2019-2020年高考英语阅读理解、完形填空课外练（9）.doc

2019-2020年高考英语阅读理解、完形填空课外练（9）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。It is over 40 years since first atomic bomb was dropped on a major city in Japan. Yet even now its effects are showing themselves and may continue to do so for years to e. Much effort and human energy have been used to try to prevent such a terrifying thing from happening again. So far there is no guarantee that it will not. Countries which already possess nuclear knowledge and resources have bombs stored away which are powerful enough to wipe out all life on earth. But this is not all. Other countries, which previously were not so advanced in technology, are gradually buying materials that can be used for making atomic devices. This nuclear energy will naturally be of great value in helping the economy of poorer nations.The generation of electricity through nuclear power came directly from the original work on the atom bomb. Because of the increase in demand for energy and the possibility of decreasing supplies of oil and natural gas, the interest in electricity has increased. One of the by-products of nuclear power stations is plutonium (钸) produced from unclear fuel: plutonium is ingredient (成分) in bomb-making. It means that there are far more opportunities for the manufacture of bombs.This brings the problem to a full circle again. How can something so valuable and useful be controlled so that it works for the benefit and not the destruction of man? (from nmet168)1. The effects of dropping the first atomic bomb _.A. are not over B. may go on forever C. could last much longer D. will not be over in the near future2. The writer says that enough atomic bombs have already been manufactured to _.A. wipe out Japan B. last forever C. act as a peace-keeping device D. destroy all living things3. The advantage of less developed countries being able to make atomic devices is that it _.A. gives them more opportunities for work B. will help poor countries to bee richerC. will enable them to make better explosives D. will be of great value to them4. The second paragraph tells us that the increased demand for electricity today _.A. has led to the decrease in supplies of oilB. means that more countries are interested in nuclear powerC. has increased the risk of accidental explosionsD. has increased the very means of producing more atomic bombs【答案与解析】1. A 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句Yet even now its effects are showing themselves and may continue to do so for years to e可知。2. D 细节理解题。根据第一段“have bombs stored away which are powerful enough to wipe out all life on earth”一句可知。3. B 细节理解题。根据第一段“This nuclear energy will naturally be of great value in helping the economy of poorer nations”一句可知。4. D 段落主旨题。根据第二段最后一句“It means that there are far more opportunities for the manufacture of bombs.”可知。阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。Food sometimes gets poisoned with harmful things. A person who eats such food can get an illness called food poisoning. Food poisoning is usually not serious, but some types are deadly. The symptoms of food poisoning usually begin within hours of eating the poisoned food.Fever is one of the most mon symptoms.Certain microorganisms(微生物)cause most types of food poisoning. Bacteria and other microorganisms can poison eggs, meat, vegetables, and many other foods. After entering the body, these tiny living things release(释放)poisons that make people sick. Some chemicals can also cause food poisoning. They are often added to food while it is being grown, processed, or prepared.For example, many farmers spray chemicals on crops to kill weeds and insects. Some people may have a bad reaction to those chemicals when they eat the crops.Some plants and animals contain natural poisons that are harmful to people. These include certain kinds of seafood, grains, nuts, seeds, beans, and mushrooms. When people handle food properly, the risk of food poisoning is very small. Microorganisms multiply rapidly in dirty places and in warm temperatures. This means that people should never touch food with dirty hands or put food on unwashed surfaces.Food should be kept in a refrigerator to stop microorganisms from growing. Meat needs to be cooked thoroughly to kill any dangerous microorganisms.People should also wash food covered with chemicals before eating it. Finally, people should not eat wild mushrooms or other foods that grow in the wild.Some of these foods may contain natural materials that are poisonous to humans. In addition, some types of fish can be poisonous. Most people recover from food poisoning after a few days of resting and drinking extra water. If people eat natural poisons, they must go to the hospital right away to have their stomachs emptied.1. Which of the following statements is NOT true? AFood when poisoned can make people sick.BFood poisoning means death.CFood poisoning es in varieties.DFood poisoning can be serious.2. We know from the passage that the symptoms of food poisoning_ .Aare always acpanied by a feverBare too mon to be notedCcan be noticed within hoursDcan he ignored3. Food poisoning can be caused by all the following EXCEPT_.Asome chemicalsBlow temperaturesCsome tiny living thingsDcertain natural materials4. From Paragraph 5，we can learn that_ .Amushrooms should not be eatenBvegetables are safer than meat and seafoodCnatural poisons are more dangerous than chemicals Ddifferent types of food should be handled differently 解题导语本文主要讲述了几种食物中毒的表现，如何避免食物中毒的一些注意事项以及食物中毒后的一些处理方法。1解析： 选B。细节理解题。由第一段第三句Food poisoning is usually not serious, but some types are deadly.可知B项内容描述错误。食物中毒不一定就意味着死亡。 2解析：选C。细节理解题。由第一段倒数第二句The symptoms of food poisoning usually begin within hours of eating the poisoned food.可知C项正确。由第一段最后一句Fever is one of the most mon symptoms.可知A项错误；由第一段第二句可知食物中毒的人会生病，故B、D两项错误。 3解析：选 B。细节理解题。由第三段第一句、第二段第三句和第五段倒数第二句可知A、C、D三项内容正确。而由第五段中Microorganisms multiply rapidly in dirty places and in warm temperatures.可知，B项中的low temperatures不会导致食物中毒。4解析：选D。推理判断题。本段讲述了如何处理不同类型的食物中毒的情况。【xx高考复习】完形填空It was the old ladys birthday.She got up early to be ready for the post.From the second floor flat she could see the postman when he came down the street，and a little boy，Johnnie，_1_her letters from the ground floor on the rare_2_when anything came.Today she was sure there would be something.Myra_3_forget her mothers birthday，even if she_4_wrote at other times.Of course Myra was busy，but？_5_，Enid，the daughter the old lady loved most，died two years ago.Since then Myra had been to see her mother three times，but her husband，Harold，never.The old lady was eighty today.She had put on her best dress.Perhapsperhaps Myra might e.After all，eighty was a_6_birthday，another decade lined or tolerated just as you chose to look at it._7_Myra did not e，she would send a present.The old lady was_8_of that.Two spots of colour_9_her cheeks.She was_10_like a child.She would enjoy her day!Now，she stood by the window，_11_.The postman turned round the corner on his bicycle.Her heart beat_12_.Johnnie had seen him too and ran to the gate.Then clatter (咔嗒声)，clatter up the stairs.Johnnie knocked at her door.He had got her postfour envelopes.Three were unclosed cards from old friends.The fourth was closed，in Myras writing.The old lady felt a sharp pain of_13_.There was no parcel for her！Maybe the parcel was too large to e by letter post.That was it.It would e later by parcel post.She said to herself.She must be_14_.Almost_15_she tore the envelope open._16_in the card was a piece of paper.Written on the card was a message under the printed Happy BirthdayBuy yourself something nice with the_17_，Myra and Harold.The cheque moved quickly to and for in the air to the floor like a bird with a broken wing.Slowly the old lady_18_to pick it up.Her present！Her_19_present！With_20_fingers she tore it into little bits.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个80岁老人在生日来临之际对自己唯一的亲人的殷殷期盼，但她最终盼来的确是一种无言的伤痛和失望。1.A.took awayBbrought upCmoved offDset down解析根据语境可知，此句是说老人把信件从“the ground floor”拿到“the second floor”。bring up意为“拿上来”，符合语境；take away意为“拿走，带走”，move off“意为“离开，出发”，set down意为“记下，放下”，均不符合语境。答案B2A.occasionBopportunityCceremonyDanniversary解析根据语境可知，此处是指在特别的“场合”，与下文的other times作对比。occasion意为“场合”，符合语境；opportunity意为“机会”，ceremony意为“典礼，仪式”，anniversary意为“周年纪念日”，均不符合语境。答案A3A.mustntBmightntCwouldntDneednt解析根据语境可知，此处是指老人坚信女儿一定不会忘记自己的生日。表示“一定不会”时，应用wouldnt。答案C4A.occasionallyBalwaysCalmostDseldom解析根据下文可知，Myra由于工作繁忙，平常很少给妈妈写信。seldom意为“很少，不常”，符合语境；occasionally意为“偶尔，间或”，always意为“总是，一直”，almost意为“差不多，几乎”，均不符合语境。答案D5A.UnhappilyBUnfortunatelyCUnforgettablyDUnkindly解析根据常识可知，最爱的女儿Enid的离去自然是一件“不幸”的事情。unfortunately意为“不幸地”，符合语境；unhappily意为“不开心地”，unforgettably意为“令人难忘地”，unkindly意为“刻薄地，不客气地”，均不符合语境。答案B6A.casualBremoteCspecialDconventional解析根据常识可知，“人生70古来稀”，80岁生日自然尤为“特别”。special意为“特别的”，符合语境；casual意为“随便的，临时的”，remote意为“遥远的，疏远的”，conventional意为“传统的，常见的”，均不符合语境。答案C7A.Even ifBSo thatCIn caseDNow that解析句意为：即使Myra不来，她也会送一份礼物。由句意可知，前后分句之间为一种让步关系，所以应用表示让步关系的连词even if，意为“即使”。答案A8A.proudBcapableCsureDafraid解析根据下文的描述可知，老人坚信她的女儿即便不来也会送她礼物。be sure of为固定短语，意为“坚信，确信”，符合语境。答案C9A.sharpenedBweakenedCwidenedDbrightened解析根据下文中的“She would enjoy her day！”可知，此处应指老人红光满面，面露喜 色。brighten意为“使闪亮，使快乐，使露喜色”，符合语境。答案D10A.excitedBalarmedCinspiredDsatisfied解析根据语境可知，老人此时兴奋得像个孩子。excited意为“兴奋的，激动的”，符合语境。答案A11A.thinkingBimaginingCwelingDwatching解析根据上下文语境可知，此句是指老人久久地站在门口，期盼着礼物的到来。因此选watching最符合语境，意为“守望，眺望”。答案D12A.steadilyBwildlyCnervouslyDrandomly解析根据语境可知，此处应选wildly，该词是一种夸张的表达，旨在体现老人无法掩饰的、因迫切而慌乱激动的心情。答案B13A.discontentBlonelinessCdisappointmentDannoyance解析根据上下文语境可知，此句是指老人的心情由先前“狂乱的兴奋”跌之“沉重的失望”，是一种修辞上的对比。disappointment意为“失望，沮丧”，符合语境。答案C14A.patientBanxiousCurgentDmild解析根据语境可知，此句是指老人自我解嘲、自我安慰的一种无奈的表达，同时也暗含着一丝苦涩的期盼，所以老人告诫自己还要“耐心一点儿”。patient意为“耐心的”，符合语境。答案A15A.immediatelyBcheerfullyCangrilyDunwillingly解析根据语境可知，此句是指老人对自己期盼的“礼物”非常失望，因此不愿意打开它。unwillingly意为“不情愿地，勉强地”，符合语境；immediately意为“立刻，马上”，cheerfully意为“高高兴兴地”，angrily意为“愤怒地”，均不符合语境。答案D16A.PinnedBFoldedCLinedDRoped解析根据下文的“a piece of paper”可知，此处应选fold，意为“折叠，合拢”，表示“在卡片里折了一张纸”。答案B17A.cardBbonusCchequeDcash解析根据下文中的“The cheque moved quickly”可知，此处应选cheque，意为“支票”，符合语境。答案C18A.bentBleanedCstruggledDstretched解析综合考虑老人此时的心情和神态可知，她拾起支票的姿势应该是“弯腰”。bend意为“弯腰，弯曲”，符合语境。lean意为“倾斜，倚靠”；struggle意为“努力，挣扎”，是一个中性词汇，不能体现身体的姿势；stretch意为“伸展，延伸”，均不符合语境。答案A 19A.painfulBsadCexpensiveDlovely解析根据语境可知，此处应选lovely，表现的是一种强烈的讽刺效果，增强了语言的表现力。而painful，sad两词会使语言的色调索然无味，暗淡无光。答案D 20A.movingBtremblingCreactingDfreezing解析根据语境可知，当老人看到女儿给自己的礼物竟然是一张支票时，她感到既失望又痛心，所以应选trembling，意为“颤抖的，战栗的”，生动地表现了老人当时的心情和神态；moving意为“动人的”，reacting意为“反应的”，freezing意为“冰冻的，严寒的”，均不符合语境。答案B。