2019-2020年高考英语二轮专题复习 5阅读理解七选五题型练习.doc

2019-2020年高考英语二轮专题复习 5阅读理解七选五题型练习Passage 1(xx辽宁卷)Forgiveness To forgive is a virtue, but no one has ever said it is easy. When someone has deeply hurt you, it can be extremely difficult to let go of your hate. However, forgiveness is possible, and it can be surprisingly beneficial to your physical and mental health. People who forgive show less sadness，anger and stress and more hopefulness, according to a recent research._1_ Try the following steps： Calm yourself. _2_ You can take a couple of breaths and think of something that gives you pleasure : a beautiful scene in nature, or someone you love.Dont wait for an apology. Many times the person who hurt you does not intend to apologize. They may have wanted to hurt you or they just dont see things the same way. _3_ Keep in mind that forgiveness does not necessarily mean being friends again with the person who upset you. Take the control away from your offender (冒犯者). Rethinking about your hurt gives power to the person who caused you pain. Instead of focusing on your wounded feelings, learn to look for the love, beauty and kindness around you. _4_ If you understand your offender, you may realize that he or she was acting out of unawareness, fear, and even love. You may want to write a letter to yourself from your offenders point of view. Dont forget to forgive yourself. _5_ But it can rob you of your selfconfidence if you dont do it. AWhy should you forgive? BHow should you start to forgive? CRecognize the benefits of forgiveness. D. Try to see things from your offenders angle. E. For some people, forgiving themselves is the biggest challenge. F. To make your anger die away, try a simple stressmanagement technique. G. If you wait for people to apologize, you could be waiting an awfully long time.解读： 本文为说明文，主要向读者介绍了如何开始宽恕别人或自己的方法。 1.解析：第一段说明了宽恕的意义，该空格后的各段说明了宽恕的具体方法，由此可推断该空格处应为一承上启下的过渡句，故选B项。答案：B 2.解析：根据段落中心句Calm yourself.和下文的关键信息think of something that gives you pleasure可确定答案。答案：F 3.解析：根据关键词apology可迅速确定答案。答案：G 4.解析：根据关键信息write a letter to yourself from your offenders point of view可确定答案。答案：D 5.解析：根据段落中心句Dont forget to forgive yourself.中的关键信息forgive yourself可确定答案。答案：EPassage 2(xx北京卷)Urbanization Until relatively recently, the vast majority of human beings lived and died without ever seeing a city. The first city was probably founded no more than 5,500 years ago. _1_ In fact, nearly everyone lived on farms or in tiny rural(乡村的) villages. It was not until the 20th century that Great Britain became the first urban society in historya society in which the majority of people live in cities and do not farm for a living. Britain was only the beginning. _2_ The process of urbanizationthe migration (迁徙 ) of people from the countryside to the citywas the result of modernization, which has rapidly transformed how people live and where they live. In 1900 ，fewer than 40% of Americans lived in urban areas. Today，over 82% of Americans live in cities. Only about 2% live on farms. _3_ Large cities were impossible until agriculture became industrialized. Even in advanced agricultural societies, it took about ninetyfive people on farms to feed five people in cities. _4_ Until modern times，those living in cities were mainly the ruling elite(精英) and the servants, laborers and professionals who served them. Cities survived by taxing farmers and were limited in size by the amount of surplus food that the rural population produced and by the ability to move this surplus from farm to city. Over the past two centuries, the Industrial Revolution has broken this balance between the city and the country. _5_ Today, instead of needing ninetyfive farmers to feed five city people, one American farmer is able to feed more than a hundred nonfarmers.AThat kept cities very small.B. The rest live in small towns.C. The effects of urban living on people should be considered.D. Soon many other industrial nations became urban societies.E. But even 200 years ago, only a few people could live in cities.F. Modernization drew people to the cities and made farmers more productive.G. Modern cities have destroyed social relations and the health of human beings.解读： 本文为说明文，题材为社会与热点，主要讲述了城市化的进程。1解析：第一段主要讲述了在过去城市非常少，大多数人都是住在农场或乡村里，根据主旨可知应选择E项。答案：E2解析：空格前一句中的beginning与D项中的soon相对应，英国只是个开始，之后一些其他的国家也开始成为城市化的社会，故选择D项。答案：D3解析：空格所在的段落通过列举数据来体现现在城市化的扩大，绝大多数的美国人住在城市里，少部分住在农场里，因此此空说明剩下的人居住在何地，故选择B项。答案：B4解析：此空之前在阐述过去为什么城市不可能大的原因，因此A项与前面的意思对应。答案：A5解析：空格前一句阐述工业革命打破了此前城市和乡村的这种平衡，因此空格处是对前一句内容的进一步阐述，因此选择F项。答案：FPassage 1(xx东北联考)Make the right choices What is lifes greatest gift? _1_ Choice is the ability to select one course of action from a set of alternatives to achieve a goal.What is so great about choice? It transforms us from dumb animals into artists.Each of us bees another Michelangelo.Choice bees nothing other than the tool we use to sculpt(雕刻) our life.The tool doesnt e free，however，for the price of choice is responsibility._2_ The reward is happiness.Life is not still.It is a flow. _3_ We constantly need to monitor where we are on our journey.We need to ask questions：Am I moving closer to my goals? If not，what corrective measures can I take? What action will I take now to readjust myself to my goals? Choice is power. Choice is at the heart of life. It is the creative power of life. _4_ And your life bees more convenient or fortable because of them. For example, you decide which stores to shop at and which gas station to go to. But the decisions that we make to sculpt our life are far more important than deciding where to shop. The more we appreciate the difference between minor and major decisions, the greater the probability that we will experience happiness and fulfillment. All chess lovers realize that it isnt necessary to win to enjoy the game. The pleasure is in the playing. Life is like a chess game. _5_AIt is free will or choice.BYou have to make choices every day.CMake the best moves you can under the circumstances.DBut when we accept and carry it out, we get a great return.EEvery choice we make leads us closer to or farther from our goals.FLife is full of hard choices, and the bigger they are, the harder they get.GChoose to carry out responsibilities not because you have to, but because you want to.解读： 每个人每天都要面临各种各样的选择。正确的选择究竟会给我们的人生带来些什么呢？ 1.解析：根据上文的提问“生命中最珍贵的礼物是什么？”可知选A，it指代lifes greatest gift，即生命中最珍贵的礼物是自由的意志或选择。答案：A2解析：选项D中a great return与下文The reward前后照应，即当我们接受并执行它时，我们就获得了巨大的回报。这种回报就是幸福。答案：D3解析：根据下文所提的三个问题可知该段在谈论选择对人生目标的影响，故E项为正确答案，即我们所做的每一个选择让我们更接近或者远离我们的目标。答案：E4解析：根据下文可知，无论是日常生活中的小事，还是涉及人生的大事，都离不开选择。故B项“你每天都不得不做出选择”符合文意。答案：B 5.解析：人生就像一盘棋。在我们身处的环境下，要尽最大可能走好每一步。答案：CPassage 2(xx海淀期中) Any car accident is frightening, but an accident in which your vehicle is thrown into the water, with you trapped inside, is absolutely terrifying. _1_ However, most deaths result from panic, without a plan or understanding what is happening to the car in the water. By adopting a brace (支撑) position, acting decisively and getting out fast，you can save yourself from a sinking vehicle.Brace yourself for impact ( 撞击力). As soon as youre aware that youre going off the road and into a body of water, adopt a brace position. The impact could set off the airbag system in your vehicle, so you should place both hands on the steering wheel in the “ten and two” position. Undo your seatbelt. _2_ Unbuckle the children, starting with the oldest first. Forget the cellphone call. Your car isnt going to wait for you to make the call. _3_ Leave the door alone at this stage and concentrate on the window. A cars electrical system should work for up to three minutes in water, so try the method of opening it electronically first. Many people dont think about the window as an escape option either because of panic or misinformation about doors and sinking. Break the window. If you arent able to open the window, or it only opens halfway, youll need to break it with an object or your foot. It may feel counterintuitive(有悖常理的) to let water into the car._4_ Escape when the car has equalized. If it has reached the dramatic stage where the car cabin has been filled with water and it has bee balanced, you must move quickly and effectively to ensure your survival. _5_ While there is still air in the car, take slow, deep breaths and focus on what youre doing. AOpen the window as soon as you hit the water. BSurviving a sinking car is not as difficult as you think. CIt takes 60 to 120 seconds for a car to fill up with water usually. DSuch accidents are particularly dangerous to the risk of drowning. EIn conclusion, if you know what to do in the water, you will be safe. FThis is the first thing to attend to, yet it often gets forgotten in the panic. G. But the sooner the window is open, the sooner you can escape directly through it.解读：本文为说明文，主要介绍了当遇到汽车掉入水中时，人们应该如何应对。1解析：空格前的“an accident in which your vehicle is thrown into the water”与D项中的“Such accidents”对应，而空格处句子与空格后一句为转折关系，故选择D项。答案：D2解析：空格前句“Undo your seatbelt.”与F项中的“This is the first thing to attend to”对应，故选择F项。答案：F3解析：根据本段中的“concentrate on the window”和“Many people dont think about the window as an escape option either because of panic.”可知选择A项。答案：A4解析：首先空格前句与空格处为转折关系，本段仍旧围绕“window”进行阐述，G项所表达的意思为打开窗户逃生，与本段主旨一致，故选择G项。答案：G5解析：空格前的“car cabin has been filled_with_water”与C项中的“fill up with water”对应，而C项所表达的意思也与空格后的“While there is still air in the car”相关联，故此题选择C项。答案：CPassage 3(xx辽宁五校) There is an English saying：“_1_” Until recently, few people took the saying seriously. Now, however, doctors have begun to look into laughter and the effects it has on the human body. _2_ Tests were carried out to study the effects of laughter on the body. People watched funny films while doctors checked their hearts, blood pressure, breathing and muscles. It was found that laughter has similar effects to physical exercise. _3_ If laughter exercises the body, it must be beneficial. Other tests have shown that laughter appears to be able to reduce the effect of pain on the body. In one experiment doctors produced pain in groups of students who listened to different radio programs. The group that tolerated(忍耐) the pain for the longest time was the group which listened to a funny program. _4_ _5_ They have found that even if their patients do not really feel like laughing, making them smile is enough to produce beneficial effects similar to those caused by laughter.ALaughter can prolong ones life.BAs a result of these discoveries, some doctors in the United States now hold laughter clinics in which they help to improve their patients condition by encouraging them to laugh.CThe reason why laughter can reduce pain seems to be that it helps to produce a kind of chemicals in the brain which diminish both stress and pain.DIt increases blood pressure, the heart beating and breathing；it also works several groups of muscles in the face, the stomach and even the feet.EAlthough laughter helps cure the disease, doctors still can not put this theory into clinic practice.FLaughter is the best medicine.GThey have found that laughter really can improve peoples health.解读： 医生通过实验证明，好心情也是一剂良药。1解析：下文医生所做的实验表明笑有助于身体健康，缓解疼痛等，可推断出F“笑是最好的良药”符合文意。答案：F2解析：根据下文的It was found that laughter has similar effects to physical exercise.可知，医生发现笑与锻炼身体有着相同的功效。由此推断，答案选G“他们发现笑确实可以促进人体健康”。答案：G3解析：根据上文.while doctors checked their hearts，blood pressure，breathing and muscles.可知答案选D“笑使血压升高，心跳和呼吸加快，它还使面部、肚子，甚至双脚的肌肉得到运动”。答案：D4解析：根据上文The group that tolerated(忍耐) the pain.可知答案选C“笑可以缓解疼痛的原因似乎是它帮助大脑产生一种化学物质，这种物质减弱了压力和疼痛”。答案：C5解析：根据下文出现的their patients可知答案选B“由于这些发现，目前一些美国医生开办了笑诊所，在诊所里，他们鼓励病人通过笑来改善病情”。答案：BPassage 4(xx河南联考) Warren Buffett Warren Buffett, who is a successful investor, es off as a pretty ordinary guy.He was born on August 30,1930. _1_ He used to go door to door and sell soda water.When his family moved to Washington，Buffett became a paper boy for The Washington Post. Buffett ran his five paper routes and even added magazines to round out his product offerings.While still in school，he made $175 a month，a fulltime wage for many men._2_ He spent $1,200 on 40 acres of farmland in Nebraska.He and a friend also made $50 a week by placing pinball machines in barbershops.They called their venture(企业)Wilson Coin Operated Machine Co. Already a successful businessman, Buffett wasnt interested in going to college but ended up at the University of Pennsylvaniahis father encouraged him to go. _3_ But he was turned down, which had to be one of the worst admission decisions in Harvard history.The oute affected Buffetts life, for he ended up attending Columbia Business School, where he studied under Professor Benjamin Graham, the father of securities analysis who provided the foundation(基础) for Buffetts investment strategy. From the beginning, Buffett made his fortune from investing. He started with all the money he had made from selling soda water, delivering papers, and operating pinball machines. Between 1950 and 1956，he grew his $9,800 to $14,000. _4_ And then he gradually drew in other investors through word of mouth and very attractive terms. _5_ He doesnt collect houses or cars or works of art, and he disdains(鄙视) panies that waste money on expensive cars, private dining rooms, and highpriced real villas. He is a creature of habitsame house, same office, same city, same soda water.AThen Buffett applied to Harvard Business School.BBuffett is more likely to be found in a fourstar restaurant.CWhen he was 14, Buffett developed great interest in investment.DEven as a young child, Buffett was serious about making money.EOne thing is for sure about Buffett: he is happy to do what he is doing.FBuffetts investment strategy mirrors his lifestyle and his overall philosophy.GFrom there, he organized investment partnerships with his family and friends.解读：文章介绍了全球著名的投资商沃伦巴菲特的传奇人生。1解析：根据下文内容可知，巴菲特卖苏打水、送报刊，还在上学的时候， 一个月赚到的钱甚至相当于许多成人当时的全职薪水。由此推断，答案选D“甚至在巴菲特小的时候他就对赚钱很用心”。答案：D2解析：根据文章按照时间顺序叙述的特点，结合下文的举例“在内布拉斯加州将1200美元投资在40英亩农田上”和“在理发店安装弹球机”。可推断出答案选C“14岁时，巴菲特就对投资产生了极大的兴趣”。答案：C3解析：根据下文“这一定是哈佛大学历史上最糟糕的一个录取决定之一”可知答案选A“巴菲特曾申请哈佛商学院”。答案：A4解析：根据下文“然后，他渐渐吸引其他投资者”可推断出答案选G“他与家人和朋友结成投资伙伴关系”。答案：G5解析：下文介绍了巴菲特的生活理念，他反对把钱浪费在奢侈品上，喜欢一成不变。由此推断，答案选F“巴菲特的投资策略反映了他的生活方式和总体理念”。答案：FPassage 5(xx山西联考) munication is a vital key to meaningful and successful interactions(互动) and relationships. Your body has a language of its own._1_ The following discusses four important areas of nonverbal munication which can help you see what messages you may be sending to others. Consider the munication that occurs with the eyes_2_ Keep your eyes focused on the person speaking to you. Glancing away can send the wrong message that you are not interested. Remember，maintaining good eye contact is important to skillful munication._3_ Attempt to keep all facial muscles relaxed. Avoid tightening your jaw and clenching(咬紧) your teeth. It is remended that facial expressions reflect your inner feelings. It would be confusing to the person with whom you are municating, if you say you are happy but display a quite different emotion on your face. Evaluate your shoulder and arm placement Attempt to keep shoulders straight and back，arms relaxed.Avoid overuse of shoulder shrugging.Overuse of shoulder and arm movements are annoying and distracting. _4_ Consider your handshake Attempt to keep handshakes firm and decisive. Remember, not too long, not too short, not too rough, and not too flimsy(软弱无力的). _5_ It is customary to shake hands each time a meeting occurs. Also, keep your eyes focused on the individuals eyes when shaking their hand and verbally greet them. AEvaluate your body gestures BConsider your facial expressions CMake sure you offer your handshake to all you meet. DAttempt to be at eye level when municating with others. EDoing so takes the listeners attention away from your words to your movements. FBe aware of eyebrow gestures which could be misunderstood as negative gestures. GThis kind of nonverbal munication can be powerful for effective munication.解读：本文主要讲述了非语言交流的几种方式及它们所传达的意义。1解析：前一句提到Your body has a language of its own，后一句又说four areas of nonverbal munication，故此处选G项。答案：G2解析：此段讲述的是目光交流，故选D项。答案：D3解析：由下面一段facial muscles可知此处讲述的是B项，即“注意你的面部表情”。答案：B4解析：此处doing so指代前一句的overuse of shoulder and arm movements.答案：E5解析：此段讲述与人握手，故C项合适。答案：CPassage 6(xx云南统测) Weve all heard how great shopping on the Internet is and that you can get things far cheaper. How convenient it isyou can shop when you want to. How its easy to pare prices and how there are no long queues online! _1_ Do you trust the sellers? Do they have a secure server(服务器)? What is their delivery time? Can you contact them if the order goes wrong? Most shopping sites use some sort of shopping cart into which you can place items you have chosen, and then take them to the checkout when you want to pay. _2_ The following are a few hints about online shopping that weve learned along the way： Always print out your order confirmation. _3_ Try and get your goods delivered at a time when you will be there，otherwise your package might get lost! Dont get carried away(失去理智) and spend too much! To enable us to provide some of our services to you, we need to collect some personal information from youusually your name and email address.You may choose to tell us your preferences and country of origin when visiting our website. _4_ The big question for online shoppers is always, “Will our gifts arrive on time？” All of the stores listed on our website have varied delivery timetables for cities and countries. _5_ For the busiest times of a year: Christmas, Valentines Day, Singles Day，Mothers Day and Fathers Day，online retailers(零售商) will be doing everything they can to get your last minute business and will have posted holiday deadlines with cutoff purchase dates to ensure delivery. AAre there any hidden dangers or risks? BOrder more than just one item at a time to save on delivery costs. CBut before you start shopping there are a number of questions you have to ask yourself. DSo you should always check the timetables before making a purchase. EOvernight delivery is usually available. FThe checkout must be in a secure server in order for your transaction to be secure. GYou may also choose to provide us with your mobile phone number.解读：本篇讲述网上购物需要注意的几个问题。1解析：此处承上启下，由下面一连串的问题可判断此处选C项。答案：C2解析：此处讲述购物后付钱时要使用安全服务器，故选F。答案：F3解析：此处与上下并列，讲述注意事项，故选B。答案：B4解析：前面讲述你要提供一些个人信息，此处讲述你可以提供你的手机号码。答案：G5解析：此处讲述你要关注你所购物品的邮寄时间表。答案：DPassage 1How to find true friends The process of meeting people and developing friendships usually occurs when two people get to know each other through shared experiences or activities. When people move to a new place, attend a new school or start a new job, they often meet new people and friendships may develop as a part of that process. _1_ Here is some advice on how to find true friends：_2_ Most strong friendships form between people who share mon interests. When people work together on a project or play together on a sports team, they often form positive bonds by sharing enjoyable or meaningful experiences with each ot