资源描述
Module 6 Eating together模块语法专练被动语态英语中有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。1.构成规则。时态结构一般现在时am/is/are+动词的过去分词一般过去时was/were+动词的过去分词一般将来时shall/will/be going to+be+动词的过去分词现在完成时has/have+been+动词的过去分词含有情态动词的被动语态情态动词+be+动词的过去分词2.被动语态与主动语态相互转换的注意事项。(1)分清动作的执行者和承受者,即分清主动语态和被动语态。如果为被动语态,按照不同时态的被动语态规则进行变化。例如:We heard a strange noise yesterday evening.昨天晚上我们听到了一个奇怪的声音。(主动语态)A strange noise was heard(by us) yesterday evening.昨天晚上一个奇怪的声音被(我们)听到了。(被动语态,hear为及物动词)(2)通常只有及物动词才有被动语态,但一些不及物动词加上介词或副词构成动词短语后也可有被动语态,此时该动词短语不可分割,我们不能丢掉后面的介词或副词。(3)主动语态中使役动词make,let,have等和感官动词see,feel,hear等后常接不带to的不定式,但在被动语态中,常将to还原。例如:The boss made the children work over twelve hours every day in the past.在过去,老板让孩子们每天工作超过12个小时。(主动语态)The children were made to work over twelve hours every day (by the boss) in the past.在过去,孩子们被(老板)要求每天工作超过12个小时。(被动语态)(4)带双宾语的主动语态变为被动语态时,可将其中的一个宾语变为被动语态的主语,另一个不变。一般是把间接宾语变为被动语态的主语,如把直接宾语变为被动语态的主语,则在间接宾语前加介词for或者to。例如:我的妈妈在我10岁生日那天送了我一件礼物。My mother gave me a present on my tenth birthday.(主动语态)I was given a present by my mother on my tenth birthday.(被动语态,间接宾语作主语)A present was given to me by my mother on my tenth birthday.(被动语态,直接宾语作主语).单项填空(B)1.Look at our new school.Itlast year.A.builtB.was builtC.is builtD.will be built(D)2.Justin is very surprised that all the houses in the villagewhite.A.paintB.paintedC.are paintingD.are painted(C)3.In order to make our city more beautiful,more trees and flowersevery year.A.will plantB.should plantC.should be plantedD.plant(A)4.free breakfastsin all schools in China?No,not yet.Only in the rural areas.A.Are;servedB.Do;serveC.Are;madeD.Do;make(B)5.Food safety is very important.So some rulesto stop people from polluting food.A.must makeB.must be madeC.must madeD.be made.根据句意用所给词的适当形式填空1.Claudia,are you going to Jeffs birthday party on Saturday?Unless Iam invited(invite).2.I am afraid that I cant finish the task successfully.Dont worry.Youwill be given(give) plenty of time to do it.3.When Timwas asked(ask) why he was late for school,he just kept silent.4.If youare given(give) something you dont like,it shouldbe pushed(push) to the edge of the plate.5.Selina was often heardto sing(sing) in the next room.
展开阅读全文