2019-2020年高考英语 语法知识汇总 第18章 交际英语.doc

2019-2020年高考英语 语法知识汇总 第18章 交际英语第一节 真题精析1. - Its getting late. Im afraid I must be going now. - OK. _ . 【04全国】A. Take it easy B. Go slowly C. Stay longer D. See you 2. - Can I look at the menu for a few more minutes before I decide? - Of course. _, sir. 【04全国】 A. Make yourself at home B. Enjoy yourself C. It doesnt matter D. Take your time3. Id like to take a weeks holiday. 【04全国】_, were too busy.A. Dont worry B. Dont mention it C. Forget it D. Pardon me4.-Could I ask you a rather personal question? 【04全国】 -_.A. Yes, dont worry B. Of course, go aheadC.Yes, help yourself D. Of course, why not5. -How long are you staying? -I dont know._. 【04江苏】A. Thats OK B. Never mind C. It depends D. It doesnt matter6. - What do you want to do next? We have half an hour until the basketball game. - _. Whatever you want to do is fine with me. 【04浙江卷】 A. It just depends B. Its up to youC. All right D. Glad to hear that7. - Brad was Janes brother! -_ he reminded me so much of Jane! 【04浙江卷】 A. No doubt B. Above all C. No wonder D. Of course8. - _ for the glass! 【04湖南卷】 - Its OK. Im wearing shoes. A. Look out B. Walk out C. Go out D. get out9. - Now, where is my purse? - _! Well be late for the picnic. 【04湖南卷】 A. Take your time B. Dont worry C. e on D. Take it easy10. Do you mind if I open the window? _ I feel a bit cold. 【04广东卷】A. Of course not. B. Id rather you didnt. C. Go ahead. D. Why not?11Go for a picnic this weekend ,OK?_ .I love getting close to nature. 【04福建卷】AI couldnt agree moreBIm afraid notCI believe not DI dont think so12Guess what ! I came across an old friend at the party last night. 【04辽宁卷】 Im sure you had a wonderful time.ASounds good!BVery well.CHow nice!DAll right.13 I didnt hear you clearly. Its too noisy here. I was saying that the party was great. 【04辽宁卷】ARepeat.BOnce again.CSorry?DSo what?14. How often do you eat out? , but usually once a week. 【04天津卷】A. Have no idea B. It depends C. As usual D. Generally speaking15. - Lets go and have a good drink tonight. _ Have you got the first prize in the petition? 【04重庆卷】A. What for? B. Thanks a lot. C. Yes, Id like to. D. Why not?16. Sorry, Joe, I didnt mean to【NMETxx】Dont call me “Joe”. Im Mr Parker to you, and you forget it!AdoBdidntCdidDdont17. Susan, go and join your sister cleaning the yard.Why ? John is sitting there doing nothing. 【NMETxx】AhimBheCIDme18. I think you should phone Jenny and say sorry to her. .It was her fault. 【NMETxx】ANo wayBNot possibleCNo chanceDNot at all19.- Im taking my driving test tomorrow. -_ ! 【NMETxx】 A. Cheers B. Good luck C. e on D. Congratulations20. Excuse me for breaking in. _I have some news for you. 【NMETxx】 A. so B. and C. butD. yet21. - Good morning, Grand Hotel. - Hello, Id like to book a room for the nights of the 18th and 19th. - _. 【NMETxx】 A. What can I do for you ? B. Just a minute , please. C. whats the matter? D. At your service.22.- What about having a drink?-_【NMETxx】AGood idea. BHelp yourself. CGo ahead , please DMe , too.23. - Waiter! -_ - I cant eat this , Its too salty. 【NMETxx】 AYes, sir?BWhat? CAll right?DPardon?24.I had a really good weekend at my uncles.【NMETxx】 A. Oh. thats very nice of you B. CongratulationsC. Its a pleasure D. Oh. Im glad to hear that25.-You havent been to Beijing, have you? -_.How I wish to go there! 【NMETxx】 A. Yes, I have B. Yes, I havent C. No, I haveD. No, I havent26.-Can I get you a cup of tea? -_.【NMETxx】 A. Thats very nice of youB. With pleasure C. You can, pleaseD. Thank you for the tea28. - Do you think I could borrow your dictionary? - _.【NMET1997】 A. Yes, you may borrow B. Yes, you could C. Yes, go on D. Yes, help yourself 28.- Id like to invite you to dinner this Saturday, Mr. Smith. - _ .【NMET1997】A. Oh, no. Lets not B. Id rather stay at home C. Im very sorry, but I have other plans D. Oh, no. Thatll be too much trouble29. Im sorry I broke your mirror. Oh, really?. 【NMET1996】 A. Its OK with meB. It doesnt matter C. Dont be sorryD. I dont care30. Ill be away on a business trip. Would you mind looking after my cat? Not at all. 【NMET1995】 A. Ive no timeB. Id rather not C. Id like it D. Id be happy to31. Do you think its going to rain over the weekend? _ . 【MET1994】A.I dont believe B.I dont believe itC.I believe not so D.I believe not 32. Hi, havent seen you for ages! You look fine! _ . You look well, too. 【MET1994】A. Great B. Thanks C. Oh, no D. Not at all 33. Dont forget to e to my birthday party tomorrow. _ . 【MET1994】A.I dontB.I wont C.I cant D.I havent 34. Would you like to e to dinner tonight? Id like to， _ Im too busy. 【MET1994】A. andB. so C. as D. but【答案与解析】1. D 该题考查道别的交际用语。第一句话是典型的道别时的用语，第二句话应该是再见See you= See you later。 句意：“太晚了。恐怕我得走了。”“好吧，再见！”2. D 该题根据交际情景考查交际用语。Make yourself at home 和在家里一样，别拘礼；Enjoy yourself玩得开心；It doesnt matter 没关系；Take your time从容不迫，慢慢来，不用着急。从语言环境看，应当选择D。句意：“我决定前能否看几分钟菜单吗？”“当然可以。不用着急，先生。”3. C该题是根据交际情景中考查交际用语。Forget通常用于祈使句中，表示“算了，别管了，故意不理”。又如：Oh, forget it. I refuse to go!噢，别管了，我不去!句意：“我想休假一周。”“别提这时，我们太忙。” A. Dont worry别着急；B. Dont mention it不用谢；D. Pardon me原谅我；都是根据汉语习惯的干扰。4. B 该题根据交际情景考查表示请求许可的交际用语。从选项看，应当表示允许，对may, could等表示请求许可的肯定回答用，certainly或of course。该题还涉及到go ahead的理解，go ahead意为：干吧，说吧。句意：“我可以问你一个有关你私人的问题吗？”“当然可以，问吧。”5. C 该题根据交际情景考查交际用语。该题关键是I dont know.不知道呆多长，看情况而定，depend（常与on, upon连用）意为：视情况而定，故选C. It depends。句意：“你要呆多长时间？”“我不知道。看情况而定。”6. B 该题根据交际情景考查习惯用语。该题根据Whatever you want to do is fine with me.选择，应该是B. Its up to you意为：你说了算，由你负责。A. It just depends意为：看情况而定，不合题意。7. C 该题根据交际情景考查习惯用语。No doubt意为：毫无疑问；Above all意为：最重要；No wonder意为：难怪；Of course意为：当然。据题意应选择C。句意：“布莱德是简的哥哥！”“难怪他在我面前总是提简呢。”8.A 该题考查提醒注意的交际用语。Look out for sth.意为：注意，留神。用以提醒他人注意。句意：“当心玻璃！”“好！我穿着鞋。”9. C 该题是在交际情景中考查短语动词的用法。take ones time意为：从容不迫；Dont worry意为：别发愁；Take it easy意为：沉住气，别紧张，慢慢来，e on意为：快点，赶快。据题意：“喂，我的钱包哪去了？”“你快点！我们野餐晚了！”10. B该题根据交际情景考查交际用语。考查对Do you mind?句型的回答。、关键词是I feel a bit cold说明答语者介意。故选B。句意：“我开窗你介意吗?”“我宁愿你不开。我感到有点冷。”11A该题是根据交际情景考查交际用语。I couldnt agree more意为：非常同意；Im afraid not恐怕不行；I believe not我认为不行；I dont think so我认为不这样。根据I love getting close to nature.得知，应当是同意，所以选A。句意：“本周末去野餐，好吗？”“非常同意。我喜欢贴近大自然。”12C 该提示根据交际情景考查表示情感的交际用语。第二个人听到第一个人说came across an old friend表达高兴的情感。句意：“你猜猜怎么着了！我在昨天晚上的晚会上偶遇一位老朋友。”“太好了。肯定你玩得很开心。”13C该提示根据交际情景考查社会交往中道歉的交际用语。该题根据I didnt hear you clearly.得知应当选择C。句意：“对不起！我刚才没听清你说的话。这里太吵了。”“我刚才说晚会很好。”14. B 该题根据交际情景考查交际用语。根据句意和but usually once a week.应当选择It depends意为：看情况而定。句意：“你多长时间出去吃一次饭？”“视情形而定。但通常一周一次。” 15. A 该题交际情景考查交际用语。根据Have you got the first prize in the petition?可以判断选择A。问目的。句意：“今晚我们一起去好好喝一杯。”“为何？你比赛的了第一了？”16D 该题考查在交际用语中祈使句的否定。句意：“对不起，Joe。我不是故意要”“不要叫我Joe。我是Parker先生，今后不要忘了。”前一句是干扰，这里是对别人的一种告诫，提醒注意，要用否定疑问句的一般现在时态。17 D 该题是在交际性用语中考查代词的使用。在口语中多用宾格。句子why me？可以理解成Why do you ask me to go and join my sister cleaning the yard?。句意：Susan,去和你姐姐扫院子。为什么叫我去？John坐在那没事干呢。18A 该题考查交际用语中表示不同意的态度的一种回答。前一句是提出一种建议，后一句表明了答者的态度不同意用“No way.意为：不，决不”。它可以单独使用用以回答问题，表明态度。其他三项不合题意与语言习惯。19B该题考查交际情境的对别人的祝愿的回答。所给的语境是对方要去taking my driving test参加驾驶考试，时态表示未来要做的事当然有要祝愿其Good luck一切顺利，通过考试，故答案为B。Cheers 或Congratulation，一般用是对已经完成事情的祝愿。句意：“明天我要参加驾车考试。”“祝你好运。”20 C该题考查交际情境的but引出理由或借口的用法。从前面看指因打断别人的工作或说话而请求对方的原谅,而后面是要引出理由或借口，说明事出有因，用but表示转折，答案为C。句意：原谅我冒昧闯入，但我有消息要告诉你。21 B 该题考查打电话的情景中运用英语进行交际的能力。从Id like to book a room for the night of the 18th and 19th .得知顾客的请求。因为是打电话，服务员要查一下是否还有这两天的房间，出于礼貌服务员要顾客稍等，才符合情景。At your service意为：随时提供服务；whats the matter?怎么回事? Can I help you ?不合题意。句意：“早上好，这里是豪华大酒店。”“你好，我想预定一间18号19号两晚的房间。” “请稍候。”22 A 该题考查交际用语中对别人建议的回答。 “What about doing?”是征求对方意见，提供建议的交际用语。因为对方同意这种做法，所以用 “Good idea.”回答。句意：喝一杯怎样？好主意！23A该题考查考生在实际情景中运用英语进行交际的能力。题干选用了一个三轮的对话以提供实现考查目的所需要的语境。体现了语言形式服务于语言运用的精神。由第一行顾客叫 Waiter?可知他（她）是有事要和服务员说的，服务员当然要回问有什么事，得体的回答应是Yes ,sir? 相当于 What can I do for you ? 或What s the matter? 意思是“先生，什么事？”用以了解对方的请求。此后顾客说出了自己的要求，整个对话入情入理。其他几项不能完成语意要求，B,C 项答所非问， D. Pardon? 题中并没有要求对方重复话语的意思。24 D 该题考查交际用语中对别人情感分享的回答。I had a really good weekend at my uncles. 说明说话人很高兴，提供了一个好消息。 答语Oh, Im glad to hear that.的意思是“听到这个消息我很高兴。”25 D 该题考查前否定后肯定反意疑问句的回答。该题关键在于：How I wish to go there！据此可断定，这是一个否定的答案，故用No，I havent.句意：“你没去过北京，是吗？”“是的，没去过。我多么想去那里。”26 A 该题考查交际用语中对别人提供帮助的回答。对别人提供帮助接受可以用下列回答： “Yes, please.” “Yes, thanks.” “Thank you. That would be nice /fine .” “Thank you for your help .” 。否定回答用“No, thanks” “Thank you all the same.” “Thats very kind of you .But I can manage it myself.”从四个提供的选项看来，这是接受别人的帮助,故选A。句意：“我帮你倒杯茶吗？”“噢，谢谢。”27 D该题考查交际用语中对请求允许的回答。该题关键词：help yourself除了有“请随便（吃点）”的意思外，还可以表示自己动手做某事。 在这里的意思是：请你自己动手拿那本词典。其他选项不合英语语言习惯。句意：“我可以借用你的字典么？”“可以， 自己拿。”28 C 该题考查交际用语中对邀请的回答。接受邀请可用：“Thank you. Id love to./Id very much like to./Id be glad to.; Thanks./Yes ,please ;Thank you for your help.; Thats very nice/kind of you.等。拒绝邀请可用：Im sorry, but I:;Id like to but Im afraid I; Id love to, but I;If you dont mind, Id rather;I hate to refuse you ,but I; Its all right ,thank you.; No ,thanks. I can manage it myself.等。从句意可知这是要拒绝对方，故选C。句意：“史密斯先生，我想本周六请你吃饭。”“对不起，我还有别的事。”29 B该题考查交际用语中对道歉的回答。当别人道歉时，可以用It doesnt matter. 回答。意为：没关系。句意：“对不起我把你的镜子打破了。”“噢，真的？没关系。”30 D 该题考查交际用语中对请求的回答。当对方请求你为其作某事时，可以用Id like to. 或 Id be happy to.意为：我乐意去做。句意：“我因公出差，为我照看一下我的猫，你介意吗？”“当然不介意。我非常乐意做。”31 D 该题考查交际用语中表示同意不同意的用法。so 和not作替代词时代替被省略的某个词、词 组或句子，一般同表示个人看法或想法的动词连用,表示同意不同意。如和be, be afraid, believe, bee, call, do, expect, fear, hear, hope, imagine, notice ,day, see, speak, suppose ,tell, think等连用；not 代替否定的句子，还可放在perhaps, probably, absolutely 等副词后。句意：“你认为本周末会下雨吗？”“我认为不会下的。”32 B 该题考查交际用语中对表扬的回答。该题的关键是：You look fine这是别人对你的表扬，回答应该用：Thank you ！句意：“嗨，好久不见了！你看上去很好。”“谢谢！你也是。”33 B 该题考查交际用语中对告诫的回答。对方告诫不要忘了明天的生日聚会，回答应当用wont 即表示将来,还表示意愿和态度。句意：“不要忘了来参加我明天的生日聚会。”“我不会忘的。”34 D 该题考查交际情境中对别人邀请的委婉谢绝的用法。在交际情境中，用but 来引出一种理由或借口委婉谢绝别人的邀请，该句中的Im too busy .是由but引出的不去参加晚宴的借口。句意：“你今晚来吃饭好吗？”“我愿意来，但是我很忙。”第二节 考点归纳 日常交际用语Daily Expressions in munication1、问候Greetingsa. Good morning/afternoon/eveningHello/Hi!How are you?Fine, thank you, and you?Very well, thank you. b. Best wishes/regards to. Please give my regards/best wishes/love to. Say hello to. Please remember me to. 2、介绍Introductionsa. This is Mr. /Mrs. /Miss. /Ms. /rade. May I introduce you to. ?Id like you to meet. b. How do you do?Nice/Glad/Pleased to see/meet you. Nice meeting you, Mr. /Mrs. /Miss. c. My name is. . Im a(student, teacher, etc. ). d. Im Chinese. 3、告别Farewellsa. Im afraid I must be leaving now. I think its time for us to leave now. Its time I met/did. I have to go now. b. Good-bye!(Bye-bye!Bye!)See you later/tomorrow. (See you). Good night. 4、感谢和应答Thanks and Responsesa. Thank you (very much). Thanks a lot. Many thanks. Thanks for. b. Its very kind of you to. Not at all. Its /Thats all right. Youre wele. 5、祝愿、祝贺和应答Good Wishes, Congratulations & Responsesa. Good luck!Best wishes to you!I wish you good luck/success!Good journey(to you)!Have a good trip. Have a nice/good time. Id like to congratulate you on. b. Thank you. The same to you. c. Happy New Year!Merry Christmas!Happy birthday to you!6、道歉、遗憾、同情和应答Apologies, regrets, sympathies & Responsesa. Sorry/Pardon. Im sorry. Im sorry for/about. Im sorry to hear. Im sorry to. have+ v-ed/that. b. Excuse me(for. )be afraid+that. What a pity/shame!Its a pity that. c. Thats all right. It doesnt matter. Thats nothing. 7、邀请和应答Invitations and Responsesa. Will you e to. ?Would you like to. ?Id like to invite you to. b. Yes, Id love to. Yes. Its very kind/nice of you. c. Id love to ,but. 8、提供（帮助等）和应答Offers and Responsesa. Can/Could/Shall I help you?Would you like me to. ?Is there anything (else) I can do for you?Do you want me to. ?What can I do for you ?Let me do/carry/help. (for you). Would you like some. ?b. Thanks. That would be nice/fine. Thats very kind of you. Thank you for your help. Yes, please. Here, take this/my. c. No, thanks/thank you. No, thanks/ thank you. I can manage it myself. Thank you all the same. Thats very kind of you , but. 9、约会Making appointmentsa. Are you /Will you be free this afternoon/tomorrow?How about tomorrow morning/afternoon/evening?Shall we meet at 4:30 at. ?b. Yes, thats all right. Yes, Ill be free then. c. No, I wont be free then. But Ill be free. d. All right. See you then. 10、情愿和希望Intentions and Wishesa. Im going to. . I intend/mean/plan to. I will. I feel like V-ing (going out for a walk)Id like toI(do not)want/hope to. Im ready to. I would rather not tell you. b. I want/hope/wish to. I wish that. I would do it if I should have the chanceI would like to. If only I could see him. 11、请求、允许和应答Asking for permission and Responsesa. May I. ?Can/Could I. ?I wonder if I could. Would/Do you mind if I open the window?b. Yes/Sure/Certainly. Yes,(do)please. Of course(you may)Go ahead, please. Thats OK/all right. Not at all. c. Im sorry, you cant. Im sorry, but. . Youd better not. 12、同意和不同意Agreement and Disagreementa. Certainly/Sure/Of course. No problem. Yes, please. Yes, I think so. Thats true. All right/OK. Thats a good idea. Its a good idea. I/We agree(with you). I agree to . . /that-clause. b. No. I dont think so. Im afraid not. Im afraid I(really)cant agree with you. 13、喜好和厌恶Likes and Dislikesa. I like/love. (very much). I like/love to. b. I dont like (to). I have (to). 14、决断和坚持Determination, Decision and Insistencea. I will. I have decided to/that. b. I insist on/that. 15、判断和意见Judgment and Opiniona. It certainly is Its correct to do. Well done/Good work!b. In my opinion. It seems. So far as I know. 16、职责ObligationYou must/have to/should/ought to. It is necessary to/that. 17、能力AbilityI can. He is able to. 18、偏爱PreferenceI prefer. to. Hed prefer them not to. Hed rather begin at once. 19、责备和抱怨Blame and plainta. He is to blame. She blamed him for. He shouldnt have done it. b. Im sorry to have said that, but. Why cant you do something about it?20、肯定和不肯定Certainty and Uncertaintya. Im sure(of that). Im sure(that). b. Im not sure(of that). Im not sure whether/if. I doubt if. c. Perhaps/Maybe. 21、禁止和警告Prohibition and Warningsa. You cant/mustnt. . If you. ,youll. Youd better not do it. Dont smoke!Dont be late!b. Look out!Take care!Be careful!22、可能和不可能Possibility and Impossibilitya. He can/may. It is possible that. b. He may not. He is not likely to. He is likely that. 23、预见、猜测和相信Prediction, Conjecture and Beliefa. He will. b. I guess that. He must have done. It seems (that). It looks as if . c. I believe that he is right. 24、请求Requestsa. Can/Will/Could/Would you. for me?Will/Can/Could/Would. you please. ?May I have. ?b. Please give/pass me . . Please wait (here/a moment). please wait(for)your turn. Please stand in line/line up. Please hurry. Make sure that. please. c. Dont rush(hurry)/crowd. No noise, please. No smoking, please. 25、劝告和建议Advice and suggestionsa. Youd better(not). You should/ought to. You need(to). I suggest that. b. Shall we. ?Lets. What/How about. ?Why not. . ?Why dont you. ?26、许诺PromisesI promise. You shall have . tomorrow. I will give. to you. 27、提醒RemindingDont forget to. . Dont you remember the days when. ?Make sure that everything is OK now. 28、表示焦虑Expressing anxietyWhats wrong?Whats the matter (with you)?Is there anything the matter?Im/Hes/Shes worried. Oh, what shall I/we do?We were all anxious about. 29、表示惊奇Expressing surpriseReally? Oh dear!Is that so?Good heavens!30、表示喜悦Expressing pleasureIm glad/pleased/happy to. Thats nice/wonderful/great. Hopefully tomorrow will turn fine. 31、谈论天气Talking about the weathera. Whats the weather like today?Hows the weather in. ?b. Its fine/cloudy/windy/rainy. Its getting cold/warm. Its rather warm/cold/hot. today, isnt it?Its a beautiful day today. 32、购物Shoppinga. What can I do for you?May/Can I help you?b. I want/Id like. How much is it?Thats so/too expensive, Im afraid. Thats fine. Ill take it. Let me have. c. How many/much do you want?What color/size/kind do you want?d. Do you have any other kind/size/color, etc. ?33、问路和应答Asking the way and Responsesa. Excuse me. Wheres the mens/ladies room?Excuse me. Can you tell me the way to. ?How can I get to. ? I dont know the way. b. Go down this street. Turn right/left at the first/second crossing. Its about. meters from here. Go straight ahead till you see34、问时间、日期和应答Asking the time, date and ResponsesWhat day is (it) today?Whats the date today?Excuse me. /What time is it by your watch?Whats the time, please?b. Its Monday/Tuesday. Its January 10th. Its five oclock/five thirty(half past five)/a quarter past (to)six. Its time for/to. 35、就餐Taking mealsa. What would you like(to have)?Would you like something(to eat/drink)?b. Id like. Coke/Two eggs. please. c. Would you like some more. ?Help yourself to some. d. Thank you. Ive had enough. Im full, thank you. Just a little, please. 36、打电话Making phone callsa. Hello! Is(Tom)in?May/Could I speak to. ?Is that. (speaking)?b. Hold on, please. Hello, who is it?He/She isnt here right now. Can I take a message for you?c. Hello, this is . speaking. I called to tell/ask you. . 37、传递信息Passing on a messagea. Will you please give this note/message to. ?b. . asked me to give you this note. c. Thanks for the message. 38、看病Seeing the doctora. Theres something wrong with. Ive got a headache and a cough. I feel terrible(bad). I dont feel well. Ive got a pain here. This place hurts. b. Take this medicine three times a day. Drink plenty of water and have a good rest. Its nothing serious. Youll be all right/well soon. 39、求救Calling for helpa. Help!Thief!b. Whats the matter?40