2019年高考英语一轮总复习 附录三 常见熟词生义.doc

2019年高考英语一轮总复习 附录三 常见熟词生义1able(熟义：adj.会做某事的)My brother is a very able teacher.(adj.聪明能干的；能力出众的)2absorb(熟义：vt.吸收)I havent really had time to absorb everything that the boss said.(vt.理解，掌握)Absorbed in his puter game，he was unaware of things happening around him.(vt.专心于)3abuse(熟义：v.滥用；谩骂)The mother would never，never abuse her child any more.(vt.虐待)4account(熟义：n.账目)There are several accounts of the story in the newspaper.(n.报道，叙述)We should take everything into account when making the decision.(n.把某事考虑在内)5ache(熟义：v.& n疼痛)The boy was aching for a gift.(v.渴望)6acknowledge(熟义：vt.承认)Zhu Zhiwen waved his hands to acknowledge the cheers of the crowd.(v.表示感谢)7act(熟义：v.行动)The brakes wouldnt act，so there was an accident.(vi.起作用)8address(熟义：n.地址 v写地址)Professor Li is due to address a meeting on how to protect the environment this Friday.(vt.向发表演说；直接向说话)The president should be addressed as“Mr. President”(v.称呼)The article addresses the problems of childrens disease.(v.处理)9admit(熟义：vt.承认；允许进入)The great hall can admit 5，000 students.(vt.容纳)10adopt(熟义：v.采用，采纳，采取)After the earthquake，they adopted a homeless child.(v.收养，领养)11advance(熟义：v.& n前进，推进)She asked for an advance on her salary.(n.预付(款)12advise(熟义：vt.建议)Please advise us of the arrival of the goods.(vt.通知)13affect(熟义：v.影响)The audience were deeply affected by his lecture.(v.感动)Be careful not to be affected with H7N9.(v.疾病侵袭)14against(熟义：prep.逆着，反对；倚，靠；碰；与竞争)The picture looks nice against the white wall.(prep.映衬，以为背景)15age(熟义：n.年龄)The death of his wife caused him to age fast.(v.(使)变老)16aggressive(熟义：adj.好斗的；侵略的)Though poor at studies，he is regarded as a determined and aggressive student.(adj.进取的)17air(熟义：n.空气；航空)The news will first go on air at 8 pm this Sunday.(n.广播)Dont air your troubles too often.(v.抒发；倾诉；播送)The headmasters speech gave the meeting a heated air.(n.样子，神态，气氛)18alive(熟义：adj.活着的)The streets in Bangkok(曼谷)are alive with people.(adj.充满(活的或动的东西)19allow(熟义：v.允许)We must allow for the train being late.(v.allow for考虑到，顾及)20alone(熟义：adv.单独地，一个人地)We alone should determine what is right for us.(adv.仅仅，只有)21allowance(熟义：n.允许)The local tyrant(土豪) gave his son an allowance of ￥5，000 a week.(零用钱；津贴)22announce(熟义：vt.宣布)Warm sunshine announces the ing of the spring.(vt.预示着)23apply(熟义：apply for申请)Apply the cream evenly over the skin.(v.涂，敷)A similar technique can be applied to the treatment of cancer.(v.运用)24appreciate(熟义：v.欣赏；感激；感谢)We appreciate the danger ahead.(v.意识到)25arm(熟义：n.胳膊)He armed himself against the cold with a warm coat.(v.武装起来)Lay down your arms，or we will fire.(n.武器)26arrival(熟义：n.到达)All stood up to wele the new arrival.(n.到达的人或物)27associate(熟义：v.与相联系)He is promoted to be an associate professor.(adj.副的)B1badly(熟义：adv.坏)The boy badly wants a new bike.(adv.非常，迫切)2balance(熟义：n.& v平衡)The balance on your account is $5.(n.差额，余款)The school aims to balance the amount of time spent on arts and science subjects.(v.权衡)3bar(熟义：n.棒，条；吧间)Poor health may be a bar to success in life.(n.障碍)4back(熟义：adv.& n后面)If you back your car out of the driveway，I can get mine in.(v.使倒退)The union leader decided to back the government in its action.(v.支持)5beat(熟义：vi.敲打，击败)When I heard the news，my heart was beating faster than usual.(vi.心脏跳动)6blanket(熟义：n.毯子)The whole village was blanketed with heavy snow.(vt.以厚层覆盖)7bless(熟义：v.保佑，祝福)Fortunately were both blessed with good health.(v.被赋予，有幸得到)8blue(熟义：adj.& n蓝色)What makes you feel so blue？(adj.忧伤的)9board(熟义：n.木板，布告牌；n.& v登上(交通工具)He sits on the hospital management board.(n.委员会)In our school，the students board during the week and go home at weekends.(v.在校寄宿)10bound(熟义：adj.一定会)I dont like being deskbound all day.(adj.受约束的)11brain(熟义：n.脑子，智力)Some of our best brains are leaving the US to work in our own country.(n.智者，极聪明的人)12bridge(熟义：n.桥)He did much to bridge the gulf between himself and his deskmate.(v.消除)13build(熟义：v.建设)The athlete has a solid build.(n.身材；体形)C1cap(熟义：n.帽子)The snowcapped mountains make a breathtaking view.(v.覆盖)He has been capped three times for LA team.(v.挑选进入国家队)2capital(熟义：n.首都，首府；资本)The first letter is usually a capital letter at the beginning.(adj.大写的)3case(熟义：n.情况；状况)This is a case of fever.(n.病例；案例)4casual(熟义：adj.偶然的；随意的)He was employed as a casual laborer.(adj.临时的)5catch(熟义：vt.接住，明白)I feel terrible，because I have caught a bad cold.(vt.染上疾病)He was caught stealing in the shop.(vt.发现)6cause(熟义：v.致使)For the cause of revolution，he did not fear to die.(n.事业)7celebrate(熟义：vt.庆祝)The names of many heroes are celebrated by the poets.(vt.称颂，赞扬)8cell(熟义：n.细胞)a police/prison cell(n.拘留室；牢房)a photoelectric cell(n.电池)9ceiling(熟义：n.天花板)interest rate ceiling(n.上限)10certain(熟义：adj.确定的；无疑的)Certain basic rules must be obeyed.(adj.某些)11chance(熟义：n.机会)Im not sure of winning the speech contest，but let me take a chance.(n.冒险)I chanced to be passing when she fell and hurt herself.(v.碰巧)12charge(熟义：v.& n负责；收费；指控)If the light es on，the battery isnt charging.(v.充电)13circle(熟义：n.圆；圆形)The plane continued to circle the airport，waiting for permission to land.(v.在上空盘旋)14civil(熟义：adj.公民的，国内的)Try to be civil to her，even if you dont like her.(adj.彬彬有礼的，有礼貌的)15class(熟义：n.班级)They are the leading class in our country.(n.阶级，阶层；等级)16clean(熟义：adj.干净的)I clean forgot about it.(adv.彻底地；完全地)17cloudy(熟义：adj.阴的，多云的)The reason for her anger is rather cloudy.(adj.不明朗的)18coach(熟义：n.教练；四轮马车；长途公共汽车)She coached me in English.(v.辅导，指导)19coat(熟义：n.外套；动物的皮毛)The table is coated with dust.(v.给涂上或覆盖上一层)20conclude(熟义：v.推论出，下结论)The team shall attempt to conclude this project on time.(v.完成，结束)21conduct(熟义：v.指挥；带领，陪伴；n.行为举止)Plastic and rubber wont conduct electricity，but copper will.(v.传导)22count(熟义：n.& v计算，数)There are 10 people in the classroom counting two teachers.(vt.包括)It is the gifts that count.(vt.有价值，重要)23cost(熟义：v.花费n.费用，成本；代价)Joes brave action cost him his life.(v.以牺牲为代价)24course(熟义：n.课程；过程)Our dinner consisted of three courses only.(n.一道菜)25cover(熟义：v.覆盖)We have got to cover 20 miles before dark.(v.走完一段路)How many pages have you covered？(v.看完多少页书)The discussion covered a wide range of subjects.(v.涉及)His story was covered in China Daily.(v.报道)Here is 5 pounds，which should cover all your expense.(v.够付)26credit(熟义：n.赞扬，赞许；赊购)Much of their success can be credited to the famous expert.(v.把归功于)27cross(熟义：v.跨越，横穿n.十字)Dont be cross with him.After all，he meant to help.(adj.生气的)D1damage(熟义：v.& n损坏)He claimed 7，000 damages from the taxi pany.(n.赔偿金(复数)pensation)2dash(熟义：v.猛冲)Being badly ill，he was dashed to hospital.(vt.急送)His mother dashed him into going to school every day.(vt.催促)3decline(熟义：v.下降，减少)The kind shop keeper offered the boys some coffee，but they declined.(v.婉言拒绝)4deliver(熟义：v.递送；接生小孩)The chairman delivered an important report at the meeting.(v.发言，讲话)5desperate(熟义：adj.不顾一切的)Ben is desperate to get the job.(adj.极度渴望的)6deposit(熟义：v.把钱等存入银行)He deposited his money in the bank.(vt.放下；放置)He wonders whether they need to send a deposit.(n.押金)7desert(熟义：n.沙漠)He deserted his wife and children and went abroad.(v.抛弃；离弃)8develop(熟义：v.发展；开发；研制)Did you have the films developed？(v.冲印)develop a disease/a habit(v.逐渐形成)Being tired makes it easier for us to get sick and to develop physical problems.(vt.患病；出现问题)9difficult(熟义：adj.困难的)You must get the permission of your difficult grandmother before getting married.(adj.难以取悦的，不易满足的)10digest(熟义：v.消化 n文摘)I struggle to digest the opinion.(v.理解，领悟)11dismiss(熟义：v.解雇，开除)He did his best to dismiss the thought.(v.拒绝考虑(某观点、意见等)12down(熟义：adv.向下，在下面)I have been down ever since I heard the news.(adj.情绪低落的)13drive(熟义：v.驾驶)Hunger drove her to steal.(v.迫使某人(做不好或不快的事)We watched Dad drive the nail into the wall.(v.将砸入)E1easy(熟义：adj.容易的；安逸的)I wont be easy in my mind until they are safe at home.(adj.安心的)2employ(熟义：v.雇佣)The police employed force to open the door.(v.利用，使用)She was employed in making a list of all the jobs to be done.(v.忙于)3encourage(熟义：vt.鼓励；激励)Burning the field to encourage new plant growth.(v.促进，助长，刺激)4engage(熟义：vt.使订婚)As a student，he is engaged in various school activities.(v.参与，参加)I cant get through，for her line is engaged.(adj.电话占线)5enter(熟义：v.进入)He entered his name for an English contest.(v.报名参加)to enter data into a puter(v.输入)6entertain(熟义：vt.款待)He entertained us with his stories and jokes.(v.使快乐)7equal(熟义：adj.相等的；平等的)He is equal to the task of running a large department.(adj.胜任的)None of us can equal her as a dancer.(v.比得上，与匹敌)8escape(熟义：v.逃跑；逃脱)His name escapes me for the moment.(v.被忘掉；被忽视)9excite(熟义：vt.使激动)The professors lecture on Shakespeare excited our interest.(vt.激起)10express(熟义：v.表达)Is there an express from Nanjing to Shanghai？(n.快车)11exit(熟义：v.出去；离去 n出口)At the end of the third scene Zhang Junhao exits.(v.退场)12explode(熟义：v.爆炸，爆裂)We all exploded wild laughter at the news.(v.突然爆发(感情)13exploit(熟义：v.开发；开采；剥削)He exploited his fathers name to get himself a job.(v.利用)14extend(熟义：v.扩大；使扩展；使伸长)He extended his hand to new employees.(v.伸展，舒展，展开(手臂或腿)15eye(熟义：n.眼睛)We asked our neighbor to keep an eye on our house while we were away.(n.关注，注意)In my eyes，diligence plays an important part in students study.(n.观点，判断)F1fade(熟义：v.褪色)All memory of her childhood had faded from her mind.(v.逐渐消失)Fade out the music at the end of the scene.(v.渐强/弱；淡入/淡出)2fail(熟义：v.失败)Trapped in traffic jam，he failed to catch the train.(v.未能)He is failing in health./His health is failing.(v.衰退，衰弱)Words failed me to describe my feeling.(vt.使失望；舍弃；辜负)3fancy(熟义：adj.想象的，奇幻的；昂贵的)He has a fancy for cycling.(n.爱好，迷恋)He fancied himself as an authority.(v.自负地认为)4fashion(熟义：n.时尚，时装)He greeted us warmly in his usual friendly fashion.(n.方式)5fast(熟义：adj.& adv.快的/地)Hes fast asleep.(He has a heavy sleep.)(adv.完全地)6fine(熟义：adj.美好的，很棒的，晴朗的)Theres a fine distinction between the meanings of the two words.(adj.微妙的)The driver will be fined if he parks the car there.(v.罚款)7fix(熟义：v.固定，安装，修理)Looking up，I saw his eyes fixed on me in curiosity.(vt.吸引)Has the date of the next meeting been fixed？(v.确定)8follow(熟义：v.跟着；仿效)He spoke so fast that I couldnt follow what he said.(v.理解，明白)Why didnt you follow my advice？(v.听从，接受)9force(熟义：vt.强迫)She forced her way through the crowd of reporters.(v.用力，强行移动)10foreign(熟义：adj.外国的；外交的)The subject is foreign to me.(adj.不熟悉的)He is honest.Telling lies is foreign to his nature.(adj.和格格不入)11form(熟义：vt.形成)I can not form an opinion about it.(vt.想出)12freeze(熟义：v.结冰，凝固)Freeze！Or Ill shoot.(v.不许动)The smile froze on her lips.(v.停住，僵住)13free(熟义：adj.自由的；免费的)We cant find a free space where we can park the car.(adj.无阻碍的；畅通的)Most of us hope to live a life free from pollution.(v.没有，不含)14fresh(熟义：adj.新鲜的)There is a shortage of fresh water on the island.(adj.淡的，无盐的)She is quite fresh to office work.(adj.无经验的)G1gain(熟义：v.获得；赢得)Dont worry.My watch gains.We still have time.(v.(钟表)快)I have gained weight recently.(vt.增加(速度，重量)2game(熟义：n.游戏；比赛)None of your little game！(n.把戏，花招)3given(熟义：pp.被给予)Given his poor health，he had better have a good rest.(prep.考虑到)4go(熟义：vi.去，变得)This information goes to prove my point.(vi.对有帮助，有助于)It goes by electricity.(vi.机器运行；运转；工作)Did everything go smoothly？(v.进展)The story goes that she has been married 5 times.(v.故事发生情况如何)The curtain doesnt go with the carpet.(vi.搭配)5grade(熟义：n.年级)He got excellent grades in exams.(n.等级，分数)He graded the students according to ability.(v.分等级；给分数)6ground(熟义：n.地面)Did the police have reasonable grounds to arrest him？(n.理由)I dont like the job，on the grounds that it gives me too much pressure.(n.理由是)H1heavy(熟义：adj.重的)The traffic today is especially heavy.(adj.交通拥挤的)2height(熟义：n.高度；身高)The housing market was at its height in the eighties.(n.顶点；极度)3hit(熟义：v.击中，打击)The film American dreams in China is quite a hit of this year.(n.成功；红极一时的人或事)4hold(熟义：vt.握住，抓住；抱住)The stadium holds 800，000 people.(vt.容纳)5hot(熟义：adj.炎热的)Were waiting for the hot news on the election results.(adj.最新的)She is one of Hollywoods hottest young directors.(adj.轰动的，走红的)6hungry(熟义：adj.饥饿的)Students are hungry for knowledge.(adj.渴望的)7hunt(熟义：v.追猎；猎杀(鸟兽)Please hunt the cat away from the garden.(vt.驱赶)He is hunting for a good job.(vi.搜寻)8head(熟义：n.头；首领)We decided to head for home.(v.朝方向前进)I1identify(熟义：v.鉴定；说明身份)One cant identify happiness with wealth.(v.认为某事物等同于)2ill(熟义：adj.生病的；坏的；不良的)The animals were ill treated.(adv.坏地，糟糕地)3industry(熟义：n.工业；产业)His success was due to his industry.(n.勤奋)4inspire(熟义：vt.激励；鼓舞)Her work didnt exactly inspire me with confidence.(vt.使产生(感觉或情感)His best music was inspired by the memory of his mother.(v.启发)5interest(熟义：n.兴趣)He acquired interests in a number of mines in this area.(n.利益；股份)6introduce(熟义：v.介绍)We want to introduce the latest teaching methods into schools.(v.初次投入使用或运作，采用)7invent(熟义：v.发明)He invented an excuse for his being late.(v.捏造，虚构)8invite(熟义：v.邀请)His policies invited widespread criticism.(v.招致，导致)The dishes are really inviting.(adj.诱人的)J1jam(熟义：n.果酱)He jammed four apples in his pocket.(vt.塞进)The accident jammed the main road for 2 hours.(vt.堵塞)There are traffic jams every day on this road.(n.堵塞)2job(熟义：n.工作)Sorting these papers out is going to be a long job.(n.费力的事)3jump(熟义：v.& n跳)Prices jumped by 70% last year.(n.& v突升；猛涨)4just(熟义：adv.正好；恰好)Many Americans no longer viewed it as a just war.(adj.公正的)I can just imagine his reaction.(adv.完全地；真正地)K1keep(熟义：v.保持，保留)Your coffee shop seems to be well kept.(v.经营；开设)He needs more money to keep his wife and children.(vt.养活)Everyone must keep the law.(vt.遵守)2key(熟义：n.钥匙，答案)The key factor in their success is hard work.(n.关键性的人或物 adj.关键的)3kid(熟义：n.小孩)Take it easy.Im just kidding.(v.开玩笑；欺骗)4kill(熟义：v.杀掉；害死)We often kill time playing cards.(v.消磨(时间)It kills him to admit he is wrong.(vt.使难受至极)His joke killed the audience.(vt.使笑/痛得要死)5know(熟义：vt.知道)I couldnt see who was speaking，but I knew the voice.(vt.辨别，认出)Those who have not known hunger can never imagine how it feels.(vt.经历)6knock(熟义：v.敲，击，撞)The newspapers spend too much time knocking government policy.(v.指责，找岔子)L1labour(熟义：n.劳动)He laboured up the stairs with his bag of books.(vi.费力地行进)2last(熟义：adj.最后的v.延续，够用(多久)He is the last person to tell a lie.(adj.最不可能的)3late(熟义：adj.& adv.迟到的/地；晚的/地)She missed her late husband very much.(adj.已故的)4lay(熟义：vt.放置；产卵；下蛋)The project is intended to lay the groundwork for future research.(vt.筹划，准备)5leg(熟义：n.腿)The last leg of the journey always seems the longest.(n.一段路程或赛程)6let(熟义：v.让)The couple decided to let the smaller flat at a lower price.(v.出租)7life(熟义：n.生活)The children are full of life.(n.活力，劲头)8lift(熟义：v.抬高n.搭便车)Being in the sunlight all day really lifted my spirits.(v.使某人开心，精神大振)9likely(熟义：adj.可能的)She seems the most likely candidate for the job.(adj.似乎合适的；仿佛恰当的)10long(熟义：adj.长，久)Im longing to see you again.(vi.渴望)11look(熟义：v.看)There is an excited look on his face.(n.表情)She kept her looks even in her old age.(n.美貌)12lose(熟义：v.失去；丢掉)Please hurry！My watch loses 10 minutes.(vt.(钟表)慢(与gain相对)13lot(熟义：n.量，批)With the number of private cars increasing，it is difficult for us to find a parking lot sometimes.(n.作某种用途的场地)M1make(熟义：v.制造，使)We can make 10 more kilometers by nightfall.(vt.前进)She would make a good teachershe is so patient.(v.成为)2map(熟义：n.地图vt.绘制的地图)Can babies map the experiences onto their memories？(vt.把与相联系)3mark(熟义：vt.做标记；留下痕迹；评分)This speech may mark a change in government policy.(vt.表明；是的迹象)4marry(熟义：v.和某人结婚；嫁；娶)They were married by the local priest.(vt.为主持婚礼，操办婚礼)5mask(熟义：n.面罩；面具)She masked her anger with a smile.(vt.掩饰；掩藏)6match(熟义：n.比赛，火柴)No one can match him in English.(vt.匹配，比得上)7mean(熟义：v.意思是，意味着)Its mean of you to speak ill of others.(adj.自私的，卑鄙的，吝啬的)8mend(熟义：v.修理；修补)The patient is still mending slowly after the operation.(v.痊愈；改善)9message(熟义：n.信息，口信)The film sends a clear message about the dangers of drugtaking.(n.教益；寓意)10might(熟义：v.或许)I pushed the rock with all my might.(n.力量，权威)11monitor(熟义：n.班长；(电脑)显示器；监视器)They have to monitor the robots and the production.(v.监控)12multiply(熟义：v.乘；乘以)Bacteria multiply rapidly in dirty places.(vi.繁殖)We can multiply our chances of success.(v.成倍增加；迅速增加)13must(熟义：v.一定，肯定)Her new novel is a must for all lovers of crime fiction.(n.必须的物品，不可缺少的东西)N1native(熟义：adj.当地的，本地的)He has native intelligence.(adj.天赋的，与生俱来的)2nobody(熟义：pron.没有人)He wants to be famous.He is tired of being nobody.(pron.小人物)3note(熟义：n.笔记)I noted that her hands were dirty.(v.注意)4novel(熟义：n.小说)He found a novel solution to the problem.(adj.新颖的)5nothing(熟义：pron.没什么，无物，无)Her advice helped me nothing.(adv.毫无，绝不)O1occur(熟义：v.发生)It never occurred to him that he didnt pass the exam.(v.被想到)2open(熟义：v.开adj.开着，打开的)They left the matter open.(adj.(问题，议事等)未解决的)3own(熟义：vt.拥有)He owned the child as his daughter.(vt.承认)4operate(熟义：vi.机器运转工作；做手术)The medicine began to operate at once.(vi.起作用)5observe(熟义：vt.注意到，察觉到)Do they observe Christmas Day in this country？(vt.庆祝节日，举行仪式等)6order(熟义：n.命令；顺序；整齐)He ordered a book from the publisher.(vt.订购；从购入)7occupy(熟义：vt.占空间，场所，地位)I have been occupied in reading history books.(vt.从事于，专心于)P1pain(熟义：n.疼痛)Mary took pains with her English lessons and got high marks.(n.尽力)2pay(熟义：v.付钱，给某人报酬)He has done something wrong.He will pay for it.(v.为付出代价)3paragraph(熟义：n.段落)There is a paragraph about the accident in the local newspaper.(n.报纸上的短片报道)4part(熟义：n.部分；零件，角色)In order to raise money，he had to part with his house.(v.分手；放弃；卖掉)5park(熟义：n.公园；庭院 v停车)She parked herself on the edge of the bed.(vt.坐下)6perform(熟义：v.表演，表现)The doctor performed a very successful operation on the wounded boy.(vt.做)He performed his duty well in his job.(vt.履行)7picture(熟义：n.图片；形象；样子；描绘 v描绘；想象)The overall picture for farming is encouraging.(n.状况；情形；形势)8polish(熟义：vt.擦亮；磨光)Polish up your English before going abroad.(vt.润色)9pool(熟义：n.水池；水塘)If we pool the ideas，we may find a better solution to the problem.(v.为共同目的集中(资金，物资，想法等)10position(熟义：n.位置；职位)Whats your position on the problem？(n.立场；观点)11possess(熟义：vt.拥有，具有)What possessed you to do such a thing？(vt.攫住；支配；控制)12practically(熟义：adv.实际上，从实际出发)The hall was practically empty.(adv.几乎，确实)13practice(熟义：n.实践；练习)He makes the practice of reading newspapers during breakfast.(n.惯例，习俗)14prescription(熟义：n.处方；药方)He has a prescription for happiness.(n.秘诀)15present(熟义：n.礼物adj.现在的；到场的)On Teachers Day，students usually present flowers to teachers.(vt.介绍；赠送)16produce(熟义：v.生产)He produced a letter from his pocket.(v.拿出；出示)17promise(熟义：v.& n许诺)The dark clouds promise rain.(v.有的希望；使有可能)18pronounce(熟义：v.发音)The doctor pronounced the patient to be dead.(v.宣称；宣布；判决)19press(熟义：v.压)He always tries to press his opinions on others.(vt.迫使某人接受想法、意见、东西)Young girls pressed round the singers car.(vi.拥挤，蜂拥前进)R1raise(熟义：vt.提高，饲养)We had to raise money for our project.(vt.筹集)Cloning has raised some peoples objection.(vt.引起)2rate(熟义：n.比率，速度)These potatoes rate among the best.(v.对做出评价；被认为，被评价为)Goods in that shop are sold at a high rate.(n.价格)3reach(熟义：vt.到达，抵达