2019-2020年高考英语大一轮复习 形容词和副词 北师大版.doc

2019-2020年高考英语大一轮复习 形容词和副词 北师大版一、复合形容词的构成1副词现在分词：hardworking勤劳的2名词过去分词：manmade人造的3名词现在分词：timeconsuming耗时的4名词形容词：worldfamous世界闻名的5数词名词：fivestar五星级的6数词名词ed：threelegged三条腿的7数词名词形容词：fiveyearold 5岁的8形容词过去分词：readymade现成的9形容词名词ed：kindhearted好心的10形容词现在分词：ordinarylooking相貌一般的二、形容词的位置1形容词作定语修饰some，any，every，no和body，thing，one等构成的复合不定代词时，需后置。2以able或ble结尾的形容词可置于前有最高级形容词或only等词修饰的名词后面。3成对的形容词可以后置。4当“形容词介词/不定式”构成的短语作定语时，需后置。5当old，long，high，wide，deep等词附有数量词短语作定语时，需后置。三、多个形容词作定语时的排列顺序常用的顺序为：限定词(these，those)数量形容词(three)描绘性形容词(beautiful)大小、长短、高低等形体性形容词(large，long，high)新旧(old)颜色(red)国籍(Chinese)材料(wood)用途(writing)被修饰名词(desk)。四、表语形容词表语形容词(如：afraid，alone，awake，asleep，alive，alike，ashamed，well，sorry，unable，worth，sure)并非只能作表语，它们还可以作补足语，有的还可作后置定语(一般不作前置定语)。五、形容词还可作状语：形容词作状语表示伴随或结果，并不表达动词的方式He lay in bed，wide awake.六、有些副词置于句首可修饰全句，作评注性状语Happily for her，her stepmother was kind to her.七、形容词、副词比较级的一般句式及特殊用法1asadj./adv.as.；asadj.a/ann.as.意为“与一样”，其否定式为not so/asadj./adv.as.(与不一样)。I havent seen so interesting a film as this for years.多年来我没有看过像这样有趣的电影了。2程度副词比较级than anyone else/any other可数名词单数/all the other可数名词复数。3比较级的常用修饰语有：far，even，much，still，a little，twice等。John is far more difficult to get along with than Paul.4最高级的常用修饰语有：easily，nearly，almost，by far，about，ever，the second/third.等。还有one of形容词最高级名词复数。八、副词enough的用法1enough作副词，用来修饰形容词、副词时，要放在所修饰词的后面，但修饰名词时，放在前面或后面都可以。2cannot与enough连用，表示“再也不为过”，这种用法还可用“cannot (never等否定词).too.”表达。I cant thank you enough.1Volunteering is being_popular in China.Yeah，people are now aware that helping others is helping themselves.(xx福建，23)Anaturally BsuccessfullyCsplendidly Dincreasingly2Drunk driving，which was once a _ occurrence，is now under control.(xx福建，32)Ageneral BfrequentCnormal Dparticular3It took us quite a long time to get to the amusement park.It was _ journey.(xx上海，26)Athree hour Ba threehoursCa threehour Dthree hours4I have been convinced that the print media are usually more_and more reliable than television.(xx浙江，6)Aaccurate BridiculousCurgent Dshallow5Father_goes to the gym with us，although he dislikes going there.(xx湖南，22)Ahardly BseldomCsometimes Dnever一、根据汉语提示完成句子1In my opinion，your position is not as interesting as his but yours is _(组织地更好) in writing.2I have no dreams _(除了) to have a happy life.3Sir，do you have any double room _(可以住的) now?Just a moment，I will find out.4Keeping _ hours does good to your _(有规律地生活对健康有利)5After a long journey，the three of them went back home，_(又累又饿)6The doctor will see you again next week._ (同时)，you must rest as much as possible.7We only had 100 and that was _(远远不够) to buy a new puter.8The island is _(同样地) attractive in spring and autumn because of the pleasant weather in both seasons.二、单项填空1I was sleepy.I decided to make myself some _ coffee so I could work _.Aweak；better Bstrong；wellCstrong；better Dweak；well2Jim，are you _ this Saturday?Oh，sorry.I need to go to the bookshop _ the bank on Saturday.Aconvenient；and Bconvenient；as well asCavailable；with Davailable；as well as3After watching the movie Avadar，Mary lay in bed with her eyes _ open while all her family were _ asleep.Awidely；soundly Bwider；soundlyCwidely；sound Dwide；sound4I was _ with my son about his carelessness，which _ the main cause of his failure in maths.Aannoyed；were Bamazed；wasCamazing；were Dannoyed；was5This new kind of chemicals will help keep the air，soil and water _ from pollution.Afree Bempty Cloose Dshort6On snowy days，you have to drive very _ to avoid traffic accidents.Acautiously BneatlyCsmoothly Dproperly7Boris has a good brain.In fact，I doubt whether anyone in the class has _ IQ.Aa high Ba higherCthe higher Dthe highest8Their university is located on a beautiful lake，_ of this developing city.Asoutheast thirty milesBthirty miles southeastCthirty miles to southeastDto thirty miles southeast9Do you think shopping online will _ take the place of shopping in stores?Aespecially BfrequentlyCmerely Dfinally10Ernest visited the South Pole because he wanted to see one of the _ regions in the world.Acolder BcoldestCmore coldly Dmost coldly11The early train is _ to leave at 5 in the morning.Apossible BprobableCdue Davailable12The meeting starts at 3 oclock _.We have to go now.Asharp BexactCright Daccurate13Those Tshirts are usually 35 each，but today they have a _ price of 19 in the shopping center.Aregular BspecialCcheap Dparticular14A persons _ body temperature is about 37.Aordinary BnormalCmon Dusual15The new machine，as is reported in the local newspaper，will work twice as fast，_ greatly reducing costs.Athus Banyhow Cyet Deven16I actually prefer to stay up _ at night，but not when Im working the next day.Adeeply Bdeep Clately Dlate17Intelligence doesnt _ mean success.You need to work hard as well.Ahonestly BformallyCsimply Dnecessarily18I must be getting fatI can _ do my trousers up.Afairly BhardlyCnearly Dseldom19We decided not to climb the mountains because it was raining _.Abadly BhardlyCstrongly Dheavily答案形容词和副词感悟高考1D句意为：志愿服务在中国正变得日益流行起来。是的，人们现在意识到帮助别人就是在帮助他们自己。A项意为“自然地”；B项意为“成功地”；C项意为“极好地”；D项意为“日益，渐增地”。只有D项符合句意。2B句意为：醉酒驾驶，过去曾经是一件经常的事，现在被控制住了。general一般的；frequent经常的；normal正常的；particular特别的。根据句意选B。3C考查数词连字符名词的用法。连字符连接的词作名词的定语且用单数，意为“三小时的路程”。4A句意为：我确信印刷的媒体材料比电视更精确、更加可靠。accurate精确的；ridiculous可笑的，荒谬的；urgent紧急的，急迫的；shallow浅的，肤浅的。由句意可知，A项符合语境。5C句意为：尽管父亲不喜欢去体育馆，但有时也和我们一起去。hardly几乎不；seldom很少；sometimes有时；never从不。领悟语法一、1.better organized2.other than3.available4regular；health5.hungry and tired6.Meanwhile7nowhere near enough8.equally二、1.C根据句意，第一空用strong coffee，浓咖啡才能提神；第二空表示比较，意为“比现在工作得更好”，故用well的比较级。2Dconvenient的主语不能为人，常用于it is convenient for/to sb.结构，先排除A和B两项；根据答语意思“既要去书店又要去银行”可知，第二空要用as well as。3D表示眼睛睁得大、嘴张得大等时，要用wide修饰open；表示“酣睡”时，常用be sound/fast/deep asleep或sleep soundly来表达。4D关系代词which指代先行词carelessness，从句谓语动词应该用单数，先排除A和C项；annoyed表示“生气的”，符合句意。句意为：我对儿子的粗心很生气，这(粗心)是他数学不及格的主要原因。5Afree表示“免于，不受的影响”。句意为：这种新的化学物质将有助于使空气、土壤和水免受污染。6Acautiously谨慎地；neatly整洁地；smoothly平滑地；properly适当地。句意为：在下雪天，你必须谨慎驾车以避免交通事故。7B根据题干内容可知，这里是将Boris的智商与班里其他同学的智商进行比较，因此应该用比较级，排除A、D两项；另外，这里是表泛指，因此用不定冠词，故B项正确。8B表达“在地方多远”时，一般先“距离”，然后“方位”，表示方位的词前加to the，但to the也可以省略，所以C项如果改成thirty miles to the southeast也可以，据此选B项。9Despecially特别，尤其；frequently经常；merely仅仅；finally最终。句意为：你认为网上购物最终会替代商场购物吗？10B这里应该用最高级the coldest，故选B项。句意为：Ernest去了南极，因为他想去看看世界上最冷的地方。11Cbe due to do意为“预定、打算”。12Asharp此处为adv.表“整”。13Ba special price意为“特价”。14Bnormal temperature指“正常体温”。15Athus后接现在分词在句中通常作结果状语。16Dlate作副词，表“(具体意义的晚)”，stay up late指“熬夜很晚”。17Dnecessarily用于否定句时，意为“(不)一定，(未)必”。18Bhardly意为“几乎不”。19Dheavily此处意为“密集地，稠密地”，rain heavily 指“下大雨”。