwoyears.Shehasworkedtheresincetwoyearsago.她在那上班两年了。,3表示位置时,in表示某一小地点在另一大地点之内;on表示两个地点相互接壤;to则表示两个地点互不接壤,并有一定的距离。如:TaiwanisinthesouthestofChina.台湾位于中国的东南部。ShandongisonthenorthofHenan.山东位于河南的北部。JapanliestotheeastofChina.日本位于中国东部。4between表示“在两者之间”,而among表示“在三者或三者以上之中”。但当between用于三者或三者以上时,强调“两两之间”,侧重指人或物各自独立;而among强调彼此不分离。如:Heisthetalleronebetweenthem.他俩之间,他更高点。Maryisthetallestamongthegirls.在女孩中玛丽是最高的。,5表示方位时,on表示一个物体的位置在另一个物体之上,两者的表面相接触;above表示一个物体比另一个物体所处的位置高,通常两个物体表面不接触;over表示“在的正上方”,强调在垂直的上方。如:Mykeysareonthefloor.我的钥匙在地上。Thelightisrightaboveherhead.灯正好在她头上。Thebirdisflyingovertheriver.那鸟在河面上飞。6with,in,by三者都可以译为“用”,但用法不同:with表示用某种工具,所用的东西都是具体的物品;in表示某种材料、语言、声调等;by表示用某种方法或手段,多指使用某种交通工具。如:CanyousayitinChinese?你能用汉语说它吗?Weseewitheyes.我们用眼睛看。Hegoestoschoolbybike.他骑自行车上学。,7besides和except都可译为“除之外”,但含义不同:besides表示“除以外,还有”,指在整体中加入一部分,含义是肯定的;except表示“从整体中除去一部分”,含义是否定的。如:Weallhadfunbesideshim.除了他以外,我们玩得开心。(他也开心)Weallhadfunexcepthim.除了他以外,我们玩得开心。(他不开心)8insteadof意为“代替”,后面接名词、代词或动名词;而instead是副词,意为“代替,顶替”,在句子中作状语,后面不能接任何成分。如:Hellgoabroadinsteadofhisbrother.他将代替他弟弟出国。Letsgotothezooinstead.让我们去动物园。,9across和through均可译为“从这一边到另一边”,但用法不同:across的含义与on有关,表示动作是在某一物体的表面进行的;而through的含义与in有关,表示动作是在三维空间进行的。如:Dontrunacrossastreetsuddenly.不要突然横穿街道。Shewalkedthroughthegate.她从大门走进来。,18Wholookedafteryoursickgrandmotherinhospital?(2016,鄂州)Myfatherdidthat_Hedidntwantanybodyelseshelp.AinfactBinpersonCintotalDindisagreement19Xiaoganiswellknown_thecultureof“Xiao”(2016,孝感)AinBforCatDon20(导学号:05472105)_mysurprise,JinMingwaschosenintoourschoolfootballteam.Congratulations.Hedidwell_playingfootballwhenhewasveryyoung.Ihopehellbethebestplayerinourschool.(2015,黄冈)ATo,ofBAt,atCTo,inDIn,about,B,C,B,21Jack,youseemtobe_.Yes.Its8:20nowandmytrainleavesintenminutes.(2015,盐城)AinahurryBinfearCinsafetyDinsilence22Ithinkdrinkingmilkeverymorningisgood_ourhealth.Yes.Iagree_you.(2015,咸宁)Ato,toBwith,toCat,withDfor,with23TheDragonBoatFestivaliscelebrated_differentways_thesametimeindifferentplaceseveryyear.(2016,茂名)Aon,inBin,atCon,at,A,D,B,特例清单1infrontof和inthefrontof只差一个定冠词the,但用法不同;前者意为“在的前面”,前后所指的内容不存在包含关系;而后者意为“在的前部”,前后所指的内容存在包含关系。如:Sheissittinginthefrontofthehall.她坐在大厅前面。Heissittinginfrontofme.他坐在我前面。2inthetree和onthetree都可以译为“在树上”,但用法不同;前者inthetree一般指本身不是树上的事物,而后者onthetree一般指树上本身长的东西。如:Thereisakiteinthetree.树上有个风筝。Therearesomeapplesonthetree.树上有些苹果。,3inthewall表示嵌在墙里,而onthewall表示在墙的表面。如:Thereisaholeinthewall.墙上有个洞。Thereisamaponthewall.墙上有一幅地图。4“在太阳下”用inthesun,“在某人的帮助下”用withoneshelp或withthehelpofsb.。如:Dontreadinthesun.别在太阳下看书。Withtheteachershelp,Igotsomeprogress.在老师的帮助下,我取得了一些进步。,
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