2019-2020年七年级英语Module7 Section 2 Words and Expressions教案 外研社.doc

2019-2020年七年级英语Module7 Section 2 Words and Expressions教案 外研社1. oclock: adv. 点钟 word that shows what hour of the day it is: Can you be here at eight oclock tomorrow morning? 明天早晨八点你能到这儿吗？ What time is it? Its six oclock. 现在几点了？六点了。 2. halfn. 半；一半 one of two equal parts of something: Its half past ten. 十点半了。 He cut the apple in two halves. 他把苹果切成两半。 This bottle is only half full. 这个瓶子只装了一半东西。 Half of them are boys. 他们中的一半是男孩子。 adj. 一半的 being one of two equal parts: We talked together for only half an hour. 我们在一起只谈了半小时。 adv. 部分地；相当地 partly: I half believed he was telling the truth. 我有点相信他讲的是真话。 Its a bad habit to leave ones work half done. 工作做了一半就丢开，是个坏习惯。 3. pastadj. 过去的；从前的 of the time that has gone: Summer is past. 夏天过去了。 Henry was a past king of England. 亨利八世是英国过去的一个国王。 The history of the past is a guide for the future. 过去的历史是将来的指南。 2. 刚过去的；上一个的 last: He has been ill for the past two weeks. 两周来他一直在生病。 I have been in Harbin for the past two years. 在过去的两年里我一直在哈尔滨。 It is now past midday. 现在已过中午了。 She is past seventy. 她七十多岁啦。 adv. 他跑过去了。 He ran past. n. U 过去；从前 the time before now; time long ago: We cannot change the past. 我们无法改变过去。 I played tennis in the past, but I dont want to play again. 我过去打过网球，但现在不想再打了。 In the past, people had candles to light their homes. 过去人们家里点蜡烛照明。 2. 往事；经历 your life before now: She knows nothing of his past. 她不知道他过去的经历。 Tell me about his past. 请告诉我他的过去情况。 She was thinking of the past. 她在回忆往事。 the irrevocable past 不可改变的过去 be handed down from the long past 很久以前留传下来的 recall the past 回忆往事 prep. 1. 晚于；在之后；过 later than; after: The bill is past due. 票据过期了。 Its half past ten. 现在十点半。 Its past dinner time and Im hungry. 过了开饭时间了，我饿了。 My grandmother is now past ninety. 我祖母已过九十。 2. 从处经过；走过 by: Our car drove past the monument. 我们的汽车驶过纪念碑。 Marie took an apple as she walked past the tree. 玛丽从苹果树旁走过时摘了一个苹果。 4. artn. 1. 技术；技巧 skill: The pupil tried to learn his masters art. 学生想要学习老师的技术。2. 学术；文艺 certain branches of learning considered as means of intellectual development: His art of healing is remarkable. 他的医术是很高明的。 History is one of the arts. 历史是文科的一种。 3. 艺术 a branch of learning that depends on special practice: Writing position is an art. 作文是一种艺术。 The clock is a work of art. 这座钟是一件艺术品。 4. 美术 drawing; painting or sculpture: She is fond of fine arts. 她喜爱美术。 5. chemistryn. U 化学 study of gases, liquids, and solids to understand how they are made and what they do: a small chemistry lab of his own 一所他自己的小化学实验室 We study mathematics, chemistry, physics etc. 我们学数学、化学、物理等 analytical chemistry 分析化学 inorganic chemistry 无机化学 organic chemistry 有机化学 6. historyn. 历史；历史学 the record or the study of things which happened in the past: History has seen many events of the like. 历史上记载了许多这类事件。 Our next lesson is history. 下一节是历史课。 History is repeated. 历史重演。 Street names mirror history. 路名反映历史。 ancient history 古代史 authentic history 正史 contemporary history 现代史 human history 人类史 local history 地方史 modern history 近代史 ones personal history 个人履历 a secret history 秘史 the history of letters 文学史 in recorded history 在有文字记载的历史上 the History Museum 历史博物馆 bee history 成为历史 garble history 歪曲历史 7. aboutadv. 1. 大约；差不多 a little more or less than; nearly: We waited for about twenty minutes. 我们等了差不多二十分钟。 2. 几乎一样；近于 almost exactly: Peter is about as tall as John. 彼得几乎和约翰一般高。 3. 在附近某处；不远 somewhere near; not far away: Is the manager about? 经理在（附近）吗？ 4. 到处；各处 here and there; in different ways or places: The children were running about in the rain. 孩子们在雨中跑来跑去。 He is always leaving his papers about. 他总是把文件到处乱放。 prep. 1. 附近；周围；各处 around; here and there: There were a lot of flowers about the house. 房子周围有许多花。 Their house is about here on the map. 从地图上看他们房子在这附近。 He planted trees about the house. 他种树于屋子四周。 I dropped the key somewhere about here. 我把钥匙失落在这个地方附近。 We walked about the town. 我们在城里到处走动。 2. 关于；有关 of, on the subject of: The story is about giants. 这是关于巨人们的故事。 Theyre full of good advice about reading. 那里边尽是关于阅读的金玉良言。 I read about it in the newspaper. 关于那件事我是在报纸上看到的。 Are you talking about me? 你们在谈论我么？ I want to ask about the train time table. 我要查询一下火车行车时间表。 Whats he so angry about? 他恼怒什么？ Her mother was anxious about her. 他母亲挂念她。 3.（时间）近于 a little before or after a time: e about six p.m. 下午六点左右来。 He left there about ten oclock. 他大约在十点钟离开了那里。 8. startn. 1. 开始；起点 beginning of a happening, journey, etc: She came late after the start of the meeting. 会议开始后，她才来。 We must get ready for the start. 我们必须做好开始的准备。 This gave him a good start in life. 这对他的一生是个良好的开端。 2. 让人先跑；有利条件 extra help in a race, etc: How much start did they give you? Not much, only 10 yards. 他们让你先跑几码？不多，只有十码。 3. 惊动；惊起 moving suddenly because you are surprised, frightened, etc: Steve sat up with a start when I called him. 斯蒂夫在我喊他时吃惊地坐了起来。 I awoke with a start. 我惊醒了。 v. 1. 开始；着手 begin to do something: Classes started in May. 五月份开始上课。 Ive just started on the book. 这书我刚开始写。 Construction started in the middle of 1965. 一九六五年中期开始建。 School starts at 8.00. 八点钟学校开始上课。 She put up her umbrella when it started to rain. 开始下雨时，她打开了雨伞。 Suddenly the bell started to ring. 突然铃响了起来。 When the sun started to go down, he stopped and set up his tent. 太阳开始下山了，他停下来搭起帐篷。 He started working hard to improve his English. 他开始努力提高英语水平。 She started crying. 她哭起来了。 At fourteen he started earning a living for himself. 十四岁时他开始自我谋生。 2. 发动；开动；发起；创办 put in motion; set going; bring into; existence; originate: The society was started in 1957. 这个协会是一九五七年成立的。 He started a newspaper. 他创办了一份报纸。 Do you know how to start the car? 你知道怎样发动小汽车吗？ This news started me thinking. 这消息引起了我思考。 3. 出发；动身；启程 leave on a journey: Were just about to start. 我们正要出发。 We must start early. 我们得早出发。 When do you start for Scotland? 你们何时启程去苏格兰？ At what time did you start? 你们是什么时候动身的？ At last the train started. 火车终于开了。 4. 惊动；惊起 move suddenly because one is surprised, frightened, etc: Eric started when I banged the door. 我猛敲门时，埃里克吓了一跳。 Someone spoke to me suddenly and I started. 有人突然和我说话，使我猛地一惊。 He started at the sudden noise. 突然传来的响声把他吓了一跳。 He started from his seat. 他从座位里惊跳起来。 9. havev. 1. 有；持有 own or keep something: Do you have an umbrella? 你有伞吗？ I have something to tell you. 我有事告诉你。 What have I (is there) in my hand? 我手里有什么东西？ 2. 用于构成完成时 word that helps to form perfect tenses of verbs: I have already written to David. 我已经写信给戴维了。 I have been to Italy three times. 我曾经去过三次意大利。 3.（乐或苦）经历 experience; enjoy or suffer: I had a pleasant journey. 我有一次愉快的旅行。 I had a terrible dream last night. 昨晚我做了一个噩梦。 4. 使进行；使做成 (followed by p.p.) cause it to be done; get it done: We must have the machine repaired as soon as possible. 我们必须尽早（请人）把机器修好。 They had a picture taken with the Japanese friends. 他们和日本朋友在一起照了相。 5. 遭受 suffer or experience: Xiao Lin has had his hand burned. 小林的手烫了。 I had my money stolen. 我的钱被偷了。 6.（后跟名词）吃；喝；做（某事） (+ n.) to take, to do something: Well have noodles instead of rice for lunch today. 今天中午吃面条，不吃米饭。 Do you have tea or coffee in the morning? 你早上喝茶还是喝咖啡？ What will you have for lunch? 午饭你想吃什么？ 7. 允许；容忍 allow; permit: I only have good children in my house. 我只允许好孩子在我的房子里。 He wont have you say such things. 他不许你如此说。 8. 被迫；必须；不得不 to be forced, feel obliged: Well have to help them as much as we can. 我们得尽量帮助他们。 In the middle of the program they had to leave. 他们不得不在演出中退席。 9. 患病 suffer from: I had a severe headache that evening. 那天晚上我头特别疼。 10. 使（某人）做（某事） cause (a person) to do: She had never had anybody speak to her that way before. 从来没有人对她这样讲话过。 Wed be delighted to have you work with us. 我们很高兴你和我们一道工作。 At first she wasnt willing to have her daughter in law go out to work. 开始她不愿意让儿媳妇出去工作。 You would have everybody laughing at you if you did such a thing. 你要是这样做，大家都会笑你的。 We cant have that sort of thing happening. 我们不能允许发生这样的事。 10. housen. 1. 房子；住宅 building where a person or a family lives: How many rooms are there in your house? 你家的房子有几个房间？ They lived in small, dark houses. 他们住在阴暗的小屋子里。 We have built a new house. 我们盖了一座新房子。 2. 大楼；机构；议院；社；所 building for some special purpose: He was elected to the House of Representatives in 1847. 他于1847年被选入众议院。 The House of mons is part of the British Parliament. 下议院是英国议会的一部分。 11. breakvt. 1. 打破 to divide into pieces: The boy broke a cup. 那孩子打破了一只茶杯。 Billy broke his colored pencils. 比利折断了他的颜色铅笔。 2. 违背；违反 act in opposition to; infringe: Once again he broke his words. 他又一次违背了他的诺言。 Dont break our rules. 别违反我们的规章制度。3. 停止；中断 stop; put an end to: You should break the habit of smoking. 你应当戒掉吸烟的习惯。 Nothing broke the stillness. 没有任何声音打破沉寂。 break ones sleep 打扰某人睡眠 4. 告诉；使知道；泄露 tell; make known; reveal: Someone must have broken the bad news to him. 一定有人把这坏消息告诉他了。 5. 破（记录）；超越；超过 beat (a record); go beyond; surpass: She broke the former record. 她打破以前的记录。 6. 损坏某人的健康；失去健康；使衰弱 destroy a persons health; lose ones health; make or bee weak: He is breaking slowly. 他慢慢地衰弱了。 7. 损坏；损伤 harm something so that it will not work properly; be harmed: My watch is broken. 我的表坏了。 vi. 1.（指云层、黑暗等）散开；消失；消散 (of clouds, darkness, etc.) pass away; disappear; dissolve: The mist was breaking. 雾逐渐消散。 2. 破；碎；断裂；坏掉 go into smaller pieces by falling, hitting, etc.: Brittle things break easily. 脆的东西容易破碎。 My stick will break soon. 我的手杖快断了。 3. （指一天的）破晓 (of the day)begin; open; dawn: Day broke, he was still working. 天亮了，他还在干。 The day broke when they started. 他们出发时天已亮了。 n. 1. 破裂；裂缝（口） crack; place where something has been broken, etc.: The sun is shining through a break in the clouds. 太阳通过云层的缝隙放射光芒。 There is a break in the bag. 袋子有个裂缝口。 2. 短暂的休息时间 short time when one stops doing something: The bell rang for the break. 课间休息的铃响了。 Lets have a break from TV. 咱们歇一会，暂时别看电视了。 12. orconj. 1. 或者；还是 word that shows another person, thing, idea, etc.: A pen or a pencil is required. 需要一支钢笔或铅笔。 Are you going to the theatre or the cinema? 你去看戏还是去看电影？ 2. 要不；否则 if not, then: They must stay in the water, or they will die. 他们必须呆在水里，否则他们就会死亡。 Be careful, or you might fall and hurt yourself. 小心，要不你会摔伤的。 Dont move, or Ill fire! 不许动，不然我就开枪了！ 3. 即；换言之；也就是 that is, in other words: Its one hundred and twenty kilometres, or two hundred and forty li from here to my hometown. 从这里到我家乡有一百二十公里，即二百四十华里。 This distance equals two kilometres or 1.2428 miles. 这个距离等于2公里，合1.2428英里 13. dinnern. 1.（一天中最主要的一顿饭）午饭或晚饭 the main meal of the day: Some people have dinner at noon, and other people have dinner in the evening. 有些人在中午吃正餐，还有些人在晚上吃正餐。 That boy has eaten too much dinner. 那孩儿（饭）吃得太多了。2. （为某人或某事举行）宴会 a formal meal in honour of some person or event: Shall we give a dinner for her? 我们需要为她举行一次宴会吗？ The dinner was given in honour of the new president of the pany. 宴会是为欢迎公司的新经理而举行的。 a farewell dinner 告别宴会 a state dinner 国宴 14. finishv. 1. 完成 to plete: Have you finished your breakfast? 你吃完早餐了吗？ If you cant finish it in time, you may e and renew it. 如果你不能按时看完，你可以来（办理）续借。 I finished reading three novels during the winter vacation. 我在寒假里读完了三本小说。 The house will soon be finished. 房子不久就要完工了。 2. 结束 stop happening: She finished (primary) school in 1972. 她一九七二年（小学）毕业。 Every day I start work at 9:00 and finish at 5:00. 我每天九点开始工作，五点结束。 3. 完美，润饰 the quality of being finished perfectly or beautifully, polish, refinement: The wood work is beautifully finished. 这件木器做得很精致。They gave a finished performance. 他们进行了一次完美的演出。 4. 完成，结束，终结 plete, bring or e to an end: Some students finished their homework off yesterday afternoon. 有些学生昨天下午就做完了作业。 5. 吃光，喝光，用光 eat or drink up pletely, use or dispose of entirely: He finished off all the milk and I had to drink black coffee. 他把牛奶喝光了，我只得喝清咖啡。 6. 毁灭，杀掉，干掉 destroy, kill: This spray will finish off the insects. 这种喷雾剂能杀死这些虫子。 We soon finished off the remnants of enemy forces. 我们很快消灭了残余的敌军。 n. 1. 末尾，最后部分 the end or last part: The finish of the race was exciting. 比赛的结尾是激动人心的。 2. 完美，润饰 the quality of being finished perfectly or beautifully, polish, refinement: His writing lacks finish. 他的作品欠缺完美性。 15. housework n. 家务 the work of housekeeping, washing, cleaning, sweeping, cooking, etc.: Who is going to do the housework? 谁来干家务呢？ 2. 事情 thing