2019-2020年高考英语专题汇编 专题2 实词1（名词、形容词、副词）（A卷）（含解析）.doc

2019-2020年高考英语专题汇编 专题2 实词1（名词、形容词、副词）（A卷）（含解析）I.单项填空1.(xx江苏省南通、扬州、淮安、泰州四市高三第三次调研28 ) The pain and suffering caused by the war seventy years ago is the old womans _ memory. Yes, she often tells us about that disaster.A. poor B. current C. vague D. permanent2.(xx江苏省南通、扬州、淮安、泰州四市高三第三次调研21) Never lie to your friends and, you know, honesty and trust are the _ of true friendship.A. distinction B. acquisition C. foundation D. function3.(江苏省苏锡常镇四市xx高三教学情况调研23） Why do you choose to work in an international travel agency? Well, you know, English is my_. So it is my best choice.talent B. strength C. ability D. skill4.(xx江苏省苏锡常镇四市高三教学情况调研24）Local citizens placed flowers at the er of one street in Hamilton, Canada, _the Canadian soldier, who was killed by a gunman.in favor of B. in memory of C. in terms of D. in spite of5.（xx浙江省高三第二次五校联考6） Jack, to his _, refused to get involved although his friends insisted on his trying the drug.A. preference B. surprise C. credit D. opinion6.(.xx江苏省苏锡常镇四市高三教学情况调研27）Nowadays mobile internet devices are pushing up demands for online education, which makes people see it as one of the most _ new market.demanding B. confidential C. promising D. controversial7.（xx江苏省泰州市高三第二次模拟28）The region was served by a railway line, with station stops from three to five miles. _ , so there was a natural limit to the spread of any particular munity.A. ahead. B. away. C. apart. D. aside8.（xx浙江省高三第二次五校联考12）I dont know how he made his money _. I only know now he is really rich. A. steadily B. originally C. apparently D. permanently 9.(xx天津市武清区高三质量调查3）Tommy lost his _ and began to vomit shortly after he ate the street food.A. enthusiasm B. delight C. pressure D. Appetite10.(xx天津市武清区高三质量调查4）Nothing can be more fascinating than a smile, which can produce hope in even _ situations.A. embarrassing B. confident C. desperate D. secure11.(xx天津市武清区高三质量调查5）We shouldnt put labels on other people _ based on one thing or a few words weve heard.A. really B. merely C. rarely D. approximately12.（xx浙江省重点中学协作体高三上学期第二次适应性测试9）Jane was so _ for the news of her lost child that she was almost driven _.A. proper; madly B. thirsty; madC. sad; madly D. curious; mad13.（xx浙江省重点中学协作体高三上学期第二次适应性测试13）The college examination is _ easier this year than I have expected.A. fairly B. quite C. rather D. very14.（xx浙江省重点中学协作体高三上学期第二次适应性测试17）To be honest, the world owes a lot to Nelson Mandela for his _ support of racial equality and human rights.A. Consistent B. contemporary C. particular D. potential15.（xx浙江省重点中学协作体高三上学期第二次适应性测试18）The criminal has been sentenced to 15 years in prison and I think he deserves it, for a good judge does not make _ decisions.A. intelligent B. enormous C. arbitrary D. marvelous II.完形填空(xx北京市东城区综合练习一) In high school I had a math teacher, Mrs. Davies, who took her job seriously and expected her students to put forth the same degree of mitment. Strict but fair, she held our attention with her time-proven approach. One of her 16 was for students who were more advanced academically. I chose to 17 it and soon realized that the course was a bit over my head. I 18 with the plex problems that others seemed to learn without much effort One Friday we were tested 19 our ability to use a theorem（定理） that no one in the class thoroughly understood. The teacher would 20 our papers based on our ability to progress through the problem which easily filled two pages of formulaic notations（公式符号）. I was absolutely 21 . Finally, I didnt use the required theorem. Instead, I decided to use more familiar theorems to arrive at an 22 . I knew I had failed because I hadnt done the 23 assignment. l became resigned to my fate. Our test papers were 24 back the following Monday. Everyone received a C except for me To my surprise, I received an A. I 25 that there must be a mistake. I watched 26 as the teacher approached my desk, smiled, and asked for my test 27 back. She then went back to copy my work onto the blackboard, 28 the class how I had arrived at the correct answer. Mathematics is meant to be a creative tool, pushing our minds to a rewarding answer, she said with confidence. 29 I didnt use the required theorem, she seemed genuinely proud of how Id worked through the problem. The class saw her fold my test paper and put it into her textbook. She announced that it would be 30 with future classes My teacher would have been justified in giving me a 31 grade. Instead, she used the 32 to deeply influence a student who often struggled. And after forty years, I still cherish the 33 . It helped change my self-image. I 34 up to a broad boundary of possibilities which has made my life an adventure. She understood that teaching went beyond strict demands and could be used to 35 . Thank you, Mrs. Davies. 16. A. ways B. tasks C. tests D. classes17. A. run B. take C. teach D. like18. A. pared B. struggled C. connected D. argued19. A. on B. at C. of D. for20. A. explain B. collect C. print D. grade21. A. tired B. curious C. lost D. content22. A. effect B. end C. answer D. interest23. A. pleted B. proved C. fixed D. required24. A. handed B. held C. thrown D. dated25. A. hoped B. assumed C. declared D. dreamed26. A. angrily B. regretfully C. disappointedly D. nervously27. A. paper B. score C. question D. method28. A. helping B. following C. showing D. praising29. A. Since B. Unless C. Though D. Because30. A. shared B. exchanged C. practiced D. checked31. A. friendly B. failing C. corrected D. wrong32. A. possibility B. creation C. intention D. opportunity33. A. change B. memory C. school D. life34. A. opened B. kept C. made D. looked35. A. learn B. survive C. inspire D. manageIII.阅读理解（xx皖南八校三次联考） Lots of human foods are dangerous to pets, many of which may seem tasty to our pets but can prove deadly if eaten. It can be very appealing to offer pets food from the table, but pets should not be given human food unless remended by veterinarians (兽医).If you suspect your pet may have eaten a dangerous food, contact veterinarians immediately. In many cases, early recognition and treatment are very important. Chocolate, Coffee, and CaffeineChocolate contains theobromine, a chemical that is toxic (有毒的) to dogs in large quantities. Chocolate also contains caffeine, which is found in coffee, tea, and certain soft drinks. Different types of chocolate contain different amounts of theobromine and caffeine. For example, dark chocolate and baking chocolate contain more of these pounds (化合物) than milk chocolate, so a dog would need to eat more milk chocolate to bee ill. However, even a few ounces of chocolate can be enough to cause illness in a small dog, so no amount or type of chocolate should be considered safe for a dog to eat. Chocolate toxicity can cause vomiting (呕吐), diarrhea, rapid or irregular heart rate, restlessness, muscle tremors, and seizures. Death can occur within 24 hours of intake. Grapes and RaisinsGrapes and raisins can cause sudden kidney failure in .cats and dogs. It is unknown what the toxic agent is in these fruits. However, clinical (临床的) signs can occur within 24 hours of eating and include vomiting, diarrhea, and tiredness. Other signs of illness relate to the eventual shutdown of kidney functioning. Garlic and OnionsGarlic and onions contain chemicals damaging red blood cells in cats and dogs. Affected red blood cells can damage or lose their ability to carry oxygen effectively. Cooking these foods does not reduce their potential toxicity. Fresh, cooked, and/or powdered garlic and/or onions are monly found in baby food, which is sometimes given to animals when they are sick, so be sure to read food labels carefully.Many cases of human food toxicity in pets are accidental. A pet may find and chew on a package of gum or candy, or steal food from a countertop (灶台) or table. The best way to prevent this is to keep all food item: in closed cupboard or areas inaccessible to pets. This may be particularly difficult during the holiday season, when more candy, chocolate, fruit baskets, and other food item: are around. During these times, increased alertness (警惕性) can help prevent pets finding and eating dangerous foods.Children should also be taught to never give candy, gum, or other human foods to pets.36. What can we learn from the first two paragraphs?A. You can give pets human food with the remendation of veterinarians.B. All human foods are deadly to pets.C. It is useless to turn to veterinarians after your pets have eaten dangerous food.D. It is easy to judge whether a pet has eaten dangerous food.37. What effect do chocolate and grapes have in mon if eaten by pets?A. They both can cause pets sudden kidney failure.B. They both contain different amounts of theobromine and caffeine.C. They both can cause pets to vomit.D. They both can cause pets hearts to beat irregularly.38. Which of the following statements is true?A. It is safe for pets to eat cooked garlic and onions.B. Baby food is always safe to pets.C. Many pets eat the human food by chance.D. Affected red blood cells cant carry oxygen at all.39. What is the purpose of the authors writing this article?A. To tell children never to give candy, gum, or other human food to pets.B. To warn us not to give pets human foods as we like.C. To tell us some human foods which are dangerous to pets.D. To call on us to take good care of pets.IV.微写作（xx北京市朝阳区高三第二次综合练习）你校将组织外国留学生去北京欢乐谷（Beijing Happy Valley）游玩，请你根据下面提供的信息，口头通知活动安排和注意事项。1. 集合时间和地点：周六早上8:00；学校门口；2. 交通工具：校车；3. 提示：自带水和食物；最好穿运动鞋和休闲服。 注意： 1. 词数不少于50。2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。3. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数 Hello, everybody! May I have your attention, please?_ Thats all! Thank you! 专题2 实词1（名词、形容词、副词）（A卷）参考答案与解析I.单项填空1.【答案】D【命题立意】考查名词的用法。【解析】句意：爱意味着你关心一个人的幸福，也就是说你希望他/她能过一种幸福的生活。A. authority 政权；B. belief相信； C. preference偏爱；D. welfare福利，幸福。故选D。2.【答案】C【命题立意】考查副词的用法。【解析】句意：该地区被一道铁路分开，从三到五英里都是火车站。所以任何特定的社区的传播自然限制。serve sth apart把分开。所以选C。3.【答案】A【命题立意】考查形容词辨析。【解析】A. consistent连续不断的；B. contemporary现代的； C. particular特别的；D. potential潜在的；句意：说实话，因为曼德拉对于种族平等和人权的坚持，世界亏欠他很多。根据句意选A项。【答案】B【命题立意】考查副词的用法。【解析】句意：组织者通过降低价格出售那些否则就会卖不出去的票。A. therefore 因此，所以；B. otherwise否则；C. instead代替； D. however尽管。故选B。【答案】C【命题立意】考查副词的用法。【解析】句意：这家足球俱乐部已经很想勒紧腰带，最终放弃了海外培训的计划。Merely很少，不常；generally 大体上，一般；eventually最后，终于；occasionally偶尔地。故判断选C。6.【答案】B【命题立意】考查名词的用法。【解析】句意：在讲演中，教授告诉他的学生如何写毕业论文的，表述主要的观点。A. account叙述；B. abstract抽象，摘要；C. application申请；D. address地址。根据题意选B。7.【答案】C【命题立意】考查动词辨析。【解析】句意：很显然，这些历史遗址得到世界的承认对保存和修理它们是有帮助的，因为它强调了它的特别重要性和价值。A. Associates联系；B symbolizes使成为象征；stresses强调；D. abolishes清除。所以选C。8.【答案】C【命题立意】考查形容词的用法。【解析】句意：作为一名草根歌手，为了赢得稳步的进步，她阅读她能够得到的与音乐有关的一切，抓住她遇到的每一个机会。Mild温和的；widespread广泛传播的；steady稳步的；average平均的。故选C。9.【答案】B【命题立意】考查形容词的用法。【解析】句意：老板是一个受人尊敬的人-甚至被和他有不同意见的人尊重。A. abnormal不正常的；B. honorable受人尊敬的；C. ordinary普通的，平凡的；D. energetic精力充沛的。10.【答案】【知识点】A4 形容词 【命题立意】选C，句意是：莎伦，很多专家认为这两幅画是同时代的； 我不同意，两幅画的风格看起来相同，但是他们的作家生于不同的朝代。conventional 传统钓；contradictory 矛盾的；contemporary 当代的；同时代的；conservative 保守的。11.【答案】D【命题立意】考查形容词的用法。【解析】句意：根据来自Robb的研究数据，满人们能做稍微更清晰的演讲。但在阅读任务上的性别差异没有发现。根据第二个分句的sex difference判断这是男士和女士相比，应用比较级，空后是speech，名词，应用形容词修饰。故选D。12.【答案】B【命题立意】考查副词的用法。【解析】句意：很遗憾，我不会说德语或法语。我也不会。too“也”，一般放在句尾，用在肯定句或疑问句中；also“也”，用在句子中间；as well“也”，用在句尾，不用逗号与前文分开；either“也”，用在句尾，并用逗号与前文分开。故判断选B。13.【答案】A【命题立意】考查副词的用法。【解析】句意：法国作家Patrick Modiano，69岁，将他全部精力投入到写作中，并赢得了xx年文学奖。entirely全部地；extremely极端地；gradually逐渐地；generally一般地。故选A。14.【答案】A【命题立意】考查副词。【解析】entirely 完全的；彻底的；extremely 极端的 gradually 逐渐的；渐渐地 ；generally 通常的；普遍的；一般的。69岁的法国作家Patrick Modiano全身心致力于写作，获得了xx年诺贝尔文学奖。15.【答案】C【命题立意】考查名词的用法。【解析】句意：一份调查表明美国的青少年偏爱英特格拉和推特而不是肖像影集。basis 基础；talent 天赋；preference 偏爱；reputation声誉。故判断选C。II.完形填空【文章解读】这是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了发生在自己学生生活中的老师激励他的故事，改变了他的一生，让他永生铭记。16.【答案】D【命题立意】考查名词的用法。【解析】本空考查名词基本含义的辨析。A. ways 方法；B. tasks任务；C. tests测试； D. classes班级。根据下文的for the students，应是classes。故选D。17. 【答案】B【命题立意】考查动词的用法。【解析】本空考查动词基本含义的辨析。A. run 跑；B. take带走；C. teach教；D. like喜欢。take a class/lesson上课。故选B。18.【答案】B【命题立意】考查动词的用法。【解析】本空考查动词基本含义的辨析。A. pared比较；B. struggled挣扎，斗争，努力；C. connected连接；D. argued争论。根据下文的the plex problems说明作者学习这些复杂的问题很吃力、努力。故选B。19.【答案】A【命题立意】考查介词的用法。【解析】本空考查介词基本含义的辨析。test sb. on sth.就测试某人。on就，关于。故选A。20.【答案】D【命题立意】考查动词的用法。【解析】本空考查动词基本含义的辨析。A. explain解释；B. collect收集；C. print打印； D. grade分级，分等，分类。根据下文的based on our ability可知是根据我们的能力将试卷分类。故选D。21.【答案】C【命题立意】考查形容词的用法。【解析】本空考查形容词基本含义的辨析。A. tired疲劳的；B. curious好奇的；C. lost丢失的，迷路的；D. content满意的。根据下文应是“我迷惑不解”，也就是我迷惑了，不知道如何解答题目。故选C。22.【答案】C【命题立意】考查名词的用法。【解析】本空考查名词基本含义的辨析。A. effect影响；B. end结尾；C. answer回答； D. interest兴趣。根据前文的问题可知解出答案arrive at an answer。故选C。23.【答案】D【命题立意】考查动词的用法。【解析】本空考查动词基本含义的辨析。A. pleted完成；B. proved证明； C. fixed修理；D. required要求。根据前文的required判断。故选D。24.【答案】A【命题立意】考查动词的用法。【解析】本空考查动词基本含义的辨析。A. handed递给；B. held举行；C. thrown扔；D. dated追溯。hand back the papers发放试卷。根据下文的the following Monday应是老师阅完试卷发回给学生。故选A。25.【答案】B【命题立意】考查动词的用法。【解析】本空考查动词基本含义的辨析。A. hoped希望；B. assumed 假定，猜想；C. declared声明；D. dreamed梦想。根据前文别人都得了C，而我得了A，应是“猜想”。故选B。26.【答案】D【命题立意】考查副词的用法。【解析】本空考查副词基本含义的辨析。A. angrily生气地；B. regretfully遗憾地；C. disappointedly失望地；D. nervously紧张地。根据前文的there must be a mistake这是作者的猜想，作者应是很紧张地看着老师走进他的课桌。故选D。27.【答案】A【命题立意】考查名词的用法。【解析】本空考查名词基本含义的辨析。A. paper纸；B. score 分数；C. question问题； D. method方法。根据前文的paper判断是作者认为老师想要回试卷。故选A。28.【答案】C【命题立意】考查动词的用法。【解析】本空考查动词基本含义的辨析。A. helping帮助；B. following跟随；C. showing展示；D. praising表扬。根据前文copy my work onto the blackboard是老师将作者的试卷展示给学生们。故选C。29.【答案】C【命题立意】考查连词的用法。【解析】本空考查连词基本含义的辨析。A. Since自从；B. Unless除非；C. Though尽管，虽然；D. Because因为。根据空后的主从句之间的关系判断。故选C。30.【答案】A【命题立意】考查动词的用法。【解析】本空考查动词基本含义的辨析。A. shared分享；B. exchanged交换；C. practiced练习；D. checked检查。根据前文是老师以作者为骄傲，此处将作者的试卷珍藏以便分享给老师今后的学生。故选A。31.【答案】B【命题立意】考查形容词的用法。【解析】本空考查形容词基本含义的辨析。A. friendly友好的；B failing失败的；C corrected更正的；D wrong错误的。该句是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，“我的老师本来能够公正地给我评个不及格”。故选B。32.【答案】D【命题立意】考查名词的用法。【解析】本空考查名词基本含义的辨析。A. possibility可能；B. creation创造；C. intention意欲，打算；D. opportunity机会。“相反，她使用了这次能够深刻影响一个正在奋斗的孩子的机会。”故选D。33.【答案】B【命题立意】考查名词的用法。【解析】本空考查名词基本含义的辨析。A. change改变；B. memory 记忆；C. school 学校；D. life生活。根据前文，这次记忆让作者一生铭记。故选B。34.【答案】A【命题立意】考查动词的用法。【解析】本空考查动词基本含义的辨析。A. opened打开，敞开；B. kept保持；C. made制作；D. Looked看。open up to向敞开。我打开了一个广泛的可能性边界,这使我的生活一场冒险。故选A。35.【答案】C【命题立意】考查动词的用法。 【解析】本空考查动词基本含义的辨析。A. learn 学会；B. survive生存下去；C. inspire激励；D. manage管理。根据下文的thank you判断，是老师的激励让作者心存感激。故选C。III.阅读理解【文章解读】这是一篇生活类知识文章阅读。文章旨在提醒人们不要随意喂给宠物自己喜欢的食品，因为它们很可能会危害宠物的身体健康。36.【答案】A【命题立意】考查细节辨认题。【解析】根据文章第一段pets should not be given human food unless remended by veterinarians (兽医)与选项A.You can give pets human food with the remendation of veterinarians相对应。 故选A。37.【答案】C【命题立意】考查细节辨认题。【解析】根据题干关键词chocolate and grapes have in mon与文章对应部分Chocolate, Coffee, and Caffeine中的Chocolate toxicity can cause vomiting (呕吐), diarrhea, rapid or irregular heart rate, restlessness, muscle tremors, and seizures和Grapes and Raisins中的clinical (临床的) signs can occur within 24 hours of eating and include vomiting, diarrhea, and tiredness共同关键词vomit。故选C。38.【答案】C【命题立意】考查判断推理题。【解析】根据文章Garlic and Onions部分的第一段的第三句话排除A； 根据文章Garlic and Onions部分的第一段的最后一句话排除B；根据文章Garlic and Onions部分的第一段的第二句话排除D；根据文章Garlic and Onions部分的第二段的第一句话Many cases of human food toxicity in pets are accidental与选项C语义吻和。故选C。39.【答案】B【命题立意】考查主旨大意题。【解析】通读全文，并特别是根据文章第一段的第一句话和文章最后一句话可知该文章的目的是提醒人们不要随意喂给宠物食物。故选B。 IV.微写作Hello, everybody! May I have your attention, please? A trip to Beijing Happy Valley is organized for you this Saturday. You will meet at the school gate at 8:00 in the morning. The school bus will take you there in less than an hour. Happy Valley is one of the most popular amusement parks in Beijing. Youll experience a variety of entertainment activities there.Do remember to take some water and food because they might be a little expensive inside Happy Valley. To make your journey more convenient and fortable, youd better wear sports shoes and casual clothes.Im sure you will have a good time.Thats all! Thank you!【思路点拨】 本文是应用文，要求学生就去北京欢乐谷游玩写一通知，故应用一般现在时。 文章的时态使用得当，概括文章所要求的全部要点，足见作者语言功底。文中使用了高级短语a variety of，To make your journey more convenient and fortable作目的状语；祈使句Do remember to take some water and food等，还有because they might be a little expensive inside Happy Valley原因状语从句等的应用可知作者能够有效地使用语句之间的连接成分，所写内容连贯，结构紧凑，完全达到了预期的写作目的，堪称佳作。