高中英语 3名师指津语法 非谓语动词课件.ppt

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第二部分重要语法,非谓语动词是高中英语的重点语法项目,掌握非谓语动词的基本用法,对增强书面表达的文采和提高阅读理解能力都有明显的作用。非谓语动词也是高考语法填空的必考点,每年必考一个小题。,非谓语动词,请做近年高考真题:1.(2013)Inthebeginning,therewasonlyaverysmallamountofunfairnessintheworld,buteveryoneaddedalittle,always_(think)thatitwasonlysmallandnotveryimportant,andlookwherewehaveendeduptoday.思路点拨:thinking因everyone与think是主动关系,故用现在分词短语作added的伴随状语。,真题再练,2.(2012)Marywillneverforgetthefirsttimeshesawhim.Hesuddenlyappearedinclassoneday,_(wear)sunglasses.思路点拨:wearing本句主语是he,且已有谓语动词appeared,括号中所给的动词wear前面没有并列连词,不会是并列谓语,因此,可以确定wear是非谓语动词;又因he与wear之间在逻辑上是主动关系,故用wearing,作谓语动词appeared的伴随状语。,3.(2011)Igotonthebusandfoundaseatneartheback,andthenInoticedaman_(sit)atthefront.思路点拨:sitting表示“注意到某人在做某事”是noticesb.doingsth.句型。,4.(2010)Afterthestudentleft,theteacherletanotherstudenttastethewater.Hespititout,_(say)itwasawful.思路点拨:saying句中He是主语,spit是谓语动词,所给动词say前面没有并列连词,即不作并列谓语,它应是非谓语动词;又因he与say是主动关系,故用现在分词作伴随状语,填saying。顺便说说,saying可以转换成andsaid作并列谓语。,5.(2009)Shewishedthathewasaseasy_(please)ashermother,whowasalwaysdelightedwithperfume.思路点拨:toplease在形容词后作状语,只能用动词不定式。,6.(2008)Forexample,theproverb,“pluckingupacrop_(help)itgrow”,isbasedonthefollowingstory.思路点拨:tohelp在直接引语中的谚语,是theproverb的同位语,也就是说,直接引语是一个名词短语,而不是句子。由此可知,括号中所给的动词help,不作谓语,是非谓语动词。因“助长(helpitgrow)”是pluckingupacrop(拔苗)的目的,作目的状语,要用不定式,故填tohelp。,7.(2007)Whileshewasgettingme_(settle)intoatinybutcleanroom,theheadofthevillagewastyinguphishorsetomycar.思路点拨:settled在while从句中,she是主语,wasgetting是谓语动词,括号中所给动词settle应为非谓语动词;又由settlesb.into/in(将某人安顿在某处)可知,sb.与settle在逻辑上是被动关系,故填过去分词settled,作为宾语me的补足语,表示状态。,考情分析,从上表可以看出,非谓语动词在高考语法填空中必考且只考1个小题;主要考查了三个方面:(1)现在分词作伴随状语;(2)不定式作状语;(3)分词作宾补。,语法填空题中,若句中已有谓语动词,又不是并列谓语时,所给动词就是非谓语动词。若是非谓语动词就要确定是v-ing形式,-ed形式,还是todo,确定的方法主要有:(1)作伴随状语,通常用分词,若与逻辑主语是主动关系,用-ing形式;若是被动关系,用-ed形式。(详见上述第1,2,4小题的解题思路)(2)作目的状语或在形容词后作状语,一般用不定式。(详见上述第5,6小题的解题思路),解题技巧,(3)作宾语补足语则为do,todo,v-ing,v-ed形式,由不同的动词句型,以及宾语与宾补之间的主动或被动关系而定。(详见上述第3,7小题的解题思路)(4)作主语或宾语,通常用v-ing形式表示习惯或一般情况,用不定式表示具体情况。(5)作表语最主要的是现在分词与过去分词:表示人“感到的”用-ed形式;说明事物或人是“令人的”,用-ing形式。,非谓语动词就是在句中不能单独作谓语的动词形式,有不定式、-ing形式和-ed形式三种形式。但在传统语法中,-ing形式又分现在分词和动名词,-ed形式叫过去分词,其中现在分词和过去分词又可统称为分词。非谓语动词,除语法填空每年必考外,在写作中非常有用,因此,我们必须要全面了解,重点掌握。一、非谓语动词的三个基础1.非谓语动词的句法功能。,考点归纳,各种形式的用法特征和句法功能见下表:,2.非谓语动词的时态语态(以do为例)。,时态:若非谓语动词的动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前,用完成式,否则用一般式。语态:当非谓语动词与其逻辑主语是主动关系,用主动式;是被动关系,用被动式。3.非谓语动词的逻辑主语。,例1Havingworkedabroadforfiveyears,hecamebacktohismotherland.他在国外工作五年之后回到了祖国。(=Afterhehadworkedforfiveyears,he)分析:因逻辑主语he与work是主动关系,所以用-ing形式的主动式作状语;又因“在国外工作了五年”发生在“回来”之前,所以用完成式。,例2“Wecantgooutinthisweather,”saidBob,lookingoutofthewindow.“这样的天气我们不能出去,”鲍勃望着窗外说。分析:因逻辑主语Bob与look是主动关系,用-ing形式的主动式作伴随状语;又因look是伴随着said,同时发生的,所以用一般式。,例3Hecamein,followedbyhissecretary.他走了进来,后面跟着他的秘书。分析:因逻辑主语he与follow(跟随)是被动关系,故用过去分词作伴随状语,follow与camein同时发生。,例4Mylittlebrothershouldlovetobetakentotheparkthisafternoon.我弟弟希望今天下午带他去公园。分析:因逻辑主语Mylittlebrother与take(带)是被动关系,故用被动式;又因shouldlove后习惯接不定式,不定式表示未来,用一般式,所以用tobetaken。,若与谓语动作同时发生,并强调正在进行的情景或持续性,可用不定式的进行式。如:WhenIcamein,LiMingseemedtobereadinganovel.我进来时,李明好像在看小说。注意以下3点:(1)在作表语和补语的形容词后作状语,用不定式的主动形式表被动含义。如:Thistextiseasytolearn.这篇课文很容易学。,Ifindthistexteasytolearn.我觉得这篇课文很容易学。(2)在表示“需要”的need,want,require等后用v-ing的主动式表示被动含义,此时也可用不定式的被动式。如:MyEnglishneedsimproving/tobeimproved.我的英语需要提高。(3)表示“有要”用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。如:,Ihavealotofworktodo.我有许多事要做。(4)作表语的toblame是主动表被动。如:Heistoblameforthis.他会因此而受到责备.二、非谓语动词的用法比较1.作主语。不定式表示特定、具体的、一次性的、未来的行为,而-ing形式表示泛指的、一般的、习惯性的行为。如:,Learningaforeignlanguageneedstimeandpatience.学好外语需要时间和耐心。(一般)Totellhimthetruthnowwillhurthim.现在告诉他事情的真相会伤害到他。(具体)为保持句子平衡,常用it作为形式主语,把作主语的不定式或-ing形式移到句末。如:Itisnecessaryforustolearnaforeignlanguage.我们有必要学一门外语。,另外,注意以下几点:(1)主语与表语用同一形式。如:Seeingisbelieving./Toseeistobelieve.眼见为实。(2)在Itisnouse/Itisuseless/Itisnogood/Itisworthwhiledoing句形中,通常用-ing形式。如:Itisnousetalkingyourtroubletoamanlikehim.跟他那样的人谈你的烦恼没有用。,2.作宾语。(1)只接不定式作宾语的动词或短语:有ask,demand(要求),plan,intend,mean(计划),manage,do/tryonesbest,makeanattempt,(努力),learn(学习),wish,hope,desire,expect,long,want,wouldlike,shouldlike,wouldprefer(希望、愿意),agree,promise(同意),decide,determine,choose,makeadecision,makeuponesmind(决定),offer(主动提出),apply(申请),help(帮助),fail(不能、没有),prepare(准备),pretend(假装),refuse(拒绝),happen(碰巧),afford(负担得起)等。,Iplantorememberthe3,500Englishwordsthisterm.我计划在本学期记下那3,500个英语单词。(2)只接-ing形式作宾语的动词或短语:有allow,permit(允许),consider(考虑),suggest,advice(建议),keep(on)(反复;不停),finish(完成),imagine(想象),practise(练习),understand(明白),appreciate,enjoy(喜欢),miss(错过;怀念),prevent(阻止),forbid(禁止),escape(避免),include(包括),forgive,pardon,excuse(原谅),dislike(厌恶),discuss(讨论),report(报道),admit(承认),mind(介意),risk(冒险),cantstand(不能忍受),burstout(突然开始),feellike(想要),insiston(坚持),delay,putoff(推迟),giveup(放弃),bebusy(忙于),beworth(值得)等。ShesuggestedaskingMr.Liforhisopinion.她建议征求李老师的意见。,(3)接不定式和-ing形式意义不同的词:有remembertodo(记住去做),rememberdoing(记得做过);forgettodo(忘记去做),forgetdoing(忘记做过);regrettodo(遗憾地做),regretdoing(后悔做了);trytodo(设法做),trydoing(试做);goontodo(接着做另一事),goondoing(继续做同一事);meantodo(打算做),meandoing(意味着);stoptodo(停下来去做),stopdoing(停止做);canthelptodo(不能帮助做),canthelpdoing(情不自禁做)等。,Remembertopayhim.记住要付钱给他。(钱还未付)Irememberpaying(or:havingpaid)him.我记得已经付给他钱了。(4)介词后一般只能接-ing形式作宾语,以下短语动词中的to是介词:,有lookforwardto(盼望),be/getusedto(习惯),getdownto(开始认真),payattentionto(注意),bedevotedto/devoteto(致力于),leadto(导致),referto(谈到),pointto(指向),turnto(转向),objectto(反对),equalto(等于、能胜任),belongto(属于)等。Heobjectedtobeingtreatedlikeachild.他反对被当作小孩子看待。,3.作表语。(1)v-ing形式作表语,说明主语的性质特征,意为“令人的”,多指事物(现在分词相当于形容词);也可以说明主语的内容(动名词)。如:Thisnewsisexciting.这个消息令人激动。(性质现在分词)Myworkisteaching./Teachingismywork.我的工作是教书。(内容动名词),(2)v-ed形式表示性质特征,意为“感到的”,多指人。Everybodyfeelsexcitedaboutit.大家都为此感到兴奋。(3)不定式作表语有三种情况:主语与表语“等价”时。Hisdreamistobeadmittedbyakeyuniversity.他的梦想是考上重点大学。,在seem,appear,prove(证明是),turnout(结果是)等后。Heappearstowanttoleave.他看来要走了。表示计划、应该、约定、命令、命中注定等。Wearetomeetattheschoolgate.我们将在校门口碰头。(约定),4.作宾语补足语。当宾语与作宾补的动词在逻辑上是主动关系时,用不定式(全过程)或-ing形式(正在进行或一直处于某种状态);是被动关系时,用-ed形式。另外,请注意复习以下3点:(1)接不定式作宾补的动词。主要有tell,ask,expect,inspire,encourage,allow,advise,remind,persuade,require,force,forbid等。在help后作宾补的不定式带不带to均可。如:,Mr.Wangoftenencouragesustostudyhard.王老师常常鼓励我们努力学习。(2)接不带to的不定式作宾补的动词。主要有hear,listento,let,make,have,see,watch,notice,observe等,表示动作的全过程。Isawhimgoout.我看到他出去了。但被动语态中,要加上to。Hewasseentogoout.有人看到他出去了。,(3)接-ing形式作宾补的动词。主要有hear,see,watch,feel,find等,表示在“看到,听到”时“正在发生”。Iheardhersingingjustnow.刚才我听到她在唱歌。5.作定语。(1)-ing形式作定语,表示某动作正在进行(现在分词),或说明名词的功能(动名词)。如:,asleepingbaby(=ababywhoissleeping)一个正熟睡的婴儿;areadingroom(=aroomforreading)阅览室。(2)用-ing形式表示主动、正在进行,-ed形式被动、完成,不定式表示将来,三者都可以转化为定语从句。如:Theboystandingthereisafriendofmine.站在那边那个男孩是我的一个朋友。(=Theboywhoisstandingthereis),Thebuildingbeingbuiltwillbeourlibrary.现在正在建的那座房子将是我们的图书馆。(=Thebuildingwhichisbeingbuiltis)Thebuildingbuiltlastyearisourlibrary.去年建好的那座房子是我们的图书馆。(Thebuildingwhichwasbuiltlastyearis)Thebuildingtobebuiltnextmonthwillbeourlibrary.下个月要建的房子将是我们的图书馆。(=Thebuildingwhichwillbebuiltnextmonth),表示“第几个做某事的人”用thefirst/second(+n.)todosth.如:Tomwasthefirstpersontoarriveatschool.汤姆是第一个到校的人。(3)表示情感的动词,-ing形式表示“令人的”,-ed形式表示“感到的”。如:excitingnews令人激动的消息;excitedexpression脸上兴奋的表情。,6.作状语。(1)作目的状语或在形容词后作状语,用动词不定式。Hehasbeenworkinghardtogetagoodmark.为了获得好成绩,他一直在努力学习。Hisfather,Ithink,ispleasedtopersuadehim.我认为,他父亲乐意去说服他。(2)不定式作状语,表示原因,多用于表示情感反应的动词、形容词(如glad,sorry,surprised,frightened,delighted)之后,只能放在句末,且不用逗号。如:,Iamverygladtoseeyou.见到你我非常高兴。(3)-ing形式和-ed形式作状语,可表示伴随、时间、原因、条件、结果、让步等,表示伴随时可转化为并列谓语,其他情况一般可转化为相应的状语从句。表伴随:Theysatthere,talkinghappily.他们坐在那里高兴地交谈着。(=andtalkedhappily),Theteacherstoodthere,surroundedbyalotofstudents.那位老师站在那里,有许多学生围着。(=andwassurrounded/whowassurrounded)表时间:Hearingthebadnews,theycouldnthelpcrying.听到这条坏消息后,他们情不自禁地哭了起来。(=When/Aftertheyheardthebadnews,they),表原因:Bornintoapeasantfamily,hehadonlytwoyearsofschooling.他出生于农民家庭,只上过两年学。(=Ashewasborn)表条件:Givenalittlemoretime,Iwouldhaveworkedouttheproblem.如果再多给我一点时间,我就会做出那道题目了。(=IfIhadbeengivenalittlemoretime,I)表结果:Wesetoffveryearly,arrivingthereaheadoftime.我们动身很早,结果提前到达了那里。(sothatwearrived),表让步:Beingtired,theywentonworking.虽然累了,但他们继续工作。(=Althoughtheyweretired,they)(4)不定式表结果,其动作发生在谓语动词之后,往往表示未曾预料到的或令人不快的,前面常加only;也还用于tooto,enoughto,so/suchasto等固定结构中。-ing形式表示的结果,是伴随谓语动词的发生而产生的自然结果(同时发生),谓语动词与现在分词的动作是因果关系。如:,Hehurriedtothestation,onlytofind(andfound)thetrainhadleft.他匆匆忙忙赶到火车站,结果发现那趟火车已走了。Europeanfootballisplayedin80countries,making(=whichmakes)itthemostpopularsportintheworld.欧洲足球有80个国家都在踢,结果使得它成为世界上最流行的运动。另外,有时前面还带有连词,即“连词+-ing形式”“连词+-ed形式”。如:,Youmustbecarefulwhilecrossingtheroad.你过马路时一定得小心。(=whileyouarecrossing)Iwontgototheirweddingunlessinvited.除非得到邀请,否则我不会出席他们的婚礼。(=unlessIaminvited),一、单句填空用所给词的正确形式填空。1.(2013福建)_(know)basicfirst-aidtechniqueswillhelpyourespondquicklytoemergencies.Knowing因句中willhelp是谓语,前面应是非谓语动词作主语,表示一般或抽象,用-ing形式。,实战演练,2.(2011深圳二模)Instantly,Ifeltsosorry.Ihadintended_(help)her,completelymisunderstandingher.tohelp因intend后只能接不定式作宾语,故填tohelp。,3.(2013广州二模)ThebookclaimedthatIndiaspeoplewereverywelcomingoftourists,andnevertried_(cheat)them.AsIreadIfeltdeeplytouchedbythesewarmwords.tocheat表示“试图做某事”,try后要接不定式作宾语。,4.(2009广州二模)Iwasntusedto_(take)careoflikethatanditwasatthismomentthathisunspokenconcerncaughtmebysurprise.beingtaken由句意可知wasntusedto意为“不习惯”,to是介词,后面只能接-ing形式作宾语;又因takecareof后没有宾语了,可知I与takecareof是被动关系,故填beingtaken。,5.(2012广州二模)Themainfindingofthe30countriessurveyisthattheequalitybetweenmenandwomenisvitalto_(improve)livingstandardsandhealth,especiallyforchildrenindevelopingcountries.improving表示“对关系重大”的bevitalto中的to是介词,用-ing形式作宾语。,6.(2013深圳二模)Themanwasso_(move)thathehadtofightbacktears.moved作表语,表示人“感动的”,用-ed形式。,7.(2013重庆)Theenginejustwontstart.Somethingseems_(go)wrongwithit.tohavegone因seem后只能接不定式作表语,不能接-ed或-ing形式,且根据句意“引擎发不动,看起来好像已经出了毛病了”,可知要用不定式的完成式。,8.(2009广州一模)Ontheirreturnthefatheraskedhisson_(explain)whathehadlearnt.toexplain由asksb.todosth.可知,用不定式作宾补。,9.(2013北京)Whenwesawtheroad_(block)withsnow,wedecidedtospendtheholidayathome.blocked因theroad与block(阻碍,堵塞)是被动关系,所以用-ed形式作宾补。,10.(2013陕西)Letthoseinneed_(understand)thatwewillgoallouttohelpthem.understand句中inneed是those的定语,意为“有需要的人”,考查的是letsb.dosth.句型,所以用不带to的不定式作宾补。,11.(2011深圳一模)Shewillliftherforktoswallowamouthful,andthenputitdownagaintomakeanotherpoint,leavingalmostallofhermeal_(touch).untouched因allofhermeal与touch是被动关系,要用-ed形式作宾补;因“将餐叉放下,又考虑另外的问题了”,所以“留下几乎所有的饭菜,再也没有碰过了”,故填其反义词untouched。,12.(2007广州二模)Withtheproblem_(solve),Ifeltproudofmyachievement.solved因theproblem与solve是被动关系,又由后面“为取得的成绩感到骄傲”可知,问题已经解决,故用-ed形容作宾补。,13.(2009深圳二模)ArealtrialbeganwhenIstoodontheplatformwithmylegs_(tremble)andmymindblank.Howmuchtimehadpassedby,Ididntknow.trembling因mylegs与tremble是主动关系,又与stood同时发生,故用-ing形式作宾补。,14.(2013深圳二模)_(open)it,hefoundtwosmalltablematsandasumofmoneytotaling25,000.Opening因he与open是主动关系,且open与found同时发生,所以用-ing形式作状语,表示时间。,15.(2009深圳一模)_(teach)tobehavewell,mysisterandIrespectedotherpeople,regardlessoftheirageorcolor.Mygrandmotherwaslovedbyallthepeoplearoundher.Taught因mysisterandI与teach是被动关系,用-ed形式作原因状语。,16.(2013深圳一模)SoonhedisappearedintheMens.Istoodthere_(puzzle).SuddenlyIrealizedpuzzled因I与puzzle(使迷惑)是被动关系,用-ed形式作状语,表示伴随状态。,17.(2013广州一模)Theyoftentakechildrenonday-trips,_(bring)alongwiththemallkindsoffoodforthekidstoenjoy.bringing因与They是主动关系,用-ing形式作伴随状语。,18.(2012广州一模)Thecheerfulandoptimisticrabbitthrewhimselfintolookingforthecarrot,_(dig)hereandthere,totallyconvincedthathewouldfindit.digging因rabbit与dig是主动关系,用-ing形式作伴随状语。,19.(2013课标)Igottotheofficeearlierthatday,_(catch)the7:30trainfromPadington.havingcaught因有逗号,后面不可能是不定式;因逻辑主语I与catch是主动关系,用-ing形式;“赶上七点半的火车”应在“到达办公室”之前,发生在谓语之前,要用完成式,所以填havingcaught。-ing形式的完成式作状语,表示原因,相当于becauseIhadcaught。,20.(2013北京)_(find)thecourseverydifficult,shedecidedtomovetoalowerlevel.Finding因she与find是主动关系,故用-ing形式,作状语,表示原因,相当于Asshefound。,21.(2013重庆)WhenIwaslittle,mymotherusedtositbymybed,_(tell)mestoriestillIfellasleep.telling因mymother与tell是主动关系,用-ing形式作sit的伴随状语,相当于andtell。,22.(2013山东)_(eat)atthecafeteriabefore,Tinadidntwanttoeatthereagain.Havingeaten因Tina与eat是主动关系,用-ing形式作状语;“以前在那个自助餐厅吃过”应是在“不想再去那里吃”之前,发生在谓语之前,用完成式。这里是表示原因,相当于Asshehadeatenat。,23.(2013山东)Istoppedthecar_(take)ashortbreakasIwasfeelingtired.totake因“休息一会”是“停车”的目的,作目的状语,要用不定式。,24.(2013湖南)Thesunbegantoriseinthesky,_(bath)themountainingoldenlight.bathing因thesun与bath(使沐浴在中)是主动关系,又是同时发生,故用-ing形式作状语,表示伴随。,25._(admit)toakeyuniversity,allthestudentsinSenior3aremakinggreateffortstostudy.Tobeadmitted因“考入/被重点大学录取”是“努力学习”的目的,作目的状语要用不定式,又因allthestudents与admit(允许进入)是被动关系,故用不定式的被动式。,26._(complete)allthehomeworkassignedbytheschool,thestudentshavetoworkatittillmidnight.Tocomplete作目的状语。,27.(2013广州二模)Ihadnootherchoice_(leave),soIagreedtopay,butonlyaftermybagwasreturned.left因choice与leave是被动关系,用-ed形式作定语。,28.(2011广州一模)Dudley,whichisprobablytheheartoftheBlackCountry,hasahistory_(date)backover1,000years.dating作定语,修饰history。,29.(2010广州二模)Buttheleadersdidnotannounceany_(detail)planforGreeceaftermeetingThursdayinBrussels.detailed因plan与detail(详述)是被动关系,用-ed形式作定语,表示“详细的”计划。,30.(2013北京)Volunteeringgivesyouachance_(change)lives,includingyourown.tochange不定式作定语,意为:志愿者工作给了你一个“改变生活的”机会,包括你自己的生活。tochangelives相当于whichcanchangelives。,31.(2013天津)Insomelanguages,100wordsmakeuphalfofallwords_(use)indailyconversations.used意为“日常会话中使用的词汇”,words与use是被动关系,用-ed形式作后置定语。used相当于定语从句whichwereused。,32.(2013山东)Theroomisemptyexceptforabookshelf_(stand)inonecorner.standing因abookshelf与stand是主动关系,用-ing形式作定语,standing相当于whichstands,33.(2013辽宁)LaurawasawayinParisforoveraweek.Whenshegothome,therewasapileofmail_(wait)forher.waiting因apileofmail与wait是主动关系,用-ing形式作定语,waiting相当于thatiswaiting,34.(2013湖南)Youcannotacceptanopinion_(offer)toyouunlessitisbasedonfacts.offered因anopinion与offer是被动关系,所以用-ed形式作定语,offered相当于whichisoffered。句意:你不会接受别人给你提的看法,除非是以事实为根据的看法。,35.(2013四川)Theairport_(complete)nextyearwillhelppromotetourisminthisarea.tobecompleted由nextyear可知,是将来完工,用不定式;又因theairport与complete是被动关系,所以用不定式的被动式作定语,tobecompleted相当于whichwillbecompleted。,36.Chinasfirstaircraftcarrier,_(measure)aslongas304meters,washandedovertothePeoplesLiberationArmyNavyin2012.measuring。因Chinasfirstaircraftcarrier与measure(=be)是主动关系,用-ing形式作定语,measuring相当于定语从句whichmeasures。,37.(2008深圳一模)Mypupils,Donnie_(include),adoredher.Withherfrequentencouragement,Donniebecameconfident.included因Donnie与include是被动关系,用-ed形式。顺便说说,表示“包括唐尼”可以是Donnieincluded也可以是includingDonnie。,38.(2013安徽)_(found)intheearly20thcentury,theschoolkeepsoninspiringchildrensloveofart.Founded因theschool与found(成立)是被动关系,用-ed形式表示被动、完成。,39.(2014茂名二模)MyeyeswateredabitasIwatchedthissceneandrememberedallthetimeswhenmyownchildrenhadranintomyarmswith_(smile)faces.smiling现在分词作定语的用法,中心词faces与定语“微笑”是主谓关系,故用现在分词。,40.(2014茂名一模)afterluckily_(succeed)inthenationalcollegeentranceexamination,Irealizedmydreamagain.succeeding在介词after后作宾语,要用动名词。,41.(2014广州一模)TheNorthernEssexCommunityCollege(NECC)studentsandoneoftheirteachersspentpartoftheirspringbreakinNewYorkCity,helpingrepairanarea_(destroy)bythehurricane.destroyed。根据句意可知用过去分词作定语,表被动。,42.(2014佛山一模)Theyobservedbirdsflying_(get)ideas,aswellasreadaboutotherinventorsattemptstomakeaircraft.toget不定式作目的状语。,43.(2014广州一模)Insidethebuilding,thestudentssawnothingbutbrokenwallsanddoorsandpiecesofthebuilding_(lie)allovertheplace.lying现在分词作状语,表状态。,44.(2014广州调研)Withinashorttimeofhisdeath,moneystartedpouringinfromalloverScotland_(support)hiswidowandchildren.tosupport不定式作状语,表目的。,45.(2014广州调研)Hediedattheageof37asaresultofaweakheart,broughtonbyyearsofpoorworkingconditionsonthefarm_(date)backtohischildhood.dating现在分词作定语修饰前面的years。,46.(2014深圳一模)Tomshookhishead,wentbacktothemarketandreturned_(inform)theboss1.2perkg.toinform在谓语动词returned后作目的状语,用不定式。,47.(2014惠州三模)Theyranawayquicklyandhid._(breath)heavilyafterhidinginthemouse-holeBreathing现在分词作状语,表时间。,48.(2014江门一模)InMountBerry,Georgia,peoplefindagroupofschools_(build)speciallyformountainchildren.built此处作后置定语,修饰schools,两者是被动关系,故应填其过去分词形式built。,49.(2013佛山一模)_(compare)withpeoplewhohavetobeintheirofficesduringtheday,IdonthavetogetupearlyCompared非谓语动词作状语,表示“与相比”要用过去分词comparedwith/to,二、语篇填空用所给动词的正确形式填空。1._(fall)inlovewithabeautifulgirl,alionwenttoherparentsandaskedthem2._(marry)hertohim.Theoldparentsdidnotknowwhattosay.Not3._(hope)togivetheirdaughtertothelion,theydidnotwant4._(anger)thekingofbeasts.Atlastthefathersaid,“Weareasgladasotherparents5._(marry)ourdaughter,Falling,tomarry,hoping,toanger,tomarry,toyou,butwefearthatyoumightpossiblyhurther.So6._(remove)yourclawsandteeth,youcanmarryher.”7._(love)thegirlverymuch,theliontrimmed(修剪)hisclawsandtookouthisbigteeth.8._(come)totheparentsagain,hewassimplylaughedinhisface.9._(beat)outofthehouse,thelionfelt10._(depress)anddiedsoon.,removing,Loving,Coming,Beaten,depressed,这是一则有深刻意义的寓言故事。寓意:有些人轻易相信别人的话,抛弃自己的长处,结果轻而易举地被原来害怕自己的人击败了。1.Falling因alion与fall是主动关系,用-ing形式作状语,表示原因。2.tomarry由asksb.todosth.可知,用不定式作宾补。3.hoping因they与hope是主动关系,用-ing形式作状语,表示让步,相当于Althoughtheydidnthopeto。,4.toanger因want后只能用不定式作宾语,意为“不想激怒百兽之王”。5.tomarry在作表语的形容词glad后作状语,表示原因,只能用不定式。6.removing因you与remove是主动关系,用-ing形式,作状语,表示条件,相当于ifyouremove。7.Loving因thelion与love是主动关系,用-ing形式,作状语,表示原因。,8.Coming因he与come是主动关系,用-ing形式作伴随状语。9.Beaten因thelion与beat是被动关系,用-ed形式作状语,表示原因。10.depressed表示狮子“感到沮丧的”,用过去分词形式作表语。,
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