形容词变副词的规则.ppt

形容词变副词,1.直接+lycarelesscarelesslyquietquietlydifferentdifferentlyconfidentconfidentlyfortunatefortunatelybeautifulbeautifullycarefulcarefullyrecentrecently,2.以le结尾的形容词去e+lyterribleterriblypossiblepossiblycomfortablecomfortablygentlegentlysimplesimplyreasonablereasonablyprobableprobablyincredibleincredibly,其它以e结尾的形容词直接+lywisewiselynicenicelypolitepolitelyfortunatefortunatelyclosecloselyimmediateimmediately,truetrulywholewhollyfullfullydulldully,注意以下形容词变副词的拼写,3.以辅音+y结尾的，去y为i+lyhappyhappilyeasyeasilyangryangrilymerrymerrilyheavyheavilynoisynoisilyhealthyhealthilyluckyluckily,注意：drydrylyshyshylyslyslyly(狡猾的),4.以ic结尾的+allyenergeticenergeticallyautomaticautomaticallyscientificscientificallyeconomiceconomicallybasicbasicallypublicpublicly（例外）,注意以ly结尾的形容词friendlylovelylivelyelderlymonthlyweeklyyearlybrotherlyfatherlymotherly,lonelydeadlymanlywomanlydailysilly,5.形容词与副词同形fastfastearlyearlyhardhardlatelatefarfaralonealonelittle-little,6.有两个副词形式的词highhighhighlydeepdeepdeeplywidewidewidelyhardhardhardlyloudloudloudlycloseclosecloselylatelatelately,free-免费地freely-随便不拘束地hard-努力地、猛烈地hardly-几乎不just-恰好、仅仅、不久前justly-公正地late-迟lately-最新地、最近地,most-最mostly-大部分地near-近nearly-几乎pretty-很(作副词用)prettily-漂亮short-突然地shortly-不久前,1.cleanadj.干净adv.径直地；完全地cleanlyadv.干干净净地2.clearadj.清楚的adv.完全地;径直地；隔离clearlyadv.清楚地3.closeadj.近的adv.近地closelyadv.严密地；密切地,4directadj.直的adv.直线地，不绕圈子地directlyadv.直接地；马上，立刻5firmadj.adv.稳固地；稳定地standfirmlyadv.坚定地，坚决地6highadj.高的adv.高高地highlyadv.高度地；7.straightadj.直的Adv.直接地；正直地；马上；straightlyadv.（比较少用）,7slowadj.adv.Goslow.怠工；慢慢走slowlyadv.9easyadj.容易的adv.Takeit.come,go.easilyadv.容易地；轻松地10sharpadj.adv.急剧地；准时地；音符准地sharplyadv.尖刻地；刻薄地,l.close接近地closely仔细地，密切地a)Shelives_totheschool.b)WatchwhatIdo_!2.free免费地freely自由地，无拘束地a)Youcantravel_withthisspecialticket.b)Youcantravel_toallpartsofthecountry.3.hard努力地hardly几乎不a)It_snowedlastwinter.b)Heworks_athisEnglish.,free,closely,close,freely,hardly,hard,4.late晚，迟lately近来a)Haveyoueverheardfromhim_?b)Remembernottocome_toschoolnexttime.5.most极，非常mostly主要地a)Whatdoyoulike_?b)Thehousesinthevillageare_madeofbrick.6.wide广阔地，宽广地widely广泛地a)Heopenedhismouth_.b)Englishis_usedallovertheworld.7.high高highly高度地，非常地a)Alltheteachersspeak_ofher.b)Theplaneflew_intheskyandsoondisappeared.,lately,late,most,mostly,wide,widely,highly,high,8.deep深，迟deeply抽象意义的“深”a)Iam_gratefulforyourtimelyhelp.b)Heoftenstudied_intothenight.9.loud大声地loudly大声地（含有喧闹的意思）a)Icanthearyou;pleasespeak_.b)Heknockedatthedoorso_thatthenoisewokethebabyup.10.near邻近nearly几乎，差不多a)Dontcome_;thesnakemightattack.b)Its_twelveoclock.Letsgoandhavelunch.,deeply,deep,loud,loudly,near,nearly,形容词，副词的比较级，最高级,形容词和副词在应用中有三个级别.即:原级，比较级，最高级。（在形容词和副词后加上“er”表示“比较”加上“est”表示“最.”,一、形容词、副词的比较级、最高级的构成规则：1一般在形容词、副词后加上er表示比较级加上est表示最高级原级比较级最高级1）smallsmallsmall2)youngyoungyoung3)fastfastfast,er,est,er,est,er,est,2以不发音的e结尾的，只加上r表示比较级，加上st表示最高级。1)largelargelarge2)nicenicenice3)finefinefine,r,st,r,st,r,st,3以辅音字母+y结尾的，把消去y,然后加上er表示比较级；加上est表示最高级。原级比较级最高级1）earlyearlyearly2)happyhappyhappy,ier,iest,ier,iest,4双写最后一个辅音字母，然后加上er表示比较级；加上est表示最高级。原级比较级最高级1）bigbigbig2)thinthinnerthinnest3)wetwetterwettest4)fatfatterfattest5)hothotterhottest,ger,gest,ner,5双音节和多音节的形容词，副词，在这些形容词和副词前加上more表示比较级；加上most表示最高级。原级比较级最高级happilyhappilyhappilyheavilyheavilyheavily,more,most,more,most,3)expensiveexpensiveexpensive4)carefullycarefullycarefullyexcitingexcitingexcitingfrighteningfrighteningfrighteningboringboringboringcarefulcarefulcareful,more,most,more,most,more,most,more,most,more,most,more,most,6不规则变化的靠背熟原级比较级最高级1）good/wellbetterbest2)ill/bad/badlyworseworst3)littlelessleast4)much/manymoremost5)farfarther/furtherfarthest/furthest6)oldolder/elderoldest/eldest,多个形容词修饰名词的顺序,abeautifulsmallroundoldyellowFrenchwoodenstudyroom口诀巧记：限定描绘大长高，形状年龄和新老，颜色国籍跟材料，作用类别往后靠。(1)Thehusbandgavehiswife_everymonthinordertopleaseher.AincomeallhisBhisallincomeChisincomeallDallhisincome【解析】D考查多个限定词的词序。all前位限定；his中位限定。,(2)The_housesmellsasifithasntbeenlivedinforyears.AlittlewhitewoodenBlittlewoodenwhiteCwhitewoodenlittleDwoodenwhitelittle【解析】A考查多个形容词修饰同一中心词的词序：大小颜色材料。,倍数的表达方法,1.A+be+倍数+as+形容词原级+as+B.Thistreeisthreetimesastallasthatone.这棵树是那棵树的三倍高。2.A+be+倍数+形容词比较级+than+BTheYangtzeRiverisalmosttwicelongerthanthePearlRiver.长江差不多比珠江长两倍3.A+be+倍数+the+计量名词+of+BThenewlybroadenedsquareisfourtimesthesizeofthepreviousone.新扩建的广场是未扩建时的四倍大。,和more有关的词组1)themorethemore越就越Theharderyouwork,thegreaterprogressyoullmake.2)moreBthanA与其说A不如说BHeismorelazythanslowathiswork.3)“nomore.than”是“不也不”。Heisnomorediligentthanyou.你不勤奋，他也不勤奋。“notmore.than”“不像一样，不如一样”Heisnotmorediligentthanyou.他不像你那样勤奋。,nomore.than表示对两者都否定，意为“同一样不”（neither.nor.）。如：-Heisnomoreawriterthanapainter.他既不是画家，也不是作家。（Heisneitherapainternorawriter.）-HesnomoreabletoreadSpanishthanIam.他和我都读不懂西班牙语。（NeitherhenorIamabletoreadSpanish.）-IknownomoreSpanishthanIknowGreek.我对西班牙语和希腊语同样都不懂。（IknowneitherSpanishnorGreek.）,notmore.than指两者都具有某种特征，但是程度不同，意为“不如”“不及”（notso.as）。如：(lessthan)-Sheisnotmorecleverthanheis.她不如他聪明。（Sheisnotsocleverasheis.）-Thisbookisnotmoredifficultthanthatone.这本书不及那本书难。（Thisbookisnotsodifficultasthatone.）,more.than的用法1.比多，比更Hehasmorebooksthanme.他的书比我多。Heismorecarefulthantheothers.他比其他人更仔细。,Morethan的用法,A.“Morethan名词”表示“不仅仅是”1)Modernscienceismorethanalargeamountofinformation.2)Jasonismorethanalecturer;heisawriter,too.Weneedmorethanmaterialwealthtobuildourcountry.B.“Morethan数词”含“以上”或“不止”之意，如：3)IhaveknownDavidformorethan20years.4)Letscarryoutthetestwithmorethanthesamplecopy.Morethanonepersonhasmadethissuggestion.不止一人提过这个建议.,C.“Morethan形容词”等于“很”或“非常”的意思，如：5)Indoingscientificexperiments,onemustbemorethancarefulwiththeinstruments.6)IassureyouIammorethangladtohelpyou.,D.morethan+(that)从句，其基本意义是“超过（=over）”，但可译成“简直不”“远非”、难以、完全不能（其后通常连用情态动词can）-ThatismorethanIcanunderstand.那非我所能懂的.-ThatismorethanIcantell.那事我实在不明白。-Theheattherewasmorethanhecouldstand.,lessthan的用法1.（指数量）不到，不足Itslessthanhalfanhoursdrivefromhere.开车到那里不到半个钟头。Inlessthananhourhefinishedthework.没要上一个小时，他就完成了工作。,2.比（小）少Sheeatslessthansheshould.她吃得比她应该吃的少。Halfthegroupfelttheyspentlessthanaverage.,nomorethan与notmorethan1.nomorethan的意思是“仅仅”“只有”“最多不超过”，强调少。-Thistesttakesnomorethanthirtyminutes.这个测验只要30分钟。-Thepubwasnomorethanhalffull.该酒吧的上座率最多不超过五成。-Forthirtyyears，hehaddonenomorethanhe（had）neededto.30年来，他只干了他需要干的工作。,2.notmorethan为morethan（多于）的否定式，其意为“不多于”“不超过”。如：Notmorethan10guestscametoherbirthdayparty.来参加她的生日宴会的客人不超过十人。,比较：Shehasnomorethanthreehats.她只有3顶帽子。（太少了）Shehasnotmorethanthreehats.她至多有3顶帽子。（也许不到3顶帽子）Ihavenomorethanfiveyuaninmypocket.我口袋里的钱最多不过5元。（言其少）Ihavenotmorethanfiveyuaninmypocket.我口袋里的钱不多于5元。（也许不到5元）,