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专题十七 完形填空第2讲No One Words But My Own 教学目标1. 掌握本篇完形填空中出现的高频词及长难句。2. 掌握完形填空的解题技巧，并能够指出本篇完形填空中运用到的解题技巧。3. 通过完形填空高频词、长难句等语料的积累，及完形填空解题技巧的练习，灵活应对各种完形填空题。名师点拨知识篇“巧妇难为无米之炊”，在英语学习的过程中，语料的积累至关重要。对于完形填空高频词和长难句的梳理，能够为我们今后的学习和提升打下良好的基础。亲爱的同学，老师已经为你梳理出了本篇文章中的一些高频词和长难句，快来看看你掌握了吗？一、高频词【课前检测学生的词汇量储备, 以教师提问的形式进行。具体使用中可以删去词义词性部分，给小例句提示。并标记出学生的实际掌握情况（优良差）】单词词性及词义示例备注掌握情况interviewv./n. 1) 面试2)采访a job interviewinterviewing my friends相关词：interviewer; interviewee等coverv. 1) 覆盖2)设计3)报道Snow covered the ground.covering middle school eventseventn.1)事件 2)比赛项目talentn. 天赋；天才a talented poet相关词：talentedgiftn. 1)礼物2)天赋He had a gift for language.相关词：giftedrewritev. 重写前缀re- 表示“再；又”e.g. rebuild; recycle; reconnect等piecen.1)一块;一首2)(新闻的)文章a piece of musica piece about the Internetpapern. 1)纸2)报纸3)试卷I read about it in the paper.the geography paperexpectv. 1)预料 2)期望I expect you to write相关词：expectationpainfuladj.痛苦的;艰难的a painful experience后缀-ful表示“充满的” “有倾向的”e.g. thankful; helpful; hopeful; forgetful等successfuladj. 成功的相关词：success; succeed; successfullyexpressv. 表达adj. 快递的EMS= Express Mail Service相关词：expressionexperiencen. 经历；经验v. 经历；体验I didnt have my fathers ability and experience as a writer.improvev.提高；改善I need to improve my English.相关词：improvementallowv. 允许because I allowed him to do it.realizev. 意识到；实现sharev. 1)共有 2)分享n. 份额;一份Eli shared his chocolate with the other kids.confidentadj.自信的相关词：confidencedisappointmentn. 失望；遗憾相关词：disappoint; disappointed等reachv. 1)抵达 2)达到3)伸手 4)够得着n. 影响范围reach a conclusionI cant reach that far.beyond the reach ofraisev. 1) 举起2)提高3)筹集 4)提出5)抚养；饲养；种植raise your hand; raise the priceraise money; raise many questions相关词：risebrightAdj. 1) 明亮的 2) 艳丽的(颜色) 3)聪明的 4)有希望的;光明的The brightest pupil in the class has a bright future.be full of充满相关词：be filled withturn in上交相关词：hand ininstead of代替；而不是I turned in his version instead of mine.as a result结果是as a result, he rewrote the whole piece相关词：as a result oftake ones place取代某人another student took my place相关词：take the place of sb.; take placedepend on依靠；取决于It taught me to depend on myself二、长难句【课前检测学生的句型储备, 以教师提问的形式进行。可以根据提示分析句子结构完成句子翻译。】1. It was so much better than my piece that I turned in his version instead of mine.结构分析：_本句含有“sothat”结构，表示“如此以至于”句子翻译：_这篇文章比我的文章好很多因此我上交了他的版本而不是我自己的。仿句练习：他太聪明了以致他可以理解我讲了什么。_ He was so clever that he can understand what I said.2. Based on that excellent article you wrote about summer, I expect you to write a personal opinion article every week for the second page of the paper.结构分析：_本句含有“based” 过去分词做状语的结构，和“you wrote about summer”省略引导词that的定语从句。句子翻译：_根据你写的关于夏天的优秀文章，我希望你每星期为校报的第二版写一篇个人观点文章。仿句练习：根据他们的调查研究，专家建议农民种植多种农作物。_Basedontheir research, the experts suggest that farmers plant a variety of crops.3. Looking back, I realized that the pain and shame of that school experience had a _40_ side.结构分析：_本句含有“Looking back”现在分词做状语的结构，和that引导的宾语从句。句子翻译：_回首过去，我意识到学校经历的痛苦和耻辱有的一面。仿句练习：回顾过去，他心中充满了幸福和骄傲。_Lookingback,heishappyandproud.回头一想，我发现这一切竟是如此简单。_Lookingback,Ifindhoweasilyitwas.4. So every day, I try to use my own words, find my own style and be my own best self.结构分析：_本句是含有三个并列谓语(try; find; be)的简单句。句子翻译：_因此每一天，我试着用我自己的话，找到自己的风格，做最好的自己。方法篇“方法得当, 事半功倍。”只有语料的积累，没有好方法的辅助也是不够的。对于完形填空解题方法的梳理，能够帮助我们更好地理解完形填空的命题逻辑，在有足够语料积累的基础上，能够帮助我们争取高分。亲爱的同学，老师已经为你精心整理了完形填空的解题技巧，快来看看你掌握了多少？一、完形填空解题步骤第一步通读全文，把握脉络跳过空格，速读全文，把握大意。注意文中的语篇关键词，和句中的连词，如but出现后就说明句子强调的重点是but后面的内容；再如代词it指代的定是前文的单数或者不可数名词。找到关键词可以帮助我们掌握文章的大概意思及其想要传达的寓意。第二步瞻前顾后，上下求索联系上下文，运用解题策略从句子、段落、语篇层面解题，抓住文章中的上下文线索词。【具体的解题策略会在下一部分详细描述】第三步再读文章，核查答案代入答案，再读全文，反复检查，争取做到：结构正确+语义通顺+逻辑合理。二、完形填空解题策略方法方法一：词汇复现法解释“词汇复现”是指某一词汇以原词、词形变化(如protect和protection)、同义词/近义词(如road和trail)、反义词(如wrong和 correct)、上下义词(上下义是指词的总结和分解关系，上义词是总称词，下义词是被包含的个体或种类。如adult是my father的上义词；coat是clothes的下义词)等重复出现在语篇之中。例题例1：He is very kind and friendly to others. Because of his _, he is quite popular with the people around him. A. ability B. honesty C. relationship D. kindness【分析：通过上文“He is very kind and friendly to others”，由“kind”可知因为他的“善良友好”他很受欢迎。故选D。】例2：The old man tends to forget things from time to time. In other words, he is more and more _. A. forgetful B. unforgettable C. easy-going D. hard-working【分析：通过上文“The old man tends to forget things from time to time”，由“forget”可知他越来越“健忘”。故选A。（forgetful“健忘的”，unforgettable“难忘的”。）】方法方法二：上下文推理法解释“上下文推理法”是指根据对上下文的语义和整个语篇的理解，进行适当的推理判断，因此需重点注意挖空处的上下文语境，判断清楚所要表达的含义。例题例：When we talked, I discovered（发现）some differences in school life between the US and China. For example, each class lasts fifty minutes in the US. It is a little _17_ than that in China. We usually have forty minutes in each class.17. A. shorter B. longer C. earlier D. later【分析：通过上文“each class lasts fifty minutes in the US”和下文“We usually have forty minutes in each class.”可知美国每节课是50分钟，中国每节课是40分钟，根据上下文可以推断出美国的课时比中国的长，故选B。】方法方法三：逻辑推理法解释“逻辑推理法”是根据文章的逻辑关系（如因果、并列、让步、转折、时间顺序、目的、条件、选择等）进行适当的推理判断，因此需特别注意挖空处表示逻辑关系的连词（如and表并列，but和however表转折，so表因果，first of all、then和finally表顺序等）。例题例1：My youngest cousin likes Chinese Beijing Opera very much, but he cant sing 6 .6. A. badlyB. easilyC. wellD. excitedly【分析：通过上文“My youngest cousin likes Chinese Beijing Opera”和连词“but”，可以推断出前后存在转折关系，此处想要表达的含义是“喜欢但唱得不好”，故选C。】方法方法四：文化背景常识法解释“文化背景常识法”是指完形填空的文章内容往往与我们的文化生活、史地知识、生活科技等相关，有些内容是我们已经掌握的生活常识，答题时要充分调动相关知识帮助我们分析、推断。事实上，该技巧与“逻辑推断”常常交织在一起的，因为虽有背景常识，仍需简单推理。需注意中外文化的差异性，不能总是用中国人看问题的角度来看待其它国家发生的事情。例题例：There are many kinds of animals in the world. Elephants are the 1 animals that live on land. Only some kinds of whales (鲸鱼) are bigger than elephants, but they live in the 2 . 1. A. biggest B. smallest C. smaller D. bigger2. A. river B. lake C. sea D. forest【分析：第1题，众所周知：大象是陆地上最大的动物，故选A. biggest。第2题，众所周知：鲸鱼生活在大海里，故选C. sea。】方法方法五：固定搭配法解释完形填空以语境考查为主，但也有小部分题目考查语法知识、固定搭配和固定句型，解题过程中我们需要结合所学固定搭配选出正确答案。例题例1：When two people are in a conversation, the speaker will only look at the listener from time to time, in order to make sure that the listener does pay attention 13 what he or she is speaking 13. A. for B. of C. with D. to【分析：考查固定短语“pay attention to注意”，故选D。】例2：but we were relaxed when we were lying on the beach. We 10 some photos there. 10. A. got B. brought C. bought D. took【分析：考查固定短语“take photos拍照”，故选D。】语篇精讲障碍阅读【遵循完形填空“先完意，后完形”的原则，指导学生在障碍阅读的前提下领悟文章的主要意思，防止学生理解跑偏】（东城一模）No One Words But My OwnThe classroom was full of those of us who wanted to work on the school newspaper. I didnt write a lot but working on the paper sounded like fun. I _31_the idea of being a reporter, interviewing my friends, and covering middle school events.To be chosen, we had to turn in an example of our _32_. I wrote an article about the joys of summer, and showed it to my father, a talented poet. He read it and frowned (皱眉).“Its okay.” my father said, taking out a pencil “But how about changing this sentence to .” And as a result, he rewrote the whole piecewithout me, for I never said anything to _33_ him.No surprisehis version(版本)was _34_ . He had a gift for language. It was so much better than my piece that I turned in his version instead of mine.“Welcome to the Dundee School News,” my teacher said to me. But before I could be _35_ about the news, he added, “ Based on that excellent article you wrote about summer, I expect you to write a personal opinion article every week for the second page of the paper.I was so surprised! I was unable to write at that level, but I couldnt tell the_36_ to the teacher, and I couldnt ask my father for help, either.That term working on the paper was really painful. And my teacher clearly expressed his _37_.“Cant you write something more like the first piece you wrote?” he said, each time I turned in my article.I couldnt, because at that age, I didnt have my fathers ability and experience as a writer. Week after week, I tried hard, but my writing never _38_ the level of the first article.At last, to my total shame, another student took my place. I _39_ that my father rewrote my first article himself, instead of simply trying to help me to improve it. But in my heart I knew it was my fault (错误)because I allowed him to do it.Later, I did become a successful writer on my own. Looking back, I realized that the pain and shame of that school experience had a _40_ side. It taught me to depend on myself and be myself. So every day, I try to use my own words, find my own style and be my own best self. It feels great.文章大意为 _（只给出关键词即可）参考答案：When he was at school, the writer wanted to work on the school newspaper. He needed to turn in an article but he turned the version written by his father. Though he got the chance, his real writing level made the teacher disappointed. At last another student took his place. The writer realized that he needed to depend on himself to be successful.参考关键词：writing; my father; rewrite; on my own【注：程度比较好的学生可以进行无选项填空训练】语篇练习话题体裁词数建议用时实际用时正确率难度人物故事类记叙文41812-15分钟_/10（东城一模）No One Words But My OwnThe classroom was full of those of us who wanted to work on the school newspaper. I didnt write a lot but working on the paper sounded like fun. I _31_the idea of being a reporter, interviewing my friends, and covering middle school events.To be chosen, we had to turn in an example of our _32_. I wrote an article about the joys of summer, and showed it to my father, a talented poet. He read it and frowned (皱眉).“Its okay.” my father said, taking out a pencil “But how about changing this sentence to .” And as a result, he rewrote the whole piecewithout me, for I never said anything to _33_ him.No surprisehis version(版本)was _34_ . He had a gift for language. It was so much better than my piece that I turned in his version instead of mine.“Welcome to the Dundee School News,” my teacher said to me. But before I could be _35_ about the news, he added, “ Based on that excellent article you wrote about summer, I expect you to write a personal opinion article every week for the second page of the paper.I was so surprised! I was unable to write at that level, but I couldnt tell the_36_ to the teacher, and I couldnt ask my father for help, either.That term working on the paper was really painful. And my teacher clearly expressed his _37_.“Cant you write something more like the first piece you wrote?” he said, each time I turned in my article.I couldnt, because at that age, I didnt have my fathers ability and experience as a writer. Week after week, I tried hard, but my writing never _38_ the level of the first article.At last, to my total shame, another student took my place. I _39_ that my father rewrote my first article himself, instead of simply trying to help me to improve it. But in my heart I knew it was my fault (错误)because I allowed him to do it.Later, I did become a successful writer on my own. Looking back, I realized that the pain and shame of that school experience had a _40_ side. It taught me to depend on myself and be myself. So every day, I try to use my own words, find my own style and be my own best self. It feels great.31. A. gave B. shared C. liked D. welcomed32.A. report B. writing C. homework D. newspaper33.A. help B. stop C. allow D. praise34.A. different B. common C. popular D. wonderful35.A. excited B. worried C. nervous D. confident36.A. truth B. excuse C feeling D. answer37.A. honesty B. patience C. hope D. disappointment38.A. set B. reached C raised D. changed39.A. agreed B. realized C. remembered D. complained 40.A. magic B. serious C. bright D. strange 语篇精讲：参考答案：31-35 CBBDA 36-40 ADBDC文章大意：本篇文章讲述了作者在校时想进入学校新闻部当记者，作者交上去的却是他爸爸写的文章，虽然他通过了选拔，却在工作中暴露出真实水平，最后他被别人替代的故事。通过这件事作者明白：想要成功必须靠自己。答案解析：31. 通过上文“working on the paper sounded like fun”可推断出作者喜欢成为一名记者，故选C。32. 通过下文“I wrote an article about the joys of summer”可知要上交一篇自己的写作材料，故选B。33. 通过下文“I turned in his version instead of mine”可知作者交的是爸爸帮他写的文章，因此可以推断出他并没有阻止爸爸，故选B。34. 通过下文“He had a gift for language.”可知爸爸的写作水平高，可以推断出爸爸的版本是非常精彩的，故选D。35. 通过下文“he added, “ Based on that excellent article you wrote about summer,”和“I was unable to write at that level”可知此处表示他还来不及激动，故选A。36. 通过上文“I was unable to write at that level, but I couldnt tell the”可知他不能写得那么好但是他又不能告诉老师真相，故选A。37. 通过下文“Cant you write something more like the first piece you wrote?”可推断出老师表达的是他的失望之情，故选D。38. 结合全文语境可知，第一篇文章是爸爸写的，当时的作者无论如何努力都达不到爸爸的写作水平，故选B.。39. 通过上文“another student took my place”作者被人替代和下文“my father rewrote my first article himself, instead of simply trying to help me to improve it”，可推断出当时的作者对让爸爸帮他写文章是存在抱怨的，故选D。40. 通过下文“It taught me to depend on myself and be myself.”可推断那次经验也有好的一面，即光明的一面，故选C. bright。精讲笔记【学生在教师的指导下，回顾本讲中积累的完形填空的知识和方法】语篇中积累的词汇【至少掌握10个】单词词性及词义单词的运用（鼓励学生用所学词汇造句）realize语篇中的学到的方法【根据具体教学情况归纳总结】【至少掌握2个】方法一：词汇复现法如：本篇文章中的32. (writing) 方法二：上下文推理法方法三：逻辑推理法方法四：文化背景常识法方法五：固定搭配法能力提升基础过关一、词汇/短语翻译单词词性、词义备注1_v. 1)共有 2)分享2_n./v.报道；报告3_v.允许4_v.夸赞5_n. 常见的；共有的；普通的翻译：common people6_adj.自信的7truth_8honesty_9patience_10disappointment_11set_12reachv. 1)抵达 2)_ 3)伸手 4)_n. _翻译：reach Beijingreach a conclusionI cant reach that far.beyond the reach of13raise翻译：raise your hand; raise the priceraise money; raise many questions14_v.意识到；实现15complain_16brightadj. 1) 明亮的 2) 艳丽的(颜色) 3)_ 4)_翻译：The brightest pupil in the class has a bright future.17_v./n. 1) 面试2)采访18coverv. 1) 覆盖2)设计3)_n._翻译：covering middle school eventsthe cover of the book19_n. 天赋；天才20giftn. 1)礼物 2) _21rewrite_前缀re- 表示“_”e.g. rebuild: _22piecen.1)一块;一首2) _翻译：a piece about the Internet23papern. 1)纸 2) _3)试卷24_v. 1)预料 2)期望25painful_后缀-ful表示“_” e.g. hopeful_ ;forgetful_;等26_adj. 成功的27_v. 表达adj. 快递的28_n./v. 经历；经验29_v.提高；改善30depend on_翻译：It taught me to depend on myself二、句子翻译1. 这篇文章比我的文章好很多因此我上交了他的版本而不是我自己的。_2. 根据你写的关于夏天的优秀文章，我希望你每星期为校报的第二版写一篇个人观点文章。_3. 最后令我很羞愧的是另外一名同学替代了我的位置。_4. 回首过去，我意识到学校经历的痛苦和耻辱有光明的一面。_5. 因此每一天，我试着用我自己的话，找到自己的风格，做最好的自己。_完形练习（东城一模）An Imperfect PaintingMy parents always wanted me to be “on top”, so from early on I had the 31 to be the best in everything, from getting the highest score on a spelling test to running fastest in a race. In middle school, I realized how many other smarter and faster people there were. It became 32 that I was not the best any more, but my parents still held on to their hope and forced me to try hard. To their disappointment, I became less confident and didnt want to work hard because, to me, there was no point in making any more 33 if I was unable to be number one. My grades began to fall; I never practiced the piano; I 34 painting. It was all because my motivation(动力) to do anything had dropped much. When high school started, I was at a new school in a new city. I 35 to get back my motivation and start over. So I picked up my ever favorite hobby again and enrolled(报名) myself in the art course. 36 , our art teacher, Mr. Grady, gave us more freedom with our art projects. He would always encourage us to realize our potential(潜力). My first painting was simply a bee sitting on a sunflower. I made every effort, but still found it hard to feel satisfied with it. I knew it was not 37 and could hardly get a good grade. But I showed it to Mr. Grady. He didnt 38 it in a rush. Instead, he gave me advice which only motivated me to work harder on it. For the first time I was happy with the 39 of my painting rather than disappointed about its imperfection. I finished all the other projects with higher grades, but I hung the first painting in my room at the end of the term. My parents thought 40 me to be number one would motivate me. Instead, it discouraged me much when I was not number one, for I had gone to school only to get a grade, not knowledge, let alone progress. Actually, it is okay not to be the best at everything as long as you continue to try your best. 31. A. ability B. chanceC. goalD. way32. A. strange B. obviousC. acceptableD. impossible33. A. efforts B. choicesC. promisesD. wishes34. A. regretted B. consideredC. continuedD. stopped35. A. failed B. refusedC. decidedD. waited36. A. Naturally B. SimilarlyC. NormallyD. Luckily 37. A. famous B. modernC. perfectD. special38. A. name B. gradeC. hangD. finish39. A. progress B. meaning C. styleD. title40. A. instructing B. helpingC. encouragingD. pushing参考答案基础过关一、词汇/短语翻译单词词义、词性备注1sharev. 1)共有 2)分享2reportn./v.报道；报告3allowv.允许4praisev.夸赞5commonn. 常见的；共有的；普通的翻译：common people普通人6confidentadj.自信的7truthn. 真相8honestyn. 诚实9patiencen. 耐心10disappointmentn. 失望；遗憾11setv.放置；摆放餐具12reachv. 1)抵达2)达到3)伸手4)够得着n. 影响范围翻译：reach Beijing 抵达北京reach a conclusion 得出结论I cant reach that far. 我够不到那么远。beyond the reach of 在影响范围之外13raise翻译：raise your hand; 举起手raise the price 提高物价raise money; 筹钱raise many questions 提出很多问题14realizev.意识到；实现15complainv. 抱怨16brightadj. 1) 明亮的 2) 艳丽的(颜色) 3)聪明的 4)光明的翻译：The brightest pupil
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