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Unit 13 Were trying to save the earth!Section B (3a-self check)【重点讲练】1. Which parts need to be improved? 哪些部分需要被改善？辨析：need to be done; need doing与need to do need doing=need to be done 需要被现在分词doing表被动“需要被做”，相当于need to be done。 My watch needs repairing. =My watch needs to be repaired.我的表需要修了。 need后加不定式，证明need为实义动词，而非情态动词，这时need有人称和数的变化。 He needs to get up early. 他需要早起。【小试牛刀】单项选择。Something is wrong with my car. It needs _. A. repairB. to repairC. repairingD. to be repair 2. What or who is causing these problems? 什么或谁将会导致这些问题？cause用作动词，当“引起，造成，使得”讲。一般指引起或造成不好的结果。 cause sb. sth.= cause sth. to sb.(后接间接宾语+直接宾语)为固定用法。He caused his parents much trouble.= He caused much trouble to his parents. 他给父母带来很多烦恼。【小试牛刀】改为同义句。It caused him lots of worries. It caused lots of worries _ him. 【达标训练】I. 单项选择1. My alarm clock doesnt work. It needs _. A. to be repairedB. repairC. to repairD. for repairing 2. His death was _ by a high fever. A. spreadB. causedC. gotD. showed 3. His mother _ a worker in that factory. A. used to beB. usedC. used to beingD. used be 4. Your classroom is very clean.Sure. It _ after school every day.A. is cleaned B. cleans C. cleaned D. is cleaning5. Hes never stolen anything before, _he? _. Its his second time to be taken to the police station. A. hasnt; YesB. has; YesC. has; NoD. is; No II. 将下面的句子改为同义句。1. Both Tom and I were in the school library yesterday. _ _ Tom _ _ I was in the school library yesterday. 2. Reading in bed does harm to your eyes. Reading in bed _ _ _ your eyes. 3. The old car caused me lots of trouble. The old car caused _ _ trouble _ me. 4. He spent ten yuan on the book. He _ ten yuan _ the book. 5. My hair needs cutting. My hair needs _ _ _. 专题复习【语法点拨】本单元复习现在进行时、used to句型、被动语态、现在完成时和情态动词。现在进行时（1）含义：表示正在发生或进行的动作。（2）基本结构：主语 + be + 现在分词（be 的形式随主语的变化而变化）（3）基本用法：表示现在正在进行的动作。特征：常常与now或具体的时间连用，有时句中会有感官动词来提示，或通过上下文来暗示。表示现阶段一直进行的动作。这类动词常常是延续性动词。常于at present, this week, these days等连用。表示主语的特征、性格、能力等。现在完成时（1）含义：表示过去发生的动作对现在还有影响。（2）基本结构：主语 + have / has + 过去分词（3）基本用法：表示过去发生的动作，但强调对现在产生影响。特征：不能与表示具体的时间状语连用。表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态一直延续到现在，还可能继续下去。常常与since, for, in the past + 时间名词，in the last +时间名词等时间状语连用，而且谓语动词要求是延续性动词。表示一种“经历或体验”，即可以表示经历过也可以是从来都没有经历过。被动语态初中阶段我们学习了七种被动结构，归纳如下：（1）一般现在时是被动语态：am / is / are + 过去分词（2）现在完成时的被动式： have / has + been + 过去分词（3）现在进行时的被动式：am/ is/ are + being + 过去分词（4）一般过去时的被动式：was / were + 过去分词（5）过去进行时的被动式：was / were + being + 过去分词（6）过去完成时的被动式：had + been + 过去分词（7）一般将来时的被动式：will / be going to be+ 过去分词（8）含有情态动词的被动式：情态动词+be +动词的过去分词。情态动词情态动词表示说话人对某一动作或状态的态度，如认为“可能”、“应当”、“必要”等。情态动词本身有一定的意义，但不能单独作谓语，也没有人称和数的变化。后面一般跟动词原形。used to 结构used to意为“过去常常做某事”，指的是过去的习惯性动作，目的在于与现在形成对照。used to是个情态动词，其中的to是不定式符号，后面跟动词原形。在美式英语中。它的疑问式是：Did 主语use to do sth？否定式是：主语didnt use。在英式英语中，它的疑问式应当是：Used 主语to sth？否定式应当是used not to或use（d）nt to。He used to stay up late. 他过去常熬到很晚。【实战演练】I. 用所给词的适当形式填空。1. The old man used _ (be) a teacher. 2. We should _ (clean) the room every day. 3. Look! Tom _ (sleep) in his room. 4. Lots of trees _ (plant) on the hill every year. 5. He _ (live) here for 20 years. II. 单项选择。1. He promised to pick me up at the school gate. However, he _ yet. A. didnt arrive B. doesnt arrive C. isnt arriving D. hasnt arrived2. Ba Jin, one of the greatest writers in China, _ as “Peoples Writer”.A. is regarded B. has regarded C. is regarding D. regards3. Where is Tom? He _ in his room. A. is readingB. readsC. readD. was reading 4. May I go out now, Dad? No. You _ let your mother know first. A. can B. may C. need D. must5. Her son _ Coke, but now he _ milk.A. used to drink ; is used to drinking B. used to drinking ; drinksC. is used to drinking ; used to drink D. is used to drink ; is drinking【写作演练】话题导入本单元以“谈论污染和环境保护”为话题，围绕这一话题谈论人们在日常生活中应该如何保护环境。这也是单元测试和中考等试题中常考的话题作文之一。【习作在线】保护人类共同的家园地球是每个人的责任和义务。我们在生活中的点滴小事上也能做出自己的贡献。根据表格内容，谈一谈曾经为保护环境做过哪些努力，将来还打算如何去做。要求： 1. 词数不少于50词； 2. 开头已给出，不计入总词数； 3. 意思连贯，条理清晰，适当发挥。turn off the lights when you leave a roomturn off the shower while washing hairstop using paper napkins take your own bags when shoppingstop riding in carsride a bikerecycle books and paper【中考全练】1. Its getting dark. Please _ the light. A. turn on B. turn off C. turn down D. turn around2. How does Jack usually go to work?He _ drive a car, but now he _ there to lose weight.A. used to; is used to walk B. was used to; is used to walkingC. was used to; is used to walk D. used to; is used to walking3. In the last ten month, September Miracle(奇迹)_on CCTV for more than five times and is popular all over the country. A. has played the piano B. has given out their song disks C .has written songs D. has performed4.Not only my friends but also I_ interested in football and Messi is our favorite star.A. be B. am C. is D. are5. At present, one of the best ways to study is working in groups. More chances _ to students to learn from each other. A. offer B. are offered C. have offered D. are offering Section B (3a-self check)【重点讲练】1. C2. to 【达标训练】I. 1.A sth. needs to be done 意为“某物需要被”。2. B cause 意为“引起；造成”。句意：他的死亡是由高烧引起的。3. A used to do sth.意为“过去常用常做某事”。4. A 由时间状语every day可推断出用一般现在时；it指代classroom，是动作的承受者，所以用被动语态。5. B 由时间状语before可推断出用现在完成时，never是表示否定意义的副词，所以附加疑问句用肯定形式；再根据答语的后半部分可推断出“他以前偷过东西”；横线上用yes。 II. 1.Not only but also 2. is harmful to 3. lots of to 4. paid for 5. to be cut 专题复习【语法点拨】I. 1.to be 2. clean 3. is sleeping 4. are planted 5. has lived II. 1. D“他还没有出现”表示从过去某个时间开始持续到现在状态，应当用现在完成时。2. A 句子的主语Ba Jin是动作的承受者，应当用被动语态。 3. A 指“他(说话时) 正在房间里看书”。4. D must 意为“必须”；句意：你必须先让你妈知道。5. A used to do sth. 意为“过去常常做某事”；be used to doing sth. 意为“习惯于做某事”；句意：她的儿子过去常喝可乐，但是他出在习惯喝牛奶了。【写作演练】Its our duty to protect the earth. I always turn off the lights when I leave a room. While I am washing my hair, I usually turn off the shower. Besides, if I want to shop, I always take my own bags instead of using plastic bags. I have decided to do more things to protect our earth, such as recycling books and paper and stopping riding in cars.【中考全练】1. A turn on 意为“打开”；句意：天黑了，请开灯。2. A used to do sth. 意为“过去常常做某事”；be used to doing sth. 意为“习惯于做某事”；句意：Jack如何去上班？他过去常开车，但是现在他习惯步行去上班以便减肥。3. D“九月奇迹”是一个歌唱组合，所以应当是在中央电视台表演。4. B not only but also 引导的并列成分作用主语时，谓语动词与but also后面的主语在数上保持一致。5. B 主语more chances是动作的承受者，所以用被动语态。
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