2019届高三英语上学期第一次月考试题（A卷）.doc

2019届高三英语上学期第一次月考试题（A卷）注意事项：1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。用2B铅笔将答题卡上试卷类型A后的方框涂黑。2.选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3.非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4.考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）(略) 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 AThe National GalleryDescription:The National Gallery is the British national art museum built on the north side of Trafalgar Square in London. It houses a different collection of more than 2,300 examples of European art ranging from 13th-century religious paintings to more modem ones by Renoir and Van Gogh. The older collections of the gallery are reached through the main entrance while the more modem works in the East Wing are most easily reached from Trafalgar Square by a ground floor entranceLayout:The modem Sainsbury Wing on the western side of the building houses 13th- to 15th-century paintings, and artists include Duccio, Uccello, Van Eyck, Lippi, Mantegna, Botticelli and Memling.The main West Wing houses 16th-century paintings, and artists include Leonardo da Vinci, Cranach, Michelangelo, Raphael, Bruegel, Bronzino, Titan and Veronese.The North Wing houses 17th-century paintings, and artists include Caravaggio, Rubens, Poussin, Van Dyck, Velazquez, Claude and Vermeer.The East Wing houses 18th- to early 20th-century paintings, and artists include Canaletto, Goya, Turner, Constable, Renoir and Van Gogh.Opening Hours:The Gallery is open every day from 10am to 6pm (Fridays 10am to 9pm) and is free, but charges apply to some special exhibitions.Getting There:Nearest underground stations: Charing Cross (2-minute walk), Leicester Square (3-minute walk), Embankment (7-minute walk), and Piccadilly Circus (8-minute walk).21. In which centurys collection can you see religious paintings?A. The 17th. B. The 13th.C. The 18th. D. The 20th.22. Where are Leonardo da Vincis works shown?A. In the East Wing. B. In the Sainsbury Wing.C. In the main West Wing. D. In the North Wing.23. Which underground station is closest to the National Gallery?A. Piccadilly Circus. B. Leicester Square.C. Embankment. D. Charing Cross.【答案】21. B 22. C 23. D【解析】本文介绍了英国伦敦国家美术馆。分四大板块进行介绍：整体描述、布局、开放时间以及可以到达美术馆的地铁站。21.考查细节理解题。根据第一段中的It houses a diverse collectiong of more than 2,300 examples of European art ranging from 13th-century religious paintings to more modern ones by Renoir and Van Gogh.（它藏有从13世纪宗教美术作品到雷诺瓦和梵高的现代作品2300多份的各种各样的藏品），我们可以断定宗教美术作品是13世纪的，故选B项。22.考查细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的The main West Wing houses 16th-century paintings, and artists include Leonardo da Vinci主要的西翼藏有16世纪的美术作品以及包括Leonardo da Vinci等在内的艺术家的作品，可知B正确。23.考查推理判断题。根据最后一段中的Nearest underground stations：Charing Cross(2minute walk).可知，Charing Cross离国家美术馆只有步行2分钟的路程，其他几个地方离国家美术馆的距离都比Charing Cross远，故选D项。BReading can be a social activity. Think of the people who belong to book groups. They choose books to read and then meet to discuss them. Now, the website BookCrossing. turns the page on the traditional ides of a book group.Members go on the site and register the books they own and would like to share. BookCrossing provides an identification number to stick inside the book. Then the person leaves it in a public place, hoping that the book will have an adventure, traveling far and wide with each new reader who finds it.Bruce Pederson, the managing director of BookCrossing, says, “The two things that change your life are the people you meet and books you read. BookCrossing bines both.”Members leave books on park benches and buses, in train stations and coffee shops. Whoever finds their book will go to the site and record where they found it.People who find a book can also leave a journal entry describing what they thought of it. E-mails are then sent to the BookCrossing to keep them updated about where their books have been found. Bruce Peterson says the ideas is for people not to be selfish by keeping a book to gather dust on a shelf at home.BookCrossing is part of a trend among people who want to get back to the “real” and not the virtual（虚拟）.The site now has more than one million members in more than one hundred thirty-five countries.24. Why does the author mention book groups in the first paragraph?A. To explain what they are.B. To introduce BookCrossing.C. To stress the importance of reading.D. To encourage readers to share their ideas.25. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to?A. The book. B. An adventure.C. A public place. D. The identification number.26. What will a BookCrosser do with a book after reading it?A. Meeting other readers to discuss it. B. Keep it safe in his bookcase.C. Pass it on to another reader. D. Mail it back to its owner.27. What is the best title for the text?A. Online Reading: A Virtual TourB. Electronic Books: A new TrendC. A Book Group Brings Tradition BackD. A Website Links People Through Books【答案】24. B 25. A 26. C 27. D【解析】24. 目的意图题。作者在第一段中提出读书也是一种社交活动，那些参加读书小组的人经常在一起阅读讨论所读内容，增强相互之间的理解。接着在最后一句提出BookCrossing.,说明作者提到读书小组的目的正是为了介绍网站BookCrossing.。故B正确。25. 代词指代题。根据本句“. hoping that the book will have an adventure, traveling far and wide with each new reader who finds it”可知，那些留下书的人希望自己的书能够随着找到它的人走得更远。可知其中的it指代前半句提到的同一事物“the book”。故A正确。26.推理判断题。根据文章第五段最后一句“the idea is for people not to be selfish by keeping a book to gather dust on a shelf at home”可知，让家中书橱里的书积满灰尘，这种想法很自私。而网站BookCrossing.的目的正是鼓励人们与别人分享图书，所以拿到书的人最可能继续把书传递下去。故C选项正确。27. 标题概括题。根据文章第三段可知BookCrossing.把改变人生的两种事物：遇到的人和读过的书联系在一起。D项内容能够涵盖文章的中心思想。CThe scar ran down her leg from the knee to the ankle. She brushed her fingertips over its surface, remembering.Jerry was only seven when he started surfing; by the age of eleven, he was positively incredible, moving over the face of big waves like there wasnt even a slightest bit of efforts involved in.On that day in Bah, though, the ocean had seemed strange. The waves broke like water in a washing machine, and the breaks had been heavy too, making it tough to tell whether it was better to try to catch one or to get out of its way. That was how hed misjudged.Ella had seen her brother lose control, his board was thrown out of the water riderless high into the air, but she hadnt seen him surface. Shed waited for the space of a breath. Nothing. Something, clearly, was wrong.She dashed into the water, swimming faster even than the petitions at school. Lung burning. Heart Piping-Focused.Shed found him floating just beyond the reef (暗礁), face up but knocked out cold. Just as she was paddling the water hard, her leg was hurt by the reef, a short, sharp instant of pain.No matter. She had kept Jerrys head above water, swimming all the way back to shore. That day had been the worst, scariest moment in Jerrys surfing career, which has seen him rise from a no-name kid who loved the ocean to a young star, winning petitions around the world.For Ella, her life had changed as well. She had learned something about who she was, about what she could achieve. She ran her fingers again over the scar, the physical map of the person she had bee.28. Why did Ella think something was wrong?A. She didnt see Jerry e out of water.B. She had not seen Jerry lose control before.C. She saw Jerrys board high into the air.D. She noticed Jerry held his breath longer.29. What does the underlined part “positively incredible” probably mean?A. Terribly excited. B. Extremely good.C. Relatively young. D. Hardly talented.30. For Ella, the scar represents .A. her skill at saving lives B. her discovery of self-valueC. her envy of her brother D. her love for swimming career31. What can be inferred from the text?A. Ella was as outstanding an athlete as Jerry.B. Jerry learned how to surf all by himself.C. Ella was grateful for this terrible experience.D. Jerry had his leg injured in the surfing accident.【答案】28. A 29. B 30. B 31. C【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了Ella在一次拯救Jerry的冲浪中受伤的事，从此事中Ella找到了自我价值。28. 细节理解题。根据句子but she hadnt seen him surface可知Ella没有看到Jerry露出水面，她觉得有不好的事情发生了。故选A。29. 词义猜测题。根据其后面的句子moving over the face of big waves like there wasnt even a slightest bit of efforts involved in.可以猜测出positively incredible为“非常好”之意。故选B。30. 推理判断题。根据句子She had learned something about who she was，about what she could achieve可知这个疤痕让Ella发现了自我价值。故选B。31. 主旨大意题。短文虽然讲了Ella受伤了，但是她从中也学到了一些东西，因此她对这次可怕的经历是感恩的，故选C。DRunning is often tiring and a lot of hard work, but nothing beats the feeling you get after finishing a long workout around the track.But while its long been believed that endorphins (脑内啡）一chemicals in the body that cause happiness 一 are behind the so-called “runners high”，a study suggested that there may be more to this phenomenon than we previously knew.According to a recent study published by a group of scientists from several German universities, a group of chemicals called endocannabinoids (内源性大麻素）may actually be responsible for this familiar great feeling.To test this theory, the scientists turned to mice.Both mice and humans release high levels of endorphins and endocannabinoids after exercise, along with many other chemicals. After exercising on running wheels, the mice seemed happy and relaxed and displayed no signs of anxiety.But after being given a drug to block their endorphins the change. However, when their endocannabinoids were block with a different drug, their runners high symptoms seemed to fade.“The long-held notion of endorphins being responsible for the runners high is false. Endorphins are effective pain relievers, but only when it es to the pain in your body and muscles you feel after working out,” Patrick Lucas Austin wrote on science blog Lifchacker.Similar studies are yet to be carried out on humans, but its already well known that exercise is a highly effective way to get rid of stress or anxiety.The UKs National Health Service even prescribes (开药方)exercise to patients who are suffering from depression.“Being depressed can leave you feeling low in energy, which might put you off being more active. Regular exercise can boost your mood if you have depression, and its especially useful for people with mild to moderate (中等的）depression,” it wrote on its website.It seems like nothing can beat that feeling we get after a good workout, even if we don t fully understand where it es from. At least if were feeling down, we know that all we have to do is put on our running shoes.32. What did scientists from German universities recently discover?A. Working out is a highly effective way to treat depression.B. The runners high could be caused by endocannabinoids.C. Endorphins may contribute to ones high spirits after running.D. The level of endorphins and endocannabinoids could affect ones mood.33. The scientists gave mice drugs in their experiment to .A. find what reduces the runners high symptomsB. see the specific symptoms of the runners highC. identify what is responsible for the runners highD. test what influences the level of endocannabinoids released34. The underlined word “notion” in Paragraph 7 has the closest meaning to .A. effect B. goalC. question D. belief35. According to the UKs National Health Service, regular workouts .A. are the best way to treat depressionB. can help ease depression symptomsC. only work for those with serious depressionD. can help people pletely recover from depression【答案】32. B 33. C 34. D 35. B【解析】本文是一篇说明文。跑步通常很累人，也很辛苦，但没有什么能比你在跑道上长时间锻炼后的感觉更好。即使我们不完全理解它来自哪里。至少，如果我们情绪低落，我们知道我们所要做的就是穿上跑鞋。32.推理判断题。根据第三段According to a recent study published by a group of scientists from several German universities, a group of chemicals called endocannabinoids (内源性大麻素）may actually be responsible for this familiar great feeling.可知，跑步者的高水平可能是由endocannabinoids引起的。故选B。33.推理判断题。根据第三、四段According to a recent study published by a group of scientists from several German universities, a group of chemicals called endocannabinoids (内源性大麻素）may actually be responsible for this familiar great feeling.和To test this theory, the scientists turned to mice.可知，科学家们在实验中给老鼠注射了药物，以确定什么对跑步者的高水平负责。故选C。34.词义猜测题。根据第七段中“The long-held notion of endorphins being responsible for the runners high is false. Endorphins are effective pain relievers, but only when it es to the pain in your body and muscles you feel after working out,” “长期以来，内啡肽对奔跑者的快感负责的观念是错误的。内啡肽是一种有效的止痛药，但只有当它涉及到你的身体和肌肉的疼痛时，你才会感到疼痛。”由此可知划线词的意思是“信念”，故选D。35.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中Regular exercise can boost your mood if you have depression, and its especially useful for people with mild to moderate (中等的）depression,可知，根据英国国家健康服务中心的数据，定期锻炼可以缓解抑郁症的症状。故选B。第二节 （共 5 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 Ways to Worry LessDo you want to worry less? Of course you do, fight? Thats like me asking if I could send you free bacon. Worry is like black moldit appears in damp conditions and spreads uncontrollably. And often times we dont realize its there until its killing us. We must get rid of worry before it destroys us. But how?_36_Do what you need to do._37_You ought not to avoid tough projects or hard conversions until the last moment. If you dont do what you should be doing, you will end up spending the rest of the time worried about the must-to-do things. Believe it or not, the anxiety that es from worrying is much worse than the task were worried about._38_I think many of us act like were puppets（木偶）in a play and were waiting for something or someone to put us in the right place. You just react to whatever is going on._39_We need to live on purpose. Nothing can cause worry like purposelessness.Make plans.You cant have intentionality without making plans. Making plan will enable you to achieve your aims more smoothly. Yet, dont place your plans in stone. You can adjust your plans flexibly. Accept changes._40_There are other ways to lessen worry. As long as you are determined to take action, you will live a worry-free life.A. Worry ruins creativity.B. Get more intentional.C. Do what you should be doing.D. We need to stop letting life just happen.E. Make new plans and then move forward.F. You do the same as people around you do.G. Here are some effective ways to deal with it.【答案】36. G 37. C 38. B 39. D 40. E【解析】这篇短文介绍我们如何减少担忧，提供了一些方法。36. 考查上下文理解推理能力。根据本段介绍我们怎样少担心，我们必须在忧愁毁灭我们之前消除它们。上句提到“如何做呢？”并结合下文是分项介绍该怎样去做，所以此处应该是一个引起下文的句子。G项意思是“这里有一些处理它的有效方法。”符合语境。故选G。37. 考查上下文理解推理能力。根据这段的标题：做你需要的事。并结合下句表示“If you dont do what you should be doing”可知此处表示做自己该做的事。C项意思是“做你应该做的事。”符合语境。故选C。38. 考查上下文理解推理能力。根据这段内容“We need to live on purpose.”可知，我们要有目的的生活。B项意思是“变得更有意向。”符合语境。故选B。39. 考查上下文理解推理能力。根据下句提到我们要有目的的生活，以及上句表示我们要对发生的事情做出反应，D项表示“我们需要阻止事情突发。”符合语境。故选D。40. 考查上下文理解推理能力。本段主旨是制定计划，没有计划就不能有意向性。根据上句表示灵活地调整你的计划，接受改变。E项意思是“制定新计划，然后继续前进。”符合语境。故选E。第三部分 英语知识运用 （共两节，满分 45） 第一节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 I had never had a birthday party before, so at my “ripe old” age. I decided to throw one for myself. About 20 people_41_that they were ing. I dont have a lot of money, but I spent more than_42_in the $1 store to buy decorations and plates. I had a tiny_43_in order to ford all of them.I sat,I_44_,and,although all of my “friends” had said they were ing, no one_45_!The celebration was supposed to_46_at 12 noon. Here it was,4:00 pm,and_47_,no one was here. The ice-cream cake was_48_,the food on the barbecue was burnt beyond_49_.I tried really hard not to cry.I decided to sit back and relax, reflecting on the_50_moments that I did have. All of a sudden, I heard a roar of an engine, just outside my front door. Mr. Kenny, apparently, did_51_he could to show up. I cried in his_52_, sawing, Im not worth anything! He wiped away my tears,_53_me tight, and said the_54_words:I will always be your friend! The dark clouds in my mind cleared away at once.He had had so many challenges and difficulties over his past couple of weeks, but he_55_to e. As we sat outside under a blanket of clear blue skies, laughing and_56_,I felt that I was_57_.He appeared just before I wanted to give up on this_58_world.Yes, life is beautiful. Yes, there are some people who love each other for over 50 years._59_ there are some of us who do not have those luxuries（福气）.However, never give up the_60_maybe it is round the er.41. A. applied B. pretended C. confirmed D. required42. A. last B. usual C. first D. forever43. A. budget B. plan C. destination D. purpose44. A. doubted B. hesitated C. intended D. waited45. A. hanged out B. turned around C. checked in D. showed up46. A. open B. start C. launch D. close47. A. still B. also C. ever D. too48. A. freezing B. melting C. hardening D. breaking49. A. imagination B. control C. recognition D. repair50. A. wonderful B. terrible C. different D. similar51. A. anything B. nothing C. something D. everything52. A. clothes B. aims C. shoulders D. hands53. A. patted B. dragged C. struck D. held54. A. magical B. practical C. familiar D. thoughtful55. A. expected B. managed C. promised D. meant56. A. thinking B. talking C. fighting D. crying57. A. betrayed B. forgotten C. respected D. blessed58. A. risky B. kind C. mean D. bright59. A. though B. while C. when D. because60. A. chance B. dream C. hope D. idea【答案】41. C 42. B 43. A 44. D 45. D 46. B 47. A 48. B 49. C 50. A 51. D 52. B 53. D 54. A 55. B 56. B 57. D 58. C 59. B 60. C【解析】这篇短文介绍作者打算举办生日聚会，但是邀请的朋友们都没有来，在作者绝望的时候来了一位朋友。这次事件后对生活的感悟。生活是美好的，要充满信心和希望，说不定爱就在拐角处。41. 考查动词辨析。句意：大约有20人确认他们要来。apply申请；pretend假装；confirm确定，证实； require需要，要求。根据语境此处表示确定。故选C。42. 考查形容词辨析。句意：我没有很多钱，但是我花了比平时多的钱在一元店买了装饰品和盘子。last最后的；usual通常的；first第一的；forever永远。结合语境可知答案为B。43. 考查名词辨析。句意：为了让他们所有人吃好，我稍微做了一下预算。budget预算；plan计划；destination目的地，目标；purpose目的。根据句意可知选A。44. 考查动词辨析。句意：我坐着，等着，尽管我所有的“朋友”都说他们要来，但没有人出现！根据no one was here及下文“Here it was,4:00 pm”可推知，我一直在等着。doubt怀疑；hesitate犹豫；intend打算；wait等，等候。故选D。45. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我坐着，等着，尽管我所有的“朋友”都说他们要来，但没有人出现！根据“no one was here”可推知没有人出现。hang out闲逛；turn around转身；check in登记，报道； show up露面，出现。故选D。46. 考查动词辨析。句意：庆祝活动原定于中午12点开始。open打开；start开始；launch发动，发射；close关闭，结束。结合句意可知答案为B。47. 考查副词辨析。句意：到下午4点了，这里仍然没有人。still仍然；also也，并且；ever曾经，永远；too也。结合句意可知答案为A。48. 考查动词辨析及上下文推理。句意：冰淇淋蛋糕正在融化。freeze结冰；melt融化；harden硬化；break破坏，打破。根据上文提到从中午等到下午四点，推知冰淇淋蛋糕融化了。故选B。49. 考查名词辨析。句意：烧烤上的食物被烧得面目全非。imagination想像力；control控制；recognition识别，认出；repair修理。beyond recognition面目全非，无法识别。故选C。50. 考查形容词辨析及上下文推理。句意：我决定坐下来放松一下，回想起我曾经拥有的美好时光。wonderful美好的，精彩的；terrible可怕的；different不同的；similar相似的。结合句意可知此处表示自己回忆以前的时光肯定是回忆美好的时光。故选A。51. 考查代词辨析及固定搭配。句意：显然，Mr. Kenny尽了最大努力才出现在这儿。did everything he could to do表示尽他所能去做某事。故选D。52. 考查名词辨析及基本常识。句意：我在他的肩膀上哭了起来，“我什么都不值得！” clothes衣服；aim目的；shoulder肩膀；hands手。根据语境及基本常识应该选B。53. 考查动词辨析。句意：他擦去我的眼泪，紧紧地抱住我，说了一句神奇的话:“我永远是你的朋友！” pat轻拍；drag拖；strike敲击，打；hold握住。根据语境可知此处表示紧紧地抱住我，只有hold合适。故选D。54. 考查形容词辨析及上下文推理。句意：他擦去我的眼泪，紧紧地抱住我，说了一句神奇的话：“我永远是你的朋友！”magical神奇的，有魔力的；practical实际的；familiar熟悉的；thoughtful深思的，体贴的。根据本段最后一句话，“The clouds in my mind cleared away at once.”，Mr. Kenny的话语是有魔力的。故选A。55. 考查语境推理。句意：在过去的几周里，他遇到了很多挑战和困难，但他还是成功了。Mr. Kenny虽然自己有很多困难和挑战，但是他还是“设法来了”，manage to e 符合题意。故选B。56. 考查语境推理。句意：当我们坐在外面的蓝天下，笑