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Unit 5Travelling abroad .阅读理解A(xx河南南阳一中高三实验班第一次考试,B)A new study says one part of the human brain may bee smaller as the result of a condition known as jet lag(时差). People with jet lag feel extremely tired for several days. They may also have problems in thinking clearly and remembering.Recently a researcher at the University of Bristol in Britain reported the findings of his jet lag study, which involved twenty women who worked for international airlines. They had served passengers on airplanes for five years. These flight attendants flew across many countries and at least seven time zones. In the study, the flight attendants had different amounts of time to recover from jet lag. Half the women spent five days or fewer in their home areas between long flights. The other half spent more than fourteen days in their home areas.The researcher took some saliva (唾液) from the womens mouths to measure levels of a hormone that increases during stress. He tested them to see if they could remember where black spots appeared on a puter screen. And he took pictures of their brains to measure the size of the brains temporal lobes (脑叶).It was found that the women who had less time between flights had smaller right temporal lobes. This area of the brain deals with recognizing and remembering what is seen. The same group performed worse and had slower reaction on the visual memory test. And their saliva samples showed higher levels of stress hormones.The researcher believes the brain needs at least ten days to recover after a long trip. He says airline workers told him their ability to remember got worse after working on planes for about four years. Other studies have shown that increased feelings of stress can cause a loss of cells in the part of the brain that controls memory.Scientists say more tests are needed to study the effects of jet lag on the brain. They want to find out if too much jet lag could permanently affect memory.1.It can be inferred from the text that .A.the conclusion is refused by many scientistsB.scientists fear that this research is not done properlyC.every scientific conclusion needs the support from many testsD.the women who were examined in the research were not healthy2.From the result of the research we can see that .A.the women who have longer rest at home perform better on the test.B.the women who fly in short time have smaller right temporal lobesC.the women who have longer flights fail the memory testD.the women who rest more than 14 days produce more hormones3.What is the subject discussed in the test?A.The cause of jet lag.B.A story of a group of flight attendants.C.The importance of having enough rest after flights.D.A research into the effects of jet lag on the brain.B(xx四川双流中学9月月考)Like many new graduates, I left university full of hope for the future but with no real idea of what I wanted to do. My degree, with honors, in English literature had not really prepared me for anything practical. I knew I wanted to make a difference in the world somehow, but I had no idea how to do that. Thats when I learned about the Lighthouse Project. I started my journey as a Lighthouse Project volunteer by reading as much as I could about the experiences of previous volunteers. I knew it would be a lot of hard work, and that I would be away from my family and friends for a very long time. In short, I did not take my decision to apply for the Lighthouse Project lightly. Neither did my family. Eventually, however, I won the support of my family, and I sent in all the paperwork needed for the application.After countless interviews and presentations, I managed to stand out among the candidates and survive the test alone. Several months later, I finally received a call asking me to report for the duty. I was going to a small village near Abuja, Nigeria. Where? What? Nigeria? I had no idea. But I was about to find out.After pleting my training, I was sent to the village that was small and desperately in need of proper acmodation. Though the local villagers were poor, they offered their homes, hearts, and food as if I were their own family. I was asked to lead a small team of local people in building a new schoolhouse. For the next year or so, I taught in that same schoolhouse. But I sometimes thought I learned more from my students than they did from me. Sometime during that period, I realized that all those things that had seemed so strange or unusual to me no longer did, though I did not get anywhere with the local language, and returned to the United States as a different man. The Lighthouse Project had changed my life forever.4.What do we know about the author?A.His university education focused on the theoretical knowledge.B.His dream at university was to bee a volunteer.C.He took pride in having contributed to the world.D.He felt honored to study English literature.5.According to Paragraph 2, it is most likely that the author .A.discussed his decision with his familyB.asked previous volunteers about voluntary workC.attended special training to perform difficult tasksD.felt frightened about having to leave his family and friends6.In his application for the volunteer job, the author .A.participated in many discussionsB.went through challenging survival testsC.wrote quite a few papers on voluntary workD.faced strong petition from other candidates7.What can we infer from the authors experiences in Nigeria?A.He found some difficulty adapting to the local culture.B.He had learned to municate in the local language.C.He had overe all his weaknesses before he left for home.D.He was chosen as the most respectable teacher by his students.语法填空(xx四川双流中学9月月考)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。There are as many varieties of English as there are speakers of it. English1 (speak) as an official language in more than 60 countries, and it can sound very different from place to place. 2 is easy for us to tell British English 3 American English.There is not really a standard form that everyone can agree on and English is4 (wide) spoken, so it is hard to tell which English is correct. As long as speakers can understand each other,5(correct) doesnt matter.Australian English has traces of both Irish and cockney speech patterns, because the first speakers were prisoners6 came from all over Britain. Many of the Aboriginal words 7(pass) into the language.8 the main differences lie in the individual sounds and intonation patterns.But this is not the case, the variety of English9(speak) in Jamaica has some of the grammatical features of the American language.On the10 side of the world, in Singapore, English is spoken by about half the population. Sentences often end with the word lah. English here has been influenced especially by Malay and the Chinese dialect Hokkien.1. 2. 3. 4. 5.6. 7. 8. 9. 10.短文改错(xx河南郑州一中高三入学考试)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(),并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改:在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。The incident had happened on my way to a Book store on the rainy Sunday afternoon. I was waiting for the green light when a girl about ten was knocked down by a passing car, that drove off quickly. A man immediately rushes to the girl to give him first aid. I joined in without hesitation. A young woman called 110 and the polices soon arrived at the scene. Fortunate she was not badly injured and we sent her to the nearest hospital. paring with the escaped driver, I am proud of that I did.书面表达(xx山西重点中学协作体高三一联)假如你叫李华,不久前参加了美国文化委员会举办的一次语言竞赛活动,作为获奖者你得到了暑假去美国免费学习英语的机会。以下是校方寄给你的课程安排表,请你阅 读课表,按要求给对方负责人 Mr. Smith 回一封信。English CoursesTotal HoursDatefive-week course60July 7August 2three-week course40July 12August 8注意:1.信的开头已为你写好,但不计入总词数;2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;3.词数:100 左右。Dear Mr. Smith,Thank you for your offer of inviting me to the free summer English course in your school. Yours,Li Hua答案精解精析.阅读理解A语篇解读本文为一篇科普文章,介绍了科学家对于飞行时差反应对人脑的影响所做的实验的相关情况。1.C推理判断题。根据最后一段中Scientists say more tests are needed to study the effects of jet lag on the brain.可知。2.A推理判断题。根据第四段可知选A。3.D主旨大意题。 根据全文结合第一段第一句话可知,本文主要介绍了对于飞行时差反应对人脑的影响所做的实验。B语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。叙述了作者在尼日利亚当志愿者的故事。4.A推理判断题。根据第一段的My degree, with honors, in English literature had not really prepared me for anything practical.可推断作者在大学主要学习的是理论知识。故选A。5.A细节理解题。根据第二段中 “In short, I did not take my decision to apply for the Lighthouse Project lightly. Neither did my family.”可知,作者和家人就做志愿者工作进行了探讨。故选A。6.D推理判断题。根据第三段中“After countless interviews and presentations, I managed to stand out among the candidates and survive the test alone.”可知,作者在申请成为志愿者的过程中脱颖而出。由此推断作者面临着其他申请者的强大竞争。故选D。7.A推理判断题。根据最后一段中“though I did not get anywhere with the local language”可推断他在适应当地文化中存在一定困难。故选A。.语法填空1.is spoken考查动词的时态和语态。 English和speak之间是被动关系,根据句意可知用一般现在时态的被动语态,故填 is spoken。2.It考查代词。此处是it作形式主语,真正的主语是后面的动词不定式,故填It。3.from考查固定搭配。tell.from.为固定搭配,意为“把和区分开”。 4.widely考查副词。修饰spoken,需用副词形式。5.correctness考查名词。此处需用名词作主语,故使用correctness。6.who/that考查定语从句。prisoners为先行词,指人,从句中缺主语,故用who或that。7.passed考查动词的时态与语态。pass与句子主语构成主动关系,且表示过去发生的事情,故使用passed。8.But考查连词。前后内容为转折关系,故填But。9.spoken考查非谓语动词。动词speak与句子主语构成被动关系,故使用过去分词作后置定语。 10.other考查限定词。此处表示“世界的另一边”。故填other。.短文改错The incident had happened on my way to a bookstore on thea rainy Sunday afternoon. I was waiting for the green light when a girl about ten was knocked down by a passing car, thatwhich drove off quickly. A man immediately rushesrushed to the girl to give himher first aid. I joined in without hesitation. A young woman called 110 and the policespolice soon arrived at the scene. FortunateFortunately she was not badly injured and we sent her to the nearest hospital. ComparingCompared with the escaped driver, I am proud of thatwhat I did.事件发生在一个下雨的星期天的下午,由此可知句子用一般过去时态,故把had去掉。这里表示在一个下雨的星期天的下午,应使用不定冠词a。a girl of about ten一个大约十岁的女孩。此处a passing car为先行词,指物,在后面的非限制性定语从句中作主语,故使用关系代词which。根据前文可知句子用一般过去时态,故把rushes改为rushed。根据前文可知是一名女孩受伤了,故把him改为her。police是集体名词,本身表示复数意义。使用副词修饰整个句子,故把Fortunate改为Fortunately。pared to/with.与相比。介词of后面是宾语从句,引导词既引导宾语从句,又作宾语从句的宾语,故使用连接代词what。.书面表达Dear Mr. Smith,Thank you for your offer of inviting me to the free summer English course in your school.As for my choice, I certainly prefer the three-week course, although its from July 12 to August 8. It will allow me more time to visit your beautiful country while Im learning the language. Id like to make a few new friends.Of all the subjects Im learning at school, I like English best. Ive been learning English for six years and now Im able to listen, speak, read and write. I hope to take this opportunity to improve my spoken English as much as possible. I believe Ill have a wonderful time in America this summer.Yours,Li Hua
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