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.,FOREIGN LANGUAGE TEACHING AND RESEARCH PRESS AIR FORCE ENGINEERING UNIVERSITY,.,.,Section A,3,Never, ever give up!,Objectives,.,.,Never, ever give up!,Section A,.,1. What is success?,To live your life the way you want to live itTo earn money, power, and fameTo be surrounded by people you admire and respectTo achieve your dreams, desires, hopes, wishes, etc.A successful man is one who can lay a firm foundation with the bricks others have thrown at him.,.,2. What do you think are the secrets of success?,A strong will and adequate preparationDetermination and persistenceWell begun is half done.When you want success as badly as you wanted air, you will get it.,.,1 As long as you are committed to your goals and you are _ about your dreams, you will _ accomplish them.2 To accomplish _ results in your life, you have to be 100 percent committed and you must be willing to _ your time and effort.,passionate,Listen to a talk about steps to make your dreams come true. Fill in the blanks based on what you hear.,eventually,amazing,sacrifice,3 What are the three steps that you should follow to achieve success? 1) _ 2) _ 3) _,Map your goals out,Believe in yourself,Take action,.,.,1. Why do most people fail to achieve success in the end?,Not have the passion; Not clear about what they want;Not know the exact destination that they want to reach;Not focus on what they want.,.,2. Can you think of any other helpful steps that can be taken to make your dream come true?,First, to learn to adopt suitable strategies;Second, to realize the significance of learning;Finally, to create or find opportunities rather than wait for opportunities to find us.,.,We cannot travel every path. Success must be won along one line. We must make our business the one life purpose to which every other must be _. I hate a thing done by halves. If it be right, do it boldly. If it be wrong, leave it undone. The men of history were not perpetually looking into the mirror to make sure of their own size. _ in their work they did it.,subordinate,Absorbed,To be continued,Listen to a short passage on success and fill in the missing information.,.,They did it so well that the wondering world sees them to be great, and _ them accordingly. To live with a high ideal is a successful life. It is not what one does, but what one tries to do, that makes a man strong. “Eternal vigilance,” it has been said, “is the price of _.” With equal truth it may be said, “Unceasing effort is the price of success.”,Listen to a short passage on success and fill in the missing information.,labeled,liberty,To be continued,.,If we do not work with our might, others will; and they will outstrip us in the race, and pluck the prize from our grasp. Success grows less and less _ on luck and chance. Self-distrust is the cause of most of our failures. The great and _ help to success is character. Character is a crystallized habit, the result of training and conviction.,dependent,indispensable,To be continued,Listen to a short passage on success and fill in the missing information.,.,Every character is influenced by heredity, environment and education. But these apart, if every man were not to be a great extent the _ of his own character, he would be a fatalist, and _ creature of circumstances. Instead of saying that man is a creature of circumstance, it would be nearer the mark to say that man is the architect of circumstance.,architect,irresponsible,To be continued,Listen to a short passage on success and fill in the missing information.,.,From the same materials one man builds _, another hovel. Bricks and mortar are mortar and bricks, until the architect can make them something else. The true way to gain much is never to _ to gain too much. Wise men dont care for what they cant have.,palaces,desire,Listen to a short passage on success and fill in the missing information.,.,Cultural background,Public schools in the UK & US,.,What do you know about public schools in the UK?,Eton, Harrow, Winchester, etc.;Independent of the state system;Educate secondary-level students for a fee;Evolved from an institution of the late European Middle Ages or Renaissance; Curriculum placed heavy emphasis on the Greek and Roman classics.,Cultural background,Public schools in the UK & US,.,2. What do you know about public schools in the US?,Elementary or secondary schools mandated for all children by the government;Paid, in part or in whole, by public funding from taxation;Institutions of post-secondary education overseen by government.,Cultural background,Public schools in the UK & US,.,Never, ever give up!,Section A,.,As a young boy, Winston Churchill attended a public school called _. Though not a good student, he did finish at Harrow and went on to the university. He eventually had a premier army career and was elected prime minister. His amazing _ helped motivated his entire nation and was an _ worldwide.,Harrow,determination,inspiration,Para. 1,.,What did Churchill say when he was invited to address the patriotic young boys at his old school, Harrow? (Para.2),.,By using Winston Churchills story and his speech at Harrow as an introduction to the topic, the text makes clear its statement: the secret of success is “_”.,Part I Paras. 1 _,2,Never give up,.,What can the examples of Einstein, Edison and Abraham Lincoln illustrate? (Paras.3-4),Tips,Personal history, educational opportunity, individual dilemmas none of these can inhibit a strong spirit committed to success.,.,What can the example of Sandra Day OConnor illustrate? (Paras. 5-6),Tips,Keep their eyes on the prize;Uphold a committed and focused will and spirit;Have the will to overcome profound obstacles and to work diligently.,.,The secret of success is based upon a burning _ a robust, fierce will and focus that fuels the _ to act, to keep preparing, to keep going even when we are tired and fail. Its not how many times you fall down that matters. Its how many times you _ that makes success!,inward desire,determination,get back up,Para. 7,.,Part II Paras. 3 7,Through the examples of world famous scientists, statesman, and jurist, the text brings forward the statement that only those with a _, those who “keep their eyes on the prize”, and those who _ to keep going, will finally succeed.,strong will,expend the substantial effort,.,What is the conclusion of the text? (Para. 8),Tips,Where theres a will, theres a way;,Hard work, determination dedication and preparation;,Transcend handicap;,Accomplish any feat and achieve success.,.,Part III Para. 8,By reinforcing the statement given in part II, the text draws the conclusion that with hard work, _, dedication and preparation, you can _ any handicap, accomplish any feat, and _.,determination,transcend,achieve success,.,Churchill managed to be a successful man althoughhe was not a good student when he was young. (Para. 1),“Never give up” is the speech given by Churchill toyoung boys in his old school. (Para. 2),Introduction,.,The examples of Einstein, Edison, and Lincoln can wellillustrate thatnothing can inhibit astrong spirit committed to success. (Paras. 3-4),The example of Sandra Day OConnor shows that only those who “keep their eyes on the prize” will find their endeavors successful.(Paras. 5-6),Without substantialeffort, only saying that they want something will not bring success to people. (Para. 7),.,With hard work, determination, dedication and preparation, you can transcend any handicap, accomplish any feat, and achieve success. (Para. 8),Conclusion,.,.,Never, ever give up! When invited to address the patriotic young boys at his old school, Harrow, Britains great Prime Minister, Sir Winston Churchill gave this short, clear-cut speech: “Young men, _. Never give up! Never give up! _!”,never give up,Never, never, never, never,To be continued,.,Personal history, _, individual dilemmas none of these can _ a strong spirit committed to success. Take Albert Einstein, Thomas Edison and Abraham Lincoln as an example. Despite the immense obstacles and extreme criticism, their strong will, _, dedication and determination enabled them to _ the overwhelming failures and profound difficulties in their lives.,educational opportunity,inhibit,optimism,triumph over,To be continued,.,Many artists, statesmen, writers and inventors achieved prosperity because they possessed a _ to keep preparing and working and a passion to succeed. Many people simply say that they want something, but they do not _ required to achieve it. Many people let the threat of failure stop them from trying with all of their heart.,committed and focused will,expend the substantial effort,To be continued,.,The secret of success is based upon a burning inward desire that _ the determination to act, to keep preparing, to keep going even when _. Focus on becoming more knowledgeable. Focus on _. Maintain the strong will to keep going. With hard work, determination, dedication and preparation, you can _, _, and achieve success!,fuels,we are tired and fail,gradual, consistent progress,transcend any handicap,accomplish any feat,.,.,偏离，背离,(life compass/correct course),Those who have a life compass in their mind will never deviate from the correct course.,deviate from ,短语逆译,短语应用,有人生目标的人是永远不会偏离正确航向的。,意群提示,.,阻止某人做,(willing heart / to achieve success),Nothing can preclude a willing heart from achieving success.,preclude sb. from doing ,短语逆译,短语应用,有志者事竟成。,意群提示,.,战胜,(to work with one heart and one mind/to stand on top of the world),As long as the Chinese people work with one heart and one mind, they will triumph over any difficulties and stand on top of the world.,triumph over ,短语逆译,短语应用,中国人民只要万众一心，必将战胜任何困难，从而立足于世界之巅。,意群提示,.,追求,(to give due emphasis to),While in pursuit of economic growth, a nation should give due emphasis to the protection of the environment.,in (the) pursuit of ,短语逆译,短语应用,一个国家在追求经济发展的同时，应当对环境保护给予足够重视。,意群提示,.,通过奋斗逐步达到,( to take as / life endeavor ),Students who have fiercely worked their way into universities should take college education as a new starting point rather than the finishing line of their life endeavor.,work ones way to/through/into ,短语逆译,短语应用,通过激烈的竞争进入大学的同学们应当将大学教育作为人生奋斗的新起点而非终点。,意群提示,.,放弃,(search and rescue work/life signs),In the search and rescue work after the earthquake, the PLA soldiers didnt give up on any life signs.,give up on ,短语逆译,短语应用,在地震过后的搜救工作中，解放军战士不放弃任何生命迹象。,意群提示,.,专注于,(various distractions),College students should focus most of their energy on studies rather than on various distractions.,短语逆译,短语应用,大学生应将主要精力专注于学习而不是各种令其分心的事物。,意群提示,focus on ,.,.,个人经历、教育机会、个人困境，这些都不能阻挡一个全力以赴追求成功的、有着坚强意志的人。,原句译文,逆译练习,Personal history, educational opportunity, individual dilemmas none of these can inhibit a strong spirit committed to success.,句型提炼,.,A, B, C none of these be/do,句型提炼,应用提示,用于表达“对已知条件的否定”。,句型应用,.,( to be regarded as/standard for ),典型例句,金钱、名誉、社会地位，这些都不应作为判断一个人是否成功的唯一标准。,意群提示,Money, fame, social status none of these should be regarded as the only standard for the judgment of ones success.,.,他们取得了成功，并不是因为成功很容易，而是因为他们拥有克服重重障碍的意志，为了追求目标而勤奋努力。,原句译文,逆译练习,They attained success, not because it was easy, but because they had the will to overcome profound obstacles and to work diligently in the pursuit of their goals.,句型提炼,.,Sb. do sth., not because , but because ,句型提炼,应用提示,用于表达“某人做某事的原因”。,句型应用,.,(honest and kind/ great virtue/hold the world),典型例句,我选择厚道，不是因为我笨拙，而是因为我深信，厚德能载物。,意群提示,I choose to be honest and kind, not because I am stupid, but because I firmly believe that great virtue holds the world.,.,你摔倒了多少次并不要紧；你能多少次重新站起来对成功才至关重要！,原句译文,逆译练习,Its not how many times you fall down that matters. Its how many times you get back up that makes success!”,句型提炼,.,Its not that matters. Its that be/do,句型提炼,应用提示,用于表达“对某事物最为重要的因素”。,句型应用,.,(current position/to head for),典型例句,要获得成功，你现在的位置不重要，重要的是你前进的方向。,意群提示,Its not where your current position is that matters. Its where you are heading for that leads you to success.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,You may have tried and failed many times before you finally get success. But it does not matter. What matters is whether you can summon up (鼓起) all your courage again and again to face the hardships standing in the way of success.,How do you understand the remark “Its not how many times you fall down that matters. Its how many times you get back up that makes success!”?,.,2. Do you agree that there are times when its simply better to give up?,When I have realized that I am pursuingsomething that is hard to achieve, I would tryto stick to the goal. But I will begin to thinkof what I can do to improve the situation.When it still doesnt work, I would try toanalyze what the problem is and then makesome changes and probably reset my goal.,To be continued,.,2. Do you agree that there are times when its simply better to give up?,Yes, sometimes we are pursuing the wronggoal which can never be achieved, only to findourselves in deep frustration and profoundfatigue. In this situation, I may give up thewrong goal and set up another goal that isachievable.,., Following the guidance of senior people. Getting sound advice from our parents. Setting a correct goal. Achieving success step by step. Developing good interpersonal relationships.,3. How can we avoid wasting time and energy in achieving success?,.,When talking about success, do you think there are any differences between the Chinese and the westerners?,Chinese believe that personal relationship is the most important factor to ones success.Chinese tend to equate power, fame and money to success.,Westerners believe that self-independence is a key to success.Westerners tend to regard success as the realization of ones self-value.,.,Video Watching,Tips,Critical thinking,.,Critical thinking,Back,.,What do you think is the key to success?,I agree with what the speaker holds in the video clip, it is grit (坚韧不拔的意志). Grit is passion and perseverance for very long-term goals. It is a significant predictor of success. we need to possess a committed and focused will as well as grit to keep preparing and working towards the goal. With hard work, determination, dedication and preparation, we can transcend any handicap, accomplish any feat, and achieve success!,Critical thinking,.,Never, ever give up!,Section A,.,Develop an example essay In an example essay, you support your point by illustrating it with examples. If, for instance, you make a statement and someone says to you, “Prove it”, what do you do? Most likely, you will provide an example or two to support your claim. Indeed, it is hard to write a good essay of any kind without using at least some examples. Good examples help to clarify your thought by making the general specific, and the abstract concrete. They also add interest and help to persuade or convince your readers.,to be continued,.,.,Take a look at Paragraphs 3 & 4 of Text A to see how examples are used to support the point:,.,Topic sentence: Personal history, educational opportunity, individual dilemmas none of these can inhibit a strong spirit committed to success. (Para. 3),Further illustration: No task is too hard. No amount of preparation is too long or too difficult. (Para. 3),Examples: Take the example of two of the most scholarly scientists of our age, Albert Einstein and Thomas Edison. (Para. 3),Another more detailed example: Consider also the heroic example of Abraham Lincoln, who faced substantial hardships, failures and repeated misfortunes in his lifetime. (Para. 4),.,Read the sample essay and see how the examples are developed and organized.,.,Topic:Biological clocksIntroduction:Thesis statement: Even though it is not easyto explain why, scientists believe living thingsmust have built-in biological clocks that can be reset.,to be continued,.,Body:1 Topic sentence: To start with, various 24-hour rhythms observed in peoples biological clocks can be adjusted. Example: A traveler flying from New York to London can adjust his normal rhythms to London time.,to be continued,.,Body:2 Topic sentence: The same kind of resetting also takes place in the biological clocks of animals and plants.Example 1: The clock of an animal or plant can be set to the laboratory-produced hours of light and dark.Example 2: Mussels can adjust to the tides of the new beach after being moved from the old one.,to be continued,.,Conclusion:Biological clocks, in a way, serve as automatic internal “watches” for all living things.,to be continued,.,Sample: Have you ever heard about “biological clock”, a popular term for an internal regulator responsible for various time-based responses in living things? Many scientists think all living things are able to act on a regular timetable. Even though it is not easy to explain why, scientists believe living things must have built-in biological clocks that can be reset.,to be continued,.,Sample: To start with, various 24-hour rhythms observed in peoples biological clocks can be adjusted. The most obvious is the alternation of wakefulness with sleep. Disruption of the human built-in rhythms can temporarily upset the body. When a passenger flies across many time zones in a few hours, the discomfort, called “jet lag”, results. Lets look at the example of a traveler flying from New York to London. In New York, his normal 24-hour rhythm of sleep and all his other important body activities are set to the eastern time of the United States.,to be continued,.,Sample: However, when he gets to London, the day begins five hours earlier. The New Yorkers rhythms are now out of step with London by about the same amount of time. In other words, his clock is still working for New York rather than London. However, within a few days his body rhythm will gradually shift into step with the time in England.,to be continued,.,Sample: The same kind of resetting also takes place in the biological clocks of animals and plants. When abiological clock is reset, activities can start and stop at any hour of the day. This may be shown in a simple experiment where an animal or plant is placed in a laboratory, shut off from outside natural light influences. Light is turned on during the daylight hours of some part of the world and turned off during the night hours. After a few such 24-hour days, the clock of the animal or plant will be set to the laboratory-produced hours of light and dark.,to be continued,.,Sample: The same is true of mussels ( 贻贝) that are moved to a new beach. The tides rise and fall about six hours later than they do at the home beach. For a few days, the mussels open at the wrong time but always with the same amount of time between these openings. Finally, they will adjust to the rhythm of the new beach.,to be continued,.,Sample: Thus, biological clocks, in a way, serve as automatic internal “watches” for all living things. But how the built-in biological clocks work remains a myth for humans. One can expect that in the near future there will be an even greater understanding of biologicalclocks.,
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