2019-2020年中考英语复习讲义 第17章 各种状语从句.doc

2019-2020年中考英语复习讲义 第17章 各种状语从句状语从句，是中考的热点，而且也是使用很广泛的一个从句。对其考查的的形式比较多，有的试题直接考查的是从属连词的用法，有的试题是从句式的角度来进行考查等等。在复习时，主要掌握好状语从句的常用句式，尤其是对于状语从句的从属连词应该做到灵活掌握熟练运用。内容导视知识点1状语从句的分类知识点2时间状语从句的用法知识点3地点状语从句和条件状语从句的用法知识点4原因状语从句和让步状语从句的用法知识点5比较状语从句和方式状语从句的用法知识点6目的状语从句和结果状语从句的用法知识详单知识点1状语从句的分类状语从句连词时间when, while, as，since ，till, until, before, after, as soon as, no soonerthan, hardly(scarcely)when, the minute, the second，every( each time) 地点where, wherever, everywhere条件if, unless, as(so) long as ,in case原因Because, since, as, now that, seeing that, in that, considering that让步Though, although, even if(though)，。，whatever, wherever, whoever, however. no matter+ wh-比较Asas, (not) the same.，not so.。，than方式as, as if(though)目的so that, in order that, in case ,for fear that, lest结果so that, sothat, such. that, but that知识点2时间状语从句的用法从属连词用法例句While“与同时，在期间”，从句常用延续性动词或表示状态的词Dont talk loud while （as）others are working.别人工作时，请勿大声说话。When“当时”，表示主句的动作和从句的动作同时或先后发生，从句的动词可用延续性动词，也可用非延续性动词It was raining when we arrived.我们到达时，天正下着雨。when you read the poem a second time, the meaning will bee clearer to you.当你再读一遍这首诗, ，你就更清楚它的含义。As“正当，一边一边，随着”，表示两个动作同时发生或某事发生时，另一个动作发生了As time went on, his theory proved to be correct.随着时间的推移，他的理论被证明是正确的。Till/until用于肯定句时，表示“直到为止”，主句必须为延续性动词;not. .until/till表示“直到才”，主句常用短暂性动词We shall wait until/till he es back.我们将一直等到他回来。I didnt leave until/till she finished her homework.直到她完成作业.我才离开。Since“自以来”，主句用一般现在时或现在完成时，从句用一般过去时I have heard。lot of good things about you sinfrom abroad.自从我从国外回来，我已经听许多好的事情。Before在以前He must finish all the work before he goes home.回家之前他必须完成所有的工作。After在.之后Iets play football after school is over.放学后我们打篮球吧。【知识拓展】时间状语从句的时态问题:在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，主句如果使用一般将来时态，从句使用一般现在时表示将来，即所谓的主将从现。例如:As soon as I arrive in Beijing, I will ring you up. 我一到北京就给你打电话。Youll fall behind the others unless you study hard.如果你不努力学习，你将会落后于其他人。知识点3地点状语从句和条件状语从句的用法分类从属连词例句地点状语从句where在地方，wherever，无论哪里Where there is a will，there is a way.有志者，事竟成Wherever you go，you must obey the law.无论你去哪儿，你都要遵守法律。条件状语从句if如果;unless除非，如果不If Y make any mistakes，please point them out in time.如果我犯错误，请及时指出来。Dont ask me to explain unless you really dont understand.不要让我解释，除非你真的不懂。in case假使，万一Write down her telephone number in case you forget.把她的电话号码记下来万一你忘了呢。so/as long as只要，如果You can go out as/so long as you promise to be back before 11 oclock.你可以出去，只要你答应在点前回来【知识拓展】 if引导条件状语从句和宾语从句的区别: if引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”，主句用一般将来时态，从句用一般现在时表示将来。例如:If it doesnt rain, I will go to the cinema tomorrow.如果明天不下雨，我就去看电影。（2）if引导宾语从句，表示“是否”，如果主句是一般现在时，从句可用各种对应的时态; 如果主句是一般过去时，从句用过去的某种时态。例如:I didnt know if he would e tomorrow.我不知道他明天是否会来。知识点4原因状语从句和让步状语从句的用法分类从属连词例句原因状语从句because因为，as，因为，since既然He couldnt have seen me because I was not there. 他不可能看见我，因为我当时不在那儿。As it rained，we all stayed at home.由于下雨我们都待在家里。Since we are all here, lets reach a decision now.既然大家都来了，现在让我们做决定吧。Now that/in that/seeing that/considering that既然，由于I neednt say anything in that you have known it.由于你已经知道了，我没有必要说什么了。Considering that he is very young, he does it very well考虑到他很年轻，他做得很不错了。让步状语从句although/though虽然，尽管Though he is very poor, he is very happy.他虽然很穷，但他很快乐。Although he is young, he is very clever.他尽管年轻，但很聪明。尽管aSHard as I tried, I was unable to make great progress.尽管我尽力了，但是仍然不能取得大的进步。Clever as he is, he doesnt study well.尽管他聪明，但是他学习并不好。even if/even though即使Even if he is very busy, he always helps me.即使他很忙，他也总是帮助我。I will have a try even though I should fail.即使会失败，我也要试一下。whether. or不管还是Whether the weather is good or bad，we will set off as planned. 不管天气是好还是坏，我们都将按计划启程。 飞whatever/whoever/whenever/however等词可以引导状语从句No matter which (Whichever) road you take, you will arrive safely.不管你走哪条路，你都能安全到达。However (No matter how) expensive it may be, Ill take it.无论它有多贵，我都要买下它。【知识拓展“疑问词+ever与“no matter+疑问词”的用法:“疑问词+eve91ever作为引导词，在引导让步状语从句时，相当于“no matter+疑问词”。 例如:Keep calm，whatever/no matter what happens. 无论发生什么事都要保持冷静。Whosever/No matter whose bag it is，it will be kept here until the owner returns.不管这是谁的包，都要保管到主人回来。知识点5比较状语从句和方式状语从句的用法分类从属连词例句比较状语从句than比，as. as和一样not as/so. as .不如, themorethe more.越就越He can run faster than you (can).他能跑得比你快。The result was not as/so good as I had expected.结果不如我所预料的那么好。The busier he is the happier lie feels.他越忙越觉得开心。方式状语从句as正如，像，按照When in Rome，do as the Romans do.人乡随俗。Would you please do the experiment as I am doing?请你按照我做的方法来做实验好吗?方式状语从句aS if/as though好像The boss speaks aloud as if he is very angry.老板大声说着话，好像他很生气。He acted as though nothing had happened.他表现得好像什么也没有发生。【易错警示】as if或 as though ：二者可以互换，在引导方式状语从句时，从句常使用虚拟语气;但如果从句所说的内容可能性很大，则需要使用陈述语气，即从句谓语动词应使用适当的动词时态。例如:They talk very loudly as if/as though nobody were around.他们说话声音很大，好像周围没人似的。He speaks as if he had been in England for years.他说话就好像他在英国待了很多年。(可能性小，用的是虚拟语气)!He speaks as if he has been in England for years.他说话就好像他在英国待了很多年。(可能性大，用的是陈述语气)知识点6目的状语从句和结果状语从句的用法分类从属连词例句目的状语从句so() that为了，以便;in order that为了Ill speak slowly so that you can understand.我会讲慢一点，以便您可以理解。Go early in order that you can get a good seat.为7得到好座位，你要早点去。lest以防;in case以免，以防;for fear以便，唯恐，以防Put on more clothes lest you should catch a cold.多穿点衣服，以防感冒。He worked very hard for fear that he might be fired by the boss. 他工作很努力，恐被老板解雇。结果状语从句so that以至于，SO.that如此以至于The box is so heavy that I cant carry it.这个箱子如此重以至于我搬不动它。The girl was very hungry so that she ate the whole pizza.那个女孩非常饿以至于她吃了一整个比萨饼。such. that如此以至于Jenny is such a clever girl that all of us like her very much.珍妮是如此聪明的女孩，以至于我们都非常喜欢她。【知识拓展】so/such. that引导结果状语从句时可把，so/such置于句首，主句用倒装语序。例如:Such was his worry that he couldnt go on with his work.他如此担忧，以致不能继续上班了。So carelessly did he drive that he was nearly killed.他开车如此粗心，以致差点儿丧命。考点突破考点1考查时间状语从句的用法1.(龙东中考)-Henry, please call us as soon as you _ Hawaii.-OK. Ill do that, Mom. A. arrive in B. are arriving in C. will arrive at【解析】选择A as soon as结构意为“一就，” 引导时间状讲从句，主句为祈使句，从句用一般现在时表示将来。Hawaii 为大地点.因此用in.考点2考查地点状语从句的用法2.(扬州中考)-My friend has achieved his goal after years of hard work.- Great.AOne tree can make a forest B. Where there is a will，there is a wayC. Many hands make light work D. A friend in need is a friend indeed【解析】选B 第一个人阐述自己的朋友经过多年努力实现目标.，第二个人表示祝贺，同时，发表自己对此事的看法。应该是“有志者，事竟成”.该句是where引导的地点状语从句。考点3考查条件状语从句的用法3.(十堰中考)_ deal with our problems, we can easily bee unhappy. A. Until B. If C. Unless D. Though【解析】选C。句意为:除非我们处理好问题，否则会很容易变得不快乐。unless意为“除非”，符合句意。4.(达州中考)-Excuse me, could you please tell me if the sports meeting_ on time? -Hard to say. If it_ tomorrow, well have to put it off. A. will hold; rains B. will be held; rains C. will be held; will rain D. holds; will rain 【解析】选B。第一空为if引导的宾语从句，表示的是将来的情况，且为被动;第二空是if引导的时间状语 从句，从句用一般现在时表示将来。故选B,考点4考查原因状语从句的用法5.(佛山中考)I am writing to you _Im afraid to talk about it face to face.Because，though C. until 【解析】选A 句意为:我正在给你写信，因为我害怕当面和你交谈。用because引导原因状语从句。考点5考查让步状语从句的用法6.(无锡中考)On those foggy days, you could hardly see anything around you_ it was at noon. A. so B. because C. but D. though 【解析】选D。句意为:在那些有雾的日子里，尽管是在中午，你也根本看不清任何在你周围的事物。though 引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管”。考点6考查目的状语从句的用法7.(滨州中考)The teacher asked me to read aloud _ all the students could hear me.A- so that B. for C. because D. in order to【解析】选A。大声朗读的目的是让所有的学生都能听到，空后是表示目的的状语从句.要用so that引导。考点7考查结果状语从句的用法8.(淮安中考)Prince George is _ lovely that many people like him very much. A. very B. such C. as D. so 【解析】选D, lovely是形容词，用so修饰，构成so. that结构，意为“如此以至于”。考点8考查比较状语从句的用法9.(绥化中考)The _ you do for others, the_you will feelA. mucher; happier B. more; happier C. much; happy【解析】选B, the +比较级，the+比较级”表示“越就越”。句惫为:你越多帮助别人，就感到越快乐。