2019年高考英语一轮总复习 Unit 2 The United Kingdom课时作业 新人教版必修5.doc

2019年高考英语一轮总复习 Unit 2 The United Kingdom课时作业 新人教版必修5.阅读理解A(xx江苏卷)If a diver surfaces too quickly，he may suffer the bends.Nitrogen (氮)dissolved(溶解)in his blood is suddenly liberated by the reduction of pressure.The consequence，if the bubbles(气泡)accumulate in a joint，is sharp pain and a bent bodythus the name.If the bubbles form in his lungs or his brain，the consequence can be death.Other airbreathing animals also suffer this depression(减压)sickness if they surface too fast：whales，for example.And so long ago，did ichthyosaurs.That these ancient sea animals got the bends can be seen from their bones.If bubbles of nitrogen form inside the bone they can cut off its blood supply.This kills the cells in the bone，and consequently weakens it，sometimes to the point of collapse.Fossil(化石)bones that have caved in on themselves are thus a sign that the animal once had the bends.Bruce Rothschild of the University of Kansas knew all this when he began a study of ichthyosaur bones to find out how widespread the problem was in the past.What he particularly wanted to investigate was how ichthyosaurs adapted to the problem of depression over the 150 million years.To this end，he and his colleagues traveled the worlds natural history museums，looking at hundreds of ichthyosaurs from the Triassic period and from the later Jurassic and Cretaceous periods.When he started，he assumed that signs of the bends would be rarer in younger fossils，reflecting their gradual evolution of measures to deal with depression.Instead，he was astonished to discover the opposite.More than 15% of Jurassic and Cretaceous ichthyosaurs had suffered the bends before they died，but not a single Triassic specimen(标本)showed evidence of that sort of injury.If ichthyosaurs did evolve an antidepression means，they clearly did so quicklyand，most strangely，they lost it afterwards.But that is not what Dr Rothschild thinks happened.He suspects it was evolution in other animals that caused the change.Whales that suffer the bends often do so because they have surfaced to escape a predator(捕食动物)such as a large shark.One of the features of Jurassic oceans was an abundance of large sharks and crocodiles，both of which were fond of ichthyosaur lunches.Triassic oceans，by contrast，were mercifully sharkand crocodilefree.In the Triassic，then，ichthyosaurs were top of the food chain.In the Jurassic and Cretaceous，they were prey(猎物)as well as predatorand often had to make a speedy exit as a result.文章大意文章主要介绍了落到水中马上浮出水面会产生什么影响。1Which of the following is a typical symptom of the bends?AA twisted body.BA gradual decrease in blood supply.CA sudden release of nitrogen in blood.DA drop in blood pressure.解析：细节理解题。由文章第一段中的“The consequence.is sharp pain and a bent body”可知。答案：A2The purpose of Rothschilds study is to see_.Ahow often ichthyosaurs caught the bendsBhow ichthyosaurs adapted to depressionCwhy ichthyosaurs bent their bodiesDwhen ichthyosaurs broke their bones解析：细节理解题。根据文章第三段“What he particularly wanted to investigate was how ichthyosaurs adapted to the problem of depression over the 150 million years”可知。答案：B3Rothschilds finding stated in Paragraph 4_.Aconfirmed his assumptionBspeeded up his research processCdisagreed with his assumptionDchanged his research objectives解析：细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“Instead，he was astonished to discover the opposite.”可知。答案：C4Rothschild might have concluded that ichthyosaurs_.Afailed to evolve an antidepression meansBgradually developed measures against the bendsCdied out because of large sharks and crocodilesDevolved an antidepression means but soon lost it解析：推理判断题。由文章倒数第二段but前后句子对比关系，可推出答案为A。答案：AB(xx德州联考)The New Folk Sound Of Terry Callier attracted little interest when first released(发行)，and by the time it was championed on a music chart，Callier had long abandoned music for a career in puter programming.As a result，he returned to music to make many recordings with some leading young artists in Britain，making it the most successful period of his life.Terry Callier was born into a poor family on May 24,1945 and grew up in Chicago.He learned to play the piano and began singing in groups in his teens.He released his first single Look At Me Now in 1962.When offered a tour, he seemed to be a shining star soon.But then his mother stepped in，insisting that，at 17，his place was not on the road but at home studying.While attending college，he began performing in folk clubs and coffee houses.It was also when he started his songwriting.Callier continued to record and give live concerts through the 1970s touring with some famous popular singers.His bination of fierce guitar，wise lyics(歌词)and sweet voices created a distinctive style known as jazzfolk.However，he had more success as a songwriter than as a singer when he sang his hit song The Love We Had Stays on My Mind in 1971.In 1983 he abandoned music pletely to attend his 12yearo1d daughter after splitting up with his wife.He got a steady job at the University of Chicago and did not touch a guitar for years.Many years later，some DJs discovered his old recordings and began to play his songs in clubs.Though Callier was unwilling to get involved in music again，Callier was eventually persuaded to e back，which brought him more applauses than he had ever experienced.文章大意Terry Callier在演唱方面很在天赋。尽管妈妈反对，但是进入大学后，他仍有很好的表现，并且开始写歌，取得了令人瞩目的成就。但后来由于家庭原因，他放弃了音乐，到芝加哥大学工作。多年后，他又重返音乐界，创造了新的辉煌。5From the first paragraph we can learn that Calliers delayed success led to_.Aloss of interest in musicBa failure in his studyChis artistic rebirthDthe reunion of old friends解析：细节判断题。根据第一段最后一句“As a result，.making it the most successful period of his life.”可知，最终，他到达了人生中最辉煌的时刻。答案：C6What was Calliers mothers attitude towards his dream of being a star?ASupportive.BUnderstanding.CIndifferent.DOpposed.解析：观点态度题。根据第二段最后“But then his mother stepped in，insisting that，at 17，his place was not on the road but at home studying.”可知他的妈妈坚持认为，十七岁的孩子应该在家学习。supportive，“支持的”；understanding，“理解的”；indifferent，“冷漠的，不关心的”；opposed，“反对的”。故选D项。答案：D7Which is in the right order in Calliers story?He got a job in puter programming at the University of Chicago.Writing songs became as successful as singing songs.The New Folk Sound Of Terry Callier became most popular.He managed to release the first single and was offered a tour.ABCD解析：细节判断题。根据“The New Folk Sound Of Terry Callier attracted little interest when first released(发行)，and by the time it was championed on a music chart.He released his first single，Look At Me Now in 1962.he had more success as a songwriter than as a singer when he sang his hit song The Love We Had Stays on My Mind in 1971.In 1983.He got a steady job at the University of Chicago and did not touch a guitar for years.”可知应该选择B项。答案：B8Terry Callier leave his career in music in 1983 because he_.Awas offered a better job in Chicago collegeBhad to accept his wifes adviceCwanted to take care of his daughterDlost interest in singing and writing songs解析：细节判断题。根据最后一段第一句“In 1983 he abandoned music pletely to attend his 12yearold daughter after splitting up with his wife.”可知应该选择C。答案：C9What can we learn about Callier from the last paragraph?AHe reached a higher peak in his music career.BSome DJs helped him to write new songs.CHe decided to give up his family for music.DHis songs were only suitable in clubs.解析：细节理解题。根据文章最后一句“which brought him more applauses than he had ever experienced”可知应该选择A。答案：A.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。It was a dreadfully cold and cloudy afternoon. I was on the bus with my children, aged four and two, heading home when it started to rain. I realized this would mean a wet walk home _10_ the bus stop._11_ my house was merely two blocks away, it was not a pleasant walk with one small boy asleep in the pram (手推婴儿车), the other one in a raincoat and no umbrella for myself. A pickup truck passed us on the road. I tried to thumb a ride but failed. My little boy woke up with a start and began to cry. I _12_ (convince) that things might bee worse and nobody would bother to help on such a terrible day.A few minutes later, _13_ truck drove by, but to my surprise, I saw it _14_ (pull) back and the driver looking directly at us.A young man put the window down. “Hey, heres an umbrella for you, please take _15_.” He called out.I stood there _16_ (astonish), barely believing that the man _17_ existence was unknown to me only moments ago, could be so _18_ (consider). “e on, give this to your mummy，” he said to my older son. I accepted the offer and expressed my gratitude to him.This man might have needed the umbrella for himself later during the day but preferred to give it to me. It was a lesson to me _19_ its possible to give without expecting anything in return.10_11._12._13._ 14_15._16._17._ 18_19._文章大意冒雨回家的母子，得到了一位好心司机的帮助。他把自己的雨伞给了挨淋的母亲。10解析：考查介词的用法。由句意可知她们将冒雨从车站走回家。答案：from11解析：考查连词的用法。由句意可知此处填入连词构成让步状语从句。答案：Although/Though/While12解析：考查动词的用法。be convinced (adj.) of坚信；深信。答案：was convinced13解析：考查代词的用法。由上文可知此处应用another另一个。答案：another14解析：考查非谓语动词。see sb./sth. doing结构中分词作宾补。答案：pulling15解析：考查代词的用法。用it指代上文的“an umbrella”。答案：it16解析：考查形容词的用法。此处用形容词astonished作状语，说明主语的状态。答案：astonished17解析：考查定语从句。先行词为“man”，从句中少定语，故用whose。答案：whose18解析：考查词形变化。此处用considerate体贴的；考虑周到的。答案：considerate19解析：考查名词性从句。用that引出同位语从句。答案：that.根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。How to Be Confident(xx河北模拟)We are all human and have weaknesses.Even if your physical appearance or social skills arent what you wish they were，that doesnt have to stop you from being confident._20_1Make a list of special talents you have，or things you do that are goodmorally or otherwise.It doesnt have to be a specific skill; it can be an approach or an attitude that you hold through life._21_ Are you very patient with people? Do you always see the humorous side of things? Are you always there for your friends?2_22_ When you feel strongly about something，speak loudly and clearly and make eye contact with people.People will judge you all the time ，and usually theyll misjudge you anyway，so why bother trying to live up to their opinions at all?3Take care of yourself.Eat a healthy diet and get enough exercise.Dont abuse your body，dont overload it，and dont deny it any of the things it needs.At the same time，dont obsess (沉迷)_23_ Those things are only bandaids and makeup.Confidence es from within.In order to be confident ，you must value yourself and understand that your wellbeing is important.4Improve your posture._24_ Dont drop your shoulders.Make sure that your back is straight，your shoulders are square，and your chest sticks out slightly (but stay loose，otherwise youll appear stubborn and nervous)Good posture also helps with deep breathing，which helps with feeling calm and relaxed.ABut smiling at yourself in the mirror helps you to love yourself ，thus making you a bit more confident.BBuying all the moisturizers (润肤霜)，creams will not bring you closer to who you want to be.CIt is surprising how powerful the simple step of taking action can be.DDo you always stay calm，cool and collected ，even in hurried situations?EHaving good posture can actually make you feel more confident.FKnow that you have important things to say and do.GHeres how to believe in yourself.答案：20.G21.D22.F23.B24.E