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Unit 6When was it invented?单元教材分析类别课程标准要求掌握的项目单元话题In this unit，students learn to talk about the history of inventions.单元语法Passive voice(past tense)教学目标1.能掌握以下句型：When was the telephone invented?I think it was invented in1876.What are they used for?They are used for seeing at night.2能谈论物品被发明的时间、发明者，表达某发明的用途。3了解一些近现代发明的时间及用途，激发自己热爱发明的情感。培养想象力，善于观察事物。面对难题，用积极的态度去解决，发挥想象力，认识世界，改造世界。学情分析本单元话题是发明，学生们对发明不太熟悉，因此教师在讲前应普及下有关发明的知识。在畅谈发明话题时自觉运用被动语态的过去时态。课时教学设计第一课时Section A (1a2d)1重点单词：heel，scoop，electricity，style，project，pleasure，zipper，daily，website，pioneer，list，mention2重点短语：be used for，think of，have a point3重点句式：When was the telephone invented?I think it was invented in 1876.What are they used for?Can you help me think of an invention?Is it really such a great invention?Think about how often its used in our daily lives.The pioneers of different inventions were listed there.At that time，it wasnt used widely.1重点短语和句型。2一般过去时态的被动语态。难点一般过去时态的被动语态。自主学习：一、预习课本P4142新单词并背诵，完成下面的汉译英。1鞋跟heel2.铲子scoop3电能electricity 4.样式style5项目project 6.高兴pleasure7拉链zipper 8.日常的daily9网站website 10.先锋pioneer11名单list 12.提到mention二、认真预习1a2d，找出下列短语和句型。1被用来be used for2有道理have a point3电话是什么时候发明的？我认为它是1876年发明的。When was the telephone invented?I think it was invented in 1876.4它们是用来干什么的呢？What are they used for?5你能帮我考虑一种发明吗？Can you help me think of an invention?6它真的是如此伟大的一项发明吗？Is it really such a great invention?7考虑一下它在我们的日常生活中使用的多么频繁。Think about how often its used in our daily lives.8不同发明的先锋都被列了出来。The pioneers of different inventions were listed there.9在那时，它还没有被广泛地应用。At that time，it wasnt used widely.课堂导学：Step 1情景导入展示一些近代发明的图片与近代发明的发明者，让学生们将图片与发明者相连。T：Do you know what these inventions are?S1：Its a car.S2：Its a telephone.S3：Its a television.T：Do you know who these inventors are? S1：Karl Benz.S2：Alexander Bell.S3：J.L.Baird.Let Ss match the inventions and the inventors.Step 2完成教材1a1c的任务11a中的四种发明，你认为哪个是最早发明的，依次标出序号，小组内可交流。2认真听录音，将1b中的物品和它们发明的年代匹配。Keys：d1876，a1885，c1927，b19713再听一遍录音，并跟读对话。4两人一组互相利用1b中的物品和发明年代，仿照1c的对话形式编练新的对话，完成后邀请几组学生展示。A：When was the telephone invented？B：I think it was invented in 1876.5小结训练。B(1)The book _ to you by Jim，so you can ask him.Thank you.I will ask him.AgaveBwas givenCwas giving Dhad givenD(2)_ invented the car?Sorry，I dont know.Lets ask the teacher.AWhat BWhenCWhere DWhoB(3)When _ the telephone _？In 1876.Adid；invent Bwas；inventedCwere；invented Ddo；inventedStep 3完成教材2a2c的任务 1.认真观察2a中的图片，然后听录音，根据听到的顺序为图片标号，集体核对答案。Keys：3122再认真听一遍录音，完成2b中的表格，完成后集体核对答案。Keys：changing，in the dark，serving3听第三遍录音，学生跟读。4两人一组利用2b中的信息，仿照2c的形式两人一组编练新的对话，邀请几组学生表演对话。A：What are they used for?B：Theyre used for5小结训练。C(1)The knife _ things.Aused for cutting Bis used for cutCis used to cut Duse to cutC(2)The thing _ by Jim under the bed is a teapot.Ainvented BdiscoveredCfound Dfound outA(3)The teachers _ how to use computer in our class yesterday.Awere taught BtaughtCwas taught DteachStep 4完成教材2d的任务1播放2d的对话录音，让学生跟读，模仿并理解大意。然后让学生分角色朗读并表演2d的对话。2对话内容巩固训练。要求学生根据2d对话的内容完成短文。完成后要求若干学生给出自己的答案。以巩固对对话内容的了解。Last week，Roy saw a website，it says the zipper is one of the greatestsmall inventions that changed the world.It mentionedthat the zipper was inventedby Whitcomb Judson in 1893.But at that time，it wasnt widelyused.Paul thinks he do seems to have a point.The zipper is really such a great invention and its used in our daily lives very often and everywhere.Step 5布置作业完成探究在线高效课堂本课时练习。第二课时Section A (3a3c)1重点单词：nearly，ruler，boil，remain，smell，saint，national，trade，doubt2重点短语：by accident，fall into，some time，take place，without doubt，It is believed that3重点句式：In England，tea didnt appear until around 1660.When was tea brought to other countries?1重点短语和句型。2一般过去时态的被动语态。难点一般过去时态的被动语态。自主学习：一、预习课本P43新单词并背诵，完成下面的汉译英。1意外的accidental2.几乎nearly3统治者ruler 4.煮沸boil5剩余remain 6.气味smell7圣人saint 8.国家的national9交易trade 10.疑惑doubt二、认真预习3a3c，找出下列短语和句型。1偶然by accident2掉入到里fall into3发生take place4毫无疑问without doubt5据说Its said that6在英国，茶叶大约直到1660年才出现。In England，tea didnt appear until around 1660.7茶叶是什么时候传到其他国家的？When was tea brought to other countries?课堂导学：Step 1情景导入 播放视频茶叶的起源，让学生们了解中国的茶文化，及茶叶被发明的渊源，并了解其发展过程。1What is the video about? 2Who is the writer of Cha Jing? Ss try to answer the questions：Keys：1.Its about the tea. 2Lu Yu.Step 2完成教材3a的任务1Tell Ss to read the passage quickly and match each paragraph with its main idea.Para.1Lu Yu and his book Cha JingPara.2How tea spread to other countriesPara.3How tea was invented by accident2.方法指导：先阅读所给的三句话，然后快速阅读短文，抓住每一段的主题句，找到答案。3学生们按老师指导的方法进行阅读，并快速阅读三个段落。 4最后，教师让部分学生回答答案，并核对答案。Para.1How tea was invented by accident Para.2Lu Yu and his book Cha JingPara.3How tea spread to other countriesStep 3完成教材3b的任务1告诉学生们再次阅读短文内容，并回答3b中的所有问题。2学生们先阅读这些问题，理解它们的意思，然后带着相关问题仔细回读短文，并在短文的相关信息处画线。3让学生们回答问题，并核对答案。 It was first drunk about 5, 000 years ago.It was invented by accident.Lu Yu.Its about how tea plants were grown and used to make tea.It is believed tea was brought to Korea and Japan during the 6th and 7th centuries.Tea didnt appear until around 1660 in England. 4让学生读一下自己的答案，并改正答案。Step 4完成教材3c的任务1告诉学生们本学习活动的要求：用所给单词的适当形式填空。2让学生们读3c中的内容，理解每个句子的大体意思。3学生们阅读句子内容，回想短文的内容，选择恰当的单词并用其恰当形式填空。4如果不能直接填上，可以再去阅读短文，在相关的内容处，再仔细进行阅读，找到相关信息，并完成句子。5核对答案。( inventeddrunkproducedbroughttraded )Step 5巩固练习1Fill in the blanks according to the first paragraph.Tea (after water), the most popular drink in the world was invented(invent) by accident.It is believed that tea was drunk(drink) about 5，000 years ago.It is said (say) that a Chinese ruler called(call) Shen Nong was the first to discover(discover) tea as a drink.One day Shen Nong was boiling(boil) drinking water over an open fire.Some leaves from a tea plant fell(fall) into the water and remained there for some time.It produced(produce) a nice smell so he tasted(taste) the brown water.It was quite delicious, and so, one of the worlds favorite drinks was invented (invent)2Fill in the blanks according to the second paragraph.Lu Yu, “the saint of tea”， mentioned(mention) Shen Nong in his book Cha Jing a few thousand years later.The book describes how tea plants were grown(grow) and used to make tea.It also discusses where the finest tea leaves were produced(produce) and what kinds of waterwere used(use)3Fill in the blanks according to the third paragraph.People believed that tea was brought(bring) to Korea and Japan during the 6th and 7th centuries.In England, tea didnt appear(not appear) until around 1660, but in less than 100 years, it had become the national drink.The tea trade from China to Western countries took(take) place in the 19th century.Step 6布置作业完成探究在线高效课堂本课时练习。第三课时Section A (Grammar Focus4c)1重点单词：fridge，low，somebody，translate，lock，earthquake，sudden，bell，biscuit，cookie，musical，instrument2重点短语：at a low price，all of a sudden3重点句式：Who was it invented by?Somebody stole my camera from my hotel room.Our parents advised us not to go out alone.Different writers translated the book into different languages.1重点短语和句型。2一般过去时态的被动语态。难点熟练掌握一般过去时态的被动语态。自主学习：一、预习课本P44新单词并背诵，完成下面的汉译英。1冰箱fridge2.低的low3某人somebody 4.翻译translate5锁住lock 6.地震earthquake7突然(的)sudden 8.铃(声)bell9饼干biscuit 10.曲奇饼cookie11音乐的musical 12.器械instrument二、认真预习3a3c，找出下列短语和句型。1以低廉的价格at a low price2突然all of a sudden3它是被谁发明的？Who was it invented by?4有人从我旅馆房间里偷走了我的相机。Somebody stole my camera from my hotel room.5我们的父母建议我们不要单独外出。Our parents advised us not to go out alone.6不同的作家把这本书翻译成了不同的语言。Different writers translated the book into different languages.课堂导学：Step 1情景导入Teacher：When was the telephone invented?Student 1：It was invented in 1876.Now please practice conversations with your partners like this according to the information that the teacher gives.Step 2完成教材Grammar Focus的任务1尝试完成下列句子拉链是什么时候被发明的？ When was the zipper invented? 它于1893年被发明。 It was invented in 1893.它是由谁发明的？ Who was it invented by? 它是由惠特科姆贾德森发明的。 It was invented by Whitcomb Judson.茶叶是什么时候被带到朝鲜去的？ When was tea brought to Korea? 茶叶在六到七世纪之间被带到朝鲜。 Tea was brought to Korea during the 6th and 7th centuries.热冰激凌勺用来做什么？ What is the hot icecream scoop used for? 它用于挖很冷的冰激凌。 Its used for serving really cold icecream.电话机在1876年被亚历山大格拉汉姆贝尔所发明。 The telephone was invented by Alexander Graham Bell in 1876.亚历山大格拉汉姆贝尔于1876年发明了电话机。 Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone in 1876.2梳通Grammar Focus，回顾语法重点。Step 3完成教材4a的任务1做题方法点拨示例：点拨：原句为一般过去时态，原句的谓语动词为sold，宾语为the fridge；改为被动语态时，应将the fridge作句子主语，谓语动词用was sold的形式。 They sold the fridge at a low price. The fridge was sold at a low price.点拨：分析原句的句子结构可知，stole是谓语动词，my camera是句子的宾语；改为被动语态时，应将my camera作句子主语，谓语动词用was stolen的形式。 Somebody stole my camera from my hotel room. My camera was stolen from my hotel room.学生们自主将其他三个句子变成被动语态。 2最后，教师与同学们一起校对答案，并对学生们有疑问的地方进行解释，或做出合理的分析点拨。Keys：(3)Where were these photos taken? (4)We were advised not to go out alone by our parents.(5)The book was translated into different languages by different writers.Step 4完成教材4b的任务1让学生们阅读方框中的词汇，了解词汇及句子的意思，为进行填词做好准备。eat, like, invite, tell, lock, ring, break, bring2认真阅读每个句子，根据上下文确定空格处应填的单词。3逐句进行分析推敲，然后分析句子的时态及语态，用适当的形式填空。(1)You _ to the party last night, werent you? Why didnt you go? (2)The earthquake happened all of a sudden, but luckily the villagers _ to a safe place.(3)The door _ when we arrived, so we _the bell.(4)The students _not to eat or drink in class, but Ruby _ the rule when she started eating a biscuit in science class.(5)The cookies _by the hungry kids in less than 20 minutes, and they really _ them.4最后，通读一遍所有句子，进行综合理解，看句子的意思是否通顺，合理。5Check the answers with the Ss. Keys：(1)were invited；(2)were brought；(3)was locked, rang (前一句中，门是被锁的，故应用被动语态；后一句中，我们去按门铃，是主动语态)；(4)were told, broke (前一句中，学生们是被告诉不要做这些事情，故应用被动语态；后一句中，Ruby违反规则，则是主动语态); (5)were eaten, liked (前一句中，饼干是被孩子们吃掉了，故应用被动语态；后一句中，孩子们喜欢这些饼干，则是主动语态)。Step 5完成教材4c的任务1先通读小短文，了解大意。The telephone _(invent) by Alexander Graham Bell.He _(born) in 1847.Mr.Bell _(work) on the invention of the telephone with Thomas Watson.In 1875, Mr.Bell _(learn) how to send musical notes through an instrument similar to a telephone.Finally, the telephone _(invent) in 1876.The first sentence that _(say) on the telephone by Mr.Bell was “Mr.Watson, come here; I want to see you.” Today the telephone_(use) around the world.2逐句分析每一句话的意思，确定句子主语和谓语动词之间的主动或被动关系。3结合句子的时态，填上正确的形式。4复读短文，看是否通顺。5核对答案。答案：was invented，was born，worked，learned，was invented，was said，is usedStep 6布置作业完成探究在线高效课堂本课时练习。第四课时Section B (1a1e)1重点单词：crispy，salty，sour，customer2重点短语：by mistake，in the end3重点句式：Potato chips were invented by mistake.George wanted to make the customer happy.1重点单词和句型。2能够熟练运用被动语态。难点能够熟练运用被动语态。自主学习：一、预习课本P45新单词并背诵，完成下面的汉译英。1脆的crispy2.咸的salty3酸的sour 4.顾客customer二、认真预习1a1e，找出下列短语和句型。1错误地by mistake2最后in the end3炸薯条被错误地发明了。Potato chips were invented by mistake.4乔治想让顾客高兴。George wanted to make the customer happy.课堂导学：Step 1情景导入Teacher：Do you like eating potato chips？I am sure most of us like them very much.But do you know who invented them and how they were invented？Today lets learn together to know more about the history of the potato chips.Step 2完成教材1a1e的任务1学生朗读1a中的单词，教师纠正读音错误，然后两人一组互相提问背诵单词。2你知道1a图片中的水果是什么味道吗？用方框中的形容词描述水果的味道，完成后小组内互相交流。3在1b四个表示味道的单词后面填写具有这种味道的食物，完成后小组内互相交流。4听录音，根据对话内容判断句子的正误，集体核对答案，完成1c。(1)Potato chips were invented by mistake.(2)They were invented in 1863.(3)The customer thought the potatoes were not thin enough.(4)The customer said they were not salty enough.(5)George wanted to make the customer happy.(6)The custom was happy in the end. Keys：T, F, T, F, F, T5再听一遍录音，完成1d的填空，完成后学生展示答案，教师点拨。The History of Potato ChipsDo you know how potato chips were invented? Potato chips _by a cook called George Crum.They were invented in _George Crum cut the potatoes really, really _and then cooked them for a long time until they were _Finally he put lots of salt on them so they were _ Keys：were invented, 1853, thin, crispy, really salty6听第三遍录音，学生跟着大声朗读。7两人一组利用1c和1d中的听力信息，仿照1e形式编练对话，并在小组内互相表演对话。A：Did you know potato chips were invented by mistake?B：Wow，I didnt know that.Who invented them?A：8小结训练。B(1)John took my book _ mistake.Ato Bby Cabout DonC(2)Though my grandmother is old，she is funny enough to make _.Aus to laugh Bour laughCus laugh Dours laughC(3)This fish is cooked by a cook _ Jack.Acall BcallsCcalled DcallingC(4)He puts too much salt into the dish，so it is very _.Asweet BcrispyCsalty DsourStep 3布置作业完成探究在线高效课堂本课时练习。第五课时Section B (2a2e)1重点单词：Canadian，divide，basket，popularity，professional，hero2重点短语：in history，dream of，look up to，divideinto，not onlybut also3重点句式：He was asked to think of a game that could be played in the winter.Dr. Naismith created a game to be played inside on a hard floor.They need to stop the competing team from getting the ball into their own basket.The popularity of basketball has risen around the world，with many young people dreaming of becoming famous players.Basketball has not only become a popular sport to play，but it has also become a popular sport to watch.The number of foreign players，including Chinese players，in the NBA has increased.These stars encourage young people to work hard to achieve their dreams.1重点短语和句型。2通过脑中构图的方法来加强理解和记忆。难点1重点短语和句型。2通过脑中构图的方法来加强理解和记忆。自主学习：一、预习课本P4647新单词并背诵，完成下面的汉译英。1加拿大的Canadian 2.分开divide3筐basket 4.受欢迎popularity5英雄hero 6.职业的professional二、认真预习2a2e，找出下列短语和句型。1把分开divideinto2梦想dream of3不但而且not onlybut also4仰慕look up to5他被要求考虑一种能够在冬天玩的运动。He was asked to think of a game that could be played in the winter.6Naismith博士发明了一种可以在室内坚硬地板上玩的运动。Dr.Naismith created a game to be played inside on a hard floor.7他们需要阻止竞争队伍把球投入到他们自己的篮筐中。They need to stop the competing team from getting the ball into their own basket.8篮球不仅成为玩的运动也变成了可以观赏的运动。Basketball has not only become a popular sport to play，but it has also become a popular sport to watch.9NBA中外籍运动员的数量包括中国运动员的数量已经增加了。The number of foreign players，including Chinese players，in the NBA has increased.10这些明星激励年轻人努力学习实现他们的梦想。These stars encourage young people to work hard to achieve their dreams.课堂导学：Step 1情景导入Show some pictures of playing basketball.Ask Ss some questions about basketball games.Discuss the sport with your partner and share your ideas with the class.eg.T：Do you like basketball? (Whats your favorite sport？)S1：Sure.I like it very much.T：Do you watch basketball games?S2：Yes.I like to watch the NBA and CBA.T：Do you know the history of basketball game? Step 2完成教材2b2c的任务1快速阅读短文，说出每个段落的大意。完成后请学生说出自己的观点，教师点拨。Keys：Para.1.The main history of basketballPara.2.How the basketball was invented by JamesPara.3.The popularity of basketball around the world2认真阅读短文，根据短文内容完成2c的简图，然后再添加跟此有关的内容，完成后集体核对答案。 Development：invented by James Naismithfirst game on December 21，1891became Olympic event in Berlin in the year 1936most famous games：Americas NBA gamespopular games in China：CBA games Game：played inside on a hard floortwo teams getball into other teams basket Popularity：played by more than 100 million peopleover 200 countries 3再次细心阅读短文，理解每一句话的意思，小组合作解决遇到的疑难问题。4教师点拨短文中出现的重点和难点。5熟读短文，识记并背诵知识要点。6小结训练。D(1)What do you think of this new movie?Sorry，I havent seen it.But _ is believed that the actors are all very famous.AthatBthisCwhichDitA(2)The number of students in my class _ 60 and a number of them _boys.Ais；are Bare；isCare；are Dis；isC(3)Basketball _ in 1861 by James Naismith.Ainvented Bis inventedCwas invented Dis inventingC(4)Not only my parents but also my grandmother _ me _.Aencourage；to hold on to my dreamBencourage；hold on to my dreamCencourages；to hold on to my dreamDencourages；hold on to my dreamC(5)We all _ these national heroes，and we all take pride in them.Alook up Blook forward toClook up to Dlook afterD(6)I dream of _ to the moon one day.Afly Bto flyCflies DflyingStep 3完成教材 2d2e的任务 1.根据2c中的简图信息和2d中的问题提示，两人一组互相说出篮球运动的发展史，然后邀请学生回答。2你认为成为一名著名的篮球运动员会怎么样呢？列出成为著名篮球运动员的好处和坏处。Step 4布置作业完成探究在线高效课堂本课时练习。第六课时Section B (3aSelf Check)复习前面几个课时学过的重点单词、短语和句型。一般过去时态的被动语态。难点灵活运用一般过去时态的被动语态。自主学习：复习学过的重点单词、短语和句型。课堂导学：Step 1情景导入Teacher：Do you have something that you do not like to do？If you do，why not think of an invention that could help you？Now please talk to your partners about your problems and the inventions. Step 2完成教材3a3b的任务1你有不喜欢的东西吗？你能想出一个发明来帮助你吗？和你的搭档交流，然后把3a表格填写完整。Problem：quickly_taking_notes_in_classNew invention: a_special_penWhat it is used for：taking_notes_quickly_in_class2假设你现在是一名商人，根据3b方框中所给的句型、短语提示，写出一篇描述你的新发明的文章介绍这种新产品，并设法卖给你的同学们。学生完成后评出优秀的作文在班上展示。常用句型：I think is a very useful invention.我认为是一项很有用的发明。was invented by是由(某人)发明的。was invented in 是在(某时间)发明的。It was used of 它被用来is made of 是由(材料)制成的。We often get hurt by the hot water in the cup.So we invented a special cup.This special cup was invented by Ma Peng.It is made of metal and there is a special machine in it. If you want to drink water，you can turn on the button，the machine will work，and the cup can tell you the temperature of the water so that you will not get hurt when you drink water.If you dont drink water，you can turn off the button again.This kind of cup have different shapes and colors，you can choose freely.Step 3完成教材Self Check的任务 1.两人一组互相提问Self Check 1的单词，然后用这些单词的正确形式完成填空。Keys：inventnearlyall of a suddendoubtwebsitesmention2把Self Check 2中的主动语态的句子改写成被动语态的句子，完成后小组内互相交流所写答案。Keys：(1)My watch was stolen by someone.(2)Five eggs were used to make this big cake.(3)When was the personal computer invented?(4)We were told not to run in the hallway.(5)The video was taken back to the store.3找出你更想了解的一项发明，根据提示在横线上填写相关内容。4练习。(1)During the afternoon, there was a sudden(suddenly) heavy fall of snow.(2)I think the telephone was invented(invent) before the car.(3)The Canadian(Canada) song Alouette(百灵鸟) is a fun song about a bird.(4)They were invited(invite) to take part in the May Day celebrations in Beijing. (5)The popularity(popular) of private cars is changing the peoples life style.(6)When the bill was brought(bring) to him, he was so surprised.(7)They gave their lives for their country and were honored asheroes(hero)(8)We were divided(divide) into eight groups by our teacher last week.Step 4布置作业完成探究在线高效课堂本课时练习。
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