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Lesson3MarcoPolo,一、马可波罗是意大利著名的旅行家,请利用你能利用的资源查找该旅行家的相关信息,然后把故事简要地接续下去Around700yearsago,anItalianyoungmantravelledacrossEuropeandAsiawithhisfatherandfinallyarrivedinBeijing,China.TheChineseemperorwelcomedthem.Theyoungmanwasgreatlyamazedbyhowbeautifulandpowerfulthecountrywasand答案:略,二、单词预习A.根据句意及首字母提示完成句子1.Moneycanbeusedtobuygorservice.2.Themainglobal-warminggas,afterall,iscarbondioxide,givenoffmainlybyburningfossilf.3.Thosewhoareluckyenoughtobewhaveadutytogivemoneytothehungry.4.Yourworkhasimprovedinqualityandqthisterm.5.Haveyoueverhadanysproblemsconnectedwithexposuretothesun?,oods,uels,ealthy,uantity,kin,B.根据描述在下列句子中填入不同的“人”6.Aisapersonwhoismakingajourneyorapersonwhotravelsalot.7.Anisamanwhorulesanempire(帝国).8.Aisapersonwhohuntswildanimalsforfoodorasasport.9.Theofapieceofwritingisthepersonwhowroteit.10.Ainauniversityorcollegeisateacherofthehighestrank.,travelleremperorhunterauthorprofessor,三、从文中找出与下列汉语对应的短语或词组1.和做生意2.对留下深刻印象3.把描述为4.很惊奇地看见5.付款6.爆发7.投入监狱8.相应地,dotradewithbeimpressedby.describe.asbesurprisedtoseepayfor.breakoutputintoprisoninturn,四、阅读课文,选择正确答案1.KublaiKhanwasfriendlytoMarcoandhisfatherbecause.A.hewantedtolearnaboutEuropeB.heinvitedthemtoChinaC.hewantedtopleasethemD.hewantedtohaveaforeignofficialinhiscourt2.Marcowassenttodomanyimportanttasks.A.becausehewasKublaiKhansfriendB.sothathecouldlearntospeakmorelanguagesC.andthenhegaveKublaiKhanagoodimpressionD.becausehewascleverenoughtobeanofficial3.WhathadntMarcoseenbeforehecametoChina?A.Gold.B.Largehalls.C.Papermoney.D.Silver.,A,D,C,4.seemedstrangetoMarco.A.ThattheHallcouldbelargeenoughtoseat6,000peopleB.ThatpeoplepaidforgoodswithgoldandsilverC.ThatpeopleusedsomethinghedidntknowtoburnforfuelD.ThattheSummerPalacecouldbesobeautiful5.AfterleavingChina,Marco.A.becamearichmanB.foughtinawarC.declaredawarD.joinedthearmyandbecameasoldier6.Bysaying“IhaveonlytoldahalfofwhatIsaw”,Marcomeant.A.hecouldonlyrememberhalfofwhathesawB.hedidntwanttotellpeoplethewholetruthaboutChinaC.hewantedtokeepanotherhalfofwhathesawasecretD.whathetoldinhisbookwasreallytrue,C,B,D,五、根据课文内容填空(1)MarcocametoChinawithwhenhewas.Atthattime,itwasDynastyinChinaandKublaiKhanwasthe.KublaiKhanbyMarco,whowascleverandcould,sotheEmperoraskedhimto.(2)MarcohowbeautifulandpowerfulChinawas.HewasimpressedbyandtheEmperorsPalace,especially,whosehallcouldeasilyseatpeople.,hisfather,17,theYuan,Emperor,wasimpressed,speakfourlanguages,domanytasksacrossthecountry,wasamazedby,Beijing,theSummerPalace,6,000,(3)Marcowasalsosurprisedbytheand_inChina.AtthattimepeopleinEuropepaidforgoodswith_butpeopleinChinapapermoney.Hewasalsoconfusedtoseepeopleusetoburnforfuel.(4)AfteryearsinChina,Marco,whobecameaman,returnedtoItaly.Awarsoonafter.Marcobecamea_buthewascaughtbytheenemyand,wherehetoldhisstoriestoanotherprisoner.Thestorieslaterbecamea_book.ManypeoplethoughtthestoriesaboutChinainthebook,butMarcohistalestillhisdeath.,inventions,developments,goldorsilver,used,blackstones,17,wealthy,brokeout,captain,putintoprison,best-selling,weretoofantastictobetrue,stoodby,六、从文中找出下列句子,并指出其中的定语从句所修饰的对象,然后将它们归类1.Whenhewas17yearsold,hetravelledacrossEuropeandAsiawithhisfather,whowantedtodotradewiththeChinese.who指代:2.HewasveryimpressedbyBeijingandtheEmperorsPalace,especiallytheSummerPalacewhichhedescribedas“Thegreatestpalacethateverwas.”which指代:;that指代3.However,MarcowasluckyenoughtomeetanotherprisonerwhoenjoyedlisteningtohisstoriesaboutChina.who指代:,hisfathertheSummerPalacepalaceanotherprisoner,4.TherewereinventionsanddevelopmentsinChinawhichwerenotavailableinEuropeatthattime.which指代:5.TheprisonerthenwrotethestoriesinabookcalledTheDescriptionoftheWorld,whichbecameoneofthebest-sellingbooksinEurope.which指代:6.Justbeforehedied,aged70,Marcowasaskedthequestion,“Wasitalltrue?”,towhichhereplied,“IhaveonlytoldahalfofwhatIsaw!”which指代:,inventionsanddevelopmentsinChinaabook(calledTheDescriptionoftheWorld)thequestion,2;3;4,1;5;6,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,1.Marco,inturn,wasamazedbyhowbeautifulandpowerfulChinawas.马可也相应地被中国的美丽和强大所震撼。考点一inturns顺次;一个接一个地(做某事)Thechildrencalledouttheirnamesinturn.孩子们逐一自报姓名。Eachofusinturnhadtodescribehowthoseinventionshadinfluencedourlives.我们每一个人必须轮流描述那些发明是怎样影响了我们的生活。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,考点延伸阅读下面的句子,体会inturn的含义。Workingoutsidecanmeantoomuchsunexposure,whichinturncanleadtoskincancer.户外工作可能意味着长时间在阳光下暴晒,而这相应地可能导致皮肤癌。含义:相应地,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,考点二amazevt.使惊愕(惊奇)Iwasamazedthathedcomeupwiththissweetidea.我很惊讶,他竟提出了这个美好的想法。Itamazedustohearthatyoureleaving.听到你要走我们都很吃惊。Heamazedeveryonebypassingthetest.他通过了考试,令所有人都很惊奇。考点延伸amaze的派生词:amazingadj.令人惊异的amazedadj.感到惊奇的amazementn.惊奇,惊诧Iamsoamazedattheprogresshemade.我对他的进步感到非常惊讶。Theprogresshemadeisamazing.他的进步令人吃惊。Tomyamazement,hehasmadegreatprogress.令我吃惊的是,他取得了很大的进步。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,2.ThewallswerecoveredingoldandsilverandtheHallwassolargeitcouldeasilyseat6,000peoplefordinner.它的墙是用黄金和白银粉刷的,宫殿大到可以容纳六千人同时进餐。剖析这是and连接的并列复合句。and后的分句中,itcouldeasily.是so.that引导的结果状语从句,其中省略了that。考点seatvt.可容纳Thisplaneseats425passengers.这架飞机可乘坐425名乘客。Itisamid-sizedbus,seatingabout60passengers.这是一辆中型公共汽车,可乘坐约60名乘客。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,考点延伸阅读下面的句子,体会seat的含义。(1)Itturnedoutthatthepersonseatednexttomeonthetrainwasoneofmyoldfriends.火车上坐在我旁边的那个人原来是我的一个老朋友。含义:使坐下(2)Theoldmanwastellingastoryandseatedaroundhimwereagroupofchildrenfromtheneighborhood.老人在讲故事,围着他坐着的是邻居的一群孩子。含义:就座;坐着,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,3.InEurope,peoplepaidforgoodswithgoldorsilver.在欧洲,人们用金银购买商品。考点一(复习)payfor为付款Peoplepayfortextmessages,eventhoughemailisfree.即使电子邮件是免费的,人们还是会付费发短信。Iwillpayforthemealtothankforyourhelp.为了感谢您的帮助,这顿饭我付钱。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,考点延伸paysb.for为付给某人钱pay+金额+for为付多少钱Hepaidtheboy$10forwashingtenwindows,mostofwhichhadntbeencleanedforatleastayear.他付给那个为他清洗了10扇窗户的男孩10美元,大多数窗户都至少有一年没清洗了。CanyoubelieveIhadtopay30yuanforahaircut?你相信我理个发花了30元吗?YoushouldtrythebarberswhereIgo.Itsonly15.你应该尝试一下我去的那家理发店,那儿才15元。归纳使用payfor及其相关短语时,for后总是接所购买或消费的物品、服务,金额及收款人则可以直接跟在pay后作宾语。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,考点二goodsn.商品,物品Thererealargevarietyofgoodsintheshops.商店里有各式各样的商品。Allthegoodshavebeensenttothem.所有的货物都给他们送去了。Thegovernmenthastakenmeasurestobringdownthehighpricesofdailygoodstokeepthemarketstable.政府已经采取措施来降低日常消费品的高价格,以保持市场稳定。归纳goods只有复数形式,所以在句中用作主语时,谓语动词应该与复数名词保持一致,也用复数。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,4.Hewasalsoconfusedbytheblackstonespeopleusedtoburnforfuel.他也不明白为什么人们用黑色的石头作燃料。剖析peopleusedtoburnforfuel是省略that或which的定语从句,修饰stones;从句中不定式toburnforfuel作目的状语。考点confusevt.使困惑Withitsfocusdivided,thelionbecomesconfusedandisunsureaboutwhattodonext.随着它的精力被分散,狮子变得有些慌乱,不确定下一步该怎么做。Theyaskedsomanyquestionsthattheyconfusedme.他们问了许多问题,都把我弄糊涂了。Iunderstandthetextbutthediagramsinitareconfusingme.我明白那篇课文的意思,但其中的图表让我感到困惑。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,考点延伸(1)阅读下面的句子,体会confuse的含义。IamsorryIdontknowyou;maybeyouareconfusingmewithsomeoneelse.对不起我不认识你,也许你把我跟别人弄混了。含义:混淆Itswrongtoconfusewealthwithhappiness.把财富和幸福混为一谈是错误的。含义:把混同,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,(2)辨析confuse和puzzle:Theyconfusedmewithconflictingaccountsofwhathappened.他们对所发生的事所作的陈述自相矛盾,使我迷惑不解。Therearethingsthatstillpuzzlemeaboutthisnewcomputersystem.这个新的计算机系统还有东西让我感到困惑。归纳confuse指“把事物混淆或弄乱”或“由于混淆、混乱而糊涂”,语气较弱,常指暂时现象;puzzle指“情况错综复杂,因而使人感到困惑不解”。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,(3)派生词:confusing令人迷惑的,令人不解的confused迷惑的,困惑的Theinstructionsontheboxareveryconfusing.盒子上的说明让人费解。ThesalesgirlfeltconfusedtoseePeteragain.再次见到彼得,售货员感到困惑。Iamstillconfusedaboutthereasonwhytheydidso.我还是对他们为什么要这样做感到迷惑不解。归纳confusing和confused都是confuse的分词形式,都可用作形容词。confusing指事物本身具有“使人困惑”的性质;confused指“被困惑的,感到困惑的”。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,(4)confusionn.不确定,困惑;混淆,混乱Therewassomeconfusionastowhetherwewouldwinorlose.我们是赢还是输还不确定。Toavoidconfusion,theteamsworedifferentcolours.为了避免混淆,各个队穿着不同颜色的衣服。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,5.Hewasnowaverywealthyman.那时,他已经很富有了。剖析now用于叙述过去的事,表示“当时,那时”。考点wealthyadj.富有的,富裕的Earlytobedandearlytorisemakesamanhealthy,wealthyandwise.早睡早起使人健康、富有、明智。ItsreportedthatAfricasdeathrateis10timeshigherthanthatinwealthiercountriesinEuropeandtheWesternPacific.据报道,非洲的死亡率跟欧洲和西太平洋那些更富裕的国家相比要高10倍。归纳wealthy是由“wealth(名词)+-y(形容词后缀)”构成的派生词,其比较级和最高级分别为wealthier和wealthiest。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,6.Notlongafterhisreturn,alocalwarbrokeoutnearhistown.他回到家乡之后不久,一场区域性的战争在他家乡附近爆发了。考点breakout(坏事)突然发生,爆发【高考典句】(2017浙江高考)Herfriendscametohelpherwhenthewarbrokeout.战争爆发时,她的朋友前来帮助她。Doeseveryoneknowwhattodoifafirebreaksout?大家都知道火灾发生时该做什么吗?考点延伸阅读下面的句子,体会breakoutof的含义。Shefelttheneedtobreakoutofherdailyroutineanddosomethinginteresting.她觉得有必要从日常事务中解脱出来,找点有趣的事情做。含义:摆脱(某种状况),1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,7.ButMarcoalwaysstoodbyhistales.但马可总是坚持他所讲的故事是真的。考点standby坚持(某种)说法ThedecisionhasbeenmadeandIhavetostandbyit.我已经做出决定了,我必须坚持下去。Heinsistedthatallhewroteinthebookisnothingbutthetruth,andthathewouldstandbyhiswords.他坚持说他在书里所写的都是事实,他还说他会坚持自己所说的话。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,考点延伸(1)阅读下面的句子,体会standby的含义。PeterstoodbymewhenImostneededhelp.Illalwaysrememberthat.彼得在我最需要帮助的时候支持着我,对此我将永远铭记在心。含义:支持Hewouldnotstandbyandlethisprojectbekilledoff.他不会袖手旁观,任由自己的计划被扼杀。含义:袖手旁观Standbyforfurtherorders!准备好待命!含义:准备(行动)(2)跟stand相关的其他常见短语:standbehind支持,做后盾standfor代表,象征;支持,主张,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,8.语法:限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种。限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分,去掉它主句意思往往不明确;非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明,去掉了也不会影响主句的意思,它与主句之间通常用逗号分开。IamlookingforthebookIforgottotakehomeyesterday.我正在找我昨天忘记带回家的那本书。Hisfather,whoworksasanengineer,isquitehumorous.他的爸爸是个工程师,人相当幽默。其中,前一句是限制性定语从句,因为book有很多,要说明是哪一本,就要用限制性定语从句,并且与主句译成一句话。第二句是非限制性定语从句,因为father通常而言肯定是唯一的,因此不需要限制,而且翻译时与主句分别翻译成两个分句。,考点一非限制性定语从句的引导词,Dad,thisisZhengJie,whoIknewinParis.爸爸,这是郑洁,我在巴黎认识的。MrKing,whoselegswerebadlyhurt,wasquicklysenttohospital.金先生的腿受了重伤,被迅速送往医院。Wewillputofftheoutinguntilnextweek,whenwewontbesobusy.我们把郊游推迟到了下星期,那时我们不会这么忙。Hewasquicklytakentohospital,wherethedoctorswerepreparedtocarryoutanoperationonhim.他被迅速地送往医院,在那里医生已经准备好了给他做手术。Healwaysworkshard,aseveryoneknows.他一向勤奋学习,这大家都知道。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,考点二可以根据句意在引导词which前用名词短语或介词短语。如:Helivesinabighouse,infrontofwhichthereisaswimmingpool.他住在一所大房子里,房子前面有一个游泳池。考点三非限制性定语从句中关系代词which和as可指整个主句的意思或一部分意思。Heinvitedmetodinner,whichmademehappy.他邀请我吃饭,这使得我非常高兴。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,考点四as与一般的关系代词不同,它在非限制性定语从句中修饰的并不是名词或名词短语,而是句子。它还与一般的关系代词不同,它所引导的定语从句既可以位于句末,也可以位于句首或句中。Hemanagedtopasstheexamsuccessfully,ashehadexpected.他成功地通过了考试,正如他期待的那样。Aseveryoneknows,Chinaisacountrywithalonghistory.正如大家所知,中国是一个有着悠久历史的国家。考点五当先行词是专有名词时,通常用非限制性定语从句,因为专有名词本身就具有特殊性,无须加以限定。Shanghai,whichisinEastChina,isdevelopingrapidly.上海位于华东,正在飞速地发展。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,
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