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第8讲八年级(上)Units78,山西专用,1pollute(v.)(n.)污染;污染物2believe(v.)(n.)相信;信仰3disagree(v.)(反义词)同意;赞成;应允(过去式/过去分词)(现在分词)不同意;持不同意见;有分歧(n.)意见不一;分歧;争论4fall(v.)(过去式)(过去分词)(现在分词)倒塌;跌倒;掉落5main(adj.)(adv.)主要地;总体上;大致6foreign(adj.)(n.)外国人7able(adj.)(n.)能力;才能(反义词)丧失能力的;有残疾的8own(adj.&pron.)(n.)物主;主人,pollution,belief,agree,disagreed,disagreeing,disagreement,fell,fallen,falling,mainly,foreigner,ability,disabled,owner,9possible(adj.)(反义词)不可能存在或发生的;不可能的(adv.)可能;或许(n.)可能;可能性10probable(adj.)(adv.)很可能;大概11final(adj.)(adv.)最后;最终12shake(n.&v)(过去式)(过去分词)(现在分词)摇动;抖动13add.(v.)(n.)加;增加;加法14peace(n.)(adj.)和平的;安宁的(adv.)平静地;安宁地15danger(n.)_(adj.)有危险的;不安全的(n.反义词)安全16Japan(n.)(n.)日本人;日语(adj.)日本的,日本人的;日语的,impossible,possibly,possibility,probably,finally,shook,shaken,shaking,adding,peaceful,peacefully,dangerous,safety,Japanese,Japanese,17spoon(n.)_(n.)一匙;一匙的量18salt(n.)(adj.)含盐的;咸的19tradition(n.)(adj.)传统的;惯例的20advice(n.)(v.)劝告;建议21experience(n.)(pl.)经历(adj.)有经验的;有阅历的;有见识的;熟练的22dig(v.)(过去式/过去分词)(现在分词)掘(地);凿(洞);挖(土)23travel(v.&n)(过去式/过去分词)_(现在分词)旅行;游历_(n.)漂泊者;旅行者;游客,spoonful,salty,traditional,advise,experiences,experienced,dug,digging,traveled/travelled,traveling/travelling,traveler/traveller,24celebrate(v.)(过去式/过去分词)(现在分词)庆祝;庆贺(n.)庆祝或祝贺(的活动或场合)25mix(v.)(过去式/过去分词)(现在分词)(使)混合;融合(n.)混合;混合状态;混合物,celebrated,celebrating,celebration,mixed,mixing,mixture,1参与(某事);发挥作用_2未来,将来_3太空站_4多次,反复地_5醒来,唤醒_6不同意_7突然倒下;跌倒;倒塌_8寻找,寻求_9奶昔_10接通;打开_11把倒入_12取出,拿出_13一片(块,张)_14用装满_,playapart,inthefuture,spacestation,overandoveragain,wakeup,disagreewith,falldown,lookfor,milkshake,turnon,pour.into.,takeout,apieceof,fill.with.,1_people_money_?“100年后人们还会使用钱吗?”No,_Everythingwill_“不会。一切都是免费的。”2Willpeople_200yearsold?“人们会活到两百岁吗?”Yes,_“是的,人们会。”3Everyoneshould_theearth.每一个人都应当尽一份力来拯救地球。4_worldpeace?“世界会和平吗?”Yes,I_“会的,我希望如此。”,Will,use,in100years,theywont,befree,livetobe,theywill,playapartinsaving,Willtherebe,hopeso,5Today_alreadyrobots_infactories.现在已经有机器人在工厂工作了。6Forexample,scientistJamesWhitethinksthatrobots_beableto_andknowwheretheyare.例如,科学家詹姆斯怀特认为机器人将决不会醒来并知道它们在哪里。7_willlooklikehumans,and_mightlooklikeanimals.一些看上去像人,其他的一些可能看上去像动物。8_abananamilkshake?你是如何做香蕉奶昔的?9_doweneed?我们需要多少苹果?10Doyouknow_plantatree?你知道如何种树吗?11Now,_thericenoodles!现在,到了享受米线的时候了!,thereare,working,willnever,wakeup,Some,others,Howdoyoumake,Howmanyapples,howto,itstimetoenjoy,作出预测(Makepredictions)1Doyouthinktherewillberobotsinpeopleshomes?Yes,therewill.Ithinkeveryhomewillhavearobot.2Whatwillthefuturebelike?Citieswillbemorepolluted.Andtherewillbefewertrees.描述过程和遵循指示(Describeaprocessandfollowinstructions)1Howdoyoumakeabananamilkshake?First,peelthebanana.Next,putthebananasintheblender.Then,pourthemilkintotheblender.Finally,turnontheblender.2Howmanybananasdoweneed?Weneedthreebananas.,1一般将来时II(will)(见本书P194)2祈使语气(见本书P201)3可数和不可数名词(见本书P157)4howmuch与howmany(见本书P202)5副词的序列(见本书P181),1Haveyoufinishedtheposterfortheparty?Notyet.I_itintwodays.(2015,山西21题)AfinishBfinishedCwillfinish2Itssaidthatacollegestudenthada_toTibetwith500yuanforamonth.Howsurprising!Onceyouhaveanideatogosomewhere,doit!(2014,山西17题)AmatchBtravelCchange,C,B,paper【典例在线】apieceofpaper一张纸;twopiecesofpaper两张纸Wherearemyexampapers?Icantfindthem.我的试卷在哪里?我找不到它们了。【拓展精析】paper表示“纸;纸张”时,为不可数名词。若表示纸张的数量时,通常用.piece(s)of。paper还可作可数名词,意为“报纸;试卷;论文”等。其复数形式为papers。,【活学活用】1)Pleasepickupthe_.Dontkeepitonthefloor.ApaperBboxesCbooksDbottles2)CanIhelpyou?Idliketohave100_.Iwantmystudentstodrawpictures.ApieceofpaperBpiecesofpaperCpiecesofpapersDpieceofpapers,A,B,keep【典例在线】Itsourdutytokeeptheclassroomclean.保持教室干净是我们的职责。ThecleverMonkeyKingkeepsfightingtohelptheweak.聪明的猴王一直为了帮助弱者而战斗。Sometimeshecanmakethesticksosmallthathecankeepitinhisear.有时他把棒子变得很小以至于能藏在耳朵里。Theclocksloudtickingkeptmefromsleepinglastnight.昨晚,闹钟的滴答声吵得我睡不着。,【拓展精析】keepsb./sth.形容词,使某人或某物保持某种状态。keepsb./sth.介词短语,使某人或某物保留在某地。keep(sb.)doingsth.(使某人)反复地/不停地做某事。keepsb.fromdoingsth.防止或阻止某人做某事,相当于stop/preventsb.fromdoingsth.。相关短语:keepintouchwith保持联系;keeponescool沉住气,保持冷静;keep.awayfrom避免接近,远离。,【活学活用】3)Itsourdutytokeeptheenvironment_beingpolluted.AwithBfromCto4)你认为我们青少年应该远离网络吗?(2015,黄冈)Doyouthinkweteenagersshould_theInternet?(keep),B,keepawayfrom,fill【典例在线】Pleasefilltheglasswithwater.请把杯子装满水。Theglassisfilledwithwater.Theglassisfullofwater.玻璃杯里装满了水。【拓展精析】fill动词,意为“(使)充满;装满”,常用于“fill.with.”结构中,意为“用把装满”,强调动作的过程。full为fill的形容词形式,意为“装满的;充满的”。常用短语:befilledwithbefullof装满;充满;填满。,【活学活用】5)WhenIheardmybabygirlsayherfirstword,myheartwas_withjoy.AfilledBpreparedCshownDfull,A,hundredsof【典例在线】Theyagreeitmaytakehundredsofyears.他们一致认为这可能要花几百年的时间。OvertwohundredstudentsvisitedthefarmlastSunday.上个星期天有两百多名学生参观了农场。【拓展精析】hundred,thousand,million,billion为数量单位,当与具体的数字连用时,本身不加s,其后加名词复数形式。当表示不确定数目,意为“数以百计、数以千计、数以百万计”时,本身加s,并与of连用,其后也加名词复数形式。,【活学活用】6)Whenhearrivedattheairport,LeeMinhofoundthat_(数百)fanswerewaitingforhimthere.7)Samenjoyscollecting.Hehascollectedoverthree_(百)stamps.8)Thereare_studentsinourschool.(2016,邵阳)AhundredsBhundredsofChundredof,hundredsof,hundred,B,Therewillbelessfreetime.空闲时间将会更少。【典例在线】Peoplewillhaverobotsintheirhomes.人们家里将会有机器人。Ithinktherewillbefewertrees.我认为树将会更少。Imgoingtostudymathreallyhard.我打算努力学数学。【拓展精析】一般将来时:will/begoingto动词原形,表示“将要做什么”。表有计划性进行或迹象表明通常用begoingto。Therewillbe.Thereisgoingtobe.是therebe句型的一般将来时,意为“(某地/某时)将会有”。,【活学活用】1)There_asportsmeetinginourschoolnextmonth.(2016,湘潭)AwillbeBwillhaveCisgoingtohave,A,Willpeopleusemoneyin100years?一百年后人们还会用钱(币)吗?【典例在线】TheyllleaveforLondonintwoweeks.两周后他们将前往伦敦。Wellcomebackaftersixoclock.我们将在六点之后回来。Shegotthereafterthreedays.她三天后到达了那里。【拓展精析】in与after都可以表示时间。“in一段时间”,用来表示从现在算起的“过一段时间以后”,常用于一般将来时的肯定句中。通常与go,come,start,arrive,return,finish等表示瞬间动作的终止性动词连用。常用来回答“Howsoon.?”的问句。“after一段时间”用来表示从过去算起的“过一段时间以后”,谓语动词用一般过去时,不可用一般将来时;“after具体时间或某一具体事项”作时间状语时,谓语动词可用一般过去时,也可用一般将来时。,【活学活用】2)Herbirthdayis_winter,themostbeautifulseasoninayear.(2016,株洲)AinBatCon3)TheDragonBoatFestivalthisyearwillcome_fourdays.(2015,安徽)AafterBforCduringDin,A,D,more,fewer与less【典例在线】Youcanuselesswaterandplantmoretrees.你可以用更少的水,种更多的树。Peoplewillhavemorefreetimebecausetherewillbefewerthingstodo.因为会有更少的事情要做,人们将会有更多的空闲时间。【拓展精析】more意为“更多”,是many,much的比较级,既修饰可数名词复数,又修饰不可数名词。fewer意为“更少”,是few的比较级,修饰可数名词复数。less意为“更少”,是little的比较级,修饰不可数名词。,【注意】themost意为“最多”,是many,much的最高级;thefewest,theleast意为“最少”,分别是few,little的最高级。【活学活用】1)Playingvideogamesisawasteoftime.Icantagreemore.Thereare_meaningfulthingstodo.(2016,苏州)AthemostBtheleastCmoreDless2)WealllikeLucyassheisalwaysthinking_ofothersthanherself.(2016,泰安)AlessBmuchmoreCmuchDbetter3)Bobisasmartboss!Yes,soheis.Heknowshowtocutthecostoftheproject.Andhealwaysdoestheworkwith_moneyandpeople.(2016,衡阳)Aless;lessBfewer;lessCless;fewer,C,B,C,yet与already【典例在线】Ihavefinishedreadingthebookalready.我已经读完这本书了。Haveyoufoundthebookyet?你已经找到那本书了吗?Notyet.还没找到。Shehasntfinishedherhomeworkyet.她还没有做完她的作业。【拓展精析】already常用于肯定句中,意为“已经”;yet常用于疑问句或否定句中,在疑问句中意为“已经”,在否定句中意为“还”,常放在句末。,【活学活用】4)The3DTitanicisamovingfilm.Myparentshaveseenittwice_AyetBalreadyCneverDalmost5)HaveyoubeentoShanghai_?Yes,Ivebeentheretwice.Aalready;alreadyBalready;yetCyet;alreadyDyet;yet,C,B,another与more【典例在线】Addthecabbage,tomatoesandonionandcookforanother10minutes.然后加入卷心菜、西红柿和洋葱,再煮上10分钟。Thereisntenoughmeat,weneedsomemore.肉不够,我们需要再多一些。【拓展精析】两者都指在原来的基础上再增加一些,但所处的位置不同:another基数词名词;基词数more名词。,【活学活用】6)Ifyouprefertheredeveningdress,youllhavetopay_(又,再)30dollars,becauseitsmadeofsilk.7)Doyouhaveenoughstudentstocleanthelaboratory?No.Ithinkweneedtwo_students.,another,more,turndown,turnoff,turnup与turnon【典例在线】Theradioisveryloud.Canyouturnitdownalittle,please?收音机声音太大,你能调小一点儿吗?Pleaseturnoff/ontheradio.请把收音机关上/打开。Shesatdownandturneduptheradio.她坐下来,把收音机的声音调大了。,【拓展精析】turndown表示“关小;调低(音量)”;turnoff表示“关掉”;turnup表示“开大;调高(音量)”;turnon表示“打开”。turnon与turnoff;turnup与turndown均互为反义词组。注意:on,off,up,down这四个词都是副词,在使用过程中,当宾语为代词时,只能置于动词和副词之间;当宾语为名词时,既可置于动词和副词之间,也可置于副词之后。【活学活用】8)Wouldyouliketoattendthefarewellpartynextweek,Mr.Huang?Sure,Idloveto.Ihavenoreasonto_yourinvitation.(2016,黄冈)AturndownBturnoffCturnupDturnon,A,
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