翻译题型的三大考点.ppt

翻译题型有三大考点：1.固定搭配考点：这是翻译中的最为核心的考点。比如说名词与动词搭配，形容词与名词搭配，动词与副词的修饰关系，名词与介词搭配，更为重要的是常见的固定词组以及固定表达，这些都可能成为本次考试的命题重点。例：Bycontrast,Americanmothersweremorelikely_(把孩子的成功归因于)naturaltalent.(大纲样题)。,2.核心语法考点：这部分语法考点大多数是以前词汇语法考题考点的重现和转移。核心语法考点最重要的虚拟语气，其次是倒装结构、从句知识、倒装结构、非谓语动词等。例1：Theprofessorrequiredthat_(我们交研究报告)byWednesday.(真题)例2：Notonly_(他向我收费过高),buthedidntdoagoodrepairjobeither.(大纲样题),虚拟语气第一种：由“if”引导的虚拟句子(1).与现在的事实相反：If-+were/did-,-+woulddo-IfIwereyou,Iwouldmarryhim.(2).与过去的事实相反：If-+haddone-,-+wouldhavedone-Ifyouhadworkedhard,youwouldhavepassedtheexam.(3).与将来的事实可能相反：If-+shoulddo-,-+woulddo-Ifitshouldraintomorrow,whatwouldyoudo?,第二种：用在表示要求、建议、命令等的名词从句中从句谓语形式为：“-(should)+dosth类似用法的动词有：insist(坚持),suggest(建议),order(命令),propose(建议),demand(要求),command(命令),advise(建议),desire(要求、请求),request(请求),require(需要、要求),ask(要求),prefer(宁愿),recommend(推荐),arrange(安排),advocate(拥护、提倡),maintain(坚决主张)等后面的宾语从句中。,第三种：用在“It+be+important(,necessary,natural,essential,strange,absurd,amazing,annoying,desirable,surprising,vital,advisable,anxious,compulsory,crucial,imperative,eager,fitting,possible,impossible,improper,obligatory,probable,preferable,strange,urgent等)+that-”结构中,第四种：用在Itistimethat-结构中,表示“该干某事了”,含建议的意思,用动词过去式。e.g.Itistime(that)wewenttobed.注意:time前可加about(表示“大约”)或high(表示“强调”)等。,倒装句so/such.that用于句首时，后面要倒装Solittledidheknowaboutthesubjectthathehadtostayuppreparingfortheexam.as,though,nomatterhow（what）,however引导让步状语时，从句需倒装Youngasheis,hehasaccomplishedalot.Howevercolditis,hewillgoswimminginthelake.用于so,neither,nor后面Hedidntgototheconcert,neitherdidhisfamily.,表示否定意义的词如no,hardly,never,scarcely,seldom,barely,rarely,nolonger,notuntil,nosooner.than，hardly.when,notonly.butalso,not,little,atnotime,bynomeans（决不）,onnoaccount（决不）,innocase,innoway,under/innocircumstances等放在句首时后面主谓要倒装。Onnoaccountarevisitorsallowedtofeedtheanimalsinthezoo.HardlyhadIarrivedwhenaquarrelbrokeout.Only+adverb（副词）,prepositionalphrase（介词短语）,adverbialclause（状语从句）置于句首时，后面的主谓需要倒装。Onlyinthiswaycanwehopetosolvetheproblemofenvironmentalpollution.,3.核心动词以及动词短语的考查:例：Thoughaskilledworker,_(他被公司解雇了).（真题）,四级翻译解题方法：第一步：首先快速浏览句子，先看英语，从而判断划线处所填句子的形式、时态。第二步：看括号里面的汉语，以核心谓语动词为切入点，找准主谓宾、分清定状补。第三步：先翻译主谓宾、后翻译定状补。动词注意时态，名词注意单复数。第四步：检查，润色,2006年6月四级翻译题87.Havingspentsometimeinthecity,hehadnotrouble_(找到去历史博物馆的路).88._(为了挣钱供我上学)，Motheroftentakesonmoreworkthanisgoodforher.89.Theprofessorrequiredthat_(我们交研究报告)。90.Themoreyouexplain,_(我愈糊涂).91.Thoughaskilledworker,_(他被公司解雇了).,参考答案：87.findingthewaytothehistorymuseum88.Inordertosupportmystudies(tofinancemyeducation)89.wehandinourresearchreport(s)90.themoreconfusedIam91.hewasfiredbythecompany,2006年12月四级翻译题1.Specialistsininterculturalstudiessaythatitisnoteasyto_(适应不同文化中的生活).2.SincemychildhoodIhavefoundthat_(没有什么比读书对我更有吸引力).3.Thevictim_(本来会有机会活下来)ifhehadbeentakentohospitalintime.4.Somepsychologistsclaimthatpeople_(出门在外时可能会感到孤独).5.Thenationspopulationcontinuestorise_(以每年1200万人的速度).,答案1.adaptoneselftothelife/livingindifferentcultures2.nothingismoreattractivetomethanreading3.wouldhaveachancetosurvive/ofsurvival4.mayfeellonelywhentheyareawayfromhome5.ataspeedof12millionperyear,2007年6月四级翻译题87.Thefindingofthisstudyfailedto_(将人们的睡眠质量考虑在内).88.ThepreventandtreatmentofAIDSis_(我们可以合作的领域).89.Becauseoftheleginjury,theathlete_(决定退出比赛).90.Tomakedonationsorformoreinformation,please_(按以下地址和我们联系).91.Pleasecomehereattentomorrowmorning_(如果你方便的话).,参考答案87.takepeoplessleepqualityintoaccount88.thefieldwherewecancooperate/thefieldinwhichwecancooperate89.decidedtoquitthematch90.contactusatthefollowingaddress91.ifitisconvenientforyou/atyourconvenience,2007年12月四级翻译题87._(多亏了一系列的新发明),doctorscantreatthisdiseasesuccessfully.88.Inmysixties,onechangeInoticeisthat_(我比以前更容易累了).89.Iamgoingtopursuethiscourse,_(无论我要作出什么样的牺牲).90.Iwouldprefershoppingonlinetoshoppinginadepartmentstorebecause_(它更加方便和省时).91.ManyAmericansliveoncredit,andtheirqualityoflife_(是用他们能够借到多少来衡量的),nothowmuchtheycanearn,参考答案87.Owingto(thanksto)aseriesofnewinventions88.Iamaptto/inclinedtobemoreeasilytiredthanbefore89.nomatterwhatkindofsacrificeIhavetomake90.thelatterismoreconvenientandtime-saving91.isweigheduponhowmuchtheycanborrow,练习1Ihavehadgreatdealoftrouble_.(跟得上班上的其他同学)2_(我们没有人料到主席会出现)attheparty.Wethoughthewasstillinhospital.3.Agoodmanyproposalswereraisedbythedelegates,_(正如预料的那样).4.Mostdoctorsrecognizethatmedicineisasmuch_(是一门科学，也是一门艺术).5.Somewomen_(本来能够挣一份很好的工资)inajobinsteadofstayinghome,buttheydecidednottoworkforthesaleofthefamily.,答案:1.keepingupwiththerestoftheclass.2.noneofusexpectedthechairmantoturnup3.aswastobeexpected4.anartasitisascience5.couldhavemadeagoodsalary.,练习6Overathirdofthepopulationwasestimated_(无法获得)tothehealthservice.7.Althoughpunctualhimself,theprofessorwasquiteused_(习惯了学生迟到)hislecture.8.Thepriceofbeer_(从50美分到4美元不等)perliterduringthesummerseason.9.Wedlike_(预订一张餐桌)fivefordinnerthisevening.10.TheresamanatthereceptiondeskwhoseemsveryangryandIthinkhemeans_(想找麻烦).,答案6.tohavenoaccess7.tostudentsbeinglatefor8.ranges/variesfrom50centsto$49.toreserveatablefor10.tomaketrouble,练习11.Thestudents_（有权进入）thelibraryonlyintheafternoon.12.（我们都很同情）_thehusbandwhowasbereavedofhisbelovedwife.13.（如果我有钱了）_,IwouldliketocruiseintheSouthernPacificforsixmonthsinaprivateyacht.14.Thesoldiers_（非常疲累由于没有休息一直向前走）inablizzard.15.Noonelikes_（被当作）apoltroon.,答案11.haveaccessto12.Weallsympathizedwith13.IfIwererich14.areveryexhaustedfortheyhaveadvancedforwardwithoutrest.15.toberegardedas,练习16:Thetruckdriveris_(对这起交通事故负全责).17:Inthecourt,thedefendant_(声称自己是清白的).18:Unemployed,John_(几乎无法维持生计).19:_(中国政府声明任何情况下都不首先)usenuclearweapons.20:_(要想他人尊重你),youshouldlearntorespectthemfirst.,答案：16:responsibleforthetrafficaccident.17:claimshimselfinnocent18:nearlycouldntliveonhimself19:ChineseGovernmentdeclaresthatundernocircumstancewillChina20:Ifyouwanttoberespectedbyothers,练习21.thereisnorushnow-_(比赛已经取消了).22.Imnotsupposedtoletanyoneinwithoutacard,_(但对你我就破一次例).23._(我们得把休假日推迟)untilyourebetter.24.Dontbothercarryingallthosethings,_(我本不想给你添许多麻烦).25._(我不大想去参加那个聚会),butIdbetterputinanappearance.,答案：21.thematchhasbeencancelled22.butIllmakeanexceptioninyourcase23.wellhavetoputoff(goingon)vacation24.Ididntmeantogive/bringyoualotoftrouble25.Idontreallywanttogototheparty,练习：26.Animalexperimentswillcontinuetobenecessarytoresolveexistingmedicalproblems_(尽管一些人公开反对).27.ProfessorClarkwasabitstrictwithus,_(但我们确实从他那里学到了很多).28.WhenIwasveryyoung,Iwasterriblyfrightenedofschool,butIsoon_(克服了这种心理).29.Hehasdonesomuchforthepoorinhiscommunitythat_(再怎么赞扬他都不过分).30._(正是由于她太没有经验)thatshedoesnotknowhowtodealwiththesituation.,答案26.eventhoughsomepeopleobjectto/areagainstitopenly27.butIdolearnalotfromhim28.overcameit/gotoverit29.youcantpraisehimenough30.itisbecausesheistooinexperienced,练习题31.Isuggestedhe_（使自己适应）hisnewconditions.32.Whatalovelyparty!Itsworth_(牢记一生).33.Ifyouwontagreetoourplan,_(他们也不会同意).34.Hisremarksleftme_(想知道他的真实目的).35.Ifyouhad_(听从了我的劝告，你就不会陷入麻烦）,答案31.shouldadapthimselfto32.rememberingallmylife33.neitherwillthey34.wonderingabouthisrealpurpose35.followedmyadvice,youwouldnotbeintroublenow.,