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2019-2020年中考英语解题策略 词汇运用 词汇是学好一种语言的重要基础和保证,是中考英语试题中常见的题型之一。该题难度虽然不大,但却是容易失分的题型之一。究其原因,一是英语单词繁多庞杂,它们之间的转换纵横交错; 二是审题不够仔细,混淆了那些相近或相似的单词。 【题型特点】词汇运用主要考查学生识词、记词和用词的能力,测试的重点放在那些字母读音不规则、容易混淆、易漏写或错写的单词上。考查的题型主要有三类:1.根据中文提示写单词;2.根据句子意思,用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空;3.根据句意和首字母提示写出单词。题型1(南京中考)根据括号中所给的汉语写出单词,使句子意思完整正确。1. The school library is_(开放的) Monday through Friday,9 a. m to 6 p.m.2. I often_(买)gifts for my parents on their birthdays.3 .The children all_ (跳)with joy when they heard the good news.4. Where are you going to put your_(自行车)?Its so crowded here.5Some teenagers dont know how to_(处理)with their personal problems and they often go to therapy.【解题技巧】题1的意思是“开放的”,可以确定是形容词原形形式,由此可知答案为open 。题2的意思是“买”,由前面的often,可知本句用一般现在时,主语是第一人称,因此答案为buy。题3的意思是.“.跳”,根据后面句子的heard这个词可知本句用一般过去时。由此可知答案为jumped,题4的意思是“自行车”,这是个名词,因此需要注意是否要用复数形式。根据整个句子可知本题单复数形式都行。由此可知答案为bike(s)/bicycle(s) 题5的意思是“处理”,结合整个句子可知词性是动词,再由前面的how to可知要用原形形式。且由how可知答案为deal。题型2(南京中考)根据句子意思,用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。1. 1f you dont tell me what the problem is, I cant _ (help) you.2. Miss Li is a kind teacher and she always talks to us_(gentle).3. The teacher told us that the gravity on Mars _ (be) only about three-eighth of that on Earth.4. Mr. Black has been in China for three years and now he is used to_(eat) Chinese food.5. The Eiffel Tower, a cultural icon of France, was pleted at the end of the_ (nineteen) century.6. It is worth_ (mention) that Nanjing has entered Top 10 Appealing Chinese Cities.【解题技巧】题1中的help是动词,前面有情态动词,所以用原形形式,由此可知答案为:help.题2空格处所填词修饰动词talks,因此肯定是副词形式。由此可知答案为:gently.题3空格处在句中作谓语,其形式就由主语the gravity来定,由于宾语从句中所说是客观真理,所以要用一般现在时。由此可知答案为:is.题4空格前的is used to是“习惯于”的意思,be used to doing sth.是固定搭配。由此可知答案为:eating.题5空格前后的意思是“在十九世纪末”,空格处要用序数词。由此可知答案为:nineteenth/19th,题6中的is worth意为“值得”。be worth doing sth.这是固定结构。由此可知答案为:mentioning.题型3(黄石中考)根据句意和首字母提示,补全各小题单词。1. Please give me a hand. Im not tall e_ to reach the book on the top of the bookshelf.2. We must f_ the teachers instructions when we are in the lab.3. He has some t_ understanding what his teacher says because of his poor English.4. It is usually very hot in June, but s_ it can be cool.5. Dont disturb him. He is busy w_ an important report.【解题技巧】题1的句意是:请帮帮我,我不_高,够不到暑假的顶部。将整个句子结合在一起理解,再联系首字母可知此处表示不够高。由此可知答案为:enough。题2的句意,特别是关键词 instructions, 再结合首字母可知此处应是follow, 由于前面是情态动词must,所以要用原形形式。由此可知答案为:follow 。由题3后面的because of his poor English(他的英语很差),可知前面说的是理解他的老师所说的有困难。再结合首字母可知此处是trouble,由于trouble是不可数名词,由此可知答案为:trouble.题4前面的句子的意思是在六月,天气常常非常热,后面的句意为: 天气可能凉爽。综合两句的意思及but和首字母的信息可知此处应为sometimes.由题5中的关键词report,并结合首字母可知此处是“写”的意思,再看空格前面的关键词is busy“忙于”,be busy doing sth.这是固定搭配。由此可知答案为:writing. 【方法点拨】如何做词汇运用题: 1.通读全句,确定意思。 2.根据成分或结构,判断词性。 3.前后兼顾,依据成分及词性对单词形式作适当变化。 4.全面考虑,不忘大小写。
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