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.单词聚焦1_adj.每年的2_n.深度3_adj.极端的，极度的4_v.使平衡5_n.(对某地区的)勘查6_adj.商业的,annual,depth,extreme,balance,exploration,commercial,7_v.促进，增进8_adj.强烈的9_adj.轻便的；便携的10_n.毫米；千分之一米11_adj.不正常的，反常的12_n.缺乏；没有13_n.最少量；最小数14_n.紧急情况；突发事件,promote,intense,portable,millimetre,abnormal,absence,minimum,emergency,15_adj.常规的；普通的16_n.生态；生态学17_n.荣幸18_v.对待如朋友19_n.可靠性20_n.鼓舞；启示；灵感,conventional,ecology,privilege,befriend,reliability,inspiration,.短语扫描1_average平均2_theformof以形式3setfoot_进入，到达4come_sight进入视野5comeup_想出；找出,on,in,on,into,with,6keeponesspirits_精神抖擞7discouragesb._doingsth.阻止某人做某事8in_of如果；假使9_greatdetail详细地10_arisk冒险,up,from,case,in,take,.原句突破1Coveringabout14millionsquarekilometresaroundtheSouthPole，itis_(是世界第五大洲)【答案】thefifthlargestcontinentintheworld,2It_(Shackleton花费了17天的时间才到达)SouthGeorgia.【答案】tookShackleton17daystoreach3YetAntarcticaisfullofwildlife，_(它们已经适应了那里极其恶劣的条件)【答案】whichhasadaptedtoitsextremeconditions,4SincemostAntarcticrocksaredarkincolour，they_(在白色冰雪的映衬下格外显眼)andareeasytoidentifyandcollect.【答案】standoutagainstthewhitebackground5Butwhenlandcameintosight，theEndurance_(陷在冰块里并开始解体)andbegantobreakup.【答案】becametrappedintheice,stateC状态，情况，形势bein/getintoastate兴奋，紧张，焦虑Thebuildingwasinabadstate.那栋建筑物情况很糟。,Hewasinapoorstateofhealth.他的健康状况不佳。Lookatthestateofyou！Youcantgooutlookinglikethat.看看你这副样子，你可不能就这么出去。Hewasquiteinastate.他十分激动/紧张。,vt.陈述，表明，说出，声明Stateyournameandaddress，please.请说出你的名字和地址。ThePrimeMinisterstatedthathewouldvisitCanadathenextyear.首相声明明年他将访问加拿大。,1.Schoolchildrenmustbetaughthowtodealwithdangerous_.AStatesBconditionsCsituationsDpositions,【解析】句意为：学生必须接受如何应付危险情况的教育。states状态，状况，情况。如：aconfusedstateofmind思绪纷乱。conditions(居住、工作或做事情的)环境，条件。如：livingconditions生活条件。situations情况；状况，形势，局面。如：beinadifficultsituation处境困难。positions位置，方位。如：Fromhispositionontheclifftop，hehadagoodviewoftheharbour.他站在悬崖之巅，海港景色一览无遗。根据各项中单词的不同应用，结合整个句子。【答案】C,promotev促进；促销；提升；晋升promotesb.(fromsth.)tosth.把某人(从某职位)提升到某职位bepromotedto.被升为promotedevelopment/understanding促进发展/加深了解Theorganizationworkstopromotefriendshipbetweenthetwonations.该组织为了促进两国之间的友谊而工作。,Thecompanywaspromotingtheirnewproductsontelevision.这家公司正在电视上宣传他们的新产品。Theseseriesofpolicieswillpromoteeconomicgrowth.这一系列的政策将会促进经济增长。Imhappytoinformyouthatyouhavebeenpromotedtocaptain.我很高兴地告诉你，你已经被提升为上尉了。,promotionn促进，发扬，提升(拔)，晋升；促销产品get/win/gainpromotion得到/争取晋升Theyworkedforthepromotionofworldpeace.他们为促进世界和平而努力。Congratulationsonyourpromotion.祝贺你提升。,2.Hehasbeen_togeneralmanagerbecauseofhisexcellentworkinthecompany.AproposedBproducedCpromotedDProgrammed【解析】句意为：由于他在公司里的出色表现，他被提升到了总经理的位置上。promote“提升”符合句意。propose建议；produce生产；program计划，均与句意不符。【答案】C,trapvt.把困在，使陷于(尤指危险之地)；使落网betrappedin被困在trapsb.into(doing)sth.用计捕捉某人或使某人上当Shewastrappedintheburninghouse.她被困在燃烧着的房子里了。,Twentyminersweretrappedundergroundafterthefire.起火后有二十名矿工被困在地下。IwastrappedintoadmittingthatIhadlied.我中了圈套，承认自己撒谎了。,n.陷阱，困境，圈套set/layatrap布好陷阱becaughtinatrapof.陷入的困境Iknewperfectlywellitwasatrap.我很清楚那是一个陷阱。Thepolicesetatrapforthethieves.警察设下了圈套捉小偷。Hewascaughtinatrapofpoverty.他陷入了贫困的窘境。,3._inlovelessmarriages，manywomenfeelthatlifeiscolorless.ATotrapBTrappingCTrappedDTobetrapped【解析】句意为：很多妇女陷入没有爱情的婚姻而感到生活没有色彩。此处trap与逻辑主语manywomen之间为动宾关系，故用过去分词作原因状语。【答案】C,discouragev阻止；使丧失勇气，打消的念头IleavealightonwhenImouttodiscourageburglars.我出门时开着灯以防夜盗闯入。Studentssoongetdiscouragedifyoucriticizethemtoooften.如果你批评学生次数太多的话，他们很快就会泄气的。,Theraindiscouragedusfromgoingout.雨打消了我们外出的念头。Herparentsdiscourageherfromjoiningtheairforce.她的父母劝她不要参加空军。Dontbediscouragedbythefirstfailuretryagain!第一次失败，别灰心丧气再试一次。,(1)discouragedadj.感到泄气的discouragingadj.令人泄气的discouragementn沮丧，气馁，泄气，使人泄气的事物(2)encouragevt.鼓励encouragesb.todosth.鼓励某人做某事discouragesb.fromdoingsth.劝某人不要做某事,4.Peopleshould_theirchildren_beingaddictedtocomputergamesbut_themtostudyscientificknowledge.Aencourage；to；discourageBdiscourage；to；encourageCencourage；from；discourageDdiscourage；from；encourage,【解析】句意为：父母应当阻止孩子沉溺于电脑游戏，但要鼓励他们学习科学知识。discouragesb.fromdoingsth.劝阻某人做某事；encouragesb.todosth.鼓励某人做某事。【答案】D,privilegen荣幸；光荣；特权；权利；优惠待遇enjoyprivileges享受特权Ihopetohavetheprivilegeofworkingwiththemagain.但愿有幸与他们再度合作。,Educationshouldbeauniversalrightandnotaprivilege.教育应当是全民的权利而非某些人的特权。Itwasaprivilegetohearhersing.听她唱歌是一桩很荣幸的事。,privilegedadj.有特权的theprivilegedclasses特权阶级Asthemembersofthecompany，sometimeswecanenjoytheprivileges.作为公司员工，有时我们可以享受一些特权。Iamprivilegedtohaveadistinguishedguestwithmetonight.我今晚有幸与一位贵宾在一起。,5.Itsagreat_toknowyou，aworldfamousphysicsscientist.AprecautionBprivilegeCprivacyDprescription【解析】privilege“荣幸”符合句意。precaution预防，警戒；privacy隐居，隐私，秘密；prescription处方，药方，均与句意不符。【答案】B,adaptto(adjustto)适应(新环境等)adaptoneselftosth.使某人适应(新环境等)WhenhemovedtoChina，thechildrenadaptedtothechangeverywell.他移居中国后孩子们很快适应了变化。,Hecouldnotadapthiswayoflifetothecompany.他的生活方式无法适应公司的要求。Shealwaysadaptedeasilytonewcircumstances.她总是很容易使自己适应新的环境。,adaptvt.改编，改装adaptanovel(play)改编小说(剧本)adaptsth.(forsth.)修改某事物；使某事物适合于新的用途、情况等Difficultbooksaresometimesadaptedforuseinschools.难度大一点的书有时候在很多学校会修改后使用。,6.Thestudentsmustmastertheknowledgeandskillsnecessaryforthemto_thesocialcircumstances.AsticktoBadapttoCrefertoDleadto【解析】adaptto适应，适合；stickto坚持；referto参阅；leadto通向，导致。【答案】B,setfooton/in.踏上，进入，到达，涉足Nobodyhaseversetfootonthelonelyisland.从未有人踏上过那座孤岛。Ivowednevertosetfootintheplaceagain.我发誓再不去那个地方了。Itoldhimnevertosetfootin/onmyhouseagain.我告诉他再也别踏进我家的门。,setabout(doingsth.)开始；着手做某事setouttodosth.着手做某事setoff动身/出发/开始做某事(后接不定式)；使爆炸setaside/apart留出，存储，放在一边setup竖起来，建立；创(纪录)Wewillsetaboutpreparingsupper.我们要开始准备晚饭了。,Eachmonthshetriedtosetasidepartofhersalary.每个月她都设法留出工资的一部分。Theybothhavesetoffonajourneyroundtheworld.他们俩已踏上周游世界的旅程了。Letssetupthetentfirst.我们先把帐篷搭起来。,7.NorwegiancalledCarstensBorchgrevinkbecamethefirstmanto_theAntarcticmainland.AsetforthBsetupCsetfootonDsetoff,【解析】setforth意为“启程”；setup意为“建立”；setfooton意为“到达”；setoff意为“动身；使爆炸”。句意为“第一个到达南极洲大陆的人”。【答案】C,comeinto/insight进入视野，出现，看到Wellfireassoonastheenemycomeintosight.敌人一进入视野我们就开火。Soonthetruckcameintosightaroundabendonanupgrade.不一会儿卡车就出现在斜坡的一个拐弯处。,(1)at(the)sightof一看见(某人/某物)就TheyalllaughedatthesightofoldJohnsondancingwithagirlofsixteen.他们看到老约翰逊与一位十六岁的女孩跳舞，全都大笑。Wearenotyetoutofsightofland.我们仍可看见陆地。,(3)catchsightof发现，突然看到Ifyouevercatchsightofhimanywhere，callthepolice.如果你在任何地方看见他，就去报警。(4)losesightof看不见，忽略，失去的音信Wecannotlosesightofthefactthatshehascomebackwiththedangerousanimal.我们切不可忽略她带着那危险的动物回来的事实。,8.(2008年天津卷)Attherailwaystation，themotherwavedgoodbyetoherdaughteruntilthetrainwas_.AoutofsightBoutofreachCoutoforderDoutofplace,【解析】句意为：在车站，母亲向女儿挥手告别直到火车从她的视野中消失。outofsight看不见，在视野之外；outofreach够不到，力所不能及的；outoforder混乱的；outofplace不适合的，不恰当的。【答案】A,incaseof如果；假使；万一Wewontgothereincaseofraintomorrow.如果明天下雨，我们就不去那里了。Incaseoffire，breaktheglassandpushthealarmbutton.发生火灾的时候，打破玻璃，按下警报器的按钮。,(1)incase假如，以免(防)(常引导条件状语从句)Youhadbettertakeyourumbrellaincaseitrains.你最好带把雨伞，以防天下雨。(2)innocase无论如何；决不(innocase置于句首时，句子用部分倒装)Wewillinnocaseusenuclearweaponsfirst.无论如何我们都不会首先使用核武器。,(3)inanycase在任何情况下，总之Wecantbelateinanycase.在任何情况下我们都不能迟到。(4)inthis/thatcase如果这样/那样的话，在这种/那种情况下Ifyoucomelateagain，youwillbedismissed.Inthatcase，youwillbehelpless.如果你再迟到一次，就会被解雇的。那样的话，没有人能帮你的忙。,9.(2007年重庆卷)Myparentsliveinasmallvillage.Theyalwayskeepcandlesinthehouse_thereisapowercut.AifBunlessCincaseDsothat,【解析】本题考查incase引导的条件状语从句。根据句意，后半句意为“以防停电”。incase以防，以免。【答案】C,10(2007年天津卷)_fire，allexitsmustbekeptclear.AInplaceofBInsteadofCIncaseofDInspiteof【解析】句意为：为防火灾，所有疏散通道务必畅通。A.inplaceofB.insteadof(取代，替代)。D.inspiteof(尽管)。只有C.incaseof(以防)符合题意。【答案】C,11(2005年浙江卷)ImafraidMrWoodcantseeyouuntil4oclock.Oh，_Iwontwait.AnodoubtBafterallCinthatcaseDinthisway,【解析】此题考查短语的用法。nodoubt毫无疑问，afterall毕竟，inthatcase要是那样的话，inthisway用这种方法。答语为“要是那样的话我就不等了”。【答案】C,Becarefultoleavenothingbutfootprints.注意，除了脚印，别留下任何东西。(1)nothingbut是习惯用语，在此表示“只有；不过是”，含义相当于only。but常与带否定意义的词连用。Wecouldseenothingbuttrees.我们只看见一些树。Heisnothingbutachild.他只不过是个孩子。,(2)nothingbut还可表示“除之外别无”，后面接动词时，表示“只有做”，该动词通常用不带to的动词不定式(即动词原形)。IdidnothingbutwatchTVlastnight.昨晚我除了看电视什么都没做。,but后面的动词不定式符号to的使用与否取决于前面的句子。如果句子前面有实义动词do及其变化形式时，不定式不带to；否则不定式带to。thereisnothingtodobutdosth.只得做某事havenochoicebuttodosth.除了别无选择,Hecoulddonothingbutgototheteacherforadvice.他只有去找老师请教。Iwantednothingbuttogetmyshareofpay.我什么都不要，只要我该得的那份工资。Ihadnochoicebuttoaccepthisdemand.除了接受他的要求，我别无选择。,12.LastnightIdidnothingbut_myfarmtools.ArepairBrepairingCtorepairDrepaired【答案】A,.单词拼写1Youdbetterwearahat，oryoullgets_.【答案】sunburnt2IhaventstartedwritingthearticleyetImstillwaitingfori_.【答案】inspiration,3Ime_sorrytohavetroubledyou.【答案】extremely4TheSouthPoleisnti_byanyoneuptonow.【答案】inhabited5Christmasisana_festivalformostofthepeopleintheworld.【答案】annual,6Itisa_foramantowearwomensclothes.【答案】abnormal7Studentssoongetd_ifyoucriticizethemtoooften.【答案】discouraged8The_(最低的)temperatureinwinterinmyhometownisupto20.【答案】minimum,9Medicalassistanceisavailableincaseofan_(紧急情况)【答案】emergency10Itwasa_(荣幸)tomakehisacquaintance.【答案】privilege,.短语运用incaseof，nothingbut，dueto，intheabsenceof，comeintosight，keepbalance，standout，setfooton，notuntil，keeponespromise11Themanwastooweak_inthewind.【答案】tokeepbalance,12_oil，thecouplehavetowalktoworkinsteadofridingacar.【答案】Intheabsenceof13Whodoyouthinkwasthefirstperson_Australia?【答案】tosetfooton14Takeanumbrella_rainthisafternoon.【答案】incaseof,15Itwas_darkthathearrivedhome.【答案】notuntil16Thatdressismakingyou_inthecrowd，soeveryonecanrecognizeyou.【答案】standout17Asmalltown_asweturnedthecorner.【答案】cameintosight,18Thereis_asmallcardinthebox.【答案】nothingbut19Themerchantishonestandalways_.【答案】keepshispromise20Theprojecthadtobeabandonedlargely_alackofgovernmentfunding.【答案】dueto,.完成句子21她费了很大劲才适应了这艰苦的环境。Shehadsomedifficulty_.【答案】inadaptingtothehardenvironment,22过小桥时，我尽力保持平衡。Itriedto_thesmallbridge.【答案】keepmybalancewhenIcrossed,23我确信哈利会记得的，但为以防万一，为什么不给他打个电话呢？ImsureHarrywillremember，butwhynot_？【答案】givehimaringjustincase,24你应该权衡一下利弊。Youshould_againstthedisadvantages.【答案】balancetheadvantages25我国正在努力吸引外资来发展国民经济。Ournationistryingtoattractforeigninvestmentto_.【答案】promoteournationaleconomy,
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