2019年高考英语一轮总复习 语法专项突破 真题分类 名词性从句.doc

2019年高考英语一轮总复习 语法专项突破 真题分类 名词性从句【xx新课标全国卷I】26Police have found _ appears to be the lost ancient statue.Awhich BwhereChow Dwhat【解析】本题考查名词性从句的引导词。句意：警察找到了可能是丢失的古代雕像的物品。A项which“哪一个”；B项where“哪儿”；C项how“怎样”；D项what“什么”。结合题干，空格前面是动词，表明这里可能是一个宾语从句，同时后面的句子缺主语，因此断定选what(the thing that/all that)，这个词不但引导宾语从句，而且还在从句中充当主语。【答案】D【xx北京卷】31_makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer.AThat BWhat CWho DWhich【解析】题干的意思是：使这本书与众不同的是作者具有的创造性的想象力。分析结构可知，_makes the book so extraordinary为主语从句，从句缺少主语，要用what引导。that引导主语从句时，仅仅起连接作用，不作句子成分，但不能省略；who指人；which引导名词性从句时与what的区别在于它为特指，而what为泛指。故正确答案为B项。分析清楚句子结构是解题关键。【答案】B【xx北京卷】33Experts believe_people can waste less food by shopping only when it is necessary.Awhy Bwhere Cthat Dwhat【解析】题干的意思是：专家们认为必要的时候才购物可以减少食物的浪费。分析结构可知，此处是experts believe.作主句，空格处引导宾语从句，从句不缺少成分，故用that。why在句中作原因状语；where作地点状语；what作主语、宾语或表语。故正确答案为C项。分析清楚句子结构是解题关键。【答案】C【xx天津卷】15_ I want to tell you is the deep love and respect I have for my parents.AThat BWhichCWhether DWhat【解析】句意为“我想告诉你的是我对父母深深的爱和尊敬”。本题考查主语从句引导词的判定。_I want to tell you是一个主语从句，且从句中缺少tell的直接宾语，故用what引导。which表示在某一范围内做出选择，与句意不符。【答案】D【xx重庆卷】28_struck me most in the movie was the fathers deep love for his son.AThat BItCWhat DWhich【解析】句意：电影中最打动我的是父亲对儿子深深的爱。分析句子结构可知，此处用what引导主语从句，并在从句中作主语。that引导主语从句时，不充当句子成分，而该从句中恰恰缺少了主语。it可以作形式主语，但后面必须出现与之匹配的真正主语。which引导主语从句时，在从句中充当定语，而该句空格后并没有which修饰的名词或代词。解答此题的关键在于分析句子所缺的成分。【答案】C【xx山东卷】30Its good to know _ the dogs will be well cared for while were away.Awhat BwhoseCwhich Dthat【解析】句意：知道当我们不在家时狗将会受到很好的照顾真好。动词know后是宾语从句，从句中不缺成分，用that起连接作用。【答案】D【xx湖南卷】28Do not let any failures discourage you, for you can never tell_close you may be to victory.Ahow Bthat Cwhich Dwhere【解析】题干的意思是：“不要让任何的失败使你灰心丧气，因为你决不会知道成功离你有多近。”分析句子成分可知，tell后接的是宾语从句；再根据语境可知此处用程度副词修饰形容词close，故答案为A。解题时close是关键词，考生从题干中可以得知只有how和close能形成语意和语法上的逻辑关系。【答案】A【xx安徽卷】21From space，the earth looks blue.This is _ about seventyone percent of its surface is covered by water.AwhyBhowCbecause Dwhether【解析】本题考查表语从句的引导词。句意：从太空看，地球是蓝色的。这是因为它表面大约71%被水所覆盖。首先分析前后两句之间的逻辑关系，此处为“前果后因”，使用because，故选C项。【答案】C【xx四川卷】6_you said at the meeting describes a bright future for the pany.AWhen BHowCWhat DThat【解析】题干的意思是：你在会上所说的话为公司描绘了一个光明的未来。分析句子结构可知，题中缺少主语从句的引导词，并且引导词要在从句中作宾语。选项中只有what既可以引导主语从句，又可以在从句中作宾语，因此符合题意。when和how可以引导主语从句，但是在从句中作状语，不合题意；that可以引导主语从句，但是在从句中不作句子成分，也不合题意。【答案】C【xx江西卷】30_one of you breaks the window will have to pay for it.AWhoever BWhateverCWhichever DWherever【解析】句意：你们当中无论哪一个打破窗户都必须赔偿。此处指从“you”这一范围中作出选择，故选C项，表示“无论哪一个”。【答案】C【xx陕西卷】20It remains to be seen_the newly formed mittees policy can be put into practice.Athat BwhichCwhat Dwhether【解析】题干的意思是：“新组建的委员会的政策是否会付诸实施还有待观察。”该句包含一个由whether引导的主语从句“whether the newly formed mittees policy can be put into practice”，该主语从句不缺成分，所以排除B和C；由语境中的remains to be seen可知，“是否实施新政策”还有待观察，所以此处要用whether。故选D。【答案】D【xx浙江卷】16The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief _ you are better than anyone else on the sports field.Ahow BthatCwhich Dwhether【解析】题干的意思是：“要取得最高层次的成功，唯一的方法就是要完全相信在体育运动领域你比其他任何人都优秀。”have total belief that.完全相信，为固定句式。此处belief后接了同位语从句，从句不缺少成分，用that引导，所以正确答案为B项。【答案】B【xx辽宁卷】34.The newer went to the library the other day and searched for he could find about Mark Twain. A. wherever B. however C. whatever D. whichever【考点】考查名词性从句。【答案】C【解析】介词for后面加的是宾语从句，且从句中find缺少宾语，所以用whatever，选C项。【xx四川卷】17. Scientists study _ human brains work to make puters.A. when B. how C. that D. whether【答案】 B 【考点】本题考查名词性从句。【解析】句意为：科学家研究人类大脑是如何工作以制造出电脑的。根据句意，故答案选B。【xx陕西卷】20. As many five courses are provided, and you are free to choose _ suits you best.A whateverB. whichever C. wheneverD. wherever【解析】宾语从句不缺少成分用that引导。【xx江西卷】25It suddenly occurred to him he had left his keys in the office.AwhetherBwhereCwhichDthat【答案】D【考点】考查名词性从句当中的主语从句。【解析】it作形式主语，真正的主语为that he had left his keys in the office。且that在句中无意义，并不充当任何成分。【xx湖南】6. Everyone in the village is very friendly. It doesnt matter _ you have lived there for a short or a long time. A. whyB. howC. whetherD. when【答案】C【xx浙江卷】4.I made a promise to myself_this year, my first year in high school, would be different.A. whetherB. whatC. thatD. how【考点】考查同位语从句。【答案】C【解析】that引导同位语从句，在从句中不作句子成分，补充说明同位语promise的内容。【xx江苏卷】27. The notice came around two in the afternoon the meeting would be postponed.A. whenB. thatC. whetherD. how【考点】考查同位语从句。【答案】B【解析】句意：会议将被延期的通知大约下午两点钟来。空格后的句子是解释说明名词the notice，作同位语从句，引导词在从句中不作任何成分，所以用that引导。【xx安徽卷】27.The limits of a persons intelligence,generally speaking, are fixed at birth, but he reaches these limits will depend on his environment. A. where B. whether C. that D. why 【考点】考查名词性从句。【答案】B【解析】首先把插入语generally speaking删掉，选择B。but whether he reaches these limits （作为句子主语）will depend on his environment。【xx全国新课程】24. It is by no means clear the president can do to end the strike.A. how B. which C. that D. what【答案】D【解析】此处it是形式主语，what引导的是主语从句，作真正的主语。What作do的宾语。句意：总统采取什么行动结束这次罢工一点也不清楚。【考点】考查主语从句的连接词。【xx山东卷】25. It doesnt matter _ you pay by cash or credit card in this store. A. howB. whetherC. whatD. why 【答案】B【解析】此处it是形式主语，后面whether.or引导的主语从句是真正的主语，whether.or意为：是还是都行。句意：在这个商店中用现金或信用卡支付都可以。【考点】考查主语从句的连接词。【xx福建卷】35. We promise attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star.A. whoB. whom C. whoever D. whomever【考点】本句考查连词的辨析。【答案】C【解析】首先本句考查的关键短语是promise sb. sth.“向某人承诺某事“本句指的是向参加聚会的人提供一个和电影明星合影的机会，不定式作chance的定语，然后就是参加聚会的任何人whoever=anyone who，这样句子就很清晰了，所以划分句子成分非常关键，以前考查whoever都是作状语，而本题考查的是作promise的宾语，挺新颖的。【2011北京卷 22】_ Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness. A. WhichB. WhatC. ThatD. Whom【答案】B【考点】考查主语从句。【解析】由句中的is可知其前面是由what引导的主语从句，且what在从句中作offer的宾语，故答案为A项。【2011北京卷 31】The shocking news made me realize _ terrible problems we would face. A. whatB. howC. thatD. why【答案】A【考点】考查宾语从句。【解析】句意：这个惊人的消息使我意识到我们将面临多么严重的问题。结合句意可知答案为A，此处what引导的宾语从句是一个感叹句。【2011上海卷 35】There is clear evidence _ the most difficult feeling of all to interpret is bodily pain.A. whatB. ifC. howD. that【答案】D【考点】考查名词性从句中的同位语从句。【解析】句意为：证据表明，所有能够说明的感觉中最困难的是身体的疼痛。分析句子结构，从句中不作成分，故用关联词that。【2011上海卷 38】The message you intend to convey through words may be the exact opposite of _ others actually understand.A. whyB. thatC. whichD. what【答案】D【考点】考查宾语从句。【解析】句意：你试图通过言语表达的意思或许恰恰跟别人理解的相反。【2011山东卷 26】I am afraid hes more of a talker than a doer, which is _ he never finishes anything. A. that B. when C. where D. why【答案】D【考点】考查表语从句。【解析】句意：我恐怕他比起来一个实践家更是一个空谈家，那就是他一事无成的原因。本文“which is.”引导的一个非限制性定语从句中有一个表语从句根据句意用“why”引导。【2011山东卷 33】Weve offered her the job, but I dont know_ shell accept it.A. where B. what C. whether D. which【答案】C【考点】考查宾语从句的引导词。【解析】根据句意“我们提供给她了这份工作，但我不知道她是否会接受”。whether “是否“， where “哪里“what “什么”，which “哪个“。【2011江西卷 26.】The villagers have already known _ well do is to rebuild the bridge. A. thisB. thatC. whatD. which【答案】C【考点】考查宾语从句和主语从句。【解析】村民们已经知道我们将要做的事情是重建这座桥，后面的宾语从句的主语从句中缺少主语且指物，所以选择what。【2011江苏卷 26】It was never clear _ the man hadnt reported the accident sooner.A. that B. how C. when D. why【答案】A【考点】考查主语从句。【解析】句意：这名男子没有早点报告这次事故的原因根本没有搞清楚。it在句中是形式主语，真正的主语是why引导的主语从句。【2011安徽卷 33】His writing is so confusing that its difficult to make out _it is he is trying to express. A. that B. how C. who D. what【答案】D【考点】考查名词性从句。【解析】句意为：他的笔迹非常混乱，很难弄清他想表达什么意思。本题考查动词短语make out引起的的宾语从句，该空在宾语从句中作express的宾语，表示事物，故选择D项。that在宾语从句中不作句子成分；how作方式状语；who作主语，指人。只有what可用作宾语并且指事物。【2011四川卷 10】Our teachers always tell us to believe in _ we do and who we are if we want to succeed. A. why B. how C. what D. which【答案】C【考点】考查名词性从句。【解析】in介词之后所接的宾语从句中缺少及物动词do的宾语，指事物，故填what。why“为什么”；how“怎么样”；which“哪一个”。【2011辽宁卷 23】Twenty students want to attend the class that aims to teach _ to read first. A. what B. who . how D. why【答案】C【考点】考查名词性从句。【解析】句子意思：20个学生想要去听旨在教授如何快速阅读的课程。根据句子结构可知，that aims to teach _ to read first.是定语从句，修饰先行词class，在此定语从句中，teach后接的宾语从句中缺少表示方式的连接词，故how正确。此处为“连接词+to do”结构。【2011辽宁卷 32】When the news came _ the war broke out, he decided, to serve in the army. A. since B. which C. that D. because【答案】C【考点】考查同位语从句。【解析】句意：当战争爆发的消息传来时，他决定去部队服役。此处的“ the war broke out”解释说明the news的具体内容，且从句中不缺少成分，故为同位语从句，用that连接。【2011天津卷 13】Modern science has given clear evidence _ smoking can lead to many diseases.A. what B. which C. that D. where【答案】C【考点】考查名词性从句中的同位语从句。【解析】句意为：现代科技已经给出了充分的证据，表明吸烟可能引起许多疾病。【2011陕西卷 15】Id like to start my own businessthats _ Id do if I had the money. A. why B. when C. which D. what【答案】D【考点】考查名词性从句中的表语从句。【解析】后面从句不完整，do后面缺少宾语，所以要填连接代词what，答案D。【2011重庆卷 22】It is still under discussion _the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not.A. whether B. when C. which D. where【答案】A【考点】考查名词性从句。【解析】still under discussion“还在讨论中”说明“旧中巴车站是否应该被一个宾馆替代”还没决定。且根据后面的whetheror not也可以做出正确选择。【2011重庆卷 34】It is not always easy for the public to see _ use a new invention can be of to human life.A. whose B. what C. which D. that【答案】B【考点】考查宾语从句。【解析】what引导宾语从句，同时在从句中作use的定语。还原句子为“a new invention can be of what use”。【2011湖南卷)31】Before a problem can be solved, it must be obvious _the problem itself is. A. what B. that C. which D. why【答案】A【考点】考查主语从句。【解析】从句中缺表语，排除B和D；又因题目没有给出problem的范围，故选A；句意：在解决问题之前，一定要弄清楚问题是什么。