CET-4-6写作专题讲座.ppt

CET-4/-6写作专题讲座,1.CET-4/-6：盘点闪亮词汇2.CET-4/-6写作常用词替换3.CET-4/-6高分作文高使用率句式总结4.CET-4/-6作文万能句式5.CET-4/-6写作技巧:观点型作文和应用文6.CET-4/-6写作技巧：作文模板,CET-4/-6：盘点闪亮词汇,举例Take.asanexample.Letstake.asanexample.Agoodcaseinpointisthat.Justthinkof.,which(who).,毫无疑问Undoubtedlyunquestionablybeyonddoubtoutofquestion,从某种意义上来说tosomeextent,整体看来OnthewholeGenerallyspeaking,此外FurthermoreMoreoverBesidesEquallyimportantInadditionto,相反OnthecontraryUnlikeOntheonehandontheotherhandDifferentfrom,CET-4/-6写作常用词替换,1.Anumberof-many/alotof2.Agreatdealof-alotof3.Agreatmany-allotof4.Agreatvarietyof-manykindsof5.Avarietyof-manykindof6.Abundant-sufficient-ampleenough7.Asmallsumoflittlemoney8.Adequate-enough9.Amajorityof-mostof10.Approximatelyalmost,11.Aboveall-themostimportantthing12.accelerateincrease13.Accusesbofdoing-chargesbwithdoing14.Acquire-gain/obtain15.Acquaintance-friend/company16.arehighlycondemned-peoplecriticizeBadly17.advocatecallfor18.adversityhardship19.affordtocanpayfor20.attributetobecauseof,21.Assailedby-troubledby22.Anticipate-foresee/predict/foretell23.Appealtosb-fascinatesb/attractsb24.appealto-callfor25.arisefromoriginatefrom,CET-4高分作文高使用率句式总结,1.表示原因1）Therearethreereasonsforthis.2）Thereasonsforthisareasfollows.3）Thereasonforthisisobvious.4）Thereasonforthisisnotfartoseek.5）Thereasonforthisisthat.6）Wehavegoodreasontobelievethat.,例如：Therearethreereasonsforthechangesthathavetakenplaceinourlife.Firstly，peopleslivingstandardhasbeengreatlyimproved.Secondly，mostpeoplearewellpaid，andtheycanaffordwhattheyneedorlike.Lastbutnotleast，moreandmorepeopleprefertoenjoymodernlife,2.表示好处1）Ithasthefollowingadvantages.2）Itdoesusalotofgood.3）Itbenefitsusquitealot.4）Itisbeneficialtous5）Itisofgreatbenefittous.例如：Booksarelikefriends.Theycanhelpusknowtheworldbetter，andtheycanopenourmindsandwidenourhorizons.Therefore，readingextensivelyisofgreatbenefittous.,3.表示坏处1）Ithasmoredisadvantagesthanadvantages.2）Itdoesusmuchharm.3）Itisharmfultous.例如：However，everythingdividesintotwo.Televisioncanalsobeharmfultous.Itcandoharmtoourhealthandmakeuslazyifwespendtoomuchtimewatchingtelevi-sion.,CET-4/-6作文万能句式,（一）段首句1.关于人们有不同的观点。一些人认为Therearedifferentopinionsamongpeopleasto_.Somepeoplesuggestthat_.2.俗话说（常言道），它是我们前辈的经历，但是，即使在今天，它在许多场合仍然适用。Thereisanoldsaying_.Itstheexperienceofourforefathers，however，itiscorrectinmanycaseseventoday.,3.现在，它们给我们的日常生活带来了许多危害。首先，；其次，。更为糟糕的是。Today,_,whichhavebroughtalotofharmsinourdailylife.First,_Second,_.Whatmakesthingsworseisthat_.4.现在，很普遍，许多人喜欢，因为，另外（而且）。Nowadays，itiscommonto_.Manypeoplelike_because_.Besides，_.,5.任何事物都是有两面性，也不例外。它既有有利的一面，也有不利的一面。Everythinghastwosidesand_isnotanexception，ithasbothadvantagesanddisadvantages.6.关于人们的观点各不相同，一些人认为（说），在他们看来，Peoplesopinionsabout_varyfrompersontoperson.Somepeoplesaythat_.Tothem,_.,7.人类正面临着一个严重的问题，这个问题变得越来越严重。Manisnowfacingabigproblem_whichisbecomingmoreandmoreserious.8.已成为人的关注的热门话题，特别是在年青人当中，将引发激烈的辩论。_hasbecomeahottopicamongpeople，especiallyamongtheyoungandheateddebatesarerightontheirway.,9.在我们的日常生活中起着越来越重要的作用，它给我们带来了许多好处，但同时也引发一些严重的问题。_hasbeenplayinganincreasinglyimportantroleinourday-to-daylife.ithasbroughtusalotofbenefitsbuthascreatedsomeseriousproblemsaswell.,10.根据图表/数字/统计数字/表格中的百分比/图表/条形图/成形图可以看出。很显然，但是为什么呢？Accordingtothefigure/number/statistics/percentagesinthe/chart/bargraph/line/graph，itcanbeseenthat_while.Obviously，_，butwhy?,（二）中间段落句1.相反，有一些人赞成，他们相信，而且，他们认为。Onthecontrary，therearesomepeopleinfavorof_.Atthesametime，theysay_.2.但是，我认为这不是解决的好方法，比如。最糟糕的是。ButIdontthinkitisaverygoodwaytosolve_.Forexample，_.Worstofall，_.,3.对我们国家的发展和建设是必不可少的，（也是）非常重要的。首先，。而且，最重要的是_isnecessaryandimportanttoourcountrysdevelopmentandconstruction.First，_.Whatsmore,_.Mostimportantofall,_.4.有几个可供我们采纳的方法。首先，我们可以。Thereareseveralmeasuresforustoadopt.First,wecan_,5.面临，我们应该采取一系列行之有效的方法来。一方面，另一方面，Confrontedwith_，weshouldtakeaseriesofeffectivemeasuresto_.Foronething，_Foranother，_6.早就应该拿出行动了。比如说，另外。所有这些方法肯定会。Itishightimethatsomethingwasdoneaboutit.Forexample._.Inaddition._.Allthesemeasureswillcertainly_.,7.为什么？第一个原因是；第二个原因是；第三个原因是。总的来说，的主要原因是由于Why_?Thefirstreasonisthat_.Thesecondreasonis_.Thethirdis_.Forallthis,themaincauseof_dueto_.8.然而，正如任何事物都有好坏两个方面一样，也有它的不利的一面，象。However,justlikeeverythinghasbothitsgoodandbadsides,_alsohasitsowndisadvantages,suchas_.,9.尽管如此，我相信更有利。Nonetheless,Ibelievethat_ismoreadvantageous.10.完全同意这种观点（陈述），主要理由如下：Ifullyagreewiththestatementthat_because_.,（三）结尾句1.至于我，在某种程度上我同意后面的观点，我认为AsfarasIamconcerned,Iagreewiththelatteropiniontosomeextent.Ithinkthat_.2.总而言之，整个社会应该密切关注这个问题。只有这样，我们才能在将来。Inaword,thewholesocietyshouldpaycloseattentiontotheproblemof_.Onlyinthiswaycan_inthefuture.,3.但是，和都有它们各自的优势（好处）。例如，而。然而，把这两者相比较，我更倾向于（喜欢）But_and_havetheirownadvantages.Forexample,_,while_.Comparingthiswiththat,however,Ipreferto_.,4.就我个人而言，我相信，因此，我坚信美好的未来正等着我们。因为Personally,Ibelievethat_.Consequently,Imconfidentthatabrightfutureisawaitingusbecause_.,5.随着社会的发展，。因此，迫切需要。如果每个人都愿为社会贡献自已的一份力量，这个社会将要变得越来越好。Withthedevelopmentofsociety,_.Soitsurgentandnecessaryto_.Ifeverymemberiswillingtocontributehimselftothesociety,itwillbebetterandbetter.,6.至于我（对我来说，就我而言），我认为更合理。只有这样，我们才能Formypart,Ithinkitreasonableto_.Onlyinthiswaycanyou_.7.对我来说，我认为有必要。原因如下：第一，；第二，；最后但同样重要的是Inmyopinion,Ithinkitnecessaryto_.Thereasonsareasfollows.First_.Second_.Lastbutnotleast,_.,8.在总体上很难说是好还是坏，因为它在很大程度上取决于的形势。然而，就我个人而言，我发现。Itisdifficulttosaywhether_isgoodornotingeneralasitdependsverymuchonthesituationof_.However,fromapersonalpointofviewfind_.9.综上所述，我们可以清楚地得出结论Fromwhathasbeendiscussedabove,wemayreasonablyarriveattheconclusionthat_.,10.如果我们不采取有效的方法，就可能控制不了这种趋势，就会出现一些意想不到的不良后果，所以，我们应该做的是Ifwecannottakeusefulmeans,wemaynotcontrolthistrend,andsomeundesirableresultmaycomeoutunexpectedly,sowhatweshoulddois_.,CET-4/-6写作技巧：观点型作文和应用文,通过对近年来所有四级作文试题的深入研究，我们把大学英语四级的作文题目大致分成两类：,第一类是观点型作文（Arguments）：这一类的作文题目考察我们的观点及对社会上的一些事情的看法和改进的措施等。如：2002年6月的图表分析题StudentsUseofComputers2003年1月的ItPaystoBeHonest，暗合那几年风靡一时的高考作文题目诚信2006年1月的问我们对CampusTourism（即大学校园成为旅游景点的看法和观点）同年的6月又考察了arguments，是对OnStudentsSelectingLectures，问学生对自己选择任课教师这一问题的辩证性的看法。,可见四级考试更加重视我们自己的perspective即观点，而且一般都是辩证性的观点，考生要格外的注意这一趋势。针对这一趋势，我认为要想突破这一考点，首先一定要学会一些表达观点，特别是辩证观点的句型和词汇。在此给出我的黄金作文模板供大家参考。通常我们可供选用的方式有这么几种：,1.答案统一的，即不辩证的。开头提出观点+第二段论证+总结2.辩证的开头按背景+观点提出有些人的观点；第二段用however或者是yet提出另一部分人的观点；最后一段用personally提出自己的观点及解决方法，最后总结。,（一）选用开头方法：方法一：重述作者的观点，其实就是复述题目加完美的改写。改写方式：主动变被动，替换短语，词组换动词等等。,Nowadays，therehasbeenaheateddebateabout/that当今社会，对于产生了一个激烈的辩论Someofmyfellowstudentsholdtheopinionthat我的一些同学认为然后引出自己的观点：肯定：Frommyperspective（我认为）Iaminclinedtosupporttheideathat（我趋向于同意）否定：Personally，however，Idisagreeuponthisviewforsomeobviousreasons：（但是，我不同意是由于以下几个明显的原因。）,方法二（hot）：背景开头+自己的立场Incontemporarysociety，thereisagrowingtendencyovertheresentyearsforsb（人）todosth.（干什么）最近对有一个增长的趋势。Thisissue/phenomenonhascausedwidepublicconcern.Frommypart，Iaminclinedtosupporttheideathat,（二）第二段的mainpart：相比不加任何序号写一堆理由，用序号要明智的多，所以当然可以用First，second，third（但是不要多于四点）。辩证的可以用ononehandontheotherhand或者Foronethingfortheotherthing还有注意使用连词：and可以换成besides，moreover，furthermore，whatsmore等；递进But换成however，Instead，Onthecontrary，yetSo换成Therefore，Asaresult，thus,另外要会使用一些连词和句子：Personally（就我个人而言），Undoubtedly（毫无疑问的），Obviously（显而易见的），Unfortunately（不幸的是），nevertheless（不过），while（有时又轻微的对比，但是），anyway（无论如何，切话题），inaddition（再者），definitely（很确定的）。However，peopleseemtofailtotakeintoaccountthefactthat。人们似乎忽视了的事实。,ThereisnodenyingthefactthatNoonecandenythefactthat考试大，考试伴你同行Itisindisputable（不容置疑的）that上面的句子都是用于表达你的观点和理由的，套用即可。,（三）总结部分Consequently，duetoanalysisandreasonsmentionedabove，wemaysafelyarriveattheconclusionthat（综合上面的理由和分析，我们能得出结论）Takingintoaccounttheabovefactors，wecandrawaconclusionthat（考虑到上面提到的因素，我们能得出）,另外一类是应用文体（故事类及演说类）2003年6月的写一份目击事故的描述2003年9月描述一位同学病了的故事2004年1月写信2004年6月导游辞2005年1月竞选辞2005年6月TeachersDay故事2006年6月招募志愿者申明，演说2007年6月WelcometoOurClub演说,演说辞类一定要学会一句话：Todayitsmygreathonortobehereto。（今天我很荣幸在这里）还有就是煽动性的排比句：如2007年6月的WelcometoOurClub，用了DoyouhavethequestionsonhowtoovercomethedifficultiesinEnglishlearning？DoyouwanttoknowhowtopasstheCollegeEnglishTest？DoyouwanttoimproveyouroralEnglish？Youwillfindouttheanswersfromouractivities.,还有就是切勿漏点：如还是2007年的这道题，当年很多人忘了写这个club的联系方式。还要注意格式：如信件的格式等。但是同时别忘记，即使是第二类故事类及演说类的文章，也有很多情况下是可以套用我们的Argument的格式及句型的，连词就更加用得多了，切记。,CET-4/-6写作技巧：作文模板,1、对立观点式A.有人认为X是好事，赞成X，为什么？B.有人认为X是坏事，反对X，为什么？C.我的看法。,SomepeopleareinfavoroftheideaofdoingX.Theypointoutthefactthat支持X的第一个原因。Theyalsoarguethat支持X的另一个原因。However,otherpeoplestandonadifferentground.TheyconsideritharmfultodoX.Theyfirmlypointoutthat反对X的第一个理由。Anexamplecangivethedetailsofthisargument:Thereissometruthinbotharguments.ButIthinktheadvantagesofXoverweighthedisadvantages.Inadditiontotheabove-mentionednegativeeffectsitmightbringabout,XalsomayX的有一个坏处。,2、批驳观点式A一个错误观点。B我不同意。,Manypeoplearguethat错误观点。Bysayingthat,theymean对这个观点的进一步解释。Anexampletheyhavepresentedisthat一个例子。(AccordingtoasurveyperformedbyXonagroupofY,almost80%ofthem赞成这个错误观点或者受到这个错误观点的影响)。Theremightbesomeelementoftruthinthesepeoplesbelief.Butifweconsideritindepth,wewillfeelnoreservationtoconcludethat与错误观点相反的观点。Thereareanumberofreasonsbehindmybelief.(以下参照辩论文的议论文写法)。,3、社会问题(现象)式A一个社会问题或者现象B产生的原因C对社会和我们生活的影响D如何杜绝。(如果是问题的话)E前景的预测。,Nowadays,thereexistsanincreasinglyserioussocial/economic/environmentalproblem.(Xhasincreasinglybecomeacommonconcernofthepublic).Accordingtoasurvey,调查内容说明这种现象的情况。(或者是一个例子)。Thereareacoupleofreasonsboomingthisproblem/phenomenon.下面参照辩论式议论文写法。,Xhascausedsubstantialimpactonthesocietyandourdailylife,whichhasbeenarticulatedinthefollowingaspects.参照辩论式议论文的写法。AdozenofmeasuresaresupposedtotaketopreventXfrombringingusmoreharm.同上Basedontheabovediscussions,Icaneasilyforecastthatmoreandmorepeoplewill,辩论式议论文模版（一）Somepeoplebelieve(argue,recognize,think)that观点1.Butotherpeopletakeanoppositeside.Theyfirmlybelievethat观点2.Asforme,Iagreetotheformer/latteridea.Thereareadozenofreasonsbehindmybelief.Firstofall,论据1.Moreimportantly,论据2.Mostimportantofall,论据3.Insummary,总结观点。Asacollegestudent,Iamsupposedto表决心。或Fromabove,wecanpredictthat预测。,辩论式议论文模版（二）PeopleholddifferentviewsaboutX.Somepeopleareoftheopinionthat观点1.Whileotherspointoutthat观点2.AsfarasIamconcerned,theformer/latteropinionholdsmoreweight.Foronething,论据1.Foranother,论据2.Lastbutnottheleast,论据3.Toconclude,总结观点.Asacollegestudent,Iamsupposedto表决心。或Fromabove,wecanpredictthat预测。,辩论式议论文模版（三）ThereisnoconsensusofopinionsamongpeopleaboutX(争论的焦点)。Somepeopleareoftheviewthat观点1.Whileotherstakeanoppositeside,firmlybelievingthat观点2.AsfarasIamconcerned,theformer/latternotionispreferableinmanysenses.Thereasonsareobvious.Firstofall,论据1.Furthermore,论据2.Amongallofthesupportingevidences,oneisthestrongest.Thatis,论据3.Anaturalconclusionfromtheabovediscussionisthat总结观点。Asacollegestudent,Iamsupposedto表决心。或Fromabove,wecanpredictthat预测。,范文一（应用文：书信）在过去几年中，我们已经目睹了人类活动引起的各种灾害。作为一位大学生，请写一封倡议书，呼吁大家关注这些自然灾害并保护环境，内容应包括：1）举出人类活动引发的灾害的实例2）指出一些必要的防范措施3）号召大家行动起来拯救地球,ALetterofAppealJune17,2011Dearfriends,Iamwritingthislettertocalloneveryonetopayattentiontothepresentdisasterscausedbyhumanactivities.Assomeofyoumayknow,overthepastyears,floods,droughts,landslides,andduststormshavefrequentedourplanet.Notlongago,tsunamiswepttheSoutheastAsia,whichcausedenormousdamage.,Allthesehavesoundedanalarmtohumanbeings.Soitishightimethatwejoineffortstosaveourplanet.Aboveall,ataskoftoppriorityforusistoplanttreesasmanyaspossible,especiallyinthearidareas.Atthesametime,weshouldstopdeforestinginlargeamount.Andwecansaveourplanetthroughmanyotherways,suchassavingwaterandusingrecycledpaper.,Sodonthesitatetoactoutthesemeasures.Evenasmallactionismeaningfultoourplanet.Pleasejoinusintheactionofprotectingourplanet.Ifyouarewillingtodosomethingtosaveourplanet,pleasestartfromthelittlethingrightaroundyou.Thankyou!Sincerelyyours,LiMing,范文二（议论文：辩论型）OnlineGames1）现在有一些大学生沉迷于网络游戏，家长和学校对此忧心忡忡2）但有人认为网络游戏并不是一无是处3）你对此的看法是,OnlineGamesAsaproductofmoderncomputerandtheInternet,onlinegameshavebecomeverypopularamongcollegestudents.Manystudentshaveenjoyedgreatpleasureandsatisfactionfromthesegames.Butaswesee,somestudentslackingself-disciplinearetoomuchindulgedinthesegamessothattheirhealthandacademicperformancesareaffected.Thisphenomenonhascausedmuchworryfromtheteachersandparents.,However,someothersarguethatonlinegamesarenotalwaysharmful.Theycantraintheabilityofyoungsterstorespondtothingsquickly.Moreover,theycanstimulatetheirimaginationandtheirinterestincomputerscience.Moreimportantly,itdoesbringcollegestudentsmuchpleasureandreleasetheirpressuregreatly.,Frommypointofview,onlinegamesareawonderfulentertainmentifyouplaytheminacleverway.Whentheyinterferetoomuchwithyourstudy,itisbetterforyoutogivethemupatonce.Butifyouhaveenoughself-controloverthem,youcancertainlyobtainrealpleasureandbenefitalotfromthem.,范文三（议论文：因果分析型）ExtravagantSpendingonCollegeCampus1）据调查显示，现在大学生每月的花销越来越高，很多大学生花钱如流水，根本没有节俭的概念2）分析产生这一现象的原因3）我的看法,ExtravagantSpendingonCollegeCampusAccordingtoasurvey,inrecentyearsthemonthlyexpenditureofacollegestudenthasbeenonthesharprise.Manycollegestudentsspendmoneylikewaterandhavenoconceptofthriftintheirmind.Theytakeitforgrantedthattheyspendmoneyfromtheirparentsbeforetheyenterintothesociety.Thisextravagantspendingismainlycausedbythefollowingfactors.,Firstofall,nowadaysmostofstudentsaretheonlychildrenoftheirfamilies.Theyaretheappleintheirfamilyseyesandnaturallygetmorecareandpocketmoney.Secondly,withtheimprovementoflivingstandard,parentscanaffordhigherexpenditureoftheirchildren.Thirdly,somestudentsliketopursuefashionandtrends,whichtendstoneedmoremoney.Finally,campusloveisalsoapossiblefactorcausingextravagantspending.,Frommypointofview,acollegestudent,asapureconsumer,shouldlearntobethrifty.Weshouldlimitourexpenditureondailynecessitiesbutnotbuywhateverwewantregardlessoftheirprices.Thehabitofthriftcanhelpusformrightvaluesandisfavorabletoourfuturedevelopment.,HASTEMAKESWASTE.,PRACTICEMAKESPERFECT.,