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Revision module A词句精讲精练【词汇精讲】1.succeedsucceed表示“成功”，是不及物动词；表示做某事做成功了，其后通常接in doing sth.。例如：His plan succeeded. 他的计划成功了。At last he succeeded in solving the problem. 他终于把那个问题解决了。She succeeded in (passing) the exam. 她考试及格了。【拓展】（1）success表示抽象意义的“成功”，是不可数名词；表示具体意义的“成功的人或事”, 则是可数名词。例如：Failure is the mother of success. 失败是成功之母。His new book was a great success. 他新出版的书获得了巨大成功。（2）successful作形容词，意为“成功的”。例如：The performance was successful. 演出很成功。It was a successful experiment. 那是一次成功的试验。2. worry（1）worry可用作不及物动词或及物动词。作及物动词时，意为“使烦恼，使担忧”。作不及物动词时，意为“发愁，担心，烦恼”，常与介词about连用。例如： Whats worrying you? 什么事使你烦恼？ Dont worry about me. 不要为我担心。（2）worry也可用作名词。既可作可数名词，也可作不可数名词。例如： Her face showed signs of worry. 她脸上显出担忧的神情。 I have a lot of worries. 我有很多担心。（3）worry的过去分词worried相当于形容词，意为“担心的，烦恼的”，常与be/look/feel等系动词连用。be worried about意为“为担心”。例如： She is worried about her sick mother. 她担心她生病的母亲。3. look forward to look forward to 意思是“期待，盼望”，to是介词，后面接名词或者动名词。例如： I look forward to being alone in the house.我盼望能自己一人在这所房子。We look forward to the return of spring.我们期待着春天的到来。【拓展】虽然介词to与动词不定式符号to在形式上相同，但用法各异。主要区别归纳如下：（1）介词to表示“向、往、对于”等，既可以指时间、方向、距离、对象或结果，又可以指程度、直接或间接关系，后面必须接名词、代词等构成介词短语。例如：Japan is to the east of China. 日本在中国的东面。Lets drink to his health. 让我们为他的健康干杯。He tied the monkey to the tree. 他把猴子拴在树上。（2）动词不定式符号to无词义，后面必须接动词原形，构成不定式短语。To play computer games is wrong. 玩电脑游戏是错误的。My job is to teach English. 我的工作是教英语。 I wish to go there. 我希望去那儿。4. wearwear意为“穿，戴”，其后接衣服、鞋帽、眼镜等名词。例如：She likes wearing a skirt. 她喜欢穿裙子。【拓展】辨析：put on，wear与in put on, wear与in都有“穿，戴”之意。（1）wear指穿的状态，意为“穿着，戴着”。例如：She is wearing a red skirt. 她穿着红裙子。（2）put on指穿的动作，意为“穿上，戴上”。例如：He is putting on his shoes. 他在穿鞋。（3）in指穿的状态，意为“穿着，戴着”。但它不能作谓语，后常跟表示颜色的词。例如：She is in red today. 她今天穿的红衣服。5. hope hope作动词，意为“想，希望”，主要用法如下：（1）hope后面可直接跟动词不定式，即hope to do sth. 表示“希望做某事”。例如： I hope to see Niagara Falls some day. 我希望有一天能看看尼加拉瓜瀑布。（2）表达“希望某人做某事”时，不能用hope sb. to do sth.，只能在hope后接宾语从句，即“hope + (that)从句”，表示可能实现的愿望。例如：I hope (that) you will have a good time. 我希望你玩的愉快。（3）hope后不能直接接名词作宾语，若要接名词，需先接 for，即hope for sth.，表示可实现的希望。例如：After these dry days, everyone hopes for rain.干燥的天气之后，人人都希望下雨。【拓展】wish的用法： wish作动词，也表示“想，希望”，但用法是有区别的。（1）wish sb. sth. 表示“祝愿”。例如： Wish you success! 祝你成功。（2）wish sb. to do sth. 表示“希望（某人）做某事”。例如：I wish you to win the game. 我希望你能赢得这场比赛。（3）“wish + (that)从句”，表示不可能实现或实现的可能性较小的愿望。例如：I wish I could fly like a bird. 我希望我能像鸟儿一样飞。6. take placetake place 表示“发生、举行、举办”，一般指非偶然性事件的“发生”，即这种事件的发生一定有某种原因或事先的安排。例如： When will the wedding take place? 婚礼什么时候举行？Great changes have taken place in our hometown during the past ten years. 在过去的十年，我们的家乡发生了巨大的变化。【拓展】happen和take place的辨析：（1）happen指具体客观事物的发生，常有偶然性，未能预见性，即“偶然发生”。例如： What happened to him? 他出了什么事？（2）take place常用于历史事件或会议的发生，以及化学、物理变化，有事先预料或计划的意思，即“计划发生”。例如： The party took place yesterday evening. 昨晚举办了晚会。【注意】happen和take place均为不及物动词，无被动语态。7. enough（1）enough是形容词，意为“充足的，充分的，足够的”，可作表语或定语，作定语时，可放在名词的前面或后面。例如： The food is enough for the trip. 用于这次旅行的食物足够了。 I have enough time to watch TV. 我有足够的时间看电视。 （2）enough还可作副词，意为“足够地”，这时enough需放在所修饰的形容词或副词后面。例如： The young man is strong enough to carry the heavy bag. 那个年轻人足够强壮能搬动重包。【拓展】（1）enoughto do sth.“有足够的做某事”。例如： I dont have enough time to eat lunch. 我没有足够的时间吃午饭。（2）enough to do可以同tooto或sothat结构互相转换。例如： He isnt old enough to go to school. = He is too young to go to school. = He is so young that he cant go to school. 他太小而不能上学。8. used to used to do sth.是一个固定结构，意思是“过去经常做某事”，后面用动词原形，表示过去的某种经常性、习惯性的行为或者动作，并意味着这种动作目前已经不存在。例如：肯定句：I used to play with my friends after school. 过去放学后我常常和朋友们一起玩。否定句：You didnt use to like pop songs. = You usednt to like pop songs. 你过去不喜欢流行歌曲。一般疑问句：Did your sister use to be quiet? = Used your sister to be quiet?你的妹妹过去是很安静吗？there be句式：There used to be a lot of fishes in this river. 过去这条小河常常有许多鱼。【拓展】（1）be used to do something意思是“被用来做某事”，是动词短语useto do的被动语态结构。例如：Knives are used to cut things. 小刀是用来切东西的。（2）be used to doing something意思是“习惯于做某事”，to后接动词-ing形式。例如：My father is used to living in the village. 我爸爸习惯于住在小山村。9. lonelylonely表示“寂寞的，孤寂的”，带有较强感情色彩，可用作表语或定语；表示“荒凉的，偏僻的”，用来说明地方，多用作定语。例如：When his wife died, he was very lonely. 太太死后他非常孤独。The old man lived in the lonely mountain village. 那个老人住在荒凉的山村。 【拓展】lonely与alone的辨析： lonely作形容词，意为“（人）孤单的，寂寞的”，它更强调一种主观的感觉；alone作形容词和副词，意为“独自的（地），单独的（地）”，它更强调一种客观情况。alone作形容词，在句中只用作表语。例如： Dont leave me alone. I will feel lonely. 别留下我一个人，我会觉得孤单的。10. afford afford常用作及物动词，意为“买（经受）得起；给予，提供”，其后常接名词、代词或动词不定式作宾语，afford后还可接双宾语。例如：This kind of computer is too expensive and I cant afford it这种电脑太贵了，我买不起。At last I can afford a watch我终于买得起一只手表了。 I could not afford so much money for a bicycle我出不起那么多钱买一辆自行车。 Ill afford you a chance我将给你提供一个机会。11. go offgo off 意为“发出响声”。例如：My alarm clock didnt go off. 我的闹钟没有响。 The alarm went off. 警铃骤然响起。【拓展】 （1）go off 还有“离开，出发”等意。例如：Dont go off the main road, or youll be lost. 不要离开大路，否则会迷路的。（2）go off 还表示“变质”。例如：The milk has gone off. 牛奶变坏了。【词汇精练】I. 根据所给首字母或汉语提示完成句子。1. He almost s_ to deathSo he ate a whole table of dishes.2. Why is Jack a_ from work today? Is he ill?3. He could feel the h_ of the sun on his back.4.W is not so important as health. You will be rich as long as you are healthy.5. What do you usually do in your s time?6. Boys and girls! Work harder and youll s at last. 7.Whats your （角色）in the paly?8. The baby was woken up by a （突然的）noise. 9. Parents are paying more and more attention to the （教育）of their children.10.Well fly （直接地）to Hong Kong .11. Alice u_ to be quiet, but now she is very outgoing.12. Can we go r_ climbing this weekend? II. 用方框中所给词或短语的适当形式填空。be absent, able, on ones own , luck, success,fall asleep, especial, safe, realize, dream1.As the founder of Microsoft, Bill Gates worked very hard and he at last.2. My is to be a famous doctor.3. He is not a little boy, and he can finish the work . 4. These days many people are talking about the of food. 5. We the importance of low-carbon（低碳）life and will take action right now. 6. I helped Susan with her lessons, for she from school for a week.7. Last night the old man found it difficult because there was a loud noise upstairs.8. Most Chinese people think that “8” is a(n) number.9. Anna had a fever yesterday , so she was to go to school.10. Many foreigners enjoy Chinese fashion, the Tang costume.III. 用括号所给单词的适当形式填空。1. Dave enjoys (play) tennis and baseball.2. He fell onto the ground (sudden).3. He is (wealth), but he is not happy.4. The company hopes its product will be (success) on the European market. 5. No driver is needed. The new car can run by (it).6. They are sitting in the comfortable chair and chatting (happy).7. Thanks for (help) me with my homework, Miss Li.8. He is very (friend) to others, so he has lots of friends there.9. They are looking forward to (win) the first prize in the coming competition.10. China became the second (large) movie market in the world, behind the US.【句式精讲】1. But now, wed better get back to work.had better(常简略为d better)是固定词组，had better意为“最好”，用于表示对别人的劝告、建议或表示一种愿望。其用法有以下几点： （1）had better后面必须跟动词原形，构成had better do sth.句型。 【注意】这里的had不能用have来替换。例如： Youd better go to hospital at once. 你最好立即去医院看病。 Tom, youd better go there today. 汤姆，你最好今天去那里。 （2）主语不论是第几人称，句子不论是什么时态，都要用had better的形式。例如：Now you(he; we) had better listen to the teacher.你(他，我们)现在最好听老师讲。2. It was three meters high and weighed 975 kilos. 这是一个用来表达一个物体或者人的长、宽、高、重量、年龄等的句型。句型是“sth. /sb.+ be +数词 + 单位 + 形容词”。其中的be动词随着时态和主语的变化而变化。例如：The river is more than 1,000 kilometers long. 这条河有1000多公里长。This man is eighty years old now. 这位老人有80岁高龄了。The huge monster was over three meters high. 那个巨大的怪兽有三米多高。 【拓展】这种表达方式的疑问结构是：How + adj. + be + 主语？ 例如： How heavy is the box? 这个箱子有多重？3. Because he is too tired to move. tooto意为“太而不能”。它在结构形式上是肯定的，但意义上却表示否定含义，所以动词不定式符号to前不能再加not，只接动词原形即可，too后接形容词或副词原形。例如： The book is too difficult to understand. 这本书难于理解。【拓展】（1）含tooto的句子可以改写成“sothat”句型，意为“如此以至于”。例如：He is too old to do hard work. = He is so old that he cant do hard work. 他年纪太大而不能干重活。（2）含tooto的句子也可以用“not enough to do sth.”句型来替换，但注意要用原句中形容词或副词的反义词。例如： He is too old to do hard work. = He is not young enough to do hard work. 他年纪大了，不能干重活。4. What are English schools like? 这里的be like意为“像一样”，like是介词。这个句式是用来询问人的性格特征或者事物的属性。例如： What is the old man like? 那个老人怎么样？He is kind. 他很和蔼。What is the weather like? 天气怎么样？Its fine. 天气不错。【拓展】What does/do sb./sth. look like? 这个句式是询问某个人或物的外貌特征。例如：What does the old man look like? 那个老人长什么样？ He is short and thin. 他又矮又瘦。5. Ive been at River School, London, since I was eleven. since在此为连词，引导时间状语从句，从句用一般过去时，主句常用完成时。例如： I have studied English since I came here. 自从我来这里就学习英语。 I have known her since I was five years old. 自从我五岁就认识她。【拓展】since还可以作介词，连接一个过去的时间点或一段时间+ago。例如： She has been ill since last weekend. 她自从上周末就病了。 She has been in Wuhan since four years ago. 自从四年前她就在武汉。6. I searched online and found out the following. find out意为“找到，发现，查明”，多指通过调查、询问、打听、研究之后“弄明白”。通常含有“经过困难、曲折”之后才找出难以找到的东西。例如： Please find out when the train leaves. 请查一下火车什么时候离站。【拓展】 （1）find是动词，意为“找到”，通常指找到或发现具体的东西，强调的是找的结果。例如：He didnt find his book. 他没有找到他的书。 （2）look for意为“寻找”，是有目的地找，强调找的动作。例如：Jim is looking for his little dog. Jim正在找他的狗。7. What does Bettys mum suggest Betty should not do? 本句中的suggest意为“建议”，后接that引导的宾语从句，that从句用should+动词原形，should可以省略不写。例如：She suggested that the class meeting (should) not be held on Saturday.她建议班会不要在星期六举行。We suggested that he (should) go and make an apology to his teacher.我们建议他去向老师道歉。 【拓展】 suggest的其他用法：（1）可接名词做宾语。例如：We suggested a visit to the museum the next day.我们建议明天去参观博物馆。（2）可接动名词做宾语。例如：I suggested putting off the sports meet.我建议将运动会延期。They suggested waiting until the proper time.他们建议(我们)等到恰当的时机才行动。（3）suggest也表示“提出”的意思。例如：He suggested a different plan to his boss. 他向老板提出了一个不同的计划。Xiao Wang suggested a way to solve the problem. 小王提出了一个解决这个问题的办法。8. If I reach out, I can just touch him. reach out意为“伸出（手等）”。reach在这里意为“伸出”。例如： Dont reach out, or it will hurt you. 不要伸出手去，否则它会伤害你。 【拓展】 （1）reach out to sb. 意为“愿意对某人提供帮助”。例如： We should reach out to those who are in trouble. 我们应当向那些处于困境的人伸出援助之手。 （2）reach out (ones hand) for sth. 或者 reach for sth. 意为“伸出手去拿某物”。例如：The boy is trying to reach (out) for a book on the shelf. 那个男孩儿正努力伸手去够架子上的一本书。【句式精练】I.同义句转换。1. This novel isnt as interesting as that one.This novel is than that one.2. He was so excited that he couldnt go to sleep.He was go to sleep.3. These flowers will require looking after carefully.These flowers will require to carefully. 4. The old man you talked about died one year ago. The old man you talked about for one year.5. Diana made great success in her research because she put her effort into it. Diana made great success in her research her effort.6. Why dont you go boating with us? go boating with us?7. Dont play basketball here, or you may break the window. play basketball here. You may break the window.8. If you work hard, you will do well in physics. , and you will do well in physics.II. 根据汉语提示完成下列句子。1. 他成功地爬上了山顶。He to the top of the mountain.2. 他伸手去够树上的苹果。He a hand the apple on the tree.3. 今天的报纸上有写新东西吗？ Is there in todays newspaper?4. 完成这项工作至少要花两个小时。 It will take two hours the work.5.你上学最好不要再迟到。Youd better not school again.6. 昨天早晨李勇八点才起床。 Li Yong _ get up _ 8:00 yesterday morning.7.我们每年举行两次运动会。We hold the sports meeting _ _ _. 8.我宁愿在家里看电视也不愿意到外面踢足球。I _ _ watch TV at home _ play soccer outside.9. 老师告诉这个男孩不要花太多时间在玩游戏上。 The teacher told the boy not to _ too much time _ games.10. 看电影时我们既不该大声喧哗也不该吃东西。 We should _ talk loudly _ eat while watching a movie.III. 按要求完成下列句型转换。1. I saw he was playing computer games. (改为简单句)I saw computer games. 2. She learns English by listening to tapes. (对划线部分提问)_ _ she learn English？3. I think that he is coming tomorrow. (改为否定句)I _think that he _ coming tomorrow.4. Theres only a little water in the river. (对划线部分提问) _ _ water is there in the river?5. Peter does well in basketball. He does well in football too. (合并为一句)Peter does well in _ basketball _ football.6. “Jack, can you help me with the dinner?” Jacks mother asked. (改为间接引语) Jacks mother asked Jack _ he _ help her with the dinner.7. Lets make a model plane for Kangkangs birthday, _ _? (完成反意疑问句)8. I havent seen my mother for a month. (对划线部分提问)_ _ _ you _ your mother?9. My parents dont allow me to go into the net bar. (改为被动语态)I _ _ _ to go into net bar by my parents.10. We think your new dress is very ugly.(对划线部分提问)_ _ you _ _ my new dress?IV. 补全对话。 Choose the best choice from A to F to finish the dialogue. You have one more answer. Each choice should be used only once.A: Excuse me, I want to go to the National Palace Museum. 1 B: You can get there by bus. I think it will come soon.A: Thank you. Its my first time here.B: So, 2 A: I like it very much. Its a big city with lots of modern buildings. By the way, you arent a student, are you?B: 3 Im a college student. 4 A: Im going to visit my son and he lives near there.B: Oh, your bus is coming.A: 5 B: Youre welcome. Bye.A. Yes, I am. B. How can I get there?C. Thanks for your help. D. No, Im not.E. Why do you want to go to the National Palace Museum?F. how do you like it so far?【参考答案】I.同义句转换。1. less interesting 2. too excited to3. be looked after4. has been dead5. because of 6. Why not 7. You mustnt8. Work hard II. 根据汉语提示完成下列句子。1. succeeded in climbing 2. reached out; for3. anything new4. at least; to finish 5. be late for6. didnt; until 7. twice a year 8. would rather; than9. spend; playing10. neither; nor III. 按要求完成下列句型转换。1. him; playing 2. How does 3.dont; is4. How much5. both; and 6.if / whether; could 7. shall we 8. How long havent; seen 9. am not allowed 10. What do; think ofIV. 补全对话。1.B2.F3.A4.E5.C
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