2019届高三英语上学期第一次教学诊断试题.doc

2019届高三英语上学期第一次教学诊断试题第一部分 听力第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）请听下面5段对话，选出最佳选项。1. Why does the man e here? A. To relax. B. To study. C. To borrow books.2. What happens to the speakers? A. They are lost. B. Their car is broken. C. They are running out of gas.3. What sport did the woman watch? A. Football. B. Tennis. C. Swimming.4. When will the woman leave for the airport tomorrow? A. At 5:30. B. At 6:30. C. At 7:30.5. What does the professor suggest the woman do? A. Hand in the final paper. B. Write another paper. C. Revise her paper.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）请听下面5段对话或独白，选出最佳选项。请听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. How does the man probably feel now? A. Impatient. B. Regretful. C. Confused.7. What is the man doing? A. plaining. B. forting. C. Encouraging.请听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8. When does the conversation take place? A. In the morning. B. At noon. C. In the evening.9. What did the man attend? A. A party. B. A discussion. C. The opening ceremony.请听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10. What symptom does the woman have? A. She has a temperature. B. She feels exhausted. C. She sneezes a lot.11. Whats wrong with the woman according to the man? A. Shes got the flu. B. Shes had an allergy. C. Shes got a headache.12. What should the woman do if her illness bees serious? A. Drink more water. B. Take some medicine. C. Have a medical examination.请听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13. What is the woman going to do? A. Go sightseeing. B. Visit her parents. C. Work for a project.14. Where did the woman grow up? A. In Kentucky. B. In Los Angeles. C. In South Carolina.15. What does the woman think of living in Westchester? A. Convenient. B. Expensive. C. Quiet.16. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Friends. B. Neighbors. C. Strangers.请听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17. What activity is arranged tomorrow morning? A. Visiting the art gallery. B. Playing games in the garden. C. Learning about the history of the house.18. In what condition should guests inform the staff in advance? A. When they dont have breakfast. B. When they have breakfast after 8:30. C. When they want other kind of breakfast.19. What do we know about the garden? A. It was built in 1990. B. It is smaller than before. C. It is far away from the car park.20. What does the speaker say about the animals? A. They are rare. B. They may e close. C. They are kept by the speaker.第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。UK is being a popular destination for people who wish to study abroad. However, Britain is quite an expensive place to study and live in. Tuition fees have now reached 9,250 a year and students also face some of the highest living costs in the world.Fortunately, there are a number of countries where universities offer degree programs entirely in English, along with the chance to learn the local language while you live there. Here are three of the options. Tianjin UniversityMoving to China is not for the faint hearted. Undergraduate degree courses at Tianjin last four years. Living costs are only around 400 a month and tuition fees are 2,300 a year. Flights will cost 3,600 over the four years. The total cost, at 28,800, is still around half that of a three-year degree in Britain. Tianjin is one of the worlds latest cities and is only a half-hour train ride from Beijing. Three undergraduate programs are offered in English: Chemical Engineering, Environment & Energy and Pharmaceutical Science.University of AmsterdamThe Dutch capital is not a cheap city to live in, but standard tuition fees of 1,800 a year make it significantly cheaper than a British degree. There are 14 bachelors degrees on offer that are taught in English, including Political Science, Economics & Business Economics and Actuarial Science. Nearly all Dutch people speak English, making it an easy country to get by in. University of MilanThe University of Milans fees range from 140 to 3,650 a year. The one bachelors degree offered entirely in English-Political Science is a three-year course. While living costs in Milan are high, the significantly lower fees make it a cheaper option than a British university.21. What is probably the total cost of a three-year degree in Britain?A. 14,400 B. 27,750 C. 28,800 D. 57,60022. Where can you major in Political Science?A. London and Tianjin. B. Amsterdam and London. C. Amsterdam and Milan. D. Tianjin and Milan.23. What is the purpose of the text?A. To encourage people to study abroad.B. To introduce some affordable universities.C. To advertise some degree programs.D. To pare tuition fees and living costs.BOn November 7, Lewis Pugh pleted a one-kilometer swim in the freezing waters of King Edward Cove, off South Georgia in Antarctica. He was wearing only his swimming glasses, cap and Speedos!Pugh is an advocate for our oceans and seas, working to protect these ecosystem with their large diversity of marine (海洋的) life. When asked why he doesnt wear a wetsuit, Lewis says, “I ask world leaders to do everything they can to protect our oceans. Sometimes the steps they need to take are difficult and unpopular. If Im asking them to be courageous, I must also be. Swimming in a wetsuit would not send the right message.”It took Pugh about 19 minutes to plete the one-kilometer swim in Antarctica where the water averaged about 1.6 degrees Celsius (摄氏度). He says that his body can only tolerate about 20 minutes in the freezing waters before it starts shutting down. As he swims, his body temperature steadily drops, which in turn causes his muscle (肌肉) control to drop, slowing him down. When he is done with his swim, his support team rushes him to a hot shower and it takes almost an hour for his body temperature to return to normal.Doctors and Pugh caution that one must receive months of training to swim in such cold waters. Even expert swimmers who are unused to freezing water can drown within minutes because of the physical shock experienced by the body. Pugh says he trained for six months before this swim.This is not the first time that Lewis has swum in dangerous conditions. In xx, he swam one kilometer in the North Pole to draw attention to the melting Arctic ice due to climate change. In xx, he swam in the Bay of Whales in Antarcticas Ross Sea as part of his successful campaign to help set up a marine reserve there.24. Why did Lewis Pugh swim without a wetsuit? A. To swim faster. B. To show his bravery. C. To build up his body. D. To win public attention.25. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to?A. His body. B. The water. C. His body temperature. D. The water temperature.26. Whats Pughs advice about swimming in freezing waters? A. One must be fully prepared. B. One should be expert at swimming. C. One should be ready to take on challenges. D. One must be used to long-distance swimming.27. What may be the best title for the text? A. Lewis Pugh: swimming for a cause B. How to survive a swim in cold waters C. How to prepare for extreme swimming D. Lewis Pugh: achieving the impossibleCMany leading AI researchers think that in a matter of decades, artificial intelligence will be able to do not merely some of our jobs, but all of our jobs, forever transforming life on Earth. The reason why many reject this as science fiction is that weve traditionally thought of intelligence as something mysterious that can only exist in biological organisms, especially humans. But such an idea is unscientific. From my point of view as a physicist and AI researcher, intelligence is simply a certain kind of information-processing performed by elementary particles(基本粒子) moving around, and there is no law of physics that says one cant build machines more intelligent than us in all ways. This suggests that weve only seen the tip of the intelligence iceberg and that there is an amazing potential to unlock the full intelligence that is potential in nature and use it to help humanity.If we get it right, the upside is huge. Since everything we love about civilization is the product of intelligence, amplifying (扩大) our own intelligence with AI has the potential to solve tomorrows toughest problems. For example, why risk our loved ones dying in traffic accidents that self-driving cars could prevent or dying of cancers that AI might help us find cures for? Why not increase productivity through automation (自动化) and use AI to accelerate our research and development of affordable sustainable (可持续的) energy?Im optimistic that we can develop rapidly with advanced AI as long as we win the race between the growing power of our technology and the knowledge with which we manage it. But this requires giving up our outdated concept of learning form mistakes. That helped us win the race with less powerful technology: We messed up with fire and then invented fire extinguishers (灭火器), and we messed up with cars and then invented seat belts. However, its an awful idea for more powerful technologies, such as nuclear weapons or superintelligent AI where even a single mistake is unacceptable and we need to get things right the first time.28. How do many people feel about leading AI researchers predictions?A. Worried B. Curious C. Doubtful D. Disappointed29. What does the author think of intelligence?A. We know little about it. B. It belongs to human beings.C. It is too difficult to understand. D. We have a good mand of it.30. What does the underlined word “upside” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?A. Cost. B. Potential. C. Quantity. D. Advantage.31. Whats important for us in the race between people and technology?A. Learning from failure. B. Increasing our intelligence.C. Avoiding making mistakes. D. Making accurate predictions.DAir travel can be annoying. But research now suggests global warming could make it much worse. To get off the ground in really hot weather, planes may be forced to carry fewer passengers. That might mean a little more space, which would be good. However, it also would make the passengers pay more.Average air temperatures around the world are rising because people are polluting the air with an increasing number of greenhouse gases, which, such as carbon dioxide, are a byproduct (副产品) of burning fuels. Those warmer temperatures can influence an airplanes ability to fly because air molecules (分子) spread out more as the air warms. This produces less lift under a planes wings, so a plane must be lighter to take off in hot weather than on cooler days.It can even prove too dangerous for some planes to attempt a take-off. A record of June heat wave in the American Southwest, for instance, caused flight cancellations in Phoenix, Ariz. One airlines planes were cleared to operate only up to 47.8 degree Celsius. On June 20, Phoenix reached 48.3C!Radley Horton is a climate scientist at Columbia University. Two years ago, he and his graduate student Ethan David Coffel studied the impact of warming at four U.S. airports and found that warming of track could triple (使成三倍) the number of days when planes face weight restrictions. Later, they explored the impact of rising temperatures on live types of mercial planes flying out of 19 of the worlds busiest airports. In the ing decades, as many as one to three out of every 10 flights that take off during the hottest time of day could face weight. That would be equal to taking a dozen people off the plane, the researchers calculated.32. How would global warming affect air travel according to the first paragraph?A. Itll add to the danger of flying. B. Itll increase passengers travel cost.C. Itll make flying much more fortable. D. Itll encourage more people lo travel by plane.33. What is the second paragraph actually intended to explain?A. How global warming is happening. B. What decides a planes ability to fly.C. Why global warming affects flying. D. Where greenhouse gases are created. 34. What is the last paragraph mainly about?A. Reasons for flight cancellation. B. The findings of a weight-related research.C. The tendency of temperature change. D. Effects of hot air on financial growth.35. What should be the best title for the text?A. Air Travel Isnt Remended during Hot Weather C. Rising Temperatures May Reduce the Number of Flights C. Weight Restrictions Are More mon in More AirportsD. Hotter Air May Lead to Planes Carrying Fewer Passengers第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Every animal sleeps, but the reason for this has remained foggy. When lab rats are not allowed to sleep, they die within a month. 36 One idea is that sleep helps us strengthen new memories. 37 We know that, while awake, fresh memories are recorded by reinforcing (加强) connections between brain cells, but the memory processes that take place while we sleep have been unclear. Support is growing for a theory that sleep evolved so that connections between neurons (神经元) in the brain can be weakened overnight, making room for fresh memories to form the next day. 38 Now we have the most direct evidence yet that he is right. 39 The synapses in the mice taken at the end of a period of sleep were 18 per cent smaller than those taken before sleep, showing that the connections between neurons weaken while sleeping.If Tononis theory is right, it would explain why, when we miss a nights, we find it harder the next day to concentrate and learn new information our brains may have smaller room for new experiences.Their research also suggests how we may build lasting memories over time even though the synapses bee thinner. The team discovered that some synapses seem to be protected and stayed the same size. 40 “You keep what matters,” Tononi says.A. We should also try to sleep well the night before.B. Its as if the brain is preserving its most important memories.C. Thats why students do better in tests if they get a chance to sleep after learning.D. Similarly, when people go for a few days without sleeping, they get sick.E. The processes take place to stop our brains being loaded with memories.F. Tononis team measured the size of these connections, or synapses, in the brains of 12 mice.G. “Sleep is the price we pay for learning,” says Giulio Tononi, who developed the idea.第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。One day I overheard my mom talk about a family whose work schedules overlapped (重叠), leaving no one to watch their two children. Upon hearing their 41 , I decided to help this 42 out by babysitting (当临时保姆). I finally continued with it due to the 43 I obtained. For example, on the first day, while we were playing outside, the neighborhood kids 44 playing on the swings. I 45 came up with the solution of rock-paper-scissors: the kids who 46 swung first. I 47 I had the ability to change a negative situation into an enjoyable 48 for the children. The two children 49 me how creativity can e from the 50 things, with imagination being the only tool needed. We turned plates into masks and the backyard into a medieval (中世纪的) castle. They also taught me things cant always be 51 and sometimes things can get messy but you can always clean a mess up. I 52 more about myself each of the four times a week I spent at the household than I could have 53 .I continued babysitting throughout my high school 54 the bond Id formed with the children and the 55 Id felt I was making in their family. It was 56 to watch the kids 57 and learn from things I was able to instill (灌输)in them. After the swing argument, whenever a 58 needed a solution, the kids would do rock-paper-scissors. Ill never 59 the lifetime skills I obtained from the experience that has 60 me into the person I am today.41. A. vacationB. accidentC. applicationD. situation42. A. relativeB. familyC. friendD. mother43. A. prizesB. surprisesC. giftsD. lessons44. A. focused onB. waited forC. argued overD. thought about45. A. quicklyB. patientlyC. casuallyD. hardly46. A. petedB. wonC. tried D. stopped47. A. realizedB. expectedC. rememberedD. agreed48. A. gameB. holidayC. partyD. trip49. A. shockedB. embarrassedC. convincedD. taught50. A. dullestB. craziestC. simplestD. cheapest51. A. plexB. perfectC. obviousD. new52. A. wroteB. talkedC. worriedD. learned53. A. insisted B. affordedC. claimedD. imagined54. A. except for B. because ofC. instead of D. as for55. A. demandB. fortuneC. decisionD. difference56. A. confusingB. rewardingC. challengingD. disappointing57. A. smileB. surviveC. growD. graduate58. A. conflictB. mysteryC. subjectD. trick59. A. doubtB. forgetC. believeD. regret60. A. shapedB. fooledC. reasonedD. followed第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China has always been famous for being a “State of Etiquettes (礼仪)”. According to 61._ (history) documents, as early as 2,600 years ago, this nation has already established a thorough set 62._ dining etiquettes. A famous 19th century Russian writer, Anton Chekhov, once invited a Chinese man 63._ (have) a drink in a bar. Chekhov said, “Before drinking from his cup, he held 64._ with his hands and presented to me and the bar owner and bar tenders, 65._ (say) “qing (please).” This is the custom of China. They are not like us to finish it in one drink, 66._ prefer to drink by taking a small amount at a time. With every sip (一小口), he 67._ (eat) some food. Afterwards he handed me some Chinese coins to show 68._ (grateful). This is a rather interestingly polite nationality. This was the most valuable opinion of a Chinese person 69._ was given by a foreigner two centuries ago. Chinese traditional dinner procedures used to be long and dealt seriously with. The 70._ (important) the occasion, the more plex the procedures were.第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处；每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Dear Peter,Thank you so much for inviting me to take part in the winter camp organizing by your school in the ing winter holiday. Quite interested, I am writing to learn about farther details.Above all, I wonder that it is convenient for you to inform me for the specific schedule in advance. Besides, this will be my first experience to participate such a activity. Would you be kind enough to offer any suggestions on whose items I specially need to take it with me?I am really excited and look forward to it. I would appreciate it if you could give me a reply at your earliest convenient. Yours, Li Hua 第二节 书面表达（满分25分）假设你是李华，你的美国朋友Jonah得知你即将到美国旅游。他来信询问