2019年高考英语一轮复习 语法专题训练 动词和动词短语 新人教版.doc

2019年高考英语一轮复习 语法专题训练 动词和动词短语 新人教版语法训练10分钟一1(xx课标卷)Try not to cough more than you can_since it may cause problems to your lungs.AcheckBallowCstopDhelp解析：考查动词辨析。根据句意：既然咳嗽可能造成你肺的一些问题，因此想咳就咳出来，不要忍着。答案：D2(xx课标卷)The watch was very good，and he_20 percent down for it.ApaidBcostCboughtDspent解析：本题考查动词辨析。句意：这块表非常好，他就预付了20%的钱。表示“某人付钱买某物”时，可以说sb. pay money for sth.或sb. spend money on sth.；buy后接所购买的物品，即buy sth.；cost通常不能用人作主语。答案：A3(xx课标卷)At the last moment，Tom decided to_a new character to make the story seem more likely.Aput upBput inCput onDput off解析：在最后一刻，汤姆决定增加一个新人物以使故事更可信。A：建设；B：把写进；C：上演；D：推迟，故答案为B项。答案：B4(xx天津卷)I had hoped to take a holiday this year but I wasnt able to_.Aget awayBdrop inCcheck outDhold on解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：我本希望今年度个假，但是我总是抽不开身。get away“(得以)离开，脱身”合题意；drop in“顺便访问”；check out“经检查得到证实，获得证明”；hold on“坚持住，别挂断”。答案：A5(xx浙江卷)Bears_fat stores throughout the summer and fall to have energy enough to last them through their winter sleep.Apack upBbuild upCbring up Dtake up解析：考查动词词组辨析。句意：熊在整个夏季和秋季积累脂肪，以便能使它们在冬眠的时候有足够的能量。build up“积聚，积累”，符合句意。答案：B6(xx课标全国卷) Mary is really good at taking notes in class.She can _ almost every word her teacher says.Aput outBput downCput away Dput together解析：本题考查动词短语辨析。句意：玛丽确实很擅长上课时做笔记。她几乎能把老师说的每一个字都记下来。put out出版，生产，扑灭；put down写下，记下；put away收起来，放好，储存；put together组成整体。根据句意可知答案为B。答案：B7(xx天津卷)Parents and children should municate more to _ the gap between them so that they can understand each other better.Aopen Bnarrow Cwiden Dleave解析：考查动词辨析。句意：为了缩小代沟，进而增进彼此间的理解，父母同子女之间应该多交流。根据句意及gap(代沟)可知narrow(使变窄)正确。open打开；widen拓宽；leave留下。答案：B8(xx江西卷)Ive _ the habit of calling in on my grandparents on my way home from school.Ae into Bgone intoCgot into Drun into解析：本题考查动词词组辨析。句意：我已养成在放学路上去看望祖父母的习惯。get into the habit of doing sth.为固定短语，意为“养成做某事的习惯”。答案：C9(xx陕西卷)He had to pause from time to time to wipe the sweat from his forehead，because the airconditioning system _.Abroke inBbroke upCbroke out Dbroke down解析：本题考查动词词组辨析。句意：他不得不时不时地停下来擦额头上的汗，因为空调系统坏了。break in闯入，打断；break up打碎，散开；break out爆发；break down出故障。根据句意选择D项。答案：D10(xx安徽卷)The athletes years of hard training _ when she finally won the Olympic gold medal.Awent on Bgot throughCpaid off Dended up解析：考查动词词组辨析。句意：当这名运动员最后夺得奥运金牌的时候，她多年的刻苦训练得到了回报。pay off：(of a risky policy，course of action，etc.)bring good results，be successful，work(尤指冒风险的政策、做法等)带来好结果，成功，行得通；得到回报；A：继续；B：通过，度过，接通电话；D：结束。根据语境可知C项正确。答案：C11(xx湖北卷)Two lawyers have donated $50,000 to _ our schools campaign“Help the Needy”，which was started by our former headmaster three years ago.Asponsor Blaunch Corganize Dplan解析：考查动词辨析。句意：两个律师捐赠了五万美元用以赞助我们学校的“帮助贫困者”这个活动，这个活动是由我们的前任校长在三年前发起的。sponsor表示“赞助(某人或某事物)，倡议(某事)”。launch表示“使(某事物)运动，发射”；organize表示“组织(某人或某事物)，将编入组织或系统”；plan表示“打算(做某事)，意欲”。答案：A12(xx湖北质检)The princple that all teachers，regardless of subject，should_basic standards of petence in maths and English is already accepted by GCSE requirements.AattainBadoreCadoptDassess解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：普通中等教育证书要求所有的老师，不论科目，在数学和英语方面都应该达到基本标准的能力的原则已经被接受。此处attain意为“达到，获得”。adore，“崇拜；喜爱”；adopt，“采用；收养”；assess，“评定”。答案：A13(xx山东模拟)The police set out in search of other children who might_Guizhous dustbins after 5 deaths for warmth.AliveBrescueCexistDsurvive解析：考查动词辨析。survive，“幸存”。句意：垃圾箱里死了5个为了取暖的孩子后，警察开始寻找在贵州的垃圾箱中可能幸存下来的孩子。live，“生活，居住”；rescue，“援救，营救”；exist，“存在，生存”。答案：D14(xx日照市模拟)When reading English novels，I often_some idiomatic expressions that I cant understand.Ae acrossBgo overCget acrossDtake over解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：读英语小说时，我经常遇到一些我无法理解的惯用语。e across意为“(偶然)遇到，碰到”。go over，“复习”；get across，“理解；穿过”；take over，“接管”。答案：A15(xx山西月考)It is not easy to learn English well but if you_，you will succeed in the end.Ahang upBhang aboutChang onDhang around解析：考查动词短语辨析。hang on，“(在逆境中)坚持，不放弃”。hang up，“挂断电话”；hang about，“闲荡”；hang around，“(在某处附近)等待，逗留”。答案：C语法训练10分钟二1(xx天津卷)If you are in trouble，Mike is always willing to_a hand.AlendBshakeCwaveDwant解析：考查动词辨析。句意：如果你有麻烦了，Mike总是愿意帮你一把。lend a hand意为“帮忙”，为习惯搭配，合题意。答案：A2(xx福建卷)Michelle found a job as a high school teacher which_spending quite a lot of time with students.AenjoysBinvolvesCpracticesDsuggests解析：考查动词辨析。句意：Michelle找到了一份高中教师的工作，(这份工作)需要和学生待在一起的时间比较长。involve“包含，需要”，符合句意。答案：B3(xx课标卷)Would you like to_with us to the film tonight?Ae alongBe offCe acrossDe through解析：考查动词短语。从句意，与我们一道去看电影。e along with“与一道”合题意，故选A。答案：A4(xx福建卷)Oldfashioned phones matter when wireless networks_in disasters.Aturn downBturn outCbreak downDbreak out解析：考查动词短语。句意：在灾难中，当无线网络出故障时，老式的电话意义重大。break down“停止转动，出故障”，合题意。答案：C5(xx辽宁卷)Briggs will_as general manager when Mitchell retires.Aget awayBtake overCset offDrun out解析：考查动词短语。句意：Mitchell退休时Briggs将接任总经理职务。根据句意可知，B合题意。答案：B6(xx课标全国卷)If she doesnt want to go，nothing you can say will _ her.ApersuadeBpromise Cinvite Dsupport解析：本题考查动词辨析。句意：如果她不想去，你说什么都不会说服她的。persuade说服；promise许诺，承诺；invite邀请；support支持，支撑，养家。答案：A7(xx江西卷)We were all agreed that the cottage would _ a perfect holiday home for the family.Amake Bturn Ctake Dhave解析：本题考查动词辨析。句意：我们一致同意，这座小屋会成为这家人完美的假日之家。make在这里用作系动词，后接名词。表示“serve or function as(sth.)；constitute用作(某事物)；起(某事物的)作用，组成，构成”。答案：A8(xx福建卷)You had better _ some time every day for sports so that you can keep yourself energetic.Aset aside Btake up Cput away Dgive out解析：本题考查动词词组辨析。句意：你最好每天抽出一些时间运动，以便能够保持精力充沛。set aside留出(时间)；take up开始从事；put away放好，收好；give out分发。答案：A9(xx江苏卷) OK，Ive had enough of it.I give up. You cant _ your responsibilities.Arun off with Brun up againstCrun out of Drun away from解析：本题考查动词词组辨析。句意：好了，我受够了。我放弃了。你不能逃避你的责任。run off with偷走；run up against遇到(困难等)；run out of用完；run away from避开，躲避。答案：D10(xx湖北卷)Finally，my thanks go to my tutor，who has offered a lot of suggestions and ments on my paper and _ every page of my draft.Aapproved Bquoted Cpolished Dfolded解析：考查动词辨析。句意：最后，我要感谢我的导师，他给我的论文提供了很多建议和评论，并且对我论文草稿的每一页都做了修改。polish表示“修改，修饰”；approve表示“赞成，认可，同意”；quote表示“引用，引述，引证”；fold表示“折叠”。答案：C11(xx浙江卷)Armed with the information you have gathered，you can _ preparing your business plan.Aset out Bset about Cset off Dset up解析：此题考查动词词组辨析。句意：有了你所收集的信息，你可以开始准备你的商业计划了。set about doing sth.开始做某事，符合句意。set out后面要跟动词不定式；set off出发，启程，后面要跟动词不定式或介词，如：Ill set off early to avoid the traffic jam.或Jerry and I set off for the beach on foot.set up创立，建立，后面常跟名词。答案：B12(xx河北调研)In order to_nature，the government decided these areas as national parks.ApromoteBswitchCreformDpreserve解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：为保护自然，政府决定把这些区域作为国家公园。promote，“促进”；switch，“转变，改变”；reform，“改革”；preserve，“维护”。答案：D13(xx山东模拟)Hearing she failed again，the student_her face in her hands and cried.AbentBshelteredCburiedDtrapped解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：听到她再一次失败的消息，这名学生用手掩面而泣。bury ones face in ones hands，“双手掩面”。答案：C14(xx安徽联考)“Judging the voice，and not the appearance”makes the show“The Voice of China”_from the numerous other reality shows in China.Astand outBknock offCtake onDget through解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：以声音来判断而不是通过外表使得中国好声音从中国众多其他模仿秀中脱颖而出。stand out，“突出”；knock off，“撞倒；停工”；take on，“呈现；承担；雇用”；get through，“通过；做完；接通电话”。根据题意可知选A项。答案：A15(xx衡水中学模拟)When I was_the school football team because I was unfit，I knew it was time to quit_.Ataken off；smokingBtaken up；having smokedCtaken down；to smokeDtaken apart；smoking解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：当因为我健康的原因被校足球队开除时，我知道该是我戒烟的时候了。take off，“开除”；take up，“从事；占据”；take down，“记下”；take apart，“拆卸”。quit doing sth.，“停止做某事”。根据句意应选A项。答案：A