2019年高考英语一轮总复习 语法专项突破 真题分类 形容词和副词.doc

2019年高考英语一轮总复习 语法专项突破 真题分类 形容词和副词【xx浙江卷】2Mary worked here as a _ secretary and ended up getting a fulltime job with the pany.Apessimistic BtemporaryCprevious Dcautious【解析】pessimistic悲观的；temporary临时的，暂时的；previous先前的，以往的；cautious小心谨慎的。题干的意思是：“玛丽曾在这儿做临时秘书，但最终在这家公司得到了一份全职工作。”根据题干意思可知正确答案为B项。【答案】B【xx浙江卷】6If we leave right away，_ well arrive on time.Ahopefully BcuriouslyCoccasionally Dgradually【解析】题干的意思是：“如果我们马上出发，我们将有望按时到达。”hopefully有希望地；curiously好奇地；occasionally偶尔地；gradually逐渐地。由题干意思可知正确答案为A项。【答案】A【xx浙江卷】18If what your friend es up with surprises you，dont reject it immediately._，imagine that it is true.AThus BBesidesCRather DOtherwise【解析】题干的意思是：“如果你朋友提出的想法让你吃惊，不要马上拒绝；相反，想象它是真的。”thus因此；besides况且，除此之外；rather相反，与此相反；otherwise否则，要不然。前后两句的语意是相反的，由此可知正确答案为C项。 【答案】C【xx福建卷】25The Forbidden City attracts a _ stream of visitors every day，especially during national holidays.Aconstant BmainCpowerful Dshallow【解析】首先了解四个选项的汉语意思。constant表示“持续不断的”；main表示“主要的”；powerful表示“强有力的”；shallow表示“浅的，肤浅的”。根据关键信息visitors可判断选择constant来修饰stream，在题目中表示“络绎不绝的参观者”。本题的意思是：“紫禁城每天都吸引着络绎不绝的游客，尤其是在国庆节期间。”【答案】A【xx福建卷】31Those poor and needy teenagers were excited to find a shop at the corner where they could buy _ priced bikes.Apetitively BrecentlyCreasonably Daffordably【解析】首先了解四个选项的汉语意思。petitively表示“有竞争力地”；recently表示“近来”；reasonably表示“合理地”；affordably表示“负担得起地”。由题干中的关键信息poor and needy和excited可知此处填affordably“负担得起地”。本题的意思是：那些生活艰苦而贫困的青少年，因在拐角处发现了他们在那里能买到可负担得起的自行车的商店而感到兴奋。 【答案】D【xx辽宁卷】27Everything seemed to be going _ for the first two days after I moved to New York.Avividly BgenerallyCfrequently Dsmoothly【解析】vividly意为“生动地”；generally意为“一般地，通常地，广泛地”；frequently意为“经常地，频繁地”；smoothly意为“顺利地；平滑地”。句意：我搬到纽约之后的头两天，一切似乎都很顺利。结合句意可知答案为D。【答案】D【xx辽宁卷】33This is by far _ movie that I have ever seen.Aan inspiring Ba much inspiringCthe most inspiring Dthe more inspiring【解析】句意：这是我所看过的最鼓舞人心的一部电影。by far表示“得多，最”，用来修饰比较级和最高级。根据定语从句“我所看过的”可知，此处应该用形容词的最高级形式。【答案】C【xx湖北卷】27People plain that decisions to approve or deny a permit are often_rather than based on fixed criteria.Aappropriate BconsciousCarbitrary Dcontroversial【解析】appropriate“恰当的，合适的”；conscious“意识到的，清醒的”；arbitrary“随意的，任意的，武断的，专横的”；controversial“有争议的”。与后文的fixed criteria(确定的标准/原则)呼应，这里用arbitrary表示“随意的，任意的”。句意：人们抱怨说，决定颁发许可证或者拒绝授予许可证，这些决定通常都是随意性的行为，而不是以确定的标准为基础的。【答案】C【xx湖北卷】28He didnt selfishly keep for himself the money inherited from his uncle. Instead, he made a_contribution to help the munity.Amercial BgenerousCparable Dprofitable【解析】mercial“商业的，商务的”；generous“慷慨的，大方的”；parable“类似的，比得上的”；profitable“有利可图的”。根据关键词instead可知，前后语意相反，make a contribution表示“捐献”，因此B项“慷慨的，大方的”符合语境。句意：他没有自私地把从叔叔那里继承的钱自己留着，而是慷慨捐赠出去以帮助社区。【答案】B【xx湖北卷】29Dont defend him any more. Its obvious that he_destroyed the fence of the garden even without apology.Aaccidentally BcarelesslyCdeliberately Dclumsily【解析】accidentally“无意地”；carelessly“粗心地”；deliberately“故意地”；clumsily“笨拙地”。由第一句“不要再为他辩护了”可知，他是“故意地，刻意地”毁坏篱笆。句意：你不要再为他辩护了，显然他是故意把花园的篱笆弄坏了，而且还不道歉。【答案】C【xx安徽卷】30David is _ animal fur，so he wont visit anyone who has cats or dogs in the house.Acurious about Ballergic toCsatisfied with Dfond of【解析】be curious about对好奇；be allergic to对过敏；be satisfied with对感到满意；be fond of喜欢。根据空格后的.so he wont visit anyone who has cats or dogs in the house可知，David对动物皮毛“过敏”。故选B项。【答案】B【xx安徽卷】33Its said that the power plant is now _ large as what it was.Atwice as Bas twiceCtwice much Dmuch twice【解析】句意：据说这个发电厂现在是以前的两倍大。倍数的表示法有多种，此处为“倍数词as形容词/副词原级as其他”结构。【答案】A【xx天津卷】3I think watching TV every evening is a waste of timethere are _ meaningful things to do.Aless BmoreCthe least Dthe most【解析】句意：“我认为每晚看电视是浪费时间有更多有意义的事要做。”根据a waste of time可知说话人不同意每晚都看电视，故破折号后的意思是去做更多有意义的事，所以选择B项。less与题目原意正好相反，所以错误；C、D两项都是最高级形式，不符合语境。【答案】B【xx江西卷】26There are a small number of people involved, possibly_twenty.Aas few as Bas little asCas many as Das much as【解析】句意：有少数人被牵涉其中，可能才20人。as few as常用来强调数量出乎意料地少。根据语境可知A项正确。【答案】A【xx新课标全国卷II】 9It may not be a great suggestion.But before _ is put forward，well make do with it.Aa good one Ba better oneCthe best one Da best one【解析】题干的意思是：“这也许不是一个很棒的建议，但是在_被提出之前，我们还是先凑合着用吧。”分析题意可知，另一个建议是与先前的相比较，应用比较级，所以选B。【答案】B【xx新课标全国卷I】25Tony can hardly boil an egg，still _ cook dinner.Aless BlittleCmuch Dmore【解析】本题考查几个形容词或副词原级和比较级的用法。句意：托尼几乎不会煮鸡蛋，更不用说做晚餐了。still less是一个固定结构，表示“更不用说，更别提”，因此选A。这里前后是比较的意思，因此原级形式的B和C项不符合语境和语法规则；D项表示“更多”，与此处表达的意义不符。【xx福建卷】35A society cannot be successful if it throws tradition away，but it cannot be successful _ if we do something to stop progress.Aeither BneitherCtoo Dalso【解析】首先了解四个选项的汉语意思。neither意为“两者都不”，用在该题中不合语境，故排除；either，too，also三词都意为“也”，但either用于否定句中，而too和also用于肯定句中。由题干中的关键信息but和cannot可知此处为否定句，应选either。本题的意思是：“一个社会如果丢弃了传统是不会成功的，但是如果我们做了阻碍(社会)进步的事情，这个社会也是不会成功的。”【答案】A【xx江西卷】24What a terrible experience! _， youre safe nowthats the main thing.AAnyway BBesidesCOtherwise DTherefore【解析】选项中四个单词均为副词，anyway意为“无论如何，至少”；besides意为“而且，此外”；otherwise意为“否则”；therefore意为“因此”。句意：多么可怕的经历呀！至少，你现在是安全的那才是最重要的事。故A项符合语境。【答案】A【xx安徽卷】31If parents have children help with housework，the children will feel needed._，they will learn to take care of themselves.AOn the contrary BIn a wordCThat is to say DWhats more【解析】句意：如果父母让孩子们帮助做家务，那么孩子们会有被需要的感觉，而且，他们也能学会照顾自己。on the contrary相反；in a word总之，表示归纳总结；that is to say也就是说，换句话说；whats more而且，表示递进或添加。此处为递进关系，故选D项。【答案】D【xx湖南卷】24. Bicycling is good exercise; _, it does not pollute the air. A. neverthelessB. besidesC. otherwiseD. therefore【答案】B【考点】本题考查副词含义辨析。【解析】根据句意：“骑自行车是一种很好的运动方式，而且又不会造成大气污染”故选B（besides而且，加之，除此以外）。词汇 副词besides 【xx辽宁卷】22. We used to see each other , but I havent heard from him since last year. A. especially B. regularly C. particularly D. approximately【考点】副词词义辨析【答案】B【解析】A项意为“尤其；特别”；B项意为“定期地，经常地”；C项意为“特别，尤其”；D项意为“近似地，大约”。根据句意“我们原来经常见面，但从去年我就没再收到过他的信”。【xx四川卷】7. The hotel is almost finished, but it _ needs one or two weeks to get ready for guests.A. only B. also C. even D. still 【答案】 D 【考点】本题考查副词用法【解析】根据句意“这个旅馆差不多竣工了，但仍还要一两周才可以接待客人。”选still（仍然，还）。【xx北京卷】28. Many people have donated that type of blood; however, the blood bank needs _.A. some B. less C. much D. more【答案】D【考点】形容词考点。比较级，根据句意即可判断。【xx全国II】13. Next to biology , I like physics _.A. better B. best C. the better D. very well 【答案】 B【解析】此处best 是副词的最高级，修饰动词like。【xx天津高考】The dog may be a good panion for the old. _, the need to take it for walks may be a disadvantage.A. Besides.B. HoweverC. ThereforeD. Instead.【xx天津高考】The secretary arranged a(n)_time and space for the applicants to have an interview.A. important B. spareC. publicD. convenient【xx课标全国卷】29. This restaurant wasnt that other restaurant we went to. A. half as good as B. as half good as C. as good as half D. good as half as 【答案】A【解析】在asas句型中，倍数放在第一个as的前面，故A正确。句意：这家饭店不及我们去过另一家的一半好。【考点】考查形容词同等比较句型。【xx全国新课程】26. The result is not very important to us, but if we do win, then so much _.A. the best B. best C. better D. the better 【答案】D 【解析】此处so much修饰名词，所以用the better的形式。句意：这结果对我们来说不很重要，但如果我们真的赢了，那就太好了。【考点】考查形容词、副词的比较等级的用法。【xx山东卷】33. Be _ you cant expect me to finish all this work in so little time. A. reasonableB. confidentC. creative D. grateful 【答案】A【解析】confident有信心的；creative有创造力的；grateful感激的；reasonable有道理的。句意：要讲道理，你不能指望我在如此短的时间里完成所有的工作。【考点】考查形容词词义辨析及语境理解。【xx福建卷】27. Anyone, whether he is an official or a bus driver, should be respected.A. especiallyB. equally C. naturally . D. normally【考点】本题考查副词辨析。【xx浙江卷】18。Mike was usually so careful, _this time he made a small mistake.A. yetB. stillC. evenD. thus【考点】副词【答案】A【解析】根据句意：麦克通常很认真的，然而（yet）这次他犯了个小错误。Still仍旧；even甚至；thus因此，均不符合语境，故排除。【xx浙江卷】10. The research lacks evidence, and therefore, its conclusions are doubtful.A. solidB. fierceC. severeD. potential【考点】形容词词义辨析【答案】A【解析】根据句意：研究缺乏实证（solid evidence），因此所得出的结论还有待考证。fierce激烈的；severe严重的；potential潜在的，均不符合语境，故排除。【xx湖北卷】26. “Perhaps we need to send for Dr. Smith to see what we can do about it,” Father suggested _ to his neighbor who had e to discuss the problem. A. tentativelyB. thoughtlesslyC. definitelyD. rudely【答案】 A【考点】考查副词辨析。难度中等。【解析】句意为：“看来我们要请史密斯先生来看看我们对此如何处理”，父亲对到此讨论此问题的邻居试探性地说。A项“试探性地”，符合语境。B项意为“欠考虑地”，C项意为“明确地”，D项意为“粗鲁地”，都与语境不符。【xx湖北卷】27. Can you tell the _ difference between the words “require” and “request”? I sometimes get puzzled by their meanings. A. dramaticB. regionalC. apparentD. subtle【答案】 D【考点】考查形容词辨析。难度中等。【解析】句意为：你能区分“require”和“request”的细微差别吗，D项意为“细微的”，符合句意。A项意为“戏剧性的”，B项意为“地域性的”，C项意为“显然的”，都与句意不符。【xx湖北卷】28. Whether the buildings in this area should be pulled down has remained _; people are still looking for other possible solutions.A. unchallenged B. relevant C. controversial D. contradictory【答案】 C【考点】考查形容词辨析。难度中等。【解析】句意为：这些建筑是否要推倒仍然有争议，人们仍然在寻找其它可能的解决方法。C项意为“有争议的”，符合句意；A项意为“不改变的”，B项意为“相关的”，D项意为“矛盾的”，都与语意不符。【xx安徽卷】34.Queen Elizabeth is often to be the richest woman in the world. , her personal wealth seems rather small.A. Besides B. Otherwise C. However D. Altogether【答案】C【解析】前面说她富有，后面说她个人财富相当少。【xx安徽卷】23. Interest is as to learning as the ability to understand , even more so. A. vital B. available C. specific D. similar 【答案】A【解析】be vital to对.极端重要；something be available to somebody某人可以得到某物; specific 不能与to 搭配；be similar to 与.相似。本题可以把定于to understand 省掉，也可以把后面的even more so省掉或还原。【2011全国卷,30】The form cannot be signed by anyone yourself.A.rather than B.other than C.more than D.better than【答案】B【考点】考查副词短语的辨义。【解析】句意为“这张表格只能由你本人签字。”rather than而不；other than除了，相当于but和except；more than不仅仅；better than比多、好。选B。【2011全国卷II,12】It is one thing to enjoy listening to good music, but it is another to play it well yourself. A. quite B. very C. rather D. much【答案】A【考点】考查程度副词的区别。【解析】句意为“欣赏好的音乐是一回事，但是自己把它演奏好完全是另一回事。”表示“很，非常”时，very用来修饰形容词、副词或分词形容词，much用来修饰形容词或副词的比较级、最高级，也可修饰形容词性的过去分词或描述性形容词的原级；quite和rather都可修饰名词，但rather多用于贬义；another指的是another thing，这个名词受quite的修饰。因此选A。【2011全国卷II,17】Mr. Stevenson is great to work for I really couldnt ask for a _ boss.A. better B. good C. best D. still better【答案】A【考点】考查比较级的否定用法。【解析】句意为“为Stevenson先生工作真好，我实在找不到比他更好的老板了。”否定词couldnt与better连用，表示“非常好”，等于最高级；still better不能用于否定句中。因此选A。【2011上海春招,28】Youd be exposed to a lot _ pollution if you moved to a town with pure water and air.A. moreB. mostC. lessD. least【答案】C【考点】考查形容词比较级的用法。【解析】句意为“如果我们搬到空气清新、水质纯净的小镇去，我们受到的污染将会少得多。”空格前的a lot修饰比较级more或less，根据后面的语意，选C。【2011江苏卷,25】In that school, English is pulsory for all students, but French and Russian are _.AspecialBregionalCoptionalDoriginal【答案】C【考点】考查形容词的辨义。【解析】句意为“在那所学校，英语是学生的必修课，而法语和俄语是选修课。”special特别的，特意的；regional地区的，地方的；optional可选择的；original原始的，最初的。句中由but进行转折，由此可知法语和俄语不是必修课而是可以选修，所以正确答案为C。【2011福建卷,30】Nowadays, there is a increase in childrens creativity, for they are greatly encouraged to drevelop their talents.A.sharp B.slight C.natural D.modest【答案】A【考点】考查形容词的辨义。【解析】句意为“现在的孩子们在创造力上有很大的提高，因为他们被极力地鼓励着去发展他们的天赋。”sharp明显的，急剧的；slight轻微的，稍稍的；natural自然的，天生的；modest谦虚的，不过分的。因此选A。【2011安徽卷,31】_, I managed to get through the game and the pain was worth it in the end.A. Hopefully B. Normally C. Thankfully D. Conveniently【答案】C【考点】考查副词的辨义。【解析】句意为“庆幸的是，我终于打完了比赛，其中的辛苦没有白费。”hopefully充满希望地；normally正常地；thankfully庆幸地；conveniently方便地。根据句意，选C。【2011浙江卷,9】The professor could tell by the _look in Marias eyes that she didnt understand a single word of his lecture. A. cold B. blank C. innocent D. fresh【答案】B【考点】考查形容词的辨义。【解析】句意为“根据Maria茫然的眼神，这位教授能够看出她对他所讲的内容连一个字也没有听懂。”cold冰冷的；blank空虚的，茫然的；innocent无辜的；fresh新鲜的。根据后面didnt understand，选B。【2011浙江卷,13】Ive been writing this report_ for the last two weeks, but it has to be handed in tomorrow.A. finally B. immediately C. occasionally D. certainly【答案】C【考点】考查副词的辨义。【解析】句意为“在过去的两周里，我是时续时断地写这个报告，可是这个报告明天就得交了。”finally最终地；immediately立即，马上；occasionally偶尔地；certainly肯定地。【2011浙江卷,16】My schedule is very _right now, but Ill try to fit you in. A. tight B. short C. regular D. flexible【答案】A【考点】考查形容词的辨义。【解析】句意为“现在，我的计划很紧凑，但我会尽力把你安排进去。”tight (安排)紧凑的, 紧密的；short简短的，短缺的,不够；regular有规律的, 定期的，符合规定的；flexible柔韧的，灵活的，可变通的。【2011四川卷,12】How are your recent trip to Sichuan? Ive never had one before.A.a pleasant B.a more pleasant C.a most pleasant D.the most pleasant【答案】B【考点】考查比较级的否定用法。【解析】句意为“最近你到四川的旅行怎么样？从来没有这么愉快过。”否定词never与a more pleasant连用，表示“非常愉快”，等于最高级。the most pleasant是特指，需要有比较的范围，但是这个范围并不存在。因此选B。【2011陕西卷,17】The new stadium being built for the next Asian Games will be the present one。 A.as three times big as B. three times as big asC. as big as three times D. as big three times as【答案】B【考点】考查倍数的表达法。【解析】句意为“为下一届亚运会而修建的体育馆将会是目前的体育馆三倍大小。”表示倍数的词做修饰语时，放在as的前面，即“倍数 + as + adj. + as”， 因此选B。【2011湖北卷,23】The old engineers eyes still shone bright in the wrinkled brown face and his step as he came across the room was_，though slow.A. shaky B. heavy C. casual D. steady【答案】D【考点】考查形容词的辨义。【解析】句意为“这位年长的工程师，古铜色的脸上布满皱纹，但目光炯炯。当他走过房间时，步子虽慢但是沉稳。”shaky颤抖的；heavy沉重的；casual漠不关心的，冷淡的；steady稳定的。根据前面的交代，选D。【2011湖北卷,24】An unhappy childhood may have some negative effects on a persons characters; however, they are not always_,A. practical B. avoidable C. permanent D. beneficial【答案】C【考点】考查形容词的辨义。【解析】句意为“不幸的童年可能会对人的性格产生一些消极的影响；然而，这些影响不总是持久的。”practical实际的，实用的；avoidable可避免的；permanent永久的，持久的；beneficial有益的。根据语意，选择C。【2011湖北卷,25】The state-run pany is required to make its accounts as_ as possible for its staff to monitor the use of money.A. transparent B. reasonable C. secure D. formal【答案】A【考点】考查形容词的辨义。【解析】句意为“这家国营企业被要求财务尽可能做到透明，以便公司的员工能对金钱的使用加以监督。”transparent透明的；reasonable合理的；secure安全的；formal正式的。根据句意，选A。【2011江西卷24】The film is , I have to say, not a bit interesting.Why? Its _ than the films I have ever seen.A. far more interesting B.much less interestingC. no more interesting D.any less interesting【答案】A【考点】考查形容词比较级。【解析】句意为“我得说，这部电影一点都不令人感兴趣。什么？这可比我看过的电影有趣得多了。”程度副词可修饰形容词比较级，放于比较级前。根据应答者用“Why?”进行的反问，选A。【2011江西卷33】She has already tried her best. Please dont be too _ about her job.A.special B.responsible C.unusual D.particular【答案】D【考点】考查形容词的固定搭配。【解析】句意为“她已经尽了最大的努力。请不要对她的工作太挑剔了。”be particular about 对挑剔，是固定搭配。选D。