2019年高中英语 Unit 5 第一学时 Reading and Comprehension同步检测 新人教版必修5.doc

2019年高中英语 Unit 5 第一学时 Reading and prehension同步检测 新人教版必修5It is important for people to learn some knowledge about first aid in our daily life. If a person has an accident, he needs medical care before a doctor can be found. When giving/performing first aid, you must pay attention to three things.First, when a person stops breathing, open his/her mouth and see if there is food at the bulk of his/her mouth. Second, if a person cannot breathe, do your best to start his/her breathing at once, using a mouthtomouth way. Third, if a person is hurt badly, try at once to stop the bleeding. Then take him/her to a doctor. Usually, many accidents may happen at home. All parents should know first aid in order to deal with mon injuries which may happen to their children. When a person is bitten by an animal, wash the wound with cold running water before he/she is taken to see a doctor. When a person is burnt, wash and cool the area of the skin under the cold tap for a while. Then put a piece of dry clean cloth over the burn. If the person is badly burnt, take him/her to the doctor. If a person cuts his/her finger, clean it and put a piece of paper round the cut. So everybody should know some first aid knowledge to save other peoples lives timely. 一、请将课文译成汉语，然后参照“助读译文”自主勘误。助读译文：烧伤的急救皮肤是身体必不可少的部分，也是身体的最大器官。皮肤有三层，可以防病、防毒、抵御太阳有害光线的侵害。皮肤的功能也是非常复杂的：它还可以保暖或御寒，保持体内水分。正是皮肤使你感到冷热、疼痛，它还使你有触觉。因此，你可以想象到，如果你的皮肤烧伤了，就可能非常严重。在治疗烧伤的过程中，紧急处理是非常重要的第一步。烧伤的原因：你可能由于下列原因而烧伤：灼热的液体、水蒸气、火、辐射(由于靠近高温或大火)，太阳、电和化学物品。烧伤的种类：烧伤有三类：根据皮肤烧伤的层次而有一度烧伤、二度烧伤和三度烧伤。一度烧伤：只损伤皮层的最上层。烧伤并不严重，应当在一两天内就有好转。例如轻度的晒伤，由于短暂接触热锅，炉子或烙铁而导致的烧伤。 二度烧伤：既损伤了皮肤的最上层，又损伤了皮质的第二层。这类烧伤属于严重的烧伤，需数星期才能痊愈。例如，严重的晒伤和灼热的液体所造成的烧伤。三度烧伤：所有三层皮质以及皮下的组织和器官都受到损害。例如由电击引起的烧伤，因衣服起火引起的烧伤，或因汽油起火引起的烧伤。这些烧伤都属于严重烧伤，受伤者必须立即送往医院。烧伤的特性：一度烧伤：干燥、发红、微肿微痛受压时变白二度烧伤：粗糙、发红、肿胀起水泡表面有水极其疼痛 三度烧伤：黑，白和焦炭色相间肿胀，可看到皮下组织若损坏了神经，则没有疼痛或很少疼痛，或者在创面四周有疼感急救处理：1除非衣服粘贴在烧伤面上，否则都要把它脱掉。如果需要的话，可以使用剪刀。靠近创面的其他衣物和首饰也都要取掉。2马上用凉水给伤口冲凉，但不能用冰水。最好是把烧伤的部位放在慢速流动的自来水下冲洗大约10分钟。(凉水可以阻止烧伤的进程，可以止痛，还可以防止或消除肿胀)。三度烧伤不可用冷水冲。3对于一度烧伤的患者，要把清凉的湿布放在烧伤面上，直到疼痛感较轻时为止。对于二度烧伤，要保持湿布清凉，需把湿布放回冷水中，拧出水后再放在烧伤面上，这样要反反复复地做一个小时左右，直到不太痛时为止。 4轻轻地把烧伤面弄干，但不要擦拭，因为这样做会擦破水泡，伤口会感染。5用干而清洁又不粘皮肤的绷带盖住烧伤面，用胶布把绷带固定。千万不要在烧伤处涂黄油、油或软膏，因为这会使里面的热散不出去，而且还可能导致感染。 6如果烧伤的部位在臂部或腿部，就要把手臂或腿脚抬高到高于心脏的位置。如果是面部烧伤，伤者则应该坐立。7如果属于二度或三度烧伤，就要立即把患者送往医院看医生。二、课文段落精选背诵。(注意文章的表达)The skin is an essential part of your body and its largest organ. You have three layers of skin which act as a barrier against disease，poisons and the suns harmful rays.The functions of your skin are also very plex：it keeps you warm or cool；it prevents your body from losing too much water；it is where you feel cold，heat or pain and it gives you your sense of touch.So as you can imagine，if your skin gets burned it can be very serious.First aid is a very important first step in the treatment of burns.