2019-2020年高考英语总复习 题组层级快练（四十一）外研版选修8.doc

2019-2020年高考英语总复习 题组层级快练（四十一）外研版选修8.完形填空Recognizing the difference between active and passive reading is important for readers of all ages.Whether you read actively or passively _1_ how deeply you engage with the _2_ you are reading. The difference between passive reading and active reading is like the difference between hearing and listening. When it es to hearing, you _3_ receive sensory information. When you listen, you _4_ what you hear, question it and form conclusions about it. When you read passively, you dont _5_ question or analyze the information. When you read actively, _6_, you engage in a dialogue with the information _7_ use it to gain a new understanding of the subject.If you are studying for a test or preparing to write a paper, you would tend to read actively _8_ you need to think about the material so you can understand it in a _9_ way. However, if you are sitting in a waiting room and reading a magazine simply to _10_ the time, you may not _11_ much about the information in the next, and therefore read passively.Active reading often involves _12_. For example, if you are preparing for an exam you might use a high-lighter to _13_ specific passages, or keep a pen with you while you read so you can make _14_ about important information. Practices such as swimming and scanning are also active reading practice, and are _15_ when you are trying to locate a specific bit of information in a text, or trying to understand the _16_ idea of a passage in the least amount of time.Finally, whether you read actively or passively will _17_ in your prehension level, and possibly _18_ your enjoyment of reading. If you read passively, you will not be able to _19_ your understanding of the subject as well as if you had read actively. Also, reading _20_ can negatively affect your level of reading enjoyment.1. A. puts away B. depends onC. looks into D. belongs to2. A. moment B. reasonC. material D. way3. A. simply B. hardlyC. quickly D. frequently4. A. ignore B. analyzeC. forget D. translate5. A. easily B. roughlyC. gently D. really6. A. therefore B. otherwiseC. however D. besides7. A. but B. andC. or D. as8. A. because B. untilC. unless D. though9. A. wrong B. certainC. deep D. similar10. A. cherish B. saveC. make D. pass11. A. know B. worryC. care D. learn12. A. techniques B. discussionsC. exams D. reviews13. A. mark B. rememberC. cut D. explain14. A. jokes B. notesC. choices D. ments15. A. cheerful B. tiringC. helpful D. surprising16. A. creative B. valuableC. great D. general17. A. appear B. reflectC. stay D. happen18. A. increase B. replaceC. judge D. influence19. A. develop B. conveyC. share D. stress20. A. alone B. activelyC. fluently D. passively答案与解析【文章大意】 本文是说明文。文章介绍了主动阅读和被动阅读的区别。1. 答案 B2. 答案 C解析 你是主动阅读还是被动阅读“取决于(depends on)”你是多么深入地投入到你正在阅读的“材料(material)”中。3. 答案 A解析 当你“听见”的时候，你“仅仅(simply)”接收到感觉信息。4. 答案 B解析 当你“倾听”的时候，你会“分析(analyze)”听到的内容，怀疑它并得出结论。5. 答案 D解析 被动阅读就像“听见”一样，你不会“真正地(really)”怀疑或分析信息。6. 答案 C解析 由上文可知，主动阅读和被动阅读的情况相反，故用副词however。7. 答案 B解析 “你和信息展开对话”和“用信息获得对该话题的新的理解”之间是递进关系，故用并列连词and。8. 答案 A解析 空格后与空格前的内容是因果关系，故用连词because。9. 答案 C解析 你需要考虑有关资料，以便能够深入地理解它。10. 答案 D解析 由上文的sitting in a waiting room and reading a magazine可知，此时的你只是为了打发时间。11. 答案 C解析 由下文的and therefore read passively可推断，你打发时间的时候可能不会很“在乎(care)”文中的信息。12. 答案 A解析 由下文的use a highlighter . or keep a pen with you while you read及Practices such as skimming and scanning可推断，主动阅读通常涉及到一些“技巧(techniques)”。13. 答案 A解析 由上文的use a highlighter可知，此处是说“标出(mark)”特殊的段落。14. 答案 B解析 由上文的keep a pen with you while you read可知，此处是说你可以对重要的信息做一些“笔记(notes)”。15. 答案 C解析 略读和浏览的方法在你试图找到文中某一特定信息时是“有帮助的(helpful)”。16. 答案 D解析 略读和浏览的方法还有助于在最少的时间内理解一篇文章的“大概(general)”意思。17. 答案 B解析 由下文的If you read passively, you will not be able to . your understanding of the subject as well as if you had read actively可推断，你是主动阅读还是被动阅读会在你的理解水平中“反映(reflect)”出来。18. 答案 D解析 阅读的方式会“影响(influence)”你的阅读乐趣。19. 答案 A解析 如果你被动阅读，你将不能像主动阅读那样“增进(develop)”对相关话题的理解。20. 答案 D解析 由上文可知，被动阅读影响对信息的理解，据此可推断，“被动”阅读会降低你的阅读乐趣。.阅读理解It was a cold winter day. A woman drove up to the Rainbow Bridge tollbooth (收费站). “Im paying for myself, and for the six cars behind me,” she said with a smile, handing over seven tickets. One after another, the next six drivers arriving at the tollbooth were informed, “Some lady up ahead already paid your fare.”It turned out that the woman, Natalie Smith, had read something on a friends refrigerator: “Practice random kindness and senseless acts of beauty.” The phrase impressed her so much that she copied it down.Judy Foreman spotted the same phrase on a warehouse wall far away from home. When it stayed on her mind for days, she gave up and drove all the way back to copy it down. “I thought it was beautiful,” she said, explaining why shed taken to writing it at the bottom of all her letters, “like a message from above.” Her husband, Frank, liked the phrase so much that he put it up on the classroom wall for his students, one of whom was the daughter of Alice Johnson, a local news reporter.Alice put it in the newspaper, admitting that though she liked it, she didnt know where it came from or what it really meant.Two days later, Alice got a call from Anne Herbert, a woman living in Marin. It was in a restaurant that Anne wrote the phrase down on a piece of paper, after turning it around in her mind for days.“Heres the idea,” Anne says. “Anything you think there should be more of, do it randomly.” Her fantasies include painting the classrooms of shabby schools, leaving hot meals on kitchen tables in the poor part of town, and giving money secretly to a proud old lady. Anne says, “Kindness can build on itself as much as violence can.”The acts of random kindness spread. If you were one of those drivers who found your fare paid, who knows what you might have been inspired to do for someone else later. Like all great events, kindness begins slowly, with every single act. Let it be yours!1. Why did Natalie Smith pay for the six cars behind her?A. She knew the car drivers well.B. She wanted to show kindness.C. She hoped to please others.D. She had seven tickets.2. Judy Foreman copied down the phrase because she _.A. thought it was beautifully writtenB. wanted to know what it really meantC. decided to write it on a warehouse wallD. wanted her husband to put it up in the classroom3. Who came up with the phrase according to the passage?A. Judy Foreman. B. Natalie Smith.C. Alice Johnson. D. Anne Herbert.4. Which of the following statements is closest in the meaning to the underlined sentence above?A. Kindness and violence can change the world.B. Kindness and violence can affect ones behavior.C. Kindness and violence can reproduce themselves.D. Kindness and violence can shape ones character.5. What can we infer from the last paragraph?A. People should practice random kindness to those in need.B. People who receive kindness are likely to offer it to others.C. People should practice random kindness to strangers they meet.D. People who receive kindness are likely to pay it back to the giver.答案与解析【文章大意】 本文是夹叙夹议文，题材为生活哲理类。文章讲述一位妇女曾在朋友的冰箱上看到一句俗语，从而有感而发。她在收费站为素不相识的其他六名司机支付费用，这个故事告诉我们，勿以善小而不为。1. 答案 B解析 推理判断题。由文章第二段第一句It turned out that the woman, Natalie Smith, had read something on a friends refrigerator:“Practice random kindness and senseless acts of beauty.”可知，娜塔莉史密斯为她后面的六辆车付费的原因就是她想行善。故选B项。2. 答案 A解析 细节理解题。从第三段第三句I thought it was beautiful, she said .可知选A项。3. 答案 D解析 推理判断题。根据第四段第二句It was in a restaurant that Anne wrote the phrase down on a piece of paper .可知，这一短语最先由安妮赫伯特想出。故选D项。4. 答案 C解析 词义猜测题。画线句中的build on与C项中的reproduce对应，故本题选C项。5. 答案 B解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句If you were one of those drivers who found your fare paid，who knows what you might have been inspired to do for someone else later. 可知，当你获得别人的帮助时，很有可能将这样的善举传递给其他人，故选B项。D项干扰性较强，pay it back to the giver与原文意思不符。The behaviour of a buildings users may be at least as important as its design when it es to energy use, according to new research from the UK Energy Research Centre (UKERC). The UK promises to reduce its carbon emissions(排放) by 80 percent by 2050, part of which will be achieved by all new homes being zero-carbon by xx. But this report shows that sustainable building design on its own though extremely important is not enough to achieve such reductions: the behaviour of the people using the building has to change too.The study suggests that the ways that people use and live in their homes have been largely ignored by existing efforts to improve energy efficiency(效率), which instead focus on architectural and technological developments.Technology is going to assist but it is not going to do everything, explains Katy Janda, a UKERC senior researcher，consumption patterns of building users can defeat the most careful design. In other words, old habits die hard, even in the best-designed eco-home.Another part of the problem is information. Households and bill-payers dont have the knowledge they need to change their energy-use habits. Without specific information, its hard to estimate the costs and benefits of making different choices. Feedback(反馈)facilities, like smart meters and energy monitors，could help bridge this information gap by helping people see how changing their behaviour directly affects their energy use; some studies have shown that households can achieve up to 15 percent energy savings using smart meters.Social science research has added a further dimension(方面), suggesting that individuals behaviour in the home can be personal and cannot be predicted whether people throw open their windows rather than turn down the thermostat(恒温器), for example.Janda argues that education is the key. She calls for a focused programme to teach people about buildings and their own behaviour in them.1. As to energy use, the new research from UKERC stresses the importance of _.A. zero-carbon homesB. the behaviour of building usersC. sustainable building designD. the reduction of carbon emissions2. The underlined word “which” in Paragraph 2 refers to “_”.A. the ways B. their homesC. developments D. existing efforts3. What are Katy Jandas words mainly about?A. The importance of changing building users habits.B. The necessity of making a careful building design.C. The variety of consumption patterns of building users.D. The role of technology in improving energy efficiency.4. The information gap in energy use _.A. can be bridged by feedback facilitiesB. affects the study on energy monitorsC. brings about problems for smart metersD. will be caused by building users old habits5. What does the dimension added by social science research suggest?A. The social science research is to be furthered.B. The education programme is under discussion.C. The behaviour of building users is unpredictable.D. The behaviour preference of building users is similar.答案与解析【文章大意】 本文为说明文，题材为社会生活类。现在人们提倡减少碳排放，我们以节能为核心来关注楼房设计的同时，也不能忽视人们是如何使用楼房的。1. 答案 B解析 细节理解题。根据文章第一段第一句中The behaviour of a buildings users may be at least as important as its design when it es to energy use和最后一句中the behaviour of the people using the building has to change too可知本题选择B项。2. 答案 D解析 词义猜测题。文章第二段中that people use and live in their homes为the ways的定语从句，to improve energy efficiency为existing efforts的定语，which instead focus on architectural and technological developments修饰的是existing efforts，故本题选择D项。3. 答案 A解析 推理判断题。文章第三段第一句中的consumption patterns(消费模式)指的就是人们的习惯，第二句中也提到old habits die hard，故本题选择A项。4. 答案 A解析 细节理解题。根据文章第四段Feedback . could help bridge this information gap by helping people see how changing their behaviour .可知本题选择A项。5. 答案 C解析 细节理解题。根据文章第五段第一句. suggesting that individuals behaviour in the home can be personal and cannot be predicted .可知本题选择C项。.短文改错假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处；每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加，删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下划横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。I hardly remember my grandmother. She used to holding me on her knees and sing old songs. I was only four when she passes away. She is just a distant memory for me now. I remember my grandfather very much. He was tall, with broad shoulder and a beard that turned from black toward gray over the years. He had a deep voice, which set himself apart from others in our small town, he was strong and powerful. In a fact, he even scared my classmates away during they came over to play or do homework with me. However, he was the gentlest man I have never known.答案与解析I hardly remember my grandmother. She used to holding me on her knees andholdsing old songs. I was only four when she passes away. She is just a distant memory passedfor me now. I remember my grandfather very much . He was tall, with broad well/clearlyshoulder and a beard that turned from black toward gray over the years. He had a deep shoulders to/intovoice, which set himself apart from others in our small town, he was strong and him andpowerful. In a fact, he even scared my classmates away during they came over to play whenor do homework with me. However, he was the gentlest man I have never known.ever第1处：holding改为hold。used to do sth. 意为“过去常常做某事”。第2处：passes改为passed。本句叙述过去的事情，并且主句动词be为was，所以此处用动词的过去式。第3处：much改为well/clearly。用副词well或clearly修饰动词remember，意为“清楚地记得”。第4处：shoulder改为shoulders。用复数表示“双肩”。第5处：toward改为to/into。turn from A to/into B意为“由A变为B”，为固定搭配。第6处：himself改为him。set sb. apart from others意为“使某人与众不同”。第7处：he前加and。前后两个句子为并列关系，且有逗号隔开，因此应用连词and。第8处：去掉fact前的a。in fact意为“事实上”，为固定短语。第9处：during改为when。during为介词，不能引导从句，此处表达“当的时候”，所以用when。第10处：never改为ever。根据语境，此处表示“我的爷爷是我曾经见过的最温和的人”，ever意为“曾经”，符合语境。